第 7 章 結論與建議
第二節 建議
7-2-1. 對於政府主管機關之建議
本癌症成本分析中各個癌症迥異的結果能夠使政府主管機關了解我國多數癌 症經濟負擔之現況，除了用於治療癌症之直接醫療成本，也提供了全民健保觀點 以外的社會生產力損失成本，以利未來政府決策者安排資源分配時優先順序之評 估，讓有限的醫療資源達到最大化的使用。
此外，根據本研究之分析結果，在診斷時即發生腫瘤轉移的晚期癌症病患，
與早期診斷的癌症病患相比，將會顯著增加癌症的疾病負擔總和，顯示及早發現 癌症將有助於減少疾病成本。目前我國衛生福利部國民健康署已推動乳癌、子宮 頸癌、口腔癌、大腸癌等四大癌症篩檢計畫，建議持續推動更多癌症篩檢計畫，
以降低癌症造成之經濟負擔。
本研究結果亦反映衛生福利部中央健康保險署目前於各個癌症之醫療給付費 用，並對藥品的給付費用做更詳細的分析。許多癌症如食道癌、口腔癌等，並沒 有太多有效的抗癌藥品可供治療，但造成的間接成本卻十分龐大，顯示在癌症的 治療上仍有未滿足之醫療需求。
7-2-2. 對於臨床工作者之建議
本研究之分析結果與過去國外文獻結論相同，在年長者的直接醫療費用是顯 著較低的，主要因為目前對於年長者一般比較不會採取積極的治療方式，在病患 年齡較大的癌症，如前列腺癌等，其直接醫療成本也較其他癌症更低，顯示目前 老年癌症病患是相對獲得較少醫療資源的一群，因此在癌症的治療照護上更需要 受到關注。
doi:10.6342/NTU201901297
83
7-2-3. 對於後續研究者之建議
本研究揭示藥品費用在部分癌症，如肺癌、血液腫瘤疾病、女性乳癌等，占 整體醫療費用中很高的比例，尤其抗癌藥品的費用隨著各癌症治療的特性而有所 差異，近年來更多標靶治療藥物、甚至免疫療法藥物的發展，使抗癌藥品帶來的 財政負擔更加巨大，因而值得更多針對各個癌症或特定類別抗癌藥品的後續研 究，以提供更為詳盡的成本分析，並且在單一癌症中亦可針對不同細胞型態做更 細緻的分類進行分析，例如肺癌中可分為小細胞肺癌及非小細胞肺癌(腺癌、鱗狀 細胞、大細胞癌等)，即使屬於同一癌症仍可能因細胞型態的差異而有不同的治療 選擇，如標靶藥物的給付規範不同等，因此分類後可提供更為精準的疾病負擔。
本研究之研究對象未納入 20 歲以下之癌症患者，其癌症的治療選項與對社 會生產力之影響與成年癌症患者並不相同，因此其癌症疾病負擔應另外探討，未 來研究方向可針對這類較年輕的癌症患者進行研究，尤其在白血病、女性乳癌等 發病年齡有年輕化趨勢的癌症更值得關注。
此外，本研究使用全民健保資料庫分析直接醫療成本，因此無法涵蓋病患自 費的醫療費用，也無法取得病患因罹病或接受治療後實際損失的長期照護費用、
家人陪同者之生產力成本、生活品質等資訊，亦值得未來研究採取其他研究方法 進行更深入的探討。
doi:10.6342/NTU201901297
84
附錄
附錄一、各年度之平均薪資 (單位：新台幣)
Year Age
15~24 25~44 45~64 65+
Male
2007 23,843 37,976 44,435 34,452
2008 22,835 38,217 45,527 42,215
2009 20,608 36,547 43,871 29,839
2010 21,441 37,143 44,249 30,512
2011 21,359 37,919 43,827 38,675
2012 22,374 37,935 44,173 38,598
2013 22,796 37,931 44,476 31,638
2014 23,528 38,050 44,472 37,107
2015 24,511 38,325 44,854 34,729
2016 25,214 39,017 45,315 35,363
2017 25,717 40,270 45,380 37,211
Female
2007 22,900 30,567 31,175 15,726
2008 21,856 30,696 32,242 20,055
2009 20,649 29,946 31,639 17,504
2010 20,796 30,885 32,238 21,695
2011 21,264 31,485 33,291 22,402
2012 22,481 31,711 33,957 22,134
2013 23,159 32,372 33,468 19,487
2014 23,608 33,068 34,085 20,708
2015 23,561 33,298 35,992 23,091
2016 24,998 33,905 36,339 24,399
2017 25,738 34,470 36,300 25,614
附錄二、各年度之平均勞動力參與率
Year Age
15~24 25~44 45~64 65+
2007 0.3110 0.8341 0.6055 0.0813
2008 0.3017 0.8381 0.6083 0.0810
2009 0.2862 0.8419 0.6025 0.0805
2010 0.2878 0.8472 0.6031 0.0809
2011 0.2856 0.8556 0.6036 0.0793
2012 0.2908 0.8633 0.6048 0.0810
2013 0.2958 0.8664 0.6073 0.0834
2014 0.2936 0.8685 0.6165 0.0868
2015 0.3024 0.8740 0.6189 0.0878
2016 0.3137 0.8782 0.6242 0.0861
2017 0.3268 0.8826 0.6282 0.0858
doi:10.6342/NTU201901297
85
附錄三、各年度之平均餘命 (單位：年)
Age 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Male
0 75.5 75.6 76.0 76.1 76.0 76.4 76.9 76.7 77.0 76.8 77.3 1 74.9 75.0 75.4 75.5 75.3 75.8 76.2 76.0 76.3 76.1 76.6 2 73.9 74.0 74.4 74.5 74.4 74.8 75.3 75.1 75.4 75.1 75.6 3 73.0 73.1 73.4 73.6 73.4 73.8 74.3 74.1 74.4 74.2 74.6 4 72.0 72.1 72.5 72.6 72.4 72.8 73.3 73.1 73.4 73.2 73.6 5 71.0 71.1 71.5 71.6 71.4 71.9 72.3 72.1 72.4 72.2 72.6 6 70.0 70.1 70.5 70.6 70.4 70.9 71.3 71.1 71.4 71.2 71.7 7 69.0 69.1 69.5 69.6 69.4 69.9 70.3 70.1 70.4 70.2 70.7 8 68.0 68.1 68.5 68.6 68.5 68.9 69.3 69.1 69.5 69.2 69.7 9 67.0 67.1 67.5 67.6 67.5 67.9 68.3 68.2 68.5 68.2 68.7 10 66.0 66.1 66.5 66.6 66.5 66.9 67.3 67.2 67.5 67.2 67.7 11 65.1 65.2 65.5 65.7 65.5 65.9 66.4 66.2 66.5 66.2 66.7 12 64.1 64.2 64.6 64.7 64.5 64.9 65.4 65.2 65.5 65.3 65.7 13 63.1 63.2 63.6 63.7 63.5 63.9 64.4 64.2 64.5 64.3 64.7 14 62.1 62.2 62.6 62.7 62.5 62.9 63.4 63.2 63.5 63.3 63.7 15 61.1 61.2 61.6 61.7 61.5 62.0 62.4 62.2 62.5 62.3 62.7 16 60.1 60.2 60.6 60.7 60.5 61.0 61.4 61.2 61.5 61.3 61.8 17 59.2 59.3 59.6 59.8 59.6 60.0 60.4 60.3 60.6 60.3 60.8 18 58.2 58.3 58.7 58.8 58.6 59.0 59.5 59.3 59.6 59.4 59.8 19 57.2 57.3 57.7 57.8 57.6 58.1 58.5 58.3 58.6 58.4 58.8 20 56.3 56.4 56.7 56.9 56.7 57.1 57.5 57.4 57.7 57.4 57.9 21 55.3 55.4 55.8 55.9 55.7 56.1 56.6 56.4 56.7 56.5 56.9 22 54.3 54.4 54.8 54.9 54.7 55.2 55.6 55.4 55.7 55.5 55.9 23 53.4 53.5 53.9 54.0 53.8 54.2 54.6 54.5 54.8 54.5 55.0 24 52.4 52.5 52.9 53.0 52.8 53.2 53.7 53.5 53.8 53.6 54.0 25 51.5 51.6 51.9 52.0 51.9 52.3 52.7 52.5 52.8 52.6 53.0 26 50.5 50.6 51.0 51.1 50.9 51.3 51.7 51.6 51.9 51.7 52.1 27 49.6 49.7 50.0 50.1 50.0 50.4 50.8 50.6 50.9 50.7 51.1 28 48.6 48.7 49.1 49.2 49.0 49.4 49.8 49.6 49.9 49.7 50.1 29 47.7 47.7 48.1 48.2 48.0 48.4 48.9 48.7 49.0 48.8 49.2 30 46.7 46.8 47.2 47.3 47.1 47.5 47.9 47.7 48.0 47.8 48.2 31 45.8 45.9 46.2 46.3 46.1 46.5 46.9 46.7 47.0 46.8 47.2 32 44.9 44.9 45.3 45.4 45.2 45.6 46.0 45.8 46.1 45.9 46.3 33 43.9 44.0 44.4 44.4 44.3 44.7 45.0 44.8 45.1 45.0 45.3 34 43.0 43.1 43.4 43.5 43.3 43.7 44.1 43.9 44.2 44.0 44.4 35 42.1 42.2 42.5 42.6 42.4 42.8 43.2 43.0 43.3 43.1 43.4 36 41.2 41.2 41.6 41.7 41.5 41.9 42.2 42.0 42.3 42.1 42.5 37 40.3 40.3 40.7 40.7 40.6 40.9 41.3 41.1 41.4 41.2 41.6 38 39.4 39.4 39.8 39.8 39.7 40.0 40.4 40.2 40.5 40.3 40.6
doi:10.6342/NTU201901297
86
附錄三、各年度之平均餘命 (單位：年) (續)
Age 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Male
39 38.5 38.5 38.9 38.9 38.8 39.1 39.5 39.3 39.6 39.4 39.7 40 37.6 37.6 38.0 38.0 37.9 38.2 38.6 38.4 38.7 38.5 38.8 41 36.7 36.8 37.1 37.1 37.0 37.3 37.7 37.5 37.8 37.6 37.9 42 35.9 35.9 36.2 36.3 36.1 36.5 36.8 36.6 36.9 36.7 37.0 43 35.0 35.0 35.4 35.4 35.2 35.6 35.9 35.7 36.0 35.8 36.1 44 34.1 34.2 34.5 34.5 34.4 34.7 35.0 34.9 35.1 34.9 35.2 45 33.3 33.3 33.6 33.7 33.5 33.9 34.2 34.0 34.2 34.0 34.4 46 32.4 32.5 32.8 32.8 32.7 33.0 33.3 33.1 33.4 33.2 33.5 47 31.6 31.6 31.9 31.9 31.8 32.2 32.4 32.3 32.5 32.3 32.6 48 30.7 30.8 31.1 31.1 31.0 31.3 31.6 31.4 31.7 31.5 31.8 49 29.9 29.9 30.3 30.3 30.1 30.5 30.8 30.6 30.8 30.6 30.9 50 29.1 29.1 29.4 29.4 29.3 29.6 29.9 29.8 30.0 29.8 30.1 51 28.2 28.3 28.6 28.6 28.5 28.8 29.1 28.9 29.2 29.0 29.2 52 27.4 27.4 27.8 27.8 27.6 28.0 28.3 28.1 28.3 28.1 28.4 53 26.6 26.6 26.9 26.9 26.8 27.2 27.5 27.3 27.5 27.3 27.6 54 25.8 25.8 26.1 26.1 26.0 26.3 26.6 26.5 26.7 26.5 26.8 55 25.0 25.0 25.3 25.3 25.2 25.5 25.8 25.7 25.9 25.7 26.0 56 24.2 24.2 24.5 24.5 24.4 24.7 25.0 24.9 25.1 24.9 25.2 57 23.4 23.4 23.7 23.7 23.6 23.9 24.2 24.1 24.3 24.1 24.4 58 22.6 22.6 23.0 22.9 22.8 23.1 23.4 23.3 23.5 23.3 23.6 59 21.8 21.9 22.2 22.2 22.0 22.3 22.6 22.5 22.7 22.6 22.8 60 21.1 21.1 21.4 21.4 21.3 21.6 21.9 21.7 21.9 21.8 22.0 61 20.3 20.3 20.6 20.6 20.5 20.8 21.1 20.9 21.2 21.0 21.3 62 19.6 19.6 19.9 19.9 19.7 20.0 20.3 20.2 20.4 20.3 20.5 63 18.8 18.9 19.1 19.1 19.0 19.2 19.6 19.4 19.6 19.5 19.7 64 18.1 18.1 18.4 18.4 18.2 18.5 18.8 18.6 18.9 18.8 19.0 65 17.4 17.4 17.7 17.6 17.5 17.8 18.1 17.9 18.1 18.0 18.2 66 16.7 16.7 17.0 16.9 16.8 17.0 17.4 17.2 17.4 17.3 17.5 67 16.0 16.0 16.3 16.2 16.1 16.3 16.7 16.5 16.7 16.6 16.8 68 15.4 15.3 15.6 15.5 15.4 15.6 16.0 15.8 16.0 15.8 16.0 69 14.7 14.7 14.9 14.9 14.7 15.0 15.3 15.1 15.3 15.2 15.3 70 14.1 14.0 14.3 14.2 14.1 14.3 14.6 14.4 14.6 14.5 14.7 71 13.5 13.4 13.7 13.6 13.4 13.6 13.9 13.8 14.0 13.8 14.0 72 12.9 12.8 13.0 12.9 12.8 13.0 13.3 13.1 13.3 13.2 13.3 73 12.3 12.2 12.5 12.3 12.2 12.4 12.7 12.5 12.7 12.6 12.7 74 11.7 11.7 11.9 11.8 11.6 11.8 12.1 11.9 12.1 11.9 12.1 75 11.2 11.1 11.3 11.2 11.0 11.2 11.5 11.3 11.5 11.4 11.5 76 10.7 10.6 10.8 10.6 10.5 10.7 11.0 10.7 10.9 10.8 10.9 77 10.1 10.1 10.2 10.1 10.0 10.1 10.4 10.2 10.4 10.2 10.3
doi:10.6342/NTU201901297
87
附錄三、各年度之平均餘命(單位：年) (續)
Age 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Male
78 9.7 9.5 9.7 9.6 9.5 9.6 9.9 9.7 9.9 9.7 9.8
79 9.2 9.1 9.3 9.1 9.0 9.1 9.4 9.2 9.3 9.1 9.3
80 8.7 8.6 8.8 8.7 8.5 8.7 8.9 8.7 8.8 8.6 8.7
81 8.3 8.2 8.3 8.2 8.1 8.2 8.4 8.2 8.4 8.1 8.2
82 7.9 7.7 7.9 7.8 7.7 7.8 8.0 7.7 7.9 7.7 7.7
83 7.5 7.3 7.5 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.3 7.5 7.2 7.3
84 7.1 6.9 7.1 7.0 6.9 7.0 7.1 6.9 7.1 6.7 6.8
85+ 6.8 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.6 6.7 6.7 6.5 6.7 6.3 6.3
Female
0 81.7 81.9 82.3 82.5 82.6 82.8 83.4 83.2 83.6 83.4 83.7 1 81.1 81.3 81.7 81.9 82.0 82.1 82.7 82.5 82.9 82.7 83.0 2 80.1 80.4 80.7 80.9 81.0 81.1 81.7 81.5 82.0 81.8 82.0 3 79.2 79.4 79.7 79.9 80.0 80.2 80.7 80.5 81.0 80.8 81.0 4 78.2 78.4 78.8 78.9 79.1 79.2 79.7 79.5 80.0 79.8 80.1 5 77.2 77.4 77.8 78.0 78.1 78.2 78.7 78.5 79.0 78.8 79.1 6 76.2 76.4 76.8 77.0 77.1 77.2 77.7 77.5 78.0 77.8 78.1 7 75.2 75.4 75.8 76.0 76.1 76.2 76.7 76.5 77.0 76.8 77.1 8 74.2 74.5 74.8 75.0 75.1 75.2 75.8 75.6 76.0 75.8 76.1 9 73.2 73.5 73.8 74.0 74.1 74.2 74.8 74.6 75.0 74.8 75.1 10 72.2 72.5 72.8 73.0 73.1 73.3 73.8 73.6 74.0 73.8 74.1 11 71.2 71.5 71.8 72.0 72.1 72.3 72.8 72.6 73.0 72.8 73.1 12 70.3 70.5 70.9 71.0 71.1 71.3 71.8 71.6 72.0 71.8 72.1 13 69.3 69.5 69.9 70.0 70.1 70.3 70.8 70.6 71.0 70.9 71.1 14 68.3 68.5 68.9 69.0 69.2 69.3 69.8 69.6 70.1 69.9 70.1 15 67.3 67.5 67.9 68.0 68.2 68.3 68.8 68.6 69.1 68.9 69.1 16 66.3 66.5 66.9 67.1 67.2 67.3 67.8 67.6 68.1 67.9 68.2 17 65.3 65.5 65.9 66.1 66.2 66.3 66.9 66.6 67.1 66.9 67.2 18 64.3 64.6 64.9 65.1 65.2 65.3 65.9 65.7 66.1 65.9 66.2 19 63.3 63.6 63.9 64.1 64.2 64.4 64.9 64.7 65.1 64.9 65.2 20 62.4 62.6 63.0 63.1 63.2 63.4 63.9 63.7 64.1 63.9 64.2 21 61.4 61.6 62.0 62.1 62.3 62.4 62.9 62.7 63.1 63.0 63.2 22 60.4 60.6 61.0 61.1 61.3 61.4 61.9 61.7 62.2 62.0 62.3 23 59.4 59.7 60.0 60.2 60.3 60.4 60.9 60.7 61.2 61.0 61.3 24 58.5 58.7 59.0 59.2 59.3 59.4 60.0 59.7 60.2 60.0 60.3 25 57.5 57.7 58.1 58.2 58.3 58.5 59.0 58.8 59.2 59.0 59.3 26 56.5 56.7 57.1 57.2 57.4 57.5 58.0 57.8 58.2 58.0 58.3 27 55.5 55.7 56.1 56.2 56.4 56.5 57.0 56.8 57.3 57.1 57.3 28 54.6 54.8 55.1 55.3 55.4 55.5 56.0 55.8 56.3 56.1 56.4 29 53.6 53.8 54.2 54.3 54.4 54.6 55.1 54.8 55.3 55.1 55.4
doi:10.6342/NTU201901297
88
附錄三、各年度之平均餘命(單位：年) (續)
Age 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Female
30 52.6 52.8 53.2 53.3 53.4 53.6 54.1 53.9 54.3 54.1 54.4 31 51.6 51.9 52.2 52.3 52.5 52.6 53.1 52.9 53.3 53.1 53.4 32 50.7 50.9 51.2 51.4 51.5 51.6 52.1 51.9 52.4 52.2 52.4 33 49.7 49.9 50.3 50.4 50.5 50.7 51.2 50.9 51.4 51.2 51.5 34 48.7 48.9 49.3 49.4 49.5 49.7 50.2 50.0 50.4 50.2 50.5 35 47.8 48.0 48.3 48.5 48.6 48.7 49.2 49.0 49.4 49.2 49.5 36 46.8 47.0 47.4 47.5 47.6 47.8 48.2 48.0 48.5 48.3 48.6 37 45.8 46.0 46.4 46.5 46.6 46.8 47.3 47.1 47.5 47.3 47.6 38 44.9 45.1 45.4 45.6 45.7 45.8 46.3 46.1 46.5 46.3 46.6 39 43.9 44.1 44.5 44.6 44.7 44.9 45.3 45.1 45.6 45.4 45.7 40 42.9 43.2 43.5 43.6 43.8 43.9 44.4 44.2 44.6 44.4 44.7 41 42.0 42.2 42.6 42.7 42.8 43.0 43.4 43.2 43.6 43.5 43.7 42 41.0 41.3 41.6 41.7 41.8 42.0 42.5 42.3 42.7 42.5 42.8 43 40.1 40.3 40.7 40.8 40.9 41.1 41.5 41.3 41.7 41.6 41.8 44 39.1 39.4 39.7 39.8 39.9 40.1 40.6 40.3 40.8 40.6 40.9 45 38.2 38.4 38.8 38.9 39.0 39.2 39.6 39.4 39.8 39.6 39.9 46 37.3 37.5 37.8 37.9 38.0 38.2 38.7 38.5 38.9 38.7 39.0 47 36.3 36.6 36.9 37.0 37.1 37.3 37.7 37.5 38.0 37.8 38.0 48 35.4 35.6 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3 36.8 36.6 37.0 36.8 37.1 49 34.5 34.7 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.4 35.9 35.6 36.1 35.9 36.2 50 33.5 33.8 34.1 34.2 34.3 34.5 34.9 34.7 35.2 35.0 35.2 51 32.6 32.8 33.2 33.3 33.4 33.6 34.0 33.8 34.2 34.0 34.3 52 31.7 31.9 32.3 32.4 32.5 32.6 33.1 32.9 33.3 33.1 33.4 53 30.8 31.0 31.3 31.5 31.6 31.7 32.2 32.0 32.4 32.2 32.4 54 29.9 30.1 30.4 30.5 30.6 30.8 31.3 31.0 31.5 31.3 31.5 55 29.0 29.2 29.5 29.6 29.7 29.9 30.3 30.1 30.6 30.4 30.6 56 28.1 28.3 28.6 28.7 28.8 29.0 29.4 29.2 29.7 29.5 29.7 57 27.2 27.4 27.7 27.8 27.9 28.1 28.5 28.3 28.7 28.6 28.8 58 26.3 26.5 26.8 26.9 27.0 27.2 27.6 27.4 27.8 27.7 27.9 59 25.4 25.6 25.9 26.1 26.1 26.3 26.7 26.6 26.9 26.8 27.0 60 24.5 24.7 25.1 25.2 25.2 25.4 25.9 25.7 26.1 25.9 26.1 61 23.7 23.8 24.2 24.3 24.4 24.5 25.0 24.8 25.2 25.0 25.2 62 22.8 23.0 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 24.1 23.9 24.3 24.1 24.3 63 22.0 22.1 22.5 22.6 22.6 22.8 23.2 23.0 23.4 23.2 23.5 64 21.1 21.3 21.6 21.7 21.8 21.9 22.4 22.2 22.6 22.4 22.6 65 20.3 20.5 20.8 20.9 20.9 21.1 21.5 21.3 21.7 21.5 21.7 66 19.5 19.6 20.0 20.0 20.1 20.2 20.7 20.5 20.9 20.7 20.9 67 18.7 18.8 19.2 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.9 19.7 20.0 19.8 20.0 68 17.9 18.0 18.3 18.4 18.4 18.6 19.0 18.8 19.2 19.0 19.2
doi:10.6342/NTU201901297
89
附錄三、各年度之平均餘命(單位：年) (續)
Age 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Female
69 17.1 17.2 17.6 17.6 17.6 17.8 18.2 18.0 18.4 18.2 18.4 70 16.4 16.5 16.8 16.8 16.9 17.0 17.4 17.2 17.6 17.4 17.6 71 15.6 15.7 16.0 16.0 16.1 16.3 16.7 16.5 16.8 16.6 16.8 72 14.9 15.0 15.3 15.3 15.3 15.5 15.9 15.7 16.0 15.8 16.0 73 14.2 14.3 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.8 15.2 15.0 15.3 15.1 15.2 74 13.5 13.6 13.9 13.8 13.9 14.0 14.4 14.2 14.6 14.3 14.5 75 12.8 12.9 13.2 13.1 13.2 13.3 13.7 13.5 13.8 13.6 13.8 76 12.2 12.2 12.5 12.5 12.5 12.7 13.0 12.8 13.1 12.9 13.0 77 11.5 11.6 11.8 11.8 11.8 12.0 12.4 12.2 12.5 12.2 12.3 78 10.9 10.9 11.2 11.2 11.2 11.3 11.7 11.5 11.8 11.5 11.7 79 10.3 10.3 10.6 10.5 10.6 10.7 11.1 10.9 11.1 10.9 11.0 80 9.7 9.7 10.0 9.9 10.0 10.1 10.5 10.3 10.5 10.3 10.4
81 9.1 9.2 9.4 9.4 9.4 9.5 9.9 9.7 9.9 9.7 9.7
82 8.6 8.6 8.9 8.8 8.8 9.0 9.3 9.1 9.3 9.1 9.1
83 8.1 8.1 8.3 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.7 8.5 8.8 8.5 8.5
84 7.6 7.6 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.9 8.2 8.0 8.2 7.9 8.0
85+ 7.1 7.1 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.4 7.7 7.5 7.7 7.4 7.4
附錄四、各年度之消費者物價指數
Year Consumer price index Normalized index (reference: 2018)
2007 90.55 0.89
2008 93.74 0.92
2009 92.92 0.91
2010 93.82 0.92
2011 95.15 0.93
2012 96.99 0.95
2013 97.76 0.96
2014 98.93 0.97
2015 98.63 0.97
2016 100.00 0.98
2017 100.62 0.99
2018 101.98 1.00
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附錄五、Charlson Comorbidities 與 ICD-9-CM codes 對照表 Charlson Comorbidity Weight ICD-9-CM code
Myocardial infarction 心肌梗塞
1 410.xx, 412
Congestive heart failure 鬱血性心臟衰竭
1 398.91, 402.01, 402.11, 402.91, 404.01, 404.03, 404.11, 404.13, 404.91, 404.93, 425.4-425.9, 428.x Peripheral vascular disease
末梢血管疾病
1 093.0, 437.3, 440.xx, 441.xx, 443.1-443.9, 557.1, 557.9, V43.4
Cerebrovascular disease 腦血管疾病
1 362.34, 430-438.xx
Dementia 失智症
1 290.xx, 294.1x, 331.2
Chronic pulmonary disease 慢性肺部疾病
1 416.8, 416.9, 490-496, 500-505, 506.4, 508.1, 508.8
Rheumatic disease 風濕疾病
1 446.5, 710.0-710.4, 714.0-714.2, 714.8x, 725
Peptic ulcer disease 消化性潰瘍
1 531.xx -534.xx
Mild liver disease 輕微肝臟疾病
1 070.22, 070.23, 070.32, 070.33, 070.44, 070.54, 070.6, 070.9, 570, 571.x, 573.3, 573.4, 573.8, 573.9, V42.7
Diabetes without chronic complications
糖尿病(無慢性併發症)
1 250.0x–250.3x, 250.8x, 250.9x
Diabetes with chronic complications
糖尿病(有慢性併發症)
2 250.4x–250.7x
Hemiplegia or paraplegia 半身不遂
2 334.1, 342.xx, 343.x, 344.0x-344.6x, 344.9
Renal disease 腎臟疾病
2 403.01, 403.11, 403.91, 404.02, 404.03, 404.12, 404.13, 404.92, 404.93, 582.xx, 583.0–583.7, 585, 586, 588.0, V42.0, V45.1, V56.x
Any malignancy 惡性腫瘤
2 140.x-172.x, 174.x-195.8, 200.xx-208.xx, 238.6
Moderate to severe liver disease 中重度肝臟疾病
3 456.0-456.2x, 572.2-572.8
Metastatic solid tumor 轉移性實體腫瘤
6 196.x-199.x
AIDS/HIV
後天免疫缺乏症候群
6 042.x-044.x
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