• 沒有找到結果。

建議

在文檔中 臺灣民眾睡眠之變遷 (頁 116-151)

第五章 結論與討論 103

5.2 建議

綜而言之,有別於以往睡眠相關分析多進行個體層次面向上之分析,本研究結合 個體與總體的觀點, 以交叉分類隨機效應模型作為分析策略, 聚焦於三種基礎之睡 眠特性就寢時間、 熬夜類型與睡眠長度, 控制家庭及工作方面之影響因素, 分別 進行就寢時間、 熬夜類型及睡眠長度的年齡時期世代效應之分析,得以明確掌握 整體臺灣民眾睡眠特性變化之趨勢。

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附錄

21-30歲 5211 18.90

31-40歲 6067 22.00

41-50歲 5852 21.22

51-60歲 4230 15.34

61-70歲 3222 11.69

71歲及以上 2203 7.99

時期

1995年 4121 14.95

2000年 3822 13.86

2001年 1525 5.53

2002年 1947 7.06

2005年 4293 15.57

2007年 2138 7.75

承接上頁

附 錄 B: 年 齡 及世代 與 十 二 時 辰 就 寢 時 間 之 描 述 性 統計

表B:年齡、世代與十二時辰就寢時間交叉細格人數 十二時辰就寢時間a 年齡/世代子時丑時寅時卯時辰時巳時午時未時申時酉時戌時亥時總數 年齡 19–20歲4602063114040110368788 21–30歲3067119018232323326803206185211 31–40歲363081282301429215365213836067 41–50歲336957889171417112138516665852 51–60歲20312624510615731315216954230 61–70歲996891453173001029217933222 71歲及以上3982650780002337813582203 總數139513163448108761236819648982858127573 世代 1924以前–1939778548010225002755323063763 1940–195427693405214519741827426156108 1955–196953859911333718361933811825179268 1970–1996501917782555743463712253711438434 總數139513163448108761236819648982858127573 a十二時辰分別為:子時(23–1)、丑時(1–3)、寅時(3–5)、卯時(5–7)、辰時(7–9)、巳時(9–11)、午時(11–13)、未時(13–15)、申時(15–17)、酉時(17–19)、戌時(19–21)及亥時(21–23)

附錄 C: 未標準化樣本人口統計變項及睡眠之資料特性

C.2: 19952005201521–30歲臺灣民眾樣本資料之描述性統計

女性 407 53.98 444 48.74 154 46.39

男性 347 46.02 467 51.26 178 53.61

婚姻狀態

已婚 335 44.43 178 19.54 40 12.05

其他 419 55.57 733 80.46 292 87.95

家庭月收入(級數) (3.71) (1.39) (3.31) (1.57) (2.71) (1.96)

有工作 581 77.06 664 72.89 254 76.51

就寢時間

適當 115 15.25 87 9.55 33 9.94

熬夜 623 82.63 804 88.25 293 88.25

非典型 16 2.12 20 2.20 6 1.81 熬夜類型

115 15.25 87 9.55 33 9.94

輕度 601 79.71 762 83.64 280 84.33

重度 22 2.92 42 4.61 13 3.92

C.3: 19952005201531–40歲臺灣民眾樣本資料之描述性統計

女性 697 54.75 420 52.70 170 47.62

男性 576 45.25 377 47.30 187 52.38

婚姻狀態

已婚 1115 87.59 604 75.78 195 54.62

其他 158 12.41 193 24.22 162 45.38

家庭月收入(級數) (3.28) (1.38) (3.32) (1.41) (2.71) (1.72)

有工作 1003 78.79 664 83.31 320 89.64

就寢時間

適當 370 29.07 133 16.69 76 21.29

熬夜 868 68.18 646 81.05 272 76.19

非典型 35 2.75 18 2.26 9 2.52 熬夜類型

370 29.07 133 16.69 76 21.29

輕度 854 67.08 630 79.04 264 73.95

重度 14 1.10 16 2.01 8 2.24

C.4: 19952005201541–50歲臺灣民眾樣本資料之描述性統計

女性 414 45.30 426 46.97 174 45.67

男性 500 54.70 481 53.03 207 54.33

婚姻狀態

已婚 794 86.87 797 87.87 268 70.34

其他 120 13.13 110 12.13 113 29.66

家庭月收入(級數) (3.07) (1.46) (3.10) (1.40) (2.69) (1.63)

有工作 725 79.32 746 82.25 327 85.83

就寢時間

適當 315 34.46 212 23.37 83 21.78

熬夜 569 62.25 677 74.64 291 76.38

非典型 30 3.29 18 1.99 7 1.84 熬夜類型

315 34.46 212 23.37 83 21.78

輕度 562 61.49 656 72.33 282 74.02

重度 7 0.77 21 2.32 9 2.36

C.5: 19952005201551–60歲臺灣民眾樣本資料之描述性統計

女性 205 44.76 341 51.12 187 49.60

男性 253 55.24 326 48.88 190 50.40

婚姻狀態

已婚 386 84.28 574 86.06 291 77.19

其他 72 15.72 93 13.94 86 22.81

無工作 159 34.72 252 37.78 104 27.59

有工作 299 65.28 415 62.22 273 72.41

就寢時間

適當 234 51.09 225 33.73 144 38.20

熬夜 187 40.83 408 61.17 225 59.68

非典型 37 8.08 34 5.10 8 2.12 熬夜類型

234 51.09 225 33.73 144 38.20

輕度 184 40.17 399 59.82 219 58.09

重度 3 0.66 9 1.35 6 1.59

C.6: 19952005201561–70歲臺灣民眾樣本資料之描述性統計

女性 193 39.88 224 51.85 130 49.81

男性 291 60.12 208 49.15 131 50.19

婚姻狀態

已婚 352 72.73 331 76.62 200 76.63

其他 132 27.27 101 23.38 61 23.37

無工作 306 63.22 284 65.74 138 52.87

有工作 178 36.78 148 34.26 123 47.13

就寢時間

適當 300 61.98 226 52.31 130 49.80

熬夜 112 23.14 152 35.19 110 42.15

非典型 72 14.88 54 12.50 21 8.05

熬夜類型

300 61.98 226 52.31 130 49.81

輕度 111 22.93 148 34.26 106 40.61

重度 1 0.21 4 0.93 4 1.53

C.7: 19952005201571歲及以上臺灣民眾樣本資料之描述性統計

男性 112 63.28 203 50.75 101 43.16

婚姻狀態

已婚 100 56.50 254 63.50 130 55.56

其他 77 43.50 146 36.50 104 44.44

無工作 140 79.10 341 85.25 203 86.75

有工作 37 20.90 59 14.75 31 13.25

就寢時間

適當 111 62.71 242 60.50 129 55.13

熬夜 32 18.08 77 19.25 54 23.08

非典型 34 19.21 81 20.25 51 21.79

熬夜類型

111 62.71 242 60.50 129 55.13

輕度 32 18.08 76 19.00 52 22.22

C.8: 1995200520151924以前–1939出生世代臺灣民眾樣本資料之描述性統計

無工作 531 61.46 497 83.11 137 94.48

有工作 333 38.54 101 16.89 8 5.52

C.9: 1995200520151940–1954出生世代臺灣民眾樣本資料之描述性統計

女性 529 45.25 460 51.05 185 52.86

男性 640 54.75 441 48.95 165 47.14

婚姻狀態

已婚 1008 86.23 763 84.68 262 74.86

其他 161 13.77 138 15.32 88 25.14

無工作 263 22.50 380 42.18 204 58.29

有工作 906 77.50 521 57.82 146 41.71

就寢時間

適當 447 38.24 334 37.07 182 52.00

熬夜 682 58.34 507 56.27 131 37.43

非典型 40 3.42 60 6.66 37 10.57

熬夜類型

447 38.24 334 37.07 182 52.00

輕度 674 57.66 495 54.94 126 36.00

重度 8 0.68 12 1.33 5 1.43

C.10: 1995200520151955–1969出生世代臺灣民眾樣本資料之描述性統計

女性 940 54.56 646 48.32 283 49.82

男性 783 45.44 691 51.68 285 50.18

婚姻狀態

已婚 1397 81.08 1146 85.71 416 73.24

其他 326 18.92 191 14.29 152 26.76

家庭月收入(級數) (3.38) (1.39) (3.15) (1.40) (2.44) (1.68)

未回答 73 4.24 85 6.36 107 18.84

第一級() 94 5.46 74 5.53 81 14.26

第二級 328 19.04 218 16.31 82 14.44

第三級 242 14.05 399 29.84 128 22.53

第四級 585 33.94 294 21.99 93 16.37

第五級() 401 23.27 267 19.97 77 13.56

工作狀態

無工作 352 20.43 242 18.10 137 24.12

有工作 1371 79.57 1095 81.90 431 75.88

就寢時間

適當 445 25.83 292 21.84 183 32.22

熬夜 1235 71.67 1017 76.07 374 65.84

非典型 43 2.50 28 2.09 11 1.94 熬夜類型

445 25.83 292 21.84 183 32.22

輕度 1207 70.04 990 74.05 363 63.90

重度 28 1.63 27 2.02 11 1.94

C.11: 1995200520151970–1996出生世代臺灣民眾樣本資料之描述性統計

女性 199 54.52 724 49.69 433 45.82

男性 166 45.48 733 50.31 512 54.18

婚姻狀態

已婚 54 14.79 436 29.92 379 40.11

其他 311 85.21 1021 70.08 566 59.89

家庭月收入(級數) (3.74) (1.40) (3.28) (1.55) (2.69) (1.81)

未回答 16 4.38 163 11.19 213 22.53

第一級() 11 3.01 27 1.85 51 5.40

第二級 54 14.79 154 10.57 118 12.49

第三級 29 7.95 399 27.39 191 20.21

第四級 117 32.05 327 22.44 178 18.84

第五級() 138 37.82 387 26.56 194 20.53

工作狀態

無工作 130 35.62 431 29.58 170 17.99

有工作 235 64.38 1026 70.42 775 82.01

就寢時間

適當 45 12.33 149 10.23 159 16.83

熬夜 312 85.48 1277 87.64 767 81.16

非典型 8 2.19 31 2.13 19 2.01 熬夜類型

45 12.33 249 10.23 159 16.83

輕度 301 82.47 1210 83.04 736 77.88

重度 11 3.01 67 4.60 31 3.28

附錄 D:1995 年人口統計變項之基準平均值

承接上頁

D2: 1995年不同出生世代的人口統計變項之基準平均值描述性統計

附錄 E:1995 年人口統計變項為基準行標準化處理後之睡眠比例

熬夜 93.30 99.58 90.91 99.99

非典型 1.68 0.36 0 0

21–30歲

適當 9.55 9.92 9.94 10.95

熬夜 88.25 87.64 88.25 89.05

非典型 2.20 2.44 1.81 0

31–40歲

適當 16.69 17.60 21.29 25.11

熬夜 81.05 82.23 76.19 74.85

非典型 2.26 0.17 2.52 0.04 41–50歲

適當 23.37 23.04 21.78 21.70

熬夜 74.64 75.24 76.38 77.86

非典型 1.99 1.72 1.84 0.44 51–60歲

適當 33.73 32.16 38.20 38.47

熬夜 61.17 63.25 59.68 60.76

非典型 5.10 4.59 2.12 0.77 61–70歲

適當 52.31 51.63 49.80 52.86

熬夜 35.19 35.05 42.15 40.79

非典型 12.50 13.32 8.05 6.35

71歲及以上

適當 60.50 59.75 55.13 56.13

熬夜 19.25 20.05 23.08 27.70

非典型 20.25 20.20 21.79 16.17

E.2: 2005年及2015年不同年齡層臺灣民眾之標準化熬夜類型比例

輕度 84.91 92.28 81.82 94.97

重度 8.38 7.23 9.09 5.01

非典型 1.68 0.37 0 0

21–30歲

9.55 9.96 9.94 11.31

輕度 83.64 84.38 84.33 88.65

重度 4.61 3.20 3.92 0.04

非典型 2.20 2.46 1.81 0

31–40歲

16.69 17.78 21.29 25.20

輕度 79.04 80.99 73.95 73.17

重度 2.01 1.06 2.24 1.58

非典型 2.26 0.17 2.52 0.05 41–50歲

23.37 23.07 21.78 21.84

輕度 72.33 72.90 74.02 75.93

重度 2.32 2.31 2.36 1.80

非典型 1.98 1.72 1.84 0.43 51–60歲

33.73 32.25 38.20 38.58

輕度 59.82 62.01 58.09 59.61

重度 1.35 1.15 1.59 1.24

非典型 5.10 4.59 2.12 0.57 61–70歲

52.31 52.00 49.81 53.04

輕度 34.26 34.39 40.61 39.36

重度 0.93 0.19 1.53 1.23

非典型 12.50 13.42 8.05 6.37

71歲及以上

60.50 60.03 55.13 56.99

輕度 19.00 19.67 22.22 26.57

重度 0.25 0 0.86 0.03

非典型 20.25 20.30 21.79 16.41

E.3: 2005年及2015年不同年齡層臺灣民眾之標準化睡眠長度比例

E.4: 2005年及2015年不同出生世代臺灣民眾之標準化就寢時間比例

適當 60.03 60.67 53.10 79.06

熬夜 21.74 22.54 22.76 0.30

非典型 18.23 16.79 24.14 20.64

1940–1954

適當 37.07 32.52 52.00 49.43

熬夜 56.27 60.68 37.43 44.74

非典型 6.66 6.80 10.57 5.83

1955–1969

適當 21.84 20.49 32.22 31.04

熬夜 76.07 77.75 65.84 68.14

非典型 2.09 1.76 1.94 0.82 1970–1996

適當 10.23 6.82 16.83 9.76

熬夜 87.64 91.33 81.16 88.69

非典型 2.13 1.85 2.01 1.55

E.5: 2005年及2015年不同出生世代臺灣民眾之標準化熬夜類型比例

60.03 61.07 53.10 78.78

輕度 21.40 22.03 22.07 0.64

重度 0.34 0 0.69 0

非典型 18.23 16.90 24.14 20.58

1940–1954

37.07 32.58 52.00 49.45

輕度 54.94 59.51 36.00 43.29

重度 1.33 1.10 1.43 1.42

非典型 6.66 6.81 10.57 5.84

1955–1969

21.84 20.53 32.22 31.12

輕度 74.05 75.93 63.90 66.97

重度 2.02 1.78 1.94 1.09

非典型 2.09 1.76 1.94 0.82 1970–1996

10.23 6.86 16.83 9.77

輕度 83.04 86.83 77.88 84.28

重度 4.60 4.44 3.28 4.40

非典型 2.13 1.87 2.01 1.55

E.6: 2005年及2015年不同出生世代臺灣民眾之標準化睡眠長度比例

在文檔中 臺灣民眾睡眠之變遷 (頁 116-151)