3. 推論上的限制
因製造業的類別涵蓋範圍十分廣泛，本研究的問卷未特別區 分製造業類別，因此在 233 份有效問卷裡，其製造業類別分 布是否均勻，並不納入考量。因此，若針對某特定類別的中 小型製造業者，本研究在有關結論方面並不確定都能完全推 導。
本研究顯現員工人數的多寡對創新績效的三個構面都有顯 著影響，此現象也可能存在某種干擾效果，後續研究需加以 留意。
第三節 研究建議
本節謹針對實務與研究兩方面，提供建議如下：
一、 企業實務上的建議
(一) 對於國內中小型製造業者，本研究發現員工之年齡、性 別與教育程度上，對於創新的績效並沒有顯示有顯著的 差異存在，反倒是員工人數的多寡比較與創新績效有關。
若以員工人數來衡量企業規模的大小，這表示在中小型 製造業裡，人數愈多，勞力愈密集，在成本的競爭下，
對於產品、製程、及市場開拓的要求就愈高，否則在人 均產值偏低情形下，容易被淘汰。因此。諸如提案改善 制度的實施，在規模稍大的公司較會注重，而較小型的 業者，也應注意建立鼓勵員工提案改善的制度，並落實 實施。
(二) 在作業策略方面，本研究呈現彈性構面是與創新績效的 三個構面都具顯著的相關，這顯示企業要因應市場的變 化及顧客的客製化需求，在產品開發及提升製程能力方 面，要特別加強，才能有良好的創新績效。
二、 後續研究上的建議
(一) 文獻探討中，較少發現關於相關議題上，對於區域別的 比較分析。是否中南部企業相對於北部企業，在企業文 化、作業策略、或創新績效上有所差異。提供後續有興 趣者進行探討。
(二) 對於與本研究相關議題有興趣的研究者，本研究建議可 採訪談方式，蒐集一些問卷所不容易呈現得的質性資料，
或可得到更深入的資訊。
(三) 對於研究創新績效的自變數，除了本研究的企業文化與
作業策略外，從本研究的文獻探討中也顯示尚有其他自 變數，如組織氣候、組織學習等。本研究建議，可透過 增加其他自變數的方式，進一步針對中小型製造業者的 創新績效議題，繼續進行探討。
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