第四章、 資料分析
4.1. 樣本資料分析
國
立 政 治 大 學
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Na tiona
l Ch engchi University
第四章 、資料分析
本章為本研究之統計資料各面向分析，總共分為五節，第一節為樣本資料 分析，包含敘述性統計。第二節為因素分析。第三節為信度與效度分析，以確 保本問卷有達到組合信度、內容效度、以及區別效度。第四節為 PLS 模式分 析，其中含路徑分析結果與配適度分析。第五節為假說檢定結果分析。
4.1. 樣本資料分析
本研究樣本來源為高績效工廠計畫(High Performance Manufacturing，HPM) 計畫 (Schroeder et al., 2001)，本研究是選用該計畫第三輪在 2006 年所收集整理的 資料。高績效工廠計畫的資料樣本是來自於製造業的世界級的工廠，每間工廠 至少有兩百五十位員工以上。本計劃調查對象來自歐洲、美洲、亞洲共八個國 家，與三個產業分別為電子、運輸、機械產業。該資料收集方式採用橫切面的 方式蒐集，包含工廠內部、外部環境、作業性與市場行銷相關績效等。此計畫 發放問卷共 238 間廠商，每間廠商至少有兩位主管填答，經過本研究篩選所需 題項後，扣除缺漏資料，實際符合本研究有效樣本共 199 間，問卷數超過 398 份，樣本分佈如表 4-1 所示，其中三個產業的樣本數量趨近一致。
表 4-1 樣本分佈-依國家與產業別區分
國家\產業別 運輸業 電子業 機械業 總計(間)
澳洲 4 9 5 18
芬蘭 6 10 6 22
德國 18 9 11 38
義大利 6 10 9 25
日本 9 10 11 30
韓國 8 7 7 22
瑞士 7 6 9 22
美國 8 5 9 22
總計 66 66 67 199
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Departments in the plant communicate frequently with each other.
5.38 0.73 The functions in our plant work well together. 5.34 0.73 The functions in our plant cooperate to solve
conflicts between them, when they arise.
5.54 0.69 Our plant’s functions coordinate their activities. 5.38 0.68 Our plant’s functions work interactively with each
other.
5.44 0.77 How your plant compares to its competition in your
industry, on a global basis: Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP).
5.22 0.95
顧客端 整合
We frequently are in close contact with our customers.
5.30 0.79 Our customers give us feedback on our quality and
delivery performance.
5.66 0.68 We regularly survey our customers’ needs. 5.24 0.69 We work as a partner with our customers. 5.63 0.70 How your plant compares to its competition in your
industry, on a global basis: Web-based interfaces
6.08 0.49
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We maintain cooperative relationships with our suppliers.
5.55 0.54 We help our suppliers to improve their quality. 5.32 0.65 We maintain close communications with suppliers
about quality considerations and design changes.
5.31 0.66 How your plant compares to its competition in your
industry, on a global basis: Web-based interfaces with suppliers.
4.60 0.81
Our suppliers are actively involved in our new product development process.
4.58 0.81 We actively engage suppliers in our quality
improvement efforts
5.09 0.74
表 4-4 研究問向之平均數與標準差(續)
構面 問項 平均值 標準差
創新 能力
We pursue long-range programs, in order to acquire manufacturing capabilities in advance of our needs.
5.06 1.03
We make an effort to anticipate the potential of new manufacturing practices and technologies.
5.18 0.95 Our plant stays on the leading edge of new
technology in our industry.
4.75 1.06 We are constantly thinking of the next generation
of manufacturing technology.
5.46 0.82 Direct labor employees are involved to a great
extent before introducing new products or making product changes.
4.32 0.94
Manufacturing engineers are involved to a great extent before the introduction of new products.
5.28 0.84
供應鏈 績效
Unit cost of manufacturing 3.21 0.89 Conformance to product specifications 3.87 0.69 On time delivery performance 3.84 0.87 Flexibility to change volume 3.85 0.79
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cross-loadings。根據表 3-4 所列的因素負荷量標準，本研究模型的因素負荷 量皆屬於”好”的等級以上，故本研究的問項具有很好的收斂效度及區別效 度。表 4-6 各因素分析之 cross loadings 與各構面之相關係數
INTI SUPI CUSTI INN PREF PREF1 0.267 0.111 0.099 0.387 0.669