第四章 球形粒子於微流道中之電泳運動現象
4.6 結論
本研究以理論計算方法分析帶電的球形粒子在填充高分子溶液的 圓柱型管道中的電泳及電滲透現象，研究結果將有機會應用於毛細管 凝膠電泳(CGE)、微流體及奈米流體裝置。在此研究中必須考慮許多電 動力學的參數，例如管徑、粒子的表面電位、電雙層厚度、管壁帶電 及高分子溶液的影響(Debye-Bueche 遮蔽長度，λ-1)，在本研究當中亦討 論其對粒子運動的個別影響及總和效應。吾人亦詳細討論帶電管壁造 成的電滲透流變化，其在傳統微流體或奈米流體裝置的操作上是相當 被關注的驅動力之一。本研究結論摘要如下：
(1) 對於帶高電位的粒子而言，電雙層極化效應會阻礙粒子的運動
，特別是在電雙層厚度和粒徑差不多時相當明顯。在粒子泳動 度相對於電雙層厚度變化的曲線上會出現最小值，特別是在狹 窄的管道中運動時會因管壁對電雙層的壓縮而對粒子運動的 阻礙更明顯。
(2) 當高分子溶液黏度愈高，也就是高分子溶液的影響力愈強時，
粒子泳動度會因為高分子鏈的摩擦帶來額外的流體拖曳力而 減慢，與電解質水溶液相比，在某些情況下降幅甚至會高達 90%。
(3) 當高分子溶液的影響力強且離子強度夠強時，在管道中心的主
111
流區域電滲透流(EOF)會完全被壓制，這對某些不希望電滲透 流存在的實驗而言是很有利的。此外，由於高分子溶液的非牛 頓流體特性，電滲透流在接近管壁處會出現流速的極大值，而 不是如同電解質水溶液，電滲透流的流速極大值出現在管道中 心。高分子溶液中，這樣隨著管徑方向變化的電滲透流之流速 分布，可能提供靠近管壁流動的小粒子一個不同於水溶液系統 的分離機制。因小粒子具有較小的旋轉半徑，空間的阻礙效應 (steric effect)較小，相較於大粒子更能夠靠近管壁，故能更快 地被沖提(elute)出來。
本研究的結果將有機會應用於微流體或奈米流體裝置上，特別是 對於在圓柱形管道當中填充高分子溶液的系統。
112
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