基因體工程技術於農產相關產業之應用現況與發展

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基因體工程技術於農產相關產業之應用現況與發展

林彥蓉

臺灣大學農藝學系

LIN, Yann-rong

Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University

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基因工程技術於農業相關產業之應用現況與發展 (2018) 臺灣大學農藝學系林彥蓉

2 Deshmukh et al. (2014) Frontiers in Plant Science 5: 244

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Genomics

Gene Expression

Transcriptomics

Proteomics

Metabolomics

Systems Biology

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Bioinformatics

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Genomic DNA DNA Sequencing

Sequence Assembly

Gene Annotation

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基因工程技術於農業相關產業之應用現況與發展 (2018) 臺灣大學農藝學系林彥蓉 5

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Nucleic Acids Research 2008. Vol. 36 Database Issue

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全球種子產值持續上升

種子產業帶動下游產業鏈

丁川翊全球蔬菜種子市場之動態與我國競爭力簡析

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基因工程技術於農業相關產業之應用現況與發展 (2018) 臺灣大學農藝學系林彥蓉 Lawrence et al. (2008) Int J Plant Genomics. 2008:496957 8

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Figure 1. Three ways to utilize detailed molecular genetic information for crop improvement.

Phenotypes generated from the field, high-

throughput sequencing techniques, and various - omics approaches generate vast amounts of valuable data in the information pool for crop improvement. Traditionally, this detailed

molecular genomic information is exploited by marker-aided selection (MAS) (i) and transgenic approaches (ii) for producing better new varieties.

MAS can be used for both parental and progeny selection, whereas transgenic methods provide opportunities for introducing novel beneficial traits. Molecular strengthening (MOST)

treatments (iii) as a third outlet can facilitate the breeding process (i.e., flowering time regulation or controlled crosses). MOST treatments can also be applied directly in the field for crop

management, for reduced fertilizer input, or improved yield stability due to increased biotic and/or abiotic resistance. Abbreviations: GWAS, genome-wide association studies; QTL,

quantitative trait loci.

Trends in Plant Science, June 2015, Vol. 20, No. 6

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圖1.4.3、簡單序列重複與單一核苷酸多型性分子標誌。

郭舒孟、林彥蓉 (2018) 第一篇、第四章。基因體科技於農業及能源之發展

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基因工程技術於農業相關產業之應用現況與發展 (2018)

郭舒孟、林彥蓉 (2018) 第一篇、第四章。基因體科技於農業及能源之發展

臺灣大學農藝學系林彥蓉 13

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臺灣研究單位分子標誌輔助選育的應用實例

郭舒孟、林彥蓉 (2018) 第一篇、第四章。基因體科技於農業及能源之發展

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稉稻臺南16號林彥蓉

陳榮坤、羅正宗臺南區農業改良場

早生性青花菜林彥蓉

農友種苗公司

高營養米林彥蓉

吳永培農業試驗所嘉義分所

西瓜抗性基因育種胡凱康

農友種苗公司

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臺南16號

分子標誌輔助回交育種導入臺農67號抽穗期基因至越光

郭舒孟、林彥蓉 (2018) 第一篇、第四章。基因體科技於農業及能源之發展

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優良親本早生親本 BC

₃

，輪迴親本回復率 > 94%

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農業試驗所嘉義分所吳永培博士

郭舒孟、林彥蓉 (2018) 第一篇、第四章。基因體科技於農業及能源之發展

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96 x 96

512 RAM

 SNP （單一核苷酸多型性）基因型分析

 自動化基因型分析

4 小時

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資料點整理

晶片影像

一片晶片完成 9216資料點背景選拔分子標誌平台

臺大農藝系胡凱康博士

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聖鯛水產科技

Sheng-Diao Aquatic Technolog

屏東新埤

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基因工程技術於農業相關產業之應用現況與發展 (2018) 臺灣大學農藝學系林彥蓉 Trends in Genetics 2013 29, 190-196

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林彥蓉

陳凱儀

胡凱康

董致韡

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QTLs conferring Curding Time by GWAS

A SNP Set for Variety Identification

and F1 seed purity

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•SNPline Lite for lower throughput applications (up to 20,000 data points per day; 96 & 384-well plates only)

•SNPline XL for higher throughput applications (up to 200,000 data

points per day; 96, 384, and 1536-well plates).

https://www.lgcgroup.com/products/genotyping-instruments/snpline/snpline-workflow/#.Wa17K8gjFPY

LGC SNPline

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洪傳揚 (2018)作物、環境與生物資訊 15:101-115

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洪傳揚 (2018)作物、環境與生物資訊 15:101-115

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FIGURE 2. A schematic diagram representing the execution of CRISPR/Cas9 based system in date palm genome editing. The most vulnerable target sites in the desired gene(s) are selected specifically using online available web sourcing to design primers for complementary 20-nucleotides. The target specific sgRNA and Cas9 cassettes are constructed either in a single binary vector or separate expression vectors.

These cassettes are then co-transformed in vivo into the plant cells employing a suitable transformation method. Following the putative transformation, the mutated cells are screened an analyzed for target- specific mutations using reporter genes,

endonucleases, polyacrylamide gel electrophoreses, or high throughput sequencing techniques. The successfully transformed cells are then selected for further downstream applications and analysis.

Sattar et al. (2017) Front. Plant Sci. 8: 1469

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基因體科技於農業及能源之發展

中技社

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基因體工程技術於農產相關產業 之應用現況與發展