(一)、研究限制
1. 研究對象
在本研究當中,總共募得了七位受訪者,當中包含了一位初訪者,以及在 正式研究開始之後,自研究者的臉書以及滾雪球的方式,徵得了六位符合年輕 女性受訪者。
這七位受訪者,皆符合抽樣樣本條件,她們在社群媒體上慣於揭露自己的 憂鬱情緒,並且亦具有經常性的刪文經驗。募集的年齡區間因為橫跨了甫自高 中畢業一直到已經正在工作的職場女性,這六年的正歷經不同人生階段的年輕 女性們,有人正在大學一年級的社團活動中活躍著、有人正處於學生和職場之 間的實習階段,亦有人已經是全身投入於職場創業,個體使用Instagram 的方式 有著差異性,更增添了樣本的多元性;但這當中的年輕女性,雖然皆能透過自 我揭露來得到情緒紓緩的效果,然而文獻多聚焦在書寫的部分 ,是故未來的研 究建議可以考慮以此作為研究主題,設定社群媒體中的圖文發表為更精細的條 件,期許深入探索年輕女性如何藉由社群媒體和圖畫的自我揭露來得到療癒之 作用。
2. 研究設計
因為研究者在訪談當時正處海外,因此多數的訪談者皆是以網路通話進行 訪問。較無法面對面觀察受訪者的面部表情,給予及時的交流和回應。
並且,本研究雖然以網路電話的方式取得了研究資料,但因為受訪者在講 述自我揭露的情緒事件或是書寫情緒時,因多半屬於過往之事,是故已經難以 溯及既往,重整事件的完成度亦有限。因此在訪談時,也因著無法面對面辨察 受訪者傳達的非語言行為,只能從對話的空白來辨識對方是否無法理解問題,
進而解釋之後,又因著受訪者理解的時間而延遲,使得訪談時間的稍嫌冗長。
又,讓年輕女性回溯情緒事件的過程,亦是研究者需要耗費精力、言詞用心的
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部分。年輕女性在過程中,也展示了自己所典藏的貼文,分享了情緒事件的細 節,試圖讓研究者理解,然而往往訪談已經不是事發後的第一時間,在事件的 描述上有所不足,他人給予的回饋和情緒貼文多數都已經成為過去式,回想不 及,刪去的也難以追溯。也因此,縱使整體訪談過程愉快,研究者和訪談者皆 感到身心俱疲。
有鑑於此,若時間和金錢許可,除了建議以面對面訪談的方式進行,藉此 兼顧情緒反應和獲取詳實的口述資料之外,或許研究者本身,也可實際成為年 輕女性的追蹤者,觀察年輕女性的發文和刪文行為;在內容資料的全面性上,
建議可以拉長研究時間,邀請受訪者撰寫日記,記錄不同情緒事件帶來的衝突 和情緒,使年輕女性能夠藉由紀錄來回想自己當下的感受,也可透過其發文的 內容,拼湊其生活樣貌,以民族誌的方式記錄,再搭配線下的訪談,挖掘出更 豐富的研究資料。
3. 未來研究建議
本研究探究了年輕女性在社群媒體中的憂鬱情緒貼文實踐,探討她們如何 看待貼文之後所帶來的回饋,以及隨後因應的發文和刪文的策略。研究結果發 現,年輕女性不僅會顧慮自我形象,進而滿足社交所需;另外一方面,亦開闢 了逃脫眾人對其憂鬱情緒的目光追逐,每個個體都對此有著不同的因應方式,
延展出獨特的發文以及刪文策略。
如研究探討中所提及,年輕女性都提及自己背負著不一樣的期待,無論是 在日常對話中,職場工作時,成熟康慨、善解人意、獨當一面⋯⋯等等堅毅、
陰柔特質,皆如枷鎖一般成為窒礙。但礙於研究主題的限制,本文並非要探究 年輕女孩在性別發展過程的心路歷程,無法親究過程中細小幽微的心理變化。
但這些期待帶給女性的影響,絕不僅是體現在使用社群媒體的之上。這些在社 會以及家庭角色的期待,內化成年輕女性審核自己社群媒體使用的標準,左右 著他們在社群媒體當中欲傳達的形象。往後,亦可針對回饋進行研究。當年輕 女性在接收到外在的負面回饋之後,他們即刻的想法是如何,這些想法是如何 在她們內心當中產生衝突,使其足以演變成影響自己發文以及刪文習慣的原因。
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最後,在本篇研究當中,年輕女性皆隱約地感受到自己身上所背負的家庭 期待。研究者無法參與這些年輕女性的家庭生活,線下家庭互動亦非本文主軸,
但若是能夠進入她們的日常生活,藉由田野方式長期觀察,勢必能夠從她們與 家人互動的情境脈絡當中,獲得影響年輕女性憂鬱情緒發文的其他原因,甚至 可以從中發現細微的心理發展變化。因此,期許未來研究可以從家庭期望角度 切入,與本篇注重的外在回饋相輔,共同作為年輕女性在社群媒體之上憂鬱情 緒貼文實踐的參考。
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