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國際與台灣再生能源發電之展望

9 2015

在台外籍研究生台灣企業參訪心得分享

3

國際間循環經濟的發展趨勢及關鍵策略

20

我國電力最適能源配比之探討

Contents

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(2014) 年首度試辦「在台外籍研究生(含大陸、港、澳地區)台灣企業參訪活動」;今年有 25 名獲選參加,參訪企業包括中鼎、研華桃園廠、立凱電能車、裕鼎以 BOT 經營的苗栗焚 化廠、漢翔航空與銀泰科技。沿途亦遊覽清境農場、埔里酒廠及彰濱工業區玻璃館,讓外籍 學子了解我國科技及綠色產業的發展,並感受台灣的自然與人文,藉此增進外籍學生留台貢 獻所學的意願。

依據國際能源總署估計,化石燃料發電量合計占比達 68%,核能發電占 11%,再生能源 占 21%,其中風力發電及太陽光電發電量占比合計僅化石燃料發電量的 4%,顯見再生能源 發電占全球總電力供給比重偏低。在瑞士國際管理學院 2013 世界競爭力年報中,台灣在各 國運用綠色科技創造競爭優勢的潛力評比排名全球第 18。隨著台灣逐步調升再生能源推廣目 標,再生能源發電配合儲能系統的需求亦將逐漸浮現,產官學界宜持續強化相關研發,以啟 動國內市場。

本社去年規劃「台灣電力部門能源政策與能源選項之探討」議題,經由對各項能源選項 之技術及成本之趨勢進行評估,並據以提出台灣電力部門能源配比的可能情境,再透過建構 可進行電力部門相關政策評估之總體經濟及能源經濟計量模型,研析在成本最小化條件下,

各類發電技術之最適電源配比。同時考量納入碳排放成本與不同碳稅課徵稅額時,對各類發

電技術最適配比之影響,並彙集出版「我國電力最適能源配比之探討」專題報告,做為政府

規劃電力的參考。

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本社於 8 月 20 日上午召開第 20 屆第 8 次常務董事會議暨第 8 次董事、監察人 聯席會議,依捐助章程規定,改選下 ( 第 21) 屆董事及監察人。第 21 屆董事當選人 9 位:潘文炎、余俊彥、詹火生、林聖忠、

邱雅文、游振偉等 6 位連任;鄒宇新 ( 經 濟部專門委員 )、苗豐強 ( 聯華神通集團董 事長 )、余騰耀 ( 本社執行長 ) 等 3 位新任,

另通過卓士昭續任本社監察人 ( 經濟部政務 次長 )。隨即召開第 21 屆董事、監察人當 選人會議,經全體出席董事投票通過,推 選潘文炎、余俊彥、詹火生 3 位為常務董 事,並由 3 位常務董事中推舉潘文炎先生 續任本社第 21 屆董事長。本屆董事、監察 人任期自 2015 年 9 月 1 日起至 2018 年 8 月 31 日止。

◤秘書室薄懷照

台灣綠色生產力基金會 林志森董事長 ( 右者 )

中美矽晶製品( 股 ) 公司 盧明光董事長 ( 右者 ) 中國石油學會 朱少華理事長 ( 右者 )

潘文炎董事長於會後致贈卸任董事紀

念品,感謝在任期間竭力支持本社業務之

推動與發展。

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一、前言

圖1 循環經濟之物料流模式 ( 來源:循環台灣基金會改編自 EMF 報告 )

能資源及經濟發展的威脅,進而積極採用如低 碳經濟及綠色經濟等,整合經濟發展與環境保 育理念的經濟發展模式。從實務上而言,上述 概念過度偏向環境保育,強迫產業在獲利及環 境保護之間做取捨,因此除非在政策的強制 下,產業的接受度不高。相較之下,「循環經 濟」的理念兼具產業發展及環境保育的特質,

因此近來年獲得許多企業及跨國組織的青睞,

積極推動產業邁向循環經濟模式。

台灣在資源大量仰賴國外的現況下,如何 順應全球資源爭奪的趨勢,依據「循環經濟」

的概念,建構國內資源循環的能量,創造下一 波經濟發展契機,是台灣在全球競爭下的迫切 課題。中技社長期關心產業發展及能資源,針 對「永續資源管理」、「建構循環型社會」、

「能資源未來趨勢」、「國家稀有資源策略」

及「資源循環產業發展」等議題進行持續研究,

今(2015) 年嘗試對於「循環經濟」的議題提供 兼具深度及廣度的探討,希望提供政府在未來 制度規劃及策略擬定的參考依據。本研究仍在

「循環經濟」為近年來國際間熱門的議 題,包括歐盟在2014 年提出的「循環經濟方 案」,由世界經濟論壇邀集跨產業領袖共同推 動,目標以企業創新驅動循環經濟加速成形的

「主流計畫」(Project Main Stream) 及由英國 Ellen MacArthur 基金會提出循環經濟工具及 策略報告等。日本在2003 年提出的《推進形 成循環型社會基本法》,另外還包括中國大陸 2009 年推動的《循環經濟促進法》等,都是 以”減少 (reduce)、再利用 (reuse) 及循環使 用 (recycle)”的 3R 概念為核心,透過政策及 法令等工具實現資源循環及經濟發展的目標。

長久以來,工業生產及消費主要依循著

「大量生產、大量消費、大量廢棄」的經濟發 展模式,雖滿足因人口成長、全球化及都市化 等全球趨勢所造成的需求提升,除帶動經濟發 展外,也為人類社會帶來豐饒與便利的物質生 活。但在此同時,全球氣候變遷及資源稀缺等 工業化的後遺症業也逐漸顯現,引起全球社會 的關注。2008 年金融海嘯讓全球陷入環境、

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循環經濟的核心在於原有的線性發展模 式之間建構多層次的循環。以工業原料的體 系為例,可透過翻新 / 再製造、再利用 / 再 分銷、及維修等模式提升資源使用效率及創 造產品的總價值。這些循環模式需透過中間 供應鏈的配合來實現及擴散,包括易拆解、

易回收、零組件標準化的產品設計、可投入 二次零件或再生原料的製程、以從提供產品 導向提供服務的商業模式。

( 二 ) 產業效益

英國環境服務協會推估循環經濟可為英 國增加 5萬個就業機會及120億英鎊的產值。

荷蘭分析結果顯示循環經濟增加 5 萬 4 千個

表1 推動循環經濟可能產生之經濟效益

機會所在 可能效益

• 產品的設計應有利再使用、拆解、分類再生

• 盡量使用再生之原料

英國:至2020 年,可增加 140 百萬噸的廢棄物循 環,產生140 億英鎊的利潤

• 再生原料最入製程最大化

• 部分殘餘廢棄物質作為燃料

• 生產的資源效率最大化,製程廢棄物質產量 最小化

• 事業廢棄物再生為原料

• 廢棄包裝與廢棄食材最小化

• 建立收集消費者拋棄物品的通路

• 引導消費者選擇利於循環的產品

• 更新廢棄物收集分類技術

• 廚餘回收,投資廚餘處理再利用機構設施

• 具有熱值的殘餘物質進行能源回收

• 推升廢棄物資產源的分類回收率

• 從廢棄物回收的能源同時產生電與熱蒸氣

• 自動化物質分離及篩選

• 高品質玻璃回收

• 沼氣產出及利用

• 無法回收的殘餘物做能源回收

業區或臨近區域內的工廠能夠互相利用工廠 產生的廢熱、廢水、附產品與廢棄物質,作 為能源、清潔、冷卻、原料等用途

透過使用效率的提升,以分享方式將產品的 閒置時間轉換為附加價值

透過所有權不轉讓的概念,讓消費者只負擔 使用產品所產生的效益,而無需擁有產品

英國:至2020 年,可額外減少 38 百萬噸的原料 需求,相當於節省230 億英鎊的原料成本

英國:產生2.5 百萬噸的回收物資,相當於 250 百萬噸英鎊的價值

英國:把模範城鎮的績效推廣至國,家戶可再產 生5 百萬噸的回收物資,相當於 5 億英鎊的價值

英國:處理設施的最佳化,預估可再增加3 萬個 就業機會

回收報廢產品中完整的各種零組件,直接用 於產品製造中

美國:可以提供50 萬個工作機會,包括汽車產、

電機電子器材、家具、營建設備等產業都能發展 或擴大其再製造產業

歐洲:汽車供應協會CLEPA 計算歐洲再製造業 的市場有100 至 120 億美元的價值

Airbnb 始於 2008 年,至今公司其市值已經到達 20 億美元,在紐約,使用 Airbnb 的屋主平均一 年可多賺進兩萬一千美元

韓國也正將首爾打造成一個分享城市Sharing City 提供廠商進行綠色設計、提升資源使用效率及回 收再利用的誘因

英國產業共生體系至今已創造成1 萬個就業機會,

平均一年所減少的能源、用水、原物料成本達243 百萬英鎊,最近5 年已節省 150 億英鎊的成本 內容

設計

製造

銷售與消費

再製造產業

產品服務化 分類收集

分享經濟 資源再生處理

產業共生系統

( 一 ) 運作概念

循 環 經 濟 的 模 式 源 自 於 搖 籃 到 搖 籃 (Cradle to Cradle, C2C) 的 概 念, 圖 1 為 英 國 Ellen MacArthur 基 金 會 繪 製 的 循 環 經濟模式系統圖,其將系統分為「工業原 料」 (Technical material) 以及「生物原料」

(Biological material) 兩個循環體系,與中間 從最源頭開採 / 原料製造、零件製造、產品 製造、服務與產品提供、使用消費、能源回 收、最後到廢棄掩埋的線性經濟整合。

二、循環經濟的運作概念及可能效益

持續進行中,僅摘錄既有研究成果之重點與讀 者分享。

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三、主要國家推動循環經濟及現況 ( 三 ) 環境效益

據美國環保署估算, 2012 年美國產生 3,200 萬噸塑料垃圾僅有 9% 回收利用。其 中許多塑料垃圾被運往發展中國家以“低成 本”方式回收,因此實際回收率可能更低。

塑料回收並不僅是廢物處理的問題,其中的 環境健康和安全規程問題會對勞動者和當地 生態產生直接影響。循環經濟主要透過提升 資源使用效率的方式,降低生產過程的能資 源使用及減少廢棄物的產出。環境效益為各 國推動循環經濟的重要目標,荷蘭估計循環 經濟可帶來以下的環境 效益:

.減少 17.15 百萬噸 CO

2

排放量

.減少全球 2,180 平方公里的土地資源開發 破壞

.減少水資源的需求共 7 億立方公尺

.減少原料進口或開採,共 100.4 百萬噸

( 四 ) 資源供給安全

工業革命後對於能資源的需求不斷的提 升,其背後有主要因素包括:

1. 全球人口持續增長:目前已突破 70 億,

預計 2050 年前將突破 90 億人;

2. 中產階級崛起:世界銀行預估至 2025 年,

全球將比現今增加 18 億中產階級人口﹔

3. 資源浪費:隨著生活品質及消費能力的提 升,帶動更高的資源消費及浪費。

( 一 ) 日本 1. 推動背景

日本經濟自 50 年代開始持續 30 年的高 度增長,被譽為「日本戰後經濟奇蹟」。然 而,當時日本政府以產業發展絕對優先的政 策方向,因為一連串嚴重環境公害事件發生 而引起政府及民間的反彈。日本政府意識到 環境保護的重要性,開始反省其國家空間及 資源限制所帶來的發展限制,因此自 1970 年 實施《廢棄物管理法》,採用「污染者付費」

原則,因應經濟發展與環境保護的對立。

2. 推動策略

日 本 首 先 於 1994 年 通 過《 環 境 基 本 法》,接著於 2000 年提出「健全的物質再 生社會」 ( Sound Material-Cycle Society) 政 策,公布「循環型社會形成促進基本法」,

並於 2003 年提出第一期的「循環型社會基 本計畫」,以每五年進行滾動式修正的模式,

建立循環型社會之法律體系。 2007 年第二期 的「循環型社會基本計畫」中,提出建立跨 國資源循環以克服單一國家在廢棄物產量及 處理能量落差的構想。透過詳細物質流會計 (Material Flow Account ) 的建構,掌握資源 此外,約有半數的金屬在目前開採的速 度下,不到 50 年就會開發殆盡,許多金屬元 素的回收率仍低於 50%,尤其是新科技所高 度仰賴的稀土元素,回收率到不到 1%。稀 有元素礦產多集中在少數國家,台灣高度依 賴國外資源,需積極面對資源供應的風險。

循環經濟透過資源需求的減量及循環,提升 國家或企業對資源安全議題的調適能力。減 量來源主要透過資源再使用及再利用,增加 物質資源使用效率並創造更高的附加價值。

消費模式的轉變也提供減量的空間,以提供 服務取代消費者對於產品的需求,除資源需 求量外,也增加服務的就業機會。

就業機會,產生 730 億歐元的市場價值。世

界經濟論壇 (WEF) 預期目前參與循環經濟聯

盟企業可同時增加 10 萬個就業機會、獲利 5

億美元,並加速循環經濟模式轉型。歐盟過

去已透過回收產業創造 50 萬就業機會,麥

肯錫公司估計,歐盟持續發展循環經濟可每

年增加 3% 的資源生產力,到 2030 年初級

資源需求可以節省 0.6 兆歐元支出,另外還

增加 1.2 兆歐元的非資源性利益與環境外部

效益。各國預估循環經濟在價值鏈及不同運

作模式下可能產生的效益如表 1 所示。

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回收的狀況,作為政策成效分析及訂立再生 回收量化指標之依據,以檢視循環型社會推 動成效。 2013 年分析結果顯示第二期計畫獲 得顯著成效,包括金屬整體回收率達 98%,

工業廢棄物僅 5% 需進入掩埋場,進入回收 體系電子產品中 74~89% 的物質被再生為原 料。然而也反映出再減量及再利用成效有限 的困境,因此將其列為第三期計畫的重點。

推動策略可分為技術升級及國際合作等兩方 面,前者著重於回收品質的提升,後者則是 持續以推動亞洲區域循環為目標,透過在海 外設置廢棄物及資源回收處理產業;第三期 以 2020 年為目標,訂定出下列的成效指標:

.循環利用率 在 2020 年提升到 45%(2000 年為 36%)

.每人每日垃圾排出量: 2020 年比 2000 年 減少 25%

.事業廢棄物排出量: 2020 年比 2000 年總 量減少 25%

.廢棄物管理電子化普及率: 2016 年達 50%

( 二 ) 中國大陸 1. 推動背景

中國大陸經歷 30 餘年改革開放,成為 全球製造業爭相進駐的世界工廠,創造超 過 6 億的中產階級,然而配合全球大量生產 運作模式所帶來的後遺症已影響永續發展。

中國主要資源人均佔有量遠低於世界平均水 準,加上增長方式仍較粗放,國內資源難以 保障經濟發展需要。能源、礦產、水、土地 等資源短缺加劇,對外依存度將攀升,可持 續發展面臨能源資源瓶頸約束的嚴峻挑戰。

中國亦面臨諸多污染問題,且是全球最大溫 室氣體排放國,其減排及產業發展的一舉一 動莫不受到全球環保社會關注。中國正由世 界工廠轉型的階段,也以綠色發展作為推進 經濟增長和轉型的重要手段。

2. 推動策略

中國大陸於 2005 年及 2007 年分別提出 第一及第二批的循環經濟試點計畫, 2008 年 通過《循環經濟促進法》,並於 2009 年 1 月 1 日開始施行。此外,中國「十二五」計 畫( 2010 ~ 2015)重點之一也在於透過《循 環經濟促進法》落實「減量化、再利用、資 源化」的原則,實現資源產出率提高 15% 及 資源循環利用產業總產值達到 1.8 萬億元等 目標。 2013 年中國政府編制《循環經濟發展 戰略及近期行動計畫》,對發展循環經濟作 出戰略規劃,整合發改委、商務部、財政部、

工信部及建設部等單位將資源綜合利用、廢 舊商品回收體系、城市礦產示範基地、再製 造產業化、餐廚廢棄物資源化、產業園區循 環改造及資源循環利用技術推廣為主軸。在 推進社會層面循環經濟發展的項目中,中國 提出多項循環經濟的子項工作,並訂定 2015 年的成效目標,如表 2。

( 三 ) 荷蘭 1. 推動背景

荷蘭靠著貿易建國,位於歐洲三大經濟 體德國、法國及英國的正中央,除具備戰略 性地理位置外,其高度成熟的基礎設施、優 異的專業物流倉儲能量、完善財政體制及優 異的外語能力,均成為荷蘭國際化發展的基 礎。荷蘭以促進產業發展的思維推動循環經 濟,希望透過物質使用效率的改善,解決資 源不足及提升產業之競爭力。以荷蘭的農業 及食品部門為例,其部門產值達 762億歐元,

佔荷蘭總出口的 20%,同時佔 10% 的就業 市場,然而該部門耗用大量能源、水及肥料,

因此荷蘭政府積極提升肥料物質使用效率,

以降低對於能資源的需求。然而因為產業對

於循環經濟重要性的認知不足、替代原物料

的可取得性及缺乏生產循環性商品的市場誘

因等因素,目前仍有很大的改善空間。

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2. 推動策略

儘管荷蘭已有 83% 的高回收率 (2015 年 ),但仍有近 1,000 萬噸的物質進入焚化 爐或掩埋場,因此荷蘭政府認為有推動循環 經濟的必要性,並以創造市場的概念,領導 各界合作訂定循環經濟的目標及方向,在掌 握企業邁向循環的困難及障礙後,於 2015 年提出包括減少離開循環的物質、增加家戶 及商業用廢棄物的分類、增加商業的機會 等解決策略,除規劃於 2020 年讓荷蘭成為

重點工作 2015 年目標

• 完善再生資源回收網路

• 健全生活垃圾分類回收體系

• 加強重點再生資源回收 2015 年主要品種再生資源回收率達到 70%

• 推動再生資源利用的規模化及產業化發展

• 推進再生資源規模化利用

• 推進再生資源高值化利用

• 推進再生資源清潔安全利用

• 建立舊件逆向回收體系

• 抓好重點產品再製造

• 推動再製造產業化發展

• 推進既有建築供熱計量和節能改造

• 新建建築嚴格執行節能標準

• 發展綠色建築

• 推進建築廢物資源化利用

基礎設施建設環節體現循環經濟要求 運營服務環節大力提高能源資源利用效率 宣導綠色出行

建立餐廚廢棄物資源化利用體系 支援餐廚廢棄物資源化利用設施建設 加速食廚廢棄物資源化利用技術研發 強化餐廚廢棄物管理

樹立綠色消費理念 宣導綠色生活方式 政府機構帶頭節約

到2015 年,主要再生資源利用總量達到 2.66 億噸,產值 達到1.2 萬億元,就業人員 1800 萬人

到2015 年,實現年再製造發動機 80 萬台,變速箱、起動 機、發電機等800 萬件,工程機械、礦山機械、農用機械 等20 萬台套,再製造產業年產值達 500 億元左右

“十二五”期間

• 北方採暖地區完成既有居住建築供熱計量和節能改造 4 億平方米以上

• 夏熱冬冷地區既有居住建築節能改造 5000 萬平方米以上

• 公共建築和公共辦公區建築節能改造 1.2 億平方米

• 新建綠色建築 8 億平方米

2015 年,城鎮新建建築 15% 以上達到綠色建築標準要求 到2015 年,鐵路、公路、水路、民航、郵政、城市軌道 交通行業基礎設施建設和運營服務環節的資源能源利用 效率全面提高,污染排放得到有效控制

到2015 年,50% 的設區城市初步實現餐廚廢棄物分類收 運和資源化利用,餐廚廢棄物資源化利用能力達到3 萬 噸/ 日

循環經濟子項

循環經濟的熱點,也設定在 2022 年將進入 焚化或掩埋場的物質數量降低於 500 萬噸 的政策目標。為達到提升物質使用效率的 目標,荷蘭「基礎建設及環境部」 (Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment),

於 2014 年提出「廢棄物到資源」(Waste to Resource) 計畫,內容包括提升生產上游永 續性、改變消費模式及消費者行為、加強廢 棄物管理、檢討現有法規政策及財政誘因,

策略內容包括如下表:

完善再生資 源回收體系

推動再生資源利 用產業化發展

發展再製造

實施綠色 建築行動

構建綠色綜合 交通運輸體系

推進餐廚廢棄 物資源化利用

推行綠色消費

表2 中國大陸 2015 年循環經濟重點工作及目標

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( 四 ) 歐盟 1. 推動背景

歐洲為推動全球環境保護的先驅,過 去持續透過嚴峻環境法規標準的制定,除提 升歐盟的環境品質,也推動其他國家的環境 立法,如 2003 年《廢電子電機設備指令》

(WEEE)、2005 年《耗能產品指令》(EuP) 及 2006 年《有害物質限用指令》(RoHS) 等,

帶動全球廢棄物管理及資源循環趨勢。環境 品質管理的基礎,讓歐盟將推動「循環經濟」

議題視為提升全球資源匱乏趨勢下競爭力的 工具,以期提升資源使用效率,增加產品附 加價值,並達到刺激技術發展、創造就業及 提升民眾生活品質的綜合效益。

2008 年金融危機之後,歐盟開始積極 推動資源使用效率提升,做為振興區域經濟 的工具。 2011 年歐盟提出的「資源有效歐洲 路 徑 圖 」 (Roadmap to a Resource Efficient Europe) 中,以減少物質浪費及開拓循環型 商品市場為目標,訂定出以下 2020 年成效 目標。

.減少 20% 糧食生產的原物料投入,將食物 浪費量減半;

.透過資訊的提供推廣資源利用效率較佳的 商品及服務;

.建立提升企業資源使用效率之市場機制及 政策誘因;

.在 2050 年能達成原物料、能源、空氣、

水及土地資源的永續利用。

歐盟預估推動循環經濟可為歐盟企業節 省 60 兆歐元,使資源效率增加 30%,GDP 成長 1%,及創造 200 萬的工作機會。

2. 推動策略

歐 盟 2014 年 提 出「 邁 向 循 環 經 濟:

歐 洲 零 廢 棄 物 計 畫 」 (Towards a circular economy: A zero waste programme for Europe) 的通訊文件,內容更進一步訂定歐 洲循環經濟的目標,包括:

.監督會員國綠色公共採購達 50%。

.在 2030 年以前,都市廢棄物的重複再用 率及回收率至少提升至 70%,提升包裝廢 棄物的回收率至 80%。

. 2025 年以前,達成禁止掩埋可回收的廢棄 物,包括塑膠、金屬、玻璃、紙張及紙板 與可生物降解的物質。

. 2030 年,歐盟會員國需要在實質上消除掩 埋場。

儘管歐盟對於《循環經濟方案》寄予 厚望,但經過分析評估後,於 2015 年 2 月 將循環經濟方案與其他 72 個建議法案一併 撤除於歐盟 2015 年工作計畫,並宣布將於 2015 年底前提出更具野心的循環經濟規劃,

包括強化對於相關法令之間綜效,及於各國 實施方案可行性之探討。

四、台灣轉型循環經濟的思考

從上述案例中以看到各國轉型循環經濟 時,考量其環境、經濟及社會現況,進而反 映出策略上的差異。國外的案例提供很好的 策略規畫思維,如何因應國內產業發展方向 及社會現況,建構出適合台灣的循環經濟發 展模式,為國內政策制定者所需要思考的。

本研究後續將透過國內外現況的交叉分析,

嘗試歸納出適合我國的循環經濟發展方向,

並從政府及產業的角度,探討建構循環經濟 社會及商業模式的關鍵要素。

內容

• 生產及製造技術的提升與產品及包裝的再設計

• 考量自然資源的經濟價值

• 發展自然資源永續利用之科學知識

• 重視消費端,增加邁向循環的動機及改變消費行為

• 消彌影響循環經濟轉型的阻礙

• 以 2022 年將離開循環物質減半為目標

• 加強各部門的垃圾分類及收集,並發展廢棄物再利用的科技

• 塑造循環經濟中心,適量收集他國家的廢棄物

• 關注既有政策對國家循環的影響及其應對策略

• 檢討目前所推行的廢棄物管理政策

• 修正政策及市場阻礙的部份

• 建立明確、跨部門之一致性策略 策略

• 以經濟誘因促進循環行為

• 循環經濟模式之廣宣

• 透過稅制促進資源循環

• 設計循環經濟資金週轉的平台 促進生產上游永續性

永續消費

檢討現有的循環經濟政策

發展財政及市場的獎勵 加強廢棄物的分類收集與再利用

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台灣在邁向高齡化及少子化的趨勢下,外 籍人才的引進係促使國家經濟、社會結構順利轉 型的重要手段之一。因此藉由增進在台修讀學位 之外籍學生對台灣企業及其經營環境有更多的認 識與了解,將有助於吸引產業所需之優秀國際科 技菁英。財團法人中技社身為一非營利之公益法

人,於民國103年首度試辦「在台外籍研究生(含

大陸、港、澳地區)台灣企業參訪活動」。藉由 實際參訪我國優良企業之經營實況及雙向討論,

了解我國科技及綠色產業發展現況與前景,增進 在台優秀之外籍學生完成學業後留台貢獻所學之 意願,提供產業與在台優秀外籍學生交流管道,

協助企業網羅國際人才。

為逐年精進活動辦理成效,強化我國企業

與優秀外籍學生之互動。今(104)年度起,更

將申請資格擴大包括在台修讀博、碩士學位之僑 生,共計有來自17 國 18 地、16 校 46 系所之外 籍研究生共計72 人申請(包括碩士生 49 名、博

士生14名、交換生9名)。在兼顧申請者之國籍、

就讀學校及系所等之多樣性為原則之下,並參考 申請者之研究規劃、學業表現等項目遴選之後,

共計25 名獲選外籍研究生全程參加 104 年 7 月 2日(四)~4日(六)為期3天的企業參訪活動。

本次參訪活動共計拜訪位於台北市的中鼎 工 程 公 司(CTCI Corporation) 總 部、 位 於 桃 園市的研華科技公司(Advantech Co., Ltd.)桃 園 廠 與 立 凱 電 能 科 技 公 司(Advanced Lithium Electrochemistry, Aleees)車電事業部、以 BOT 模 式 經 營 苗 栗 縣 垃 圾 焚 化 廠(Miaoli County Refuse Incineration Plant) 的 裕 鼎 公 司、 以 及 位於台中市的漢翔航空工業公司(Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation, AIDC)總部 與銀泰科技公司(PMI Group)總部。

透過上述六家國內頂尖的科技及綠色廠商所 費心安排的企業介紹與說明,並帶領參訪學生參 觀企業設施與實際運作情況,不但使在台外籍學 子了解國內綠能產業發展現況與前景外,並深入 企業了解台灣科技的先進發展及管理模式。參訪 學生並可直接與各企業主管及員工對談、交流、

及提問,參加之學生莫不深感參訪機會難得、意 義非凡並受益良多。另外,於參訪行程中沿途亦 遊覽了清境農場、埔里酒廠及彰濱工業區玻璃館 等台灣特色景點,讓外籍學子充分感受到台灣的 自然與人文之美。以下摘錄本次活動外籍生對台 灣企業參訪的心得、建議,與大家分享。

◤企劃室鄭清宗主任.劉致峻副工程師

This visit was quite interesting and it was a good learning experience. In overall, I think that all the activities were carefully planned and executed. I congratulate the CTCI Foundation for the arrangement and making everything possible.

Excellent job! Thanks very much for the great opportunity that you gave me to learn more about high-tech companies and organizations, to meet new and awesome friends and to share with you all the great and fun memories. Please continue to plan and organize this activity in the future!

In addition, I make several suggestions for the future activity. First, I thought that many participants were on the search for job opportunities. It would have been better if they could have had a direct contact with the organization's personnel, in order to establish a connection for possible future job interviews.

Therefore, I suggest taking into consideration the reasons of each participant to join the activity.

Second, before the trip, if you already have the 羅士豪/Sergio José Rodríguez Méndez(交通 大學資訊科學與工程系博士班四年級,瓜地馬拉)

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list of companies to visit, you could send to the participants a brochure with their information, so that the participants can have a chance to read about each company, and it may be even better for participants to “select” options for possible companies to visit before the trip, which could help both parties interact much better.

I think this enterprise visit was a great success. It does not only bring international students from all parts of the world, but also enable them to interact peacefully. This peaceful interaction brought about cultural exchange and tolerance. We were all able to live peacefully; eat together, play together and exchange ideas while on the trip.

The enterprises we visited were remarkable, starting from Advantech with the brand mission as

“Enabling an intelligent planet”. They are doing an astonishing work in developing a smart city especially their intelligent building in the inspiration a smarter city. CTCI Corporation, the largest engineering, procurement and construction firm in Taiwan, is well known for its competence service and is definitely doing an amazing job in its field of expertise. Advanced Lithium Electrochemistry working toward developing solutions for lithium ferrous phosphate batteries and electric bus, and develop high quality, great price-performance ratio and long cycle-life of the LEF cathode materials.

All the others companies we visited have their uniqueness in their own fields and it was great to visit them all.

穆斯塔法/Mustapha Mbye(中興大學食品暨應 用生物科技系碩士班二年級,甘比亞)

I think this industrial visit has meant a lot for us. First, it provides opportunity for international graduate students who study in Taiwan to develop practical experiences and it also opens space for students to be involved in industry-based Andebet Gedamu Tamirat(台灣科大化學工程 系博士班三年級,衣索比亞)

I would like to try to describe my thoughts on this visiting tour. First of all, thank CTCI Foundation for choosing me to become part of this visiting tour and thank all the accompanied staffs for your kindness during the trip. This trip is very valued because it gives me so much experience that I could not possibly imagine before this trip. Lovely accommodation and field trip in the last day was great combination of business and joy; I could say it is a wonderful and memorable all-in-one visiting tour.

During our visiting, I saw lots of practical business which I do not have any chance to see in any courses at university. I saw how companies are operating and heard plenty information about them. This kind of tour where you have showed us all the best companies in their particular industry is an extraordinary experience, because I personally was never introduced in any similar company. Certain niches in which they are doing businesses are very interesting in this international economy because it gives them extra added value of profits to their products.

馬智文/Marko Novak(南台科大經營管理所博 士班一年級,克羅埃西亞)

research areas. Second, it allows students to get awareness about Taiwan high-tech industries and provides opportunity to make them part of the company. Third, it creates mutual ties between the companies, people and companies of other countries. Last but most, it provides a chance to share Taiwan's culture, food, working environment, etc.

The visit really helps us in our future careers by bringing a positive change in our thinking and practical behavior regarding industrial working environment, especially in the field of engineering in Taiwan. In addition, the staffs from the CTCI Foundation were very supportive to all students.

I am extremely thankful to all the accompanied staffs of the CTCI Foundation during this enterprise visit.

(13)

斯蒂芬妮/Stephany Molina(元智大學工業工 程與管理系碩士班二年級,宏都拉斯)

It has been few days already after the event passed and I am still amazed by the great opportunity CTCI Foundation gave to me. Not only in the professional aspects but also personal experiences shared with extraordinary people from all over the world. I would like to express my gratitude to the CTCI Foundation for all their support, organization and enthusiasm in this trip. Thank you for being open to foreigners and bringing to us a better understanding of the Taiwanese working environment and a better knowledge of the Taiwanese culture.

After spending 2 years in Taiwan, I must confess I didn't have the opportunity to know more about Taiwan from my local lab mates because they were always shy and barely tried to speak in English. As my Chinese is also bad, I can only know Taiwan from other foreigners whom were in the same position as me. Thank to the CTCI Foundation for providing us this opportunity to know more about Taiwanese companies, their processes and objectives.

The Taiwanese companies we visited were open to any question we had, and explained to us their processes giving to us a better understanding of their business, most of the companies are the current leader in their area of business. Highly qualified companies with all the standards of quality, such as ISO 9001, ISO 50001.

We went to Advantech, CTCI Corporation and Aleees; it is hard to select which one was my favorite, but I have to say that Aleees catches my attention because they are trying to improve and have a positive impact in our world, reducing the CO2 emissions from the environment and convert Taiwan into a country with environmental friendly transportation. We also visited BOT Incineration plant, Aerospace Corporation and PMI Group; my favorite from this batch was the Incineration plant, I was amazed by the amount of garbage they burn everyday (almost 500 tons per day), it could

I think this activity is not only give international students who studying in Taiwan an opportunity to visit famous Taiwan companies, and to gain more knowledge about Taiwan's working environment culture, practical experiences, but also provide students a good chance to form a professional network for their future career. I took part in this activity also with a purpose to learn more knowledge about practical working environment in Taiwan. Furthermore, there were 25 international students who are studying in Taiwan, from more than 10 different countries such as Vietnam, Indonesia, India, South Africa, Croatia… joined the visiting tour. Thus, I also have chances to discuss with other participants regarding to each country working opportunity and culture. In overall, the organizers provided a very useful and professional visiting tour, the participants were getting closer together, and a good professional network interaction between students and companies were settled. Thus, this kind of activity is very important and useful. I hope in the coming years, CTCI Foundation can widen the scale of this activity for more international students and more visiting days.

潘國興/Quoc Hung Phan(成功大學機械系博 士班三年級,越南)

be a good idea to manage the trash problem in a lot of countries. We also had an amazing time enjoying Taiwan country side and food with great people. Summarizing the trip as said at the beginning, it was marvelous!

As a graduate student from a Taiwan university and after spending 2 years in Taiwan, I thought that I had already seen it all but I am really glad to say that this time I was wrong. Thanks to the CTCI Foundation for give us this opportunity to know more about Taiwanese companies, their processes and objectives.

首先真的非常感謝中技社費心舉辦這麼有 趣又有益的活動,並且給予我機會能夠參與其 中。平日很少有機會可以結識這麼多各國的夥伴 許立(台灣大學化學系碩士班一年級,中國大陸)

(14)

I am grateful for having the chance to join 2015 Enterprise Visit for International Graduate Students. We visited 6 companies including Advantech Corporation, CTCI Corporation, Advanced Lithium Electrochemistry and so on.

It was the first time for me to visit Taiwanese companys with students from different countries.

Everything was so interesting and made me excited and looked forward to it.

The first company we visited was Advantech Corporation. They produce intelligent equipment and provide solution of intelligent building. I was amazed by their “Intelligent Energy Saving Space Design” and “Energy Management Information Visualization”. It can make our life much more convenient and comfortable and reduce the use of energy. I think it will be the trend of our future life to be. We need this kind of intelligent equipment to raise human living standard. Continuous improvement of technology is needed to meet the needs of different people and they will be sure to recruit more talented people into their group.

The second company is CTCI Corporation, the largest engineering, procurement and construction firm in Taiwan. This is a company with long history and prestige. We had a visit at the monitoring center with their staffs. I think this is an international company with comprehensive 黃星星(台灣大學環境工程所碩士班二年級,中 國大陸)

environmental health and safety system that I am quite interested in. I major in Environmental Engineering and Management, and I hope to have chance to join this corporation.

The other companies are also amazing, such as Aleees manufactures fantastic electrical buses, Miaoli County Refuse Incineration Plant operating in a business model of Build- Operate-Transfer benefits the government and local tourism. These are good companies for international students to work for after graduation.

Besides, there are most lovely people and most delicious food in Taiwan, and I think this is the best place to live and work in Asia.

First I would like to forward my profound and great appreciation and thanks to CTCI Foundation for such a wonderful and life changing experience. It really means so much to me that with such a huge number of applicants, you awarded me the opportunity to be part of this Enterprise visit for international graduate students.

I think the purpose of this trip was fully achieved, because participants' view on Taiwan's businesses and working environment was broadened. It has provided the participants with an opportunity to learn how the real business operates in Taiwan, and many questions they had about Taiwan business were answered during the discussions we had with the different managers, and visiting tours of Taiwan's high-tech companies and green enterprises made most of us understand the development and prospects of Taiwan's high-tech and green industries. So the valuable knowledge gained have indeed enhanced the willingness of a number of participants including myself to have their careers here in Taiwan.

The trip offered me a great opportunity to interact with different individuals from different 馬思齊/Mduduzi Sicelo Malambe(台灣大學農 業經濟系碩士班一年級,史瓦濟蘭)

一起同行,也不太有機會可以深入到企業實地 進行參訪,是非常棒的體驗。實地了解頂尖企業 的理念,並且看到了不少會讓人忍不住驚嘆的產 品,像是立凱電能科技的電動巴士和研華科技公 司的智能建築都讓我萬分的敬佩。活動中也認識

了非常多有趣的朋友,25 位團員各自來自十多

個國家,也非常特別,大家都好熱心開朗,短短 的三天朝夕相處,發生了許多有趣的事,對我來 說是一段很溫暖的記憶,讓彼此的分離顯得特別 不捨。最後再次謝謝中技社。

(15)

Being the Nepalese by nationality, I would like to say Taiwan has provided more than anything to the international graduates to know Taiwanese culture better in areas such as life style, religion and work cultures. I originally thought this camp would like other activities I joined before, just to visit the historic place and enjoy the scenery, but I was wrong. I would like to say this camp provides us to build our concept regarding industrialization. This 3 days camp provides bundle of knowledge. This camp provides us with better knowledge on the operation and the functioning of the Taiwanese companies. This is something awesome that no one has expected before. I get to know many things and ideas that I want to put this ideas into practice in coming days in my country.

Lastly, I would like to say CTCI Foundation has done a great work arranging visits to different companies, places and to enjoy the local food.

I appreciate all their hard work and strongly feel that CTCI Foundation can provide not only the camp but students can also find employment opportunity during this company visit.

薩武拉/Saurab Rauniyar(元智大學通訊工程 系碩士班二年級,尼泊爾)

陳彩進/Amran Chen(東海大學資訊工程系碩 士班一年級,印尼)

I got your invitation letter that you have chosen me to be with you on this trip. It was a great opportunity to have a chance like this and to be selected from a long list of foreign students.

I have been here in Taiwan for almost one year since September, 2014; but I never really been to such exciting journey. Thank you for giving me this opportunity

The visit for the companies was well organized. We had enough time in every company to explore them in depth and how everything works. The hosting companies tried explaining everything in detail for us and often request for more questions about what they do.

I had the opportunity to visit many companies from different perspectives; such as energy generation, renewable energy generation and Aerospace industry. Moreover, we had a chance to interact with different participants coming from different countries and different universities. This tour really expanded in multi-ways and I would like to recommend this to others international students who want to explore the technology and innovation side in Taiwan.

毛沙敏/Moustafa Emara(交通大學電子所碩士 班一年級,埃及)

Thank you very much for a truly wonderful vacation trip, an unforgettable experience within these three days. Through this enterprise visiting activity, I have gotten much knowledge about the companies and industrial operations such as the software and hardware utility, operation flow system, company management system, employee hiring requirement etc.

Besides, I have made new friends and visited new places during the course of the trip.

I felt so comfortable and satisfied with the great services provided by CTCI Foundation. I hope next year I will have the opportunity to participate in event organized by the CTCI Foundation.

learning institutions and different countries. And this really expanded the horizon of my network and helps me understand the diverse cultures of the world which is important as the world becomes more globalized each and every day.

I hope CTCI Foundation will continue availing this life changing opportunity to other international graduate students because these valuable hands- on learning occasions have proved not only lead to an increased love of learning but also a deeper understanding of what we learn in class and really enhance the willingness of international graduate students to pursuit their careers here in Taiwan.

It also provides participants with various vital lessons which they will definitely make full use back in their countries and greatly contribute to their development.

(16)

From 2nd July- 4th July, we had visited 6 companies organized by CTCI Foundation. Our primary interest was to meet companies to know about the flow of work and meet the managers in the companies and discuss about the future development about their products. Since many of us have no idea what Taiwan is capable of but CTCI Foundation paves the path for foreigners to know about Taiwanese technologies and industrial growth among world competition. I believe Taiwan needs more energetic new blood from different countries to make their research much better and becoming a pillar for ASIA in near future. Since there is no platform of such for foreigners to get jobs in Taiwan, I hope CTCI Foundation will be trend leader for any other organizations in Taiwan.

巴拉/Balakumar Muniandi(交通大學電機資訊 國際學程博士班二年級,印度)

郭春暉/Xuan Huy Quach(成功大學資訊工程 系碩士班二年級,越南)

首先,很榮幸可以參加這個活動,才讓我有 機會近距離接觸到這些台灣企業。在參訪這些企 業的過程中,通過簡報、短片以及參觀,我們可 以了解到關於這些企業的方方面面。其中,印象

最深刻的是苗栗竹南BOT 焚化廠,可能是因為

這是我比較熟悉的領域。在此之前,我也參觀過 一些在中國大陸的生活垃圾焚化廠。通過對比,

可以看出有些許的不同,但處理方法和過程基本

相似。值得一提的是,竹南BOT 焚化廠在氣味

密閉控制上做得出色,基本能保障到廠區內以及 周邊居民的嗅覺感受是良好的,這是其他焚化廠 難以做到的。

此外,我覺得這次活動更重要的作用是,

讓來自不同國家的外籍學生可以有一個很好的交 流機會,共同探討台灣企業與家鄉企業的差異,

以及在台的學習與生活狀況,這樣的機會真的很 難得。最後,我建議未來可以在晚上安排一些交 流活動,讓大家分享當天的收穫與感受,這樣可 以得到及時的回饋以及較完整的感想。也感謝中 技社的工作人員為舉辦這次活動所付出的所有努 力,並希望這類的活動可以持續舉辦下去,讓更 多外籍學生可以有機會享受這樣的體驗。

The first place we visited, Advantech's Intelligent Building which demonstrates state-of- art IOT solution was really exciting. My thesis topic has a lot of relationships with IOT and I think this is a good opportunity for me to looking for a job in Taiwan after graduation. Next enterprise, CTCI Corporation, is a great international engineering company with many huge projects. After that, we visited Advanced Lithium Electrochemistry that applied lithium battery technology to manufacture green transporter such as electric vehicles. We had the chance to try electric bus produced by the company and think this idea is necessary for human future.

In the second day of the trip, Miaoli County Refuse Incineration Plant generates electricity by feeding waste, which is very needed in my country, and if possible I hope that our government could transfer this technology in near future. In my opinion, the most interesting enterprise is Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation. It was first time that I could see the various components of aircraft and how they were manufactured. The last enterprise we visited is PMI Group. We visited the production line of their ball screws, linear guideway and mono stage.

Moreover, I had very comfortable and happy time during the trip with people coming from more than 10 countries. In my mind, there are lots of unforgettable memories including amazing QingJing Farm with highland fresh air, sheep shows and Mongolian Riding Horse shows, Puli Winery's Hong Er Jiu, Taiwan Glass Gallery's Hu Sheng Temple.

I think energy and pollution are big issues of modern life so that green technologies become more and more important. In this reason, I think this enterprise visiting trip can widen our mind to know how to apply green solutions for the whole society. I want to say thanks to CTCI Foundation for giving us the opportunity to visit above six enterprises, to meet new friends and taking care of us during the trip. I have got a lot of useful information of Taiwan's enterprise from this trip.

譚幸欣(台灣大學環境工程所碩士班一年級,中 國大陸)

(17)

Bruno Martínez Bargiela(台灣師範大學電機系 / Telecommunications, University of Vigo 碩士 班交換生,西班牙)

There are six companies we visited. The first company, Advantech, was the most amazing as it is closely related to my thesis topic on intelligent robots. For that I would like work in a company of such. Another company which caught my eyes is Advanced Lithium Electrochemistry Company.

Although Aleees is not a big company, but it is environmental friendly, making electric bus which can run more than 90 kilometers without charging.

Apart from this, we also visit Miaoli County Refuse Incineration Plant, CTCI Corporation, Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation and PMI Group. Moreover, we visited several famous tourism spots in our last day and it was a wonderful experience. Finally, I would like say thanks for everything because it was an amazing opportunity to show the professional field from the other side. Now, I really want to come back to work in Taiwan.

I would like to appreciate the CTCI Foundation gave me the chance to join this program. During the trip we had visited six excellent companies including Advantech, CTCI Corporation, Advanced Lithium Electrochemistry, Miaoli County Incineration Plant, PMI Group and AIDC. I could say that the objective of the high- tech companies in Taiwan is not only pursuing profit but also providing people a better future.

Besides that, the outside camping trip on the last day to the traditional and modern tourism attractions really impressed me, such as the Qingjing Farm, Puli Winery, Lugang Mazu Glass Temple and Taiwan Glass Gallery. I hope I will have the other chances to participate in similar events organized by CTCI Foundation. I also hope more and more international students can join this program and get to know the Taiwanese culture and high-tech industries.

陳有科/Huu Khoa Tran(南台科大機械工程系 博士班三年級,越南)

達娃珂/Davaakhuu Dalai(聯合大學經營管理 所雙聯學制碩士班二年級,蒙古)

首先,非常感謝中技社給了我們這個難得的 機會參訪了台灣非常出色的六家企業,也感謝籌 辦單位精心挑選的餐飲、食宿,以及最後一天帶 我們領略了台灣的風光。在短短三天中,讓我有 機會認識了來自多個國家的朋友,這是一個非常 呂行(台灣大學建築與城鄉所碩士班二年級,中 國大陸)

First of all, I want to express my appreciation to CTCI Foundation for arranging this wonderful activity. It is really a nice opportunity to know Taiwan's famous companies and explore their know-how in depth. During this 3 days tour, I get to know a lot of international friends and have a great chance to share culture with them.

All the companies we visited are well-known and specialized in their own expertise. All of them have shown professionalism by dedicating themselves in developing advanced technology and unique working environment. I was really impressed by Miaoli Country Refuse Incineration Plant. It is one of the most ecologically friendly incineration plants in Taiwan. They not only generate electricity by processing garbage, but also dedicate themselves to conserve ecological system, such as butterfly…and so on.

In addition, Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation (AIDC) was the other company catching my attention. It seems to play a pivotal role in Aerospace industry no matter domestically or internationally. Unfortunately, because their company policy, they have no intention to hire foreign employees. As for the Advantech Co., Ltd, they provide different IOT solutions and make sure their customers are 100% satisfied. That is really impressive!

After this trip, not only do I understand more about Taiwanese industries and also really want to develop my career in Taiwan. It is really a good experience. Thanks so much CTCI Foundation.

(18)

張國用/Adam Sulistio(台灣科大營建工程系碩 士班二年級,印尼)

This Taiwan's High-Tech companies visiting tour was organized by the CTCI Foundation. All the companies which we visited playing a great role for the development of Taiwan's economic.

During this trip, I learned how the real business operates and had face to face discussion with Daniel Manaye Kabtamu(台灣科大材料科學 與工程系博士班一年級,衣索匹亞)

The 2015 enterprise visiting for international graduate students organized by CTCI Foundation gave me the most precious experiences.

Gathering participant from more than ten different countries created a pleasant atmosphere for being a part of the selected participants. Especially, the participants had the worth opportunities to visit awesome industries. Every company welcomed and gave positive responses to us. This annual program is useful for us because it introduced industrial management in different sectors.

The managerial knowledge was introduced by Advantech, CTCI Corporation, Advanced Lithium Electrochemistry, Miaoli County Refuse Incineration Plant, Aerospace Industrial Development Corporation, and PMI group. Not only theoretical but also practical knowledge were revealed to us. The last day is the most enjoyable moment. All participants watched the attraction in the Qingjing Farm and saw the beautiful glass gallery. We took many photos and shared our study experiences in Taiwan with each other,

The program was very well organized by the CTCI Foundation staffs in all aspects, including

First of all, I would like to thank the CTCI Foundation for this amazing experience. I was very lucky to be able to join this amazing event.

The first amazing thing was the companies we visited. Before I joined this trip, I only knew about ASUS, ACER or some other Taiwanese big companies. But in this trip I just learned that there are so many other companies that are as big and as good as them. I haven't heard of some of them because they specialize in their markets, and actually have a great market share in the world. During the trip, CTCI Foundation not only provide us with good accommodation, but also take responsibility to interpret for companies that did not prepare English presentation which really helped us to get involved.

After joining the CTCI Foundation 2015 Enterprise Visit, I had a new perspective about Taiwan. There are so many big companies that are very well known worldwide and have branch offices throughout the whole world. Taiwan is very well known for its advanced development in Science and Technology. I would consider about working or getting a Ph.D degree in Taiwan after graduation, and maybe stay in Taiwan for more than 5 or 7 years onwards. Thank you, CTCI Foundation.

Vuri Ayu Setyowati(台灣科大材料科學與工程 系碩士班二年級,印尼)

難得的跨文化交流的平台。所以覺得很珍惜這個 機會。大家也都很友善,熱情。

活動的行程非常豐富,企業參訪收穫很多,

其中也參觀了一些平常沒有機會了解的廠商。例

如以垃圾焚燒並回收發電的苗栗縣BOT 垃圾焚

化廠以及屬於航太工業的漢翔航空公司等。但稍 微覺得遺憾的是,參訪的時間有點緊湊,在一天 必須拜訪三間企業的壓力下,有時候對於企業的 參觀比較倉促,不能非常深入的瞭解。另外,也 希望未來參訪的企業類型可以更加多元。

整體而言,個人非常滿意此次參訪,也看 到台灣企業非常出色的一面,同時體會到台灣人 民的熱情和貼心。再次感謝主辦單位,收穫頗 豐!

transportation, hotel, food, and attractions. Special thanks to the staffs of CTCI Foundation for their consideration for Muslim participants. Thank CTCI Foundation for the wonderful opportunity to organize this program in my remaining time in Taiwan. This was the best experience for me.

(19)

洪嘉怡(台灣大學化學工程系碩士班一年級,馬 來西亞)

First of all, I have to say that the enterprise visiting trip organized by CTCI Foundation is the greatest trip that I have ever joined in Taiwan even in Vietnam. Everything of the trip is still in my mind from that day.

Deep in my heart, I would like to thank CTCI Foundation to give me this chance to visit CTCI Corporation, Advantech, Aleees, Miaoli Incineration Plant, AIDC, and PMI Group. All of those companies are awesome and give me practical experience of how real businesses work. It also gave me a great opportunity to meet so many people from different background.

Once again, I greatly appreciate staffs of CTCI Foundation. In addition, I hope the foundation can organize more similar activities.

黃進達/Tien Dat Hoang(交通大學機械工程系 碩士班二年級,越南)

三天兩夜的企業參訪,圓滿結束。在這幾天 的行程裡,謝謝中技社的安排與照顧。經過這三 天的旅程,收穫甚多,除了對台灣企業更加了解,

也認識了好多來自十多個不同的國家的新朋友,

這的確是個難得的經驗。

參訪第一天,我們首先拜訪了研華科技智能 建築園區,這建築物集合了能源管理與智能情境 空間管理這兩項技術,也是研華科技致力發展的 未來趨勢,透過這建築物作示範,以作出技術的 改進。我們參觀了這棟智能建築的中控室,確實 挺酷炫,全是螢幕觸控式的界面,及時更新當下 的狀態,使到建築物能感受到環境變化而做出調 整。而緊接著的中鼎工程公司,是台灣最大的工 程公司,涉及煉油、石化、化工等業務。聽完他 們R&D 部門組長的介紹,建立一間工廠,先從

工廠的規劃與設計開始,透過3D 模擬系統繪畫

呈現給客戶,目前已經到了4D 的技術,搭配時

間呈現整個工程的耗時與進度。最後,拜訪了台 灣立凱電能科技,除了解動力鋰電池材料與電動 車輛整體解決方案之外,我們也參觀了他們的實 驗室,主要針對鋰電池的各項安全檢測以確保在 最惡劣的環境下將鋰電池的危險性降到最低。太 魯閣客運便是採用了台灣立凱電能科技所開發的 鋰電池作為能源,是全世界首輛以全電動營運的 公車,我們也坐上了這款電動公車及時體驗。

第二天,則去位於苗栗縣、台灣第一間將周

圍環境納入規劃與設計而成的垃圾焚化廠。焚化 場周圍非常乾淨且無任何異味,和想像中的焚化 廠落差極大。我們參觀了廠內垃圾進料中控室,

透過機械手臂將垃圾收集到焚化爐內,灰渣再運 至掩埋場掩埋,廢氣也經過處理再對外排放。接 著拜訪位於台中的漢翔航空,並得知漢翔航空與 波音等國際大廠亦有合作生產許多重要的航空零 件,讓我大開眼界。接著參訪了最後一家銀泰科 技,該公司生產的滾珠導螺桿是很多機械器材裡

都必須用到的零件,iPhone 上多個孔洞,都要

靠滾珠螺桿跟線性滑軌來精準定位鑽孔,負責 人帶我們到廠裡參觀了滾珠導螺桿的整個製程過 程,從小到大任何尺寸都有。

兩天的企業參訪,讓我對於台灣企業有更深 入的了解,是個難得的經驗,畢竟平常在學校裡 沒有機會對外接觸。除了對於公司的背景歷史認 識,如果能進一步得知有關職業的規畫也不錯,

例如該公司對於外籍學生的政策或是一些實習的 機會。最後,謝謝中技社提供我們這個機會參 與,在參訪的最後一天帶我們去參觀了台灣一些 旅遊景點,所有住宿、餐點的安排都非常貼心,

希望以後還有機會能再次參加中技社的活動,謝 謝。

managers, and it also provided opportunity for international graduate students who study in Taiwan to share practical experience. In addition, I would like to appreciate the staffs from the CTCI Foundation. They were very supportive and managed perfectly to all students. And I am extremely thankful to all graduate students from different universities and countries. To sum up, the visit really helps us in our future practical life and bring a positive change in our thinking and practical behavior regarding industrial working environment especially in the field of Engineering in Taiwan.

(20)

能源技術發展中心郭博堯組長

依據國際能源總署估計,2012 年全球各種

發電方式裝置容量及占比如表1 所示,其中化石

燃料發電裝置容量合計占比達65%,核能發電占

7%,再生能源占 28%,而上述再生能源中的水力 發電、生質能及廢棄物發電、風力發電及太陽光 電各占19%、2%、5% 及 2%;所以全球再生能源

發電裝置容量仍以水力為主,風力發電及太陽光 電裝置容量合計僅為化石燃料發電裝置容量的十 分之一。如果以發電量來比較,則化石燃料發電

量合計占比達68%,核能發電占 11%,再生能源

占21%,其中風力發電及太陽光電發電量占比合

計只為化石燃料發電量的4%。也因此,現今再生

能源發電占全球總電力供給比重尚屬偏低。

再生能源以自產為主,且為不排放溫室氣體 的潔淨能源,在各國面臨能源供應要兼顧能源安 全與溫室氣體排放減量的壓力下,全球再生能源 的發展受到重視,其中以風力發電、太陽光電及 水力為主要項目。另一方面,風力發電成本原本 已較低,加上太陽光電發電成本持續下跌,創造 再生能源成本上的競爭空間,尤其在電價較高的 國家;例如德國太陽光電FiT 費率在 2015 年已 較2005 年水準下跌 80%,而德國家戶和工業電 價卻持續上漲,所以雖然德國太陽光電費率仍高 於台灣的電價,但已明顯低於德國的家戶電價,

甚至將低於德國的工業電價,如圖1 所示。

歷年聯合國氣候變化綱要公約會員國大會,

持續推動全球合作減少人為溫室氣體排放,目前 全球各主要國家正陸續提出其溫室氣體減量目標 規劃,以求在2015 年底的巴黎 COP21 會議中,

擘劃出避免地球暖化及氣候變遷加劇的新藍圖。

一、國際再生能源發展現況與展望

二、台灣電力供應情勢及再生能源推廣 目標之演進

三、再生能源發電擴大後應關注之技術 及市場趨勢─以太陽光電配合儲能 系統為例

當全球和台灣持續提高再生能源發電占比 時,必面臨再生能源供應特性所帶來的挑戰,即 台灣過去二十年間電力需求成長快速,按 2014 年台灣電力系統裝置容量統計,化石燃料 占比達75.6%,核能發電占 10.6%,再生能源中 的水力發電、生質能及廢棄物發電、風力發電及 太陽光電只各占4.3%、1.4%、1.3% 及 1.3%。

政府於2009 年 7 月 8 日公告實施 「再生

能源發展條例」,獎勵再生能源裝置容量6,500

至10,000 MW 後,展開再生能源推廣的新頁。

2010 年 8 月,經濟部提出台灣中長期再生能源

推廣目標,規劃至2030 年再生能源發電裝置容

量達10,858MW,其中風電要累計達 3,156MW,

太陽光電則達2,500MW。2011 年 11 月,因應 日本福島核能事故後的新情勢,提出新能源政

策並重新規劃再生能源推廣目標,2030 年裝置

容量擴大至12,502MW;在風力發電部分,政

府提出「千架海陸風力機」計畫,2030 年風電

達4,200MW;在太陽光電部分,提出「陽光屋

頂百萬座」計畫,推動太陽光電於2030 年達

3,100MW。至 2014 年 1 月, 2030 年台灣再生

能源總裝置容量目標再度調高為13,750MW。且

為反映太陽光電成本持續大幅降低所創造的優 勢,大幅提高太陽光電於2030 年達 6,200MW。

2015 年 5 月,台灣再生能源總裝置容量目標再 度提高為2030 年至 17,250MW,使再生能源占

全國電力系統裝置容量約26%。過去幾年政府數

度調整的再生能源目標量,彙整如表2 所示。

而各國要能達成減量目標,除要讓經濟成長與 能源需求成長脫勾,更重要的是要讓能源碳密 集度降低,其中大幅提高再生能源已成為全球

的首選。因此,國際能源總署在其2014 年世界

能源展望報告中,推估2040 年全球再生能源發

電裝置容量將成長至目前的3~4 倍,其中風力

發電及太陽光電裝置容量合計將成長至目前的 6~9 倍。

表1 全球 2012 年各種發電燃料別裝置容量及占比

合計 天然氣 核能 再生能源

裝置容量(GW) 5683 1805 1462 442 394 1581

裝置容量占比(%) 100% 31.8% 25.7% 7.8% 6.9% 27.8%

發電量(TWh) 22721 9204 5104 1144 2461 4808

發電量比(%) 100% 41% 22% 5% 11% 21%

數據

圖 1  德國近年再生能源發電費率、德國電價及台灣          電價之比較

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