第五章 結論與建議
第三節 建議
壹、對特殊幼兒發展心理學研究的建議
（一）幼兒的主觀偵測，在本研究的三組相關性模型中都佔有一 席之地。今後的研究可從此能力（或傾向）入手，探尋自閉症幼兒在 上述三類能力中存在缺陷的原因。同時也可以有更多研究，瞭解主觀 偵測這項能力本身在自閉症幼兒身上的表現為何。
（二）認為自閉症幼兒、一般幼兒在共同注意力、依附關係、同 理心的發展中，各因素所占比重可能不同。所以建議今後對於自閉症 幼兒共同注意力、依附關係、同理心發展歷程的研究，可以詴圖探究 其中各類因素的占比、作用，以及與一般幼兒的異同。例如，氣質、
智力等因素，都有可能影響這些能力的發展，本研究未予以討論，未 來可以進行探索。
贰、對學齡前家長育兒的建議
（一）通過本研究發現的相關性以及討論，認為母親如果能在與 幼兒的互動中能多努力去體察幼兒的主觀感受，針對其主觀感受給予 恰當地回應和溫柔地照顧，對幼兒後續同理心等社會能力大有裨益。
同樣地，母親若能經常花費一些時間與幼兒展開帶有互動、帶有共同 目的之玩耍，也能對其發展有所幫助。
（二）通過文獻探討以及本研究發現的一般和特殊幼兒的能力差 異，認為自閉症幼兒雖然在早期的鑒定上有一定困難，但仍可能在一 些本研究中涉及的具體行為表現上存在特徵，例如：媽媽較難引領他 注意一樣玩具、他很少指東西給媽媽看、他對媽媽的親近行為做出較 多抗拒哭鬧。。。母親若能在早期注意到這些問題，可能會更有助於 較早發現特殊幼兒，較早接受特教專業人士幫助。幼兒園也可組織幼 兒家長參與這類有關特殊幼兒早期行為表現的學習，幫助廣大家長認 識自閉症，也可協助找出年齡較小的可能的自閉症幼兒。
叁、對未來研究工具的建議
（一）本研究所編製的共同注意力問卷，雖然不及實驗室情境中 的觀察評量準確嚴謹，但也是一份簡便易用的工具，適合其他研究者 用它對幼兒的共同注意力能力進行初步評量，又或是在大量一般幼兒 中篩選出可能存在的特殊幼兒。另外，家長填寫此問卷亦十分簡便，
適合與其他調查問卷類的工具同時使用，可更全面瞭解幼兒的能力。
（二）在本研究文獻探討，以及對問卷的實際運用中發現，若要
評量幼兒的同理心能力，應謹慎使用“錯誤信念題”等問答形式的評 量，原因是這樣的評量方式可能更著重在幼兒的語文理解能力。相反 地，應該更多使用貼近幼兒生活實際的評量方式，甚至可以發動班級 老師和同儕參與評量，以更真實地瞭解幼兒的同理心狀況。
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