第五章 研究結論、建議與限制
第三節 研究限制
本研究以離婚單親為對象，雖然國內離婚人口數已相當的多，但由於 樣本不容易接近，無法以隨機抽樣的方式進行資料收集，因而採取滾雪球 抽樣的方式，故在研究結果的推論上僅限於與本研究有相似特質的離婚單 親對象。
其次，量化研究的進行多期望可以抽到足夠大且具代表性的樣本進行 推論，但由於研究施測期程從 2011 年 12 月到 2012 年 12 月2，期間約一年 餘，共計發出 227 份，回收 198 份，有效 145 份。問卷份數無法再增加是 本研究的限制，而小的樣本數也限制了本研究選擇統計分析的策略。
第三，研究樣本仍以女性為主，缺少男性觀點並無法進行比較。原因 可能是研究是透過機構來進行滾雪球抽樣，但是滾到的仍以女性樣本為 多 ， 亦 即 女 性 較 願 意 填 寫 問 卷 ， 雖 然 曾 企 圖 針 對 離 婚 男 性 單 親 進 行 oversampling，但仍未成功，而透過與機構的溝通後初步了解到雖然離婚男 性尋求機構協助人數並不少，但其填答意願是非常低的，機構是無法強求 的。而如何克服這樣的問題，也是一大考驗。
2雖然有效問卷數量有限，但收集的過程非常不容易，這些問卷的發放大多數是透過單 親機構協助，少數是研究者透過親朋好友所收集回收。而在機構發放的部份，由於機構 服務的性質及樣本的特質，有些是透過活動而發放，有些是透過機構社工家訪時請離婚 單親者協助填寫，也有是離婚單親者至機構時，才請其協助填寫，這也是為什麼施測期 程較長的原因。
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附錄一 專家效度名單
(依姓氏筆畫順序排列) 吳明燁 東吳大學社會學系副教授
周麗端 國立台灣師範大學人類發展與家庭學系副教授 林世華 國立台灣師範大學教育心理與輔導學系副教授 林如萍 國立台灣師範大學人類發展與家庭學系教授 唐先梅 空中大學生活科學系教授
陳富美 輔仁大學兒童與家庭學系副教授 趙善如 國立屏東科技大學社會工作系教授
潘恩伶 國立台灣師範大學人類發展與家庭學系助理教授 鄭麗珍 台灣大學社會工作學系教授
蕭英玲 輔仁大學兒童與家庭學系副教授
附錄二 正式問卷
一、基本資料
1、請問您的性別：□1.男 □2.女
2、請問您的出生年：民國_____________年
3、請問您的教育程度：□1.國小以下 □2.國小 □3.國中 □4.高中(職) □5.專科學校
□6.大學 □7.研究所以上 4、請問您目前的婚姻狀況為何？
□1.離婚(已完成法律程序)→接續請填答下列 a.b.問題:
□2.其它，請說明__________________________________
5、請問您目前有工作嗎？
□1.有→
□2.沒有
a.請問您此次婚姻何時結婚？民國_____年，何時離婚？民國_____年 b.請問您離婚最重要的前 3 項原因：(請依下述原因，填寫數字)
第一原因：_______;第二原因：_______;第三原因：_________
1.對方不負擔家計(不養家) 2.對方有不良嗜好(如：酗酒、賭博等) 3.不堪對方虐待/暴力 4.對方負債太多 5.對方有外遇/第三者 6.對方犯罪 7.婆媳/翁婿問題 8.與對方親戚不和
9.兩人個性不合 10.性生活不協調 11.自己另外找到更適合的伴侶 12.自己犯罪 13.其他，請說明__________________________
a.請問您這份工作從何時開始做？從民國_____年____月
b.請問在正常情況下，您這份工作平均每週工作幾小時？_____小時 c.請問您這份工作平均每月收入有多少？約__________元
6、以下請問您子女的資料:請問您共有幾個子女？共___________位，接續請填答表格內問題：
□5.男/女朋友 □6.其他，請說明_______________________________
二、生活調適情形
請問，在最近一年內，您有沒有以下情形呢？ 從未 很少 有時 總是
五、社會支持及支持感受
【A.社會支持】