˪㔁做埴㓧冯姽揹⬠↲˫ 2010 ⸜ 7 㚰炻䫔ḅ㛇炻枩 1-26
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点 㣲⾝㸀ˣ点点 昛㛐慹ġᄢ ौ
㛔䞼䨞⽆冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⚃⣏㊯㧁ᷕ䘬ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁˭冯ˬ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯ 㧁˭ᷳℏ㵝忚埴↮㜸妶婾炻ẍ 135 ỵ冢⊿ⶪ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉埴㓧Ṣ⒉炷⊭㊔㟉攟ˣ ᷣảˣ䳬攟炸䁢䞼䨞⮵尉炻㉥⍾ 9 ⚳ᷕ⍲ 17 ⚳⮷炻↮⇍憅⮵ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁˭ˣ ˬ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁˭忚埴槿嫱⿏⚈䳈↮㜸炻㒔⭂㷔慷㊯㧁ᷳ㍐≃冯㉱≃攻䘬`姕斄Ὢ炻 槿嫱⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮䘬⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁冯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁Ḻ≽㧉⺷ᷳ怑惵⹎冯⼙枧 ≃ˤ䞼䨞䳸㝄䘤䎦炻㛔䞼䨞㧉⺷⎬枭怑惵⹎㊯㧁⛯列⤥炻⇵⚈嬲枭炷⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁炸 ⮵⼴㝄嬲枭炷䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁炸℟㚱栗叿䘬⼙枧≃ˤ㚨⼴炻㟡㒂䞼䨞䳸㝄炻㍸↢䳸婾 冯⺢嬘炻㍸ὃ㔁做埴㓧ˣ⬠㟉埴㓧⍲㛒Ἦ䞼䨞ᷳ⍫侫ˤ 斄挝娆烉⃒岒⬠㟉ˣ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁ˣ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁 ____________________ ġ ġ 点 㣲⾝㸀烉⚳䩳㓧㱣⣏⬠㔁做⬠䲣⌂⢓䓇 点点 昛㛐慹烉⚳䩳㓧㱣⣏⬠㔁⬠䘤⯽ᷕ⽫ᷣả 暣⫸悝ẞ烉Yuch16@yahoo.com.tw, mujinc@nccu.edu.tw 㓞ẞ㖍㛇烉2010.05.27烊ᾖ㓡㖍㛇烉2010.06.11烊㍍⍿㖍㛇烉2010.06.30 姣烉㬌䭯㔯䪈㓡⮓冒㣲⾝㸀⬠ỵ婾㔯ġJournal of Educational Administration and Evaluation July, 2010, Vol. 9 pp. 1-26
A study of the fitness among indicators of
quality management and performance
management for quality school
点Nien-Hsiang Yang 点点Mu-Jin Chen
Abstract
This study examines the content of “indicators of quality management” and “indicators of performance management” of the administration management dimension for quality school. 135 administrators of elementary and middle schools in Taipei city (including principals, directors, and section chiefs) were selected as subjects of the study. Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM) and the main findings were as follows: 1.The fitness among indicators of quality management and indicators of performance management are significant. 2.Indicators of quality management have remarkable influences on indicators of performance management. Based on the results of the study, conclusions and suggestions are offered to educational authorities, school administrative personnels, and follow-up researchers.
Keyword: quality school, indicators of quality management, indicators of performance management
____________________
ġ ġ 点
Nien-Hsiang Yang: Doctoral student/Department of Education, National Chengchi University 点点
Mu-Jin Chen: Director/Center for Teaching and Learning Development, National Chengchi University
E-mail: Yuch16@yahoo.com.tw, mujinc@nccu.edu.tw
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ㆹ⚳⽆ 1994 ⸜攳⥳炻㍐≽䚠䔞⣂䘬㔁做㓡朑㓧䫾炻ἳ⤪烉ˬᷕ厗㮹⚳㔁做⟙⏲ 㚠˭ˣˬ埴㓧昊㔁做㓡朑㍐≽⮷䳬㔁做㓡朑㕡㟰˭⍲ˬ怩⎹㕘ᶾ䲨䘬㔁做㓧䫾˭䫱ˤ 㔁㓡㓧䫾昌Ḯ⛐庇䠔橼ᶲ炻ẍ㖊㚱䘬➢䢶䱦䙲㯪䱦⢾炻㚜⍿⇘ẩ㤕䓴ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮 䘬䷦㓰⼙枧炻䧵㤝徥㯪㔁做䘬䱦䶣冯⃒岒炷㟪䳡屆炻2007炸ˤ冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉⌛⛐徥 㯪⋻崲冯䱦䶣㔁做䘬䎮⾝⺽⮶ᶳ炻ẍ䱦䶣㔁做䁢㟠⽫炻㼃⛐婚䦳䁢⋲⼹炻䔓↢ℐṢ 㔁做䘬⎴⽫⚻炻䵄奨ᶾ䓴ᷣ天㔁做⿅㼖炻⍫侫劙ˣ伶⃰忚⚳⭞彎⬠ㆸ≇ᷳ⬠㟉㊯㧁炻 ⎴㗪ℤ栏ㆹ⚳ᷳ䈡⿏ˣ暨㯪⼴炻䘤⯽ㆹ⚳⃒岒⬠㟉䴻䆇䭉䎮㕡㟰炷⏛㶭➢炻2006炸ˤ 䚙堉ᶾ䓴䛦⣂⃰忚⚳⭞炻⛐㍐≽㔁做㓡朑䘬ἄ䁢ᶲ炻⣏⣂农≃㕤⺢㥳⋻崲⬠㟉 㔁做ᷳ䚠斄㊯㧁炻᷎㉼㒊彎⬠䷦⃒䘬⬠㟉炻两侴⭋⮶㍐⺋炻ἄ䁢℞Ṿ⬠㟉奨㐑⬠佺 ᷳ㧁䪧炷⏛㶭➢炻2005炸ˤἳ⤪炻伶⚳倗恎㔁做悐㕤 1982 ⸜㍐≽ˬ啵ⷞ⬠㟉妰䔓˭炷Blue Ribbon School Program炸炻怠㉼ℐ⚳彎⬠㚨ㆸ≇䘬⬠㟉炻忁ṃ⬠㟉⛐埴㓧柀⮶ˣ婚䦳ˣ 㔁⬠ˣ⬠䓇ㆸ⯙ˣ⭞攟⍫冯堐䎦ᶲ⛯朆ⷠ‹↢炻嫱㖶㔁ⷓˣ埴㓧Ṣ⒉ˣ⭞攟⬠ 䓇䘬⛀昲ⶍἄˣ≒≃冯㈧媦䘬䳸㝄炷⻝㖶廅炻2003炸ˤ劙⚳㕤 1998 ⸜娎彎ˬ䅰⟼⬠ 㟉˭炷Beacon Schools炸妰䔓炻德忶⺢䩳⬠㟉⣂⃫䈡刚⍲㟉晃⋼≑ᷳ徼⼹炻䘤㎖㔁做 橼䲣ᷳ㔜橼≃慷炻㍸檀⬠䓇⬠㤕ㆸ⯙炻㘖念侴㚱㓰⛘㍸⋯ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉㕥㔁⑩岒炷⏛ 㶭Ⱉˣ㜿⣑䣸炻2003炸ˤ 徥㯪⋻崲䘬⑩岒㗗⃒岒⬠㟉䴻䆇䘬䚖㧁炻℟橼 㱽⊭㊔烉慵夾⬠䓇ˣ⭞攟ˣ侩 ⷓ䘬暨㯪ˣ晐㗪㌴㎉᷎䵕㊩檀䘬㺧シ⹎ˣẍ⬠䓇⍿㔁㪲䁢㚨⣏⇑䙲侫慷ˣᶵ㕟䘬㓡 ┬埴㓧忳ἄ㳩䦳ˣ⺢䩳㬋䡢䘬₡ῤ奨ˣ㊩临∝㕘ⶍἄ㕡㱽冯ㆸ㝄䫱炻ẍ忼ㆸ⬠㟉埴 㓧㚵⊁ˬ檀䷦㓰˭ˣˬ檀⑩岒˭ˣˬⷓ䓇⭞攟㺧シ˭冯ˬ㊩临㓡忚˭䘬䚖㧁炷冢⊿ⶪ㓧 ⹄㔁做⯨炻2004炸ˤ⬠㟉䷦㓰䭉䎮㗗啱㚱㓰䘬䭉䎮䫾䔍炻ↅ倂㔁做ⶍἄ⎴ṩ䘬ℙ嬀炻 㛅⎹⬠㟉㔁做䎮゛怩忚ˤ䁢㯪曰㳣忳䓐㚱旸屯㸸炻∝忈㚜⮔⺋䘬㔁做䨢攻炻㺧嵛⬠ 佺侭⣂⃫⊾䘬暨㯪炻⃒岒⬠㟉䘬䷦㓰䭉䎮⽭枰㗗慵夾忶䦳冯䳸㝄炻ℤ栏岒冯慷䘬⛯ 堉炻ㇵ傥䡢ᾅ⃒岒⬠㟉䘬㯠临䘤⯽炷冢⊿ⶪ㓧⹄㔁做⯨炻2004炸ˤ昛㛐慹ˣ㣲⾝㸀炷2008炸 ↮㜸⬠㟉㍐≽⃒岒埴㓧䭉䎮䘬㕡㟰炻䘤䎦⤪傥㌴㎉⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⚃⣏⎹⹎烉䞍 嬀䭉䎮ˣe ⊾䭉䎮ˣ⑩岒䭉䎮⍲䷦㓰䭉䎮䘬ℏ㵝炻忚埴夷∫ˣ➟埴ˣ姽Ộ⍲䚩⿅炻德 忶㍐≽⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⚃⣏⎹⹎䘬㊯㧁䫾䔍炻⎗⋼≑⬠㟉䘤⯽ᶨ⣿⃒岒⬠㟉ᷳ䴻 䆇䲣䴙䞍嬀ˤ 䵄⎰ᶲ徘炻⃒岒㔁做朑㕘㓧䫾ᶵỮ农≃㕤➡做⚳⭞⋻崲䘬Ṣㇵ炻ἧ㛒Ἦ⬠㟉⏰ 䎦㦪奨冯ⶴ㛃炻㚜䁢Ḵ⋩ᶨᶾ䲨䘬㔁做㥳䭱↢⃒岒ˣ⋻崲ˣ䱦䶣ˣ∝㕘ᷳ栀㘗炻ㆸ
䁢ㆹ⚳⬠㟉㓡朑ᷳ慴䦳䠹ˤ冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉䓙柀⮶ˣ埴㓧䭉䎮ˣ婚䦳䘤⯽ˣ㔁ⷓ㔁 ⬠ˣ⬠䓇⬠佺ˣ⮰㤕䘤⯽ˣ屯㸸䴙㔜ˣ㟉⚺䆇忈ˣ⬠㟉㔯⊾ḅᾳ⎹⹎㥳ㆸ炻⬠㟉埴 㓧䭉䎮⤪ẍ䞍嬀䭉䎮䘬奨⾝䁢ᷣ庠炻ẍ e ⊾䭉䎮䁢ⶍ℟炻⛐㳩䦳ᷕ慵夾⑩岒䭉䎮炻 ⮵㕤䳸㝄慵夾䷦㓰䭉䎮炻䷥橼䘬堐䎦⌛㗗⃒岒䘬⬠㟉ˤ⚈㬌炻㛔䞼䨞㒔ẍ冢⊿ⶪ⃒ 岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎ᷕ䘬ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁˭冯ˬ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁˭ᷳℏ㵝忚埴↮㜸妶 婾炻姕妰⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁⮵䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁ᷳ䞼䨞㝞㥳ˤ℞ᷕ炻ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁˭Ὢ㊯烉 ⺢䩳⬠㟉ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮䘬妰䔓ㆾ㕡㟰ˣ㒔⭂⑩岒䭉䎮䘬㧁㸾ἄ㤕㳩䦳ˣ⺢䩳㹅忂䭉 忻⍲ᷣ≽㚵⊁㨇⇞ˣ句⮎⑩岒䭉䎮䘬⚆棳姽㟠㨇⇞ˣ⺢䩳ẍ暨㯪冯㺧シ䁢⮶⎹䘬㚵 ⊁Ḽ枭烊侴ˬ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁˭Ὢ㊯烉妪⭂役ˣᷕˣ攟䦳⬠㟉䷦㓰堐䎦⍫䄏㊯㧁ˣ夷 ∫䷦㓰䭉䎮䦳⸷妪⭂䚠斄䭉䎮彎㱽ˣ⺢䩳䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎句⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮➟埴ˣ⻟⊾㚫 嬘≇傥姽Ộ䷦㓰䭉䎮㨇⇞ˣ┬䓐㽨⊝䫾䔍炻㚱㓰㍸⋯埴㓧㓰傥䘬ἄ㱽ㆾ㕡⺷ˣ忳䓐 ䷦㓰䭉䎮䫾䔍忼⇘⬠㟉㔁做䚖㧁ℕ枭炻㛔䞼䨞ẍ 135 ỵ冢⊿ⶪ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉埴㓧 Ṣ⒉炷⊭㊔㟉攟ˣᷣảˣ䳬攟炸䁢㧋㛔炻忳䓐 LISREL8.72 䇰䴙妰⣿墅庇橼槿嫱⑩岒 䭉䎮㊯㧁冯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁Ḻ≽㧉⺷ᷳ怑惵⹎冯⼙枧≃炻㚨⼴憅⮵䞼䨞䳸㝄冯妶婾炻 ㍸↢䚠斄䳸婾冯⺢嬘炻ἄ䁢䴻䆇⃒岒⬠㟉ᷳ⍫侫ˤ
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ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮˭炷quality management, QM炸䓐ẍ⋼≑䭉䎮侭➟埴䳬䷼䘬㯠临䴻䆇炻 ℞倂䃎㕤䴻㾇䣦㚫䤷䣱炻ㆸ≇䘬䳬䷼㯠临䴻䆇冯⑩岒䭉䎮⛯⻟婧ˬ㊩临㓡忚˭⍲ ˬ⮵⍫冯ㆸ⒉䘬岎㪲⡆傥˭ᷳ慵天⿏炷Rusinko, 2005炸ˤ⑩岒䭉䎮㗗ᶨ忋ᷚ㳣≽䘬䳸 㝄炻⊭㊔⑩岒夷∫ˣ⑩岒䭉⇞⍲⑩岒㓡忚ᶱ悐㚚炻㭷ᶨᾳ㳣≽悥㚫⼙枧⇘㚨⼴䘬⑩ 岒炻℞䚖䘬⛐忼ㆸ⑩岒天㯪冯㴰昌仢溆炷㣲⾝㸀炻2008炸ˤ役⸜Ἦℐ䎫⎬㨇㥳攳⥳㍉ 䓐 ISO 9000 䲣↿⑩岒䭉䎮䲣䴙炻ἄ䁢⑩岒䭉䎮䘬㊯⮶➢䢶炻ISO 䭉䎮䲣䴙㧁㸾䘬忳 ἄ⍇⇯思⽒ P-D-C-A ⽒䑘䘬㤪⾝炻⊭㊔烉1.妰䔓炷Plan炸烉⺢䩳䚖㧁冯㒔⭂妰䔓炷↮ 㜸䳬䷼䎦㱩炻⺢䩳ℐ朊⿏䘬䚖㧁冯姕⭂䞕㛇妰䔓炻᷎䘤⯽妰䔓ẍ忼ㆸ䚖㧁炸烊2.➟埴 炷Do炸烉⮎嶸妰䔓炷㊱䄏妰䔓⍣ 炸烊3.侫㟠炷Check炸烉姽Ộㆸ㝄炷姽Ộ/䚋㍏⮎晃ㆸ 㝄冯枸㛇䚖㧁ᷳⶖ嶅炸烊4.埴≽炷Act炸烉ᾖ㬋᷎㓡┬妰䔓炻᷎⮯ᷳẀ媠埴≽炷⽆拗婌 ᷕ⬠佺炻᷎ᾖ㬋冯㓡┬妰䔓炻ẍὧᶳᶨ㫉傥忼⇘㚜⤥䘬ㆸ㓰炸炷ISO, 2006炸ˤ㔁做⎴ 㧋傥ẍ P-D-C-A ⽒䑘䁢㟠⽫炻忚埴⃒岒⬠㟉䘬䴻䆇炻⤪⚾ 1 䣢ˤ⚾ 1 ẍ PDCA 䁢㟠⽫䘬⃒岒⬠㟉䴻䆇⚾
晐叿⑩岒䭉䎮ℏ㵝ᷳ㒜⃭炻役⸜Ἦ徸㻠䘤⯽↢ℐ朊⑩岒䭉⇞炷total quality control, TQC炸冯ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮炷total quality management, TQM炸䘬䚠斄㤪⾝炷嫅㔯ℐ炻2004炸ˤ 忶⍣ⷠ⮯ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮⭂佑䁢ℑᾳ㤪⾝烉椾⃰炻ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮㗗ᶨ䧖㊩临㓡┬䘬⒚ ⬠烊℞㫉炻ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮㗗ᶨ䧖ⶍ℟ㆾ㈨埻炻⬫⮯⑩岒㓡┬䘬゛㱽⊾䁢⮎晃埴≽炻 ℤ℟䎮婾冯⮎⊁炷Sallis, 1993炸ˤDe Jager Nieuwenhuis炷2005炸▿娎⮯ℐ朊⑩岒䭉 䎮炷TQM炸ᷳ㤪⾝ㅱ䓐㕤㔁做ᶲ炻᷎㊯↢斄挝䘬ᶱ⣏⍇⇯↮⇍䁢烉1.柀⮶炷leadership炸烊 2. 䥹 ⬠ 㕡 㱽 冯 ⶍ ℟ 炷 scientific methods and tools 炸烊 3. 德 忶 ⛀ 昲 ⎰ ἄ 妋 㰢 ⓷ 柴 炷problem-solving through teamwork炸炻㬌ᶱ⣏⍇⇯⼤㬌䚠Ḻ忋䳸炻䳬ㆸᶨᾳ㔜⎰䲣 䴙炻᷎㕤Ṍ普嗽⼊ㆸˬ䳬䷼㯋㯃˭ˣˬ㔁做冯妻䶜˭ẍ⍲ˬシ佑⊾䘬屯㕁˭炻㟠⽫䱦䤆 ⛐㕤䁢栏⭊㍸ὃ㚵⊁炷customer service炸ˤSevick炷1993炸㬠䲵䚠斄㔯䌣⼴㊯↢炻㔁 做䘬ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮㤪⾝⍿⇘㴰屣侭⮶⎹ᷳ⼙枧炻⻟婧ˬ栏⭊军ᶲ˭炻⮯⬠䓇夾䁢㴰屣 侭炻⚈㬌炻㚱⬠䓇䘬⇑䙲冯䤷䣱⽭枰㗗㍸ὃ㔁做㚵⊁侭䘬椾天ả⊁ˤ 䵄⎰ᶲ徘炻⑩岒䭉䎮Ὢ㊯忳䓐⎬枭䭉䎮㤪⾝ˣ㕡㱽ㆾ㧉⺷炻⺽柀䳬䷼ᷕ䘬Ṣ⒉ ⍫冯⑩岒㓡忚炻ẍ旵Ỷ仢⣙ˣ㊩临㍸⋯⑩岒炻䁢㺧嵛䓂军崭崲栏⭊ᷳ暨㯪侴≒≃炻
ἧ䳬䷼⼿ẍ㯠临䓇⬀冯䘤⯽炻℞ℤ慵㬟䦳冯䳸㝄炻ἳ⤪德忶 P-D-C-A ⽒䑘炻忚埴妰 䔓ˣ➟埴ˣ侫㟠冯埴≽炻 ⤥⑩岒夷∫冯䭉⇞炻ẍ姽Ộㆸ㝄ἄ䁢⚆棳冯⑩岒㓡忚ᷳ ὅ㒂炻ᶵ㕟⛘⽆⣙婌ᷕ⬠佺冯ᾖ㬋炻㚨⼴ἧ⑩岒冣㕤䚉┬䚉伶ˤℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮⇯ℤ ℟䎮婾冯⮎⊁炻⮯⑩岒䭉䎮ᷳ㤪⾝⊾䁢⮎晃埴≽炻᷎ㅱ䓐㕤㔁做ᶲ炻⌛㗗德忶柀⮶ˣ ㆸ⒉䘬⛀昲⎰ἄˣ⎬枭䥹⬠ⶍ℟冯㕡㱽ˣ㔁做妻䶜ˣ䳬䷼㯋㯃ˣ㚱シ佑䘬屯㕁䫱炻 ㍷丒↢䁢栏⭊炷㴰屣侭炸㍸ὃ列⤥㚵⊁䘬㟠⽫䎮⾝冯埴≽炻䧵㤝徥㯪㍸⋯㔁做⑩岒 䘬䳪㤝䚖㧁ˤ ⬠㟉䳬䷼⮎㕥⑩岒䭉䎮㗪炻⎗㍉⍾ᶳ↿ 㱽烉1.ᷣ䭉Ṣ⒉䘬柀⮶冯㓗㊩烉ᷣ䭉Ṣ ⒉奒冒⍫冯炻᷎幓橼≃埴炻䁢⑩岒㔯⊾䘬嬲朑岎Ḱ≽≃烊2.䫾䔍⿏䘬夷∫烉妪⭂ℐ朊 ⑩岒䭉䎮䘬㍐≽妰䔓烊3.ẍ栏⭊䁢⮶⎹烉ㅱ慵夾ℏ悐栏⭊ ➢Ⰼ㔁ⷓ䘬暨㯪⍲⚆棳烊 4.慵夾㔁做妻䶜烉⺢䩳⬠佺✳䘬䳬䷼炻溻⊝ㆸ⒉⍫冯⎬䧖㬋⺷冯朆㬋⺷䘬䞼妶忚ᾖ㳣 ≽烊5.≈⻟⛀昲⎰ἄ烉䨩䟜嗽⭌䓴旸炻↮ⶍ⎰ἄ烊6.㍉⍾ḳ⇵枸旚烉ㅱ➡梲ˬㄪかシ 嬀˭炻㌴㎉⃰㨇烊7.ᶵ㕟㊩临㓡忚烉ᶵ㕟吸普ˣ↮㜸㔜䎮䚠斄䘬屯妲炻⺢䩳㖻㕤⬀⍾ ᷳ屯㕁⹓炻᷎㒂ẍἄ䁢㊩临㓡忚䘬ὅ㒂炷⻝㖶廅炻2005炸ˤ 劍⮯ᶲ徘䘬⬠㟉⑩岒䭉䎮⊾䁢℟橼㊯㧁炻⇯℞ℏ㵝⊭㊔烉1.⺢㥳⬠㟉ℐ朊⑩岒䭉 䎮䘬䳬䷼㔯⊾烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉ᷣ䭉Ṣ⒉奒冒⍫冯炻᷎幓橼≃埴炻䁢⑩岒㔯⊾䘬嬲朑岎Ḱ ≽≃䘬⮎㕥ね⼊烊2.夷∫⺢䩳⬠㟉⑩岒䭉䎮䘬栀㘗冯⚾⁷烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉⮵夷∫䵕㊩⑩岒 冯㊩临㍸⋯⑩岒䘬⍇䎮⍇⇯冯㕡㱽ᷳ栀㘗冯⚾⁷䘬妪⭂烊3.㍐≽䳬䷼忳ἄ炻➟埴⑩岒 䭉䎮䘬䷦㓰烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉⮵德忶䳬䷼ᷕℐ橼ㆸ⒉䘬⍫冯炻Ἦ㓡┬䳬䷼䆇忳ㆾ㍸⋯䓊⑩ ⑩岒炻㺧嵛栏⭊暨㯪ね⼊烊4.⺢䩳忶䦳㩊㟠冯⑩岒䭉䎮䘬姽Ộ䲣䴙烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉⮵ẍ⑩ 岒䁢ᷕ⽫炻⺢䩳ᶨᾳ傥⛐ㆸ㛔ˣṌ㛇ˣ⬱ℐˣ㽨⊝䫱⎬㕡朊姽Ộⶍἄ⑩岒䘬橼⇞烊 5.⺢䩳ẍ暨㯪冯㺧シ䁢⮶⎹䘬㚵⊁䲣䴙烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉⮵⻟婧䵄⎰⿏䭉䎮ˣ栏⭊军ᶲˣ㊩ 临㓡┬⍲ℐ⒉⍫冯炻ẍ暨㯪冯㺧シ䁢⮶⎹䘬㚵⊁䲣䴙烊6.忳䓐 PDCA ⽒䑘䱦䤆䁢⍇ ⇯䘬⑩䭉烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉忳䓐 PDCA ⽒䑘䱦䤆䁢⍇⇯䘬⑩䭉䲣䴙炻ᶵ㕟吸普ˣ↮㜸㔜䎮炻 ἄ䁢㊩临㓡忚䘬ὅ㒂炷昛㛐慹ˣ恙楐₨炻2007炸ˤ
䵄⎰ᶲ徘⬠侭⮰⭞ᷳ婾徘⍲冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉ᷳ㍐≽䴻槿炻㛔䞼䨞㬠䲵⃒岒⬠㟉 ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁ᷳℏ㵝冯℟橼䫾䔍炻ἄ䁢䴻䆇⃒岒⬠㟉ᷳ⍫侫烉 炷ᶨ炸⺢䩳⬠㟉ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮䘬妰䔓ㆾ㕡㟰 ⤪⺢䩳⬠㟉ℐ朊䘬栀㘗ˣ⚾⁷ˣ妰䔓ㆾ㕡㟰炻德忶 PDCA ⽒䑘䡢⮎➟埴冯侫 㟠炻ẍ㊩临㓡忚埴㓧䷦㓰ˤ 炷Ḵ炸㒔⭂⑩岒䭉䎮䘬㧁㸾ἄ㤕㳩䦳
⤪德忶㧁㸾⊾ἄ㤕㳩䦳炻⺢䩳ẍἄ㤕㗪䦳䁢ᷣˣ嗽⭌↮ⶍ䁢庼䘬ℐ㳩䦳ἄ㤕 夷∫炻᷎䶐个ㇳℲㆾ e ⊾ᶲ䵚℔⏲忙䞍ˤ 炷ᶱ炸⺢䩳㹅忂䭉忻⍲ᷣ≽㚵⊁㨇⇞ ⤪⺢䩳㯜⸛冯✪䚜悐攨ᷳ㹅忂Ⰼ䳂炻䡢ᾅ㨓⎹冯䷙⎹㹅忂㙊忂炻ẍ㈲㎉檀⹎ ⎹⽫≃烊溻⊝㟉ℏㆸ⒉ᷣ≽⍫冯䞼䨞ˣ㔁⬠∝㕘冯埴㓧ḳ⊁㍐≽ⶍἄ炻Ὣ忚⛀昲 ⎰ἄˤ 炷⚃炸句⮎⑩岒䭉䎮䘬⚆棳姽㟠㨇⇞ ⤪ὅ㒂⬠㟉埴㓧ⶍἄ借㌴堐㖶䡢↮ⶍ炻ἧṢ⒉㕤ἄ㤕㳩䦳ᷕ忚埴㩊㟠冯⑩岒 䭉䎮炻᷎ㆸ䩳䴻ⷠ⿏䘬姽揹⮷䳬炻忚埴姽揹ⶍἄ炻ẍ句⮎䷦㓰屔ả⇞烊㬌⢾炻晐 㗪㩊夾⎬枭妰䔓句⮎ね⼊炻㩊妶冯䚩⿅⎗䱦忚ᷳ䫾䔍ˤ 炷Ḽ炸⺢䩳ẍ暨㯪冯㺧シ䁢⮶⎹䘬㚵⊁ ⤪⺢䩳ẍ⬠㟉埴㓧㚵⊁ℏ悐冯⢾悐⮵尉ᷳ暨㯪⍲㺧シ䁢⮶⎹䘬ἄ㤕夷∫炻德 忶㍸ὃᷣ≽㓷㌟䘬埴㓧㚵⊁冯⭂㛇㩊夾㔁⬠䑘⠫姕⁁炻㍸檀埴㓧㚵⊁⑩岒冯㺧嵛 ⬠䓇⬠佺暨㯪炻᷎⃭↮㌴㎉⭞攟⍲䣦⋨Ṣ⢓シ夳炻ẍ㍸⋯⬠㟉埴㓧㚵⊁⮵尉㺧シ ⹎炻⎴㗪ἄ䁢㟉⊁䴻䆇ᷳ⍫侫ˤ
Πȃᕼਝᆓ౩ࡾϱొϞـ
䷦㓰䭉䎮炷performance management炸⊭⏓䚖㧁ˣ䜋⮶ˣ䳸㝄姽Ộ䘤⯽炻㗗ᶨ ᾳ㊩临ᶵ㕟忚埴䘬㳩䦳炻䚖䘬⛐啱䓙ᾳṢ⛀昲䘬䘤⯽炻㍸⋯䳬䷼䘬䴻䆇䷦㓰烊℞ 喲⏓䘬シ佑昌Ḯ䚖㧁姕⭂⚆棳⢾炻怬⊭㊔徥希庼⮶冯䘤⯽炻斄㲐䃎溆⽆忶⍣廱 ⎹䎦⛐冯㛒Ἦ炻⽆姽揹廱⎹䘤⯽炷ἁỹ嗕嬗炻2002炸ˤBae炷2006炸㊯↢䷦㓰䭉䎮䲣 䴙⊭㊔⭂佑冯姽Ộㆸ⒉ᷳ䷦㓰ˣẍ⍲㍸ὃㆸ⒉䷦㓰ᷳ⚆棳炻⤪⚾ 2 䣢ˤ䁢㯪曰㳣 忳䓐㚱旸屯㸸炻∝忈㚜⮔⺋䘬㔁做䨢攻炻㺧嵛⬠佺侭⣂⃫⊾䘬暨㯪炻⃒岒⬠㟉䘬䷦ 㓰䭉䎮⽭枰慵夾忶䦳冯䳸㝄炻ℤ栏岒冯慷䘬⛯堉炻侴䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬䎮⾝⛐㕤烉䷦ 㓰䭉䎮㗗ᶨ枭㚱䲣䴙ˣ㊩临⿏䘬姽Ộ忶䦳炻德忶ᶵ㕟䘬㓡忚ˣ婧㔜炻ẍ⡆忚䳬䷼㓰 傥炻忼ㆸ䳬䷼䚖㧁炻䡢ᾅ⃒岒⬠㟉䘬㯠临䘤⯽炷㣲⾝㸀炻2008烊冢⊿ⶪ㓧⹄㔁做⯨炻 2004炸ˤ⚾ 2 ䷦㓰䭉䎮䲣䴙ᷳ➢㛔㝞㥳⚾ 屯㕁Ἦ㸸烉↢冒 Bae炷2006: 1430-1437炸ˤ 䵄ᶲ徘炻䷦㓰䭉䎮Ὢ㊯德忶⎬䧖䭉㍏㕡⺷炻⊭㊔䷦㓰䚖㧁ᷳ妪⭂ˣ䷦㓰姽Ộˣ 䚋䜋䷦㓰㍏䭉ˣ㍸ὃ䷦㓰⚆棳ˣ德忶䷦㓰忚埴㰢䫾ˣ䘤⯽䷦㓰䫱炻䓐ẍ姽Ộ⍲侫 㟠㓰䌯ˣ㓰傥冯䷦㓰䘬ᶨ⣿䦳⸷ㆾ㈨埻烊䷦㓰䭉䎮喲⏓䘬シ佑昌Ḯ䚖㧁姕⭂⚆ 棳⢾炻怬⊭㊔徥希庼⮶冯䘤⯽炻℞倂䃎㕤⽆忶⍣廱⎹军䎦⛐冯㛒Ἦ炻⽆姽揹廱⎹䘤 ⯽炻㚨䳪䚖䘬⛐㍸⋯䳬䷼㓰傥冯⑩岒ˤ㎃妨ᷳ炻⃒岒⬠㟉䘬䷦㓰䭉䎮Ὢᶨ⣿⭂佑冯 姽Ộ㔁做䷦㓰ˣẍ⍲㍸ὃ䷦㓰⚆棳ᷳ㳩䦳炻Ṏ⌛⃰姕⭂㔁做䚖㧁炻䓙⬠㟉柀⮶侭ⷞ 柀㔁做⎴ṩℙ⎴忳䓐㔁做屯㸸炻ↅ倂㔁做ℙ嬀炻ℵὅ㒂䚖㧁䡢⮎➟埴冯姽Ộㆸ㝄炻 姽揹䳸㝄天傥⼊ㆸ⚆棳㨇⇞炻⎴㗪天ᶵ㕟徥希冯㩊妶㔁做䷦㓰姽揹⇞⹎⃒ᷳ仢溆炻 ἄ䁢ᶳ㫉姽揹䷦㓰ᷳ⍫侫ὅ㒂炻ẍ䡢ᾅ⃒岒㔁做ᷳ䷦㓰冯⬠㟉䘬㯠临䴻䆇ˤ 1990 濜ẋ炻Kaplan 冯 Norton ㍸↢⸛堉妰↮⌉䘬奨溆炻⮯℞忳䓐⛐䳬䷼ˣ㕡㟰 ㆾᾳṢ䷦㓰䭉瀲冯姽Ộ䫱㕡朊䘬䞼䨞炷恙⎱浜炻2008炸ˤ⸛堉妰↮⌉㔜⎰屉⊁冯朆屉 ⊁屯㕁ˣ廠ℍ冯廠↢屯㕁ˣ⢾悐㥳朊冯ℏ悐㥳朊ˣ䚖㧁姕⭂冯姽Ộẍ⍲⍇⚈冯䳸㝄炻 ℞㚨⣏⤥嗽㗗烉栗䣢⛐䚖㧁₡ῤˣ姽Ộ屯㕁ˣẍ⍲㍉⍾埴≽ᷳ攻䘬⚈㝄斄Ὢ炷Poll, 2001炸ˤ⚈㬌炻⸛堉妰↮⌉⎗⸓≑䭉䎮侭徥希ˣ䚋㍏䞕㛇屉⊁䉨㱩炻ẍ䌚⼿㛒Ἦ屉⊁ ䷦㓰䘬ㆸ攟烊㬌⢾炻怬⎗ἧ䭉䎮侭㚱㓰䭉㍏᷎婧㔜⮎㕥䫾䔍炻ᶼ㕤忶䦳ᷕ 慵天䘬 㓡嬲炷Karathanos & Karathanos, 2005炸ˤ⻝㖶廅炷2005炸ẍ⬠㟉埴㓧䁢ἳ炻德忶⸛堉 妰↮⌉䘬㥳朊⍲㊯㧁㩊夾䷦㓰㥳朊炻⎗↮䁢烉1.屉⊁㥳朊烉⊭㊔枸䬿䶐↿ˣ➟埴ˣ屉 䓊䭉䎮⍲㟉⊁䘤⯽➢慹忳ἄね⼊䫱烊2.栏⭊㥳朊烉㵝味⬠㟉⮵⬠佺䑘⠫䘬㺧シね⼊ˣ 㔁ⷓ⮵㔁⬠⮰㤕冒ᷣ䘬㺧シ⹎ˣ⭞攟⮵⍫冯⬠㟉㔁做䘬㺧シ⹎ˣᶲ䳂㨇斄⮵⬠㟉㔜 橼彎⬠䷦㓰䘬姽Ộ䫱烊3.ℏ悐㳩䦳㥳朊烉⊭㊔⬠㟉埴㓧ἄ㤕㳩䦳㓡忚ね⼊ˣ㔁⬠㓗㎜ 䲣䴙忳ἄね⼊ˣ⬠㟉㔁做埴扟䫾䔍⍲⬠㟉∝㕘䴻䆇䫱烊4.⬠佺冯ㆸ攟㥳朊烉⊭㊔㔁借 ⒉ⶍ⮰㤕䞍傥冯屯妲忳䓐傥≃䘬㍸⋯ね⼊ˣ㔁借⒉ⶍ⮰㤕ㆸ攟㳣≽彎䎮ね⼊䫱ˤ 劍⮯⬠㟉䷦㓰䭉䎮⊾䁢℟橼㊯㧁炻⇯℞ℏ㵝⊭㊔烉1.妪⭂役ˣᷕˣ攟䦳⬠㟉䷦㓰 堐䎦⍫䄏㊯㧁烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉⺢䩳屉⊁ˣ栏⭊ˣℏ悐㳩䦳⍲⬠佺冯ㆸ攟䫱㥳朊䷦㓰堐䎦
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⭂佑ㆸ⒉䷦㓰ġ
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㍸ὃ䷦㓰⚆棳ġ
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姽Ộㆸ⒉䷦㓰ġ
姽Ộ炻ἄ䁢䷦㓰䭉䎮䘬㊯㧁烊2.夷∫䷦㓰䭉䎮䦳⸷妪⭂䚠斄䭉䎮彎㱽烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉傥妪 ⭂⮵䚖㧁ẍ⍲⤪ỽ忼ㆸ娚䚖㧁䘬䷦㓰堐䎦ℙ嬀彎㱽炻忚侴ἄ䁢䷦㓰堐䎦䭉䎮䘬ὅ 㒂烊3.⺢䩳䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎句⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮➟埴烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉⮵⮯䷦㓰堐䎦㊯㧁䘬ả⊁冯䫾 䔍炻≈ẍ℟橼埴≽⊾炻ẍ∝忈䪞䇕⃒⊊䘬➟埴ね⼊烊4.⻟⊾㚫嬘≇傥姽Ộ䷦㓰䭉䎮㨇 ⇞烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉德忶㚫嬘㨇⇞炻⋼≑⮯䷦㓰姽Ộ倂䃎⛐䫾䔍嬘柴ᶲ炻᷎㔜⎰屯㸸㕤䫾 䔍慵溆㚱㓰➟埴烊5.句⮎㔁借⒉ⶍ㚵⊁侫㟠䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉傥句⮎⮵⎬⎴ṩ ⶍἄ㺧シね⼊ˣ⎴ṩ⋯怟ね⼊ˣ⎴ṩ⛐借忚ᾖ⮎㕥䘬䷦㓰䭉䎮ね⼊烊6.忳䓐䷦㓰䭉䎮 䫾䔍忼⇘⬠㟉㔁做䚖㧁烉Ὢ㊯⬠㟉忳䓐䷦㓰䭉䎮炻㔜⎰䳬䷼屯㸸㕤䫾䔍慵溆㚱㓰➟ 埴炻≈忇䳬䷼栀㘗䘬⮎䎦炷昛㛐慹炻2007炸ˤ 䵄⎰ᶲ徘⬠侭⮰⭞ᷳ婾徘⍲冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉ᷳ㍐≽䴻槿炻㛔䞼䨞㬠䲵⃒岒⬠㟉 ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁ᷳℏ㵝冯℟橼䫾䔍炻ἄ䁢䴻䆇⃒岒⬠㟉ᷳ⍫侫烉 炷ᶨ炸妪⭂役ˣᷕˣ攟䦳⬠㟉䷦㓰堐䎦⍫䄏㊯㧁 ⤪德忶㟉ℏ⢾䪞岥⍲㳣≽炻⯽䎦⬠䓇ἄ⑩冯⋻崲堐䎦烊溻⊝㔁ⷓ忚埴埴≽䞼 䨞ẍ∝㕘㔁⬠炻⭂㛇䘤堐⍲↮ṓ䞼䨞ㆸ㝄烊⊇普冯ㅱ䓐䣦㚫屯㸸炻⋼≑⬠㟉⃭⮎ ⎬枭姕⁁炻⎴㗪⭂㛇㔜䎮㚠朊⍲暣⫸㨼㟰䫱ˤ 炷Ḵ炸夷∫䷦㓰䭉䎮䦳⸷妪⭂䚠斄䭉䎮彎㱽 ⤪夷∫⃒岒䘬⛐借忚ᾖ妰䔓冯㔁ⷓ㔁⬠庼⮶㨇⇞炻ẍ㍸⋯⎴ṩ䘬⮰㤕䳈梲᷎ Ὣ忚℞䚠Ḻ㓗㎜⬠佺炻Ṏ⺢䩳ᶵ怑ả㔁借⒉ⶍᷳ⎰㱽⎰䎮䘬嗽䎮㨇⇞炻⎴㗪ὅ㒂 㮹ᷣ㨇⇞妪⭂䚠斄彎㱽炻᷎㒂ẍ⮎㕥炻怑㗪㩊妶ᾖ㬋ᶵ⎰㗪⭄ㆾ䨺䣁暋埴ᷳ彎㱽ˤ 炷ᶱ炸⺢䩳䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎句⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮➟埴 ⤪⺢䩳⬠㟉⎬枭㧁㸾ἄ㤕㳩䦳炻德忶䭉㍏℔㔯㳩䦳ˣ⭂㛇⼁㔜ㆸ㝄⍲⭂㛇䵕 ᾖᾅ梲姕⁁䫱炻⃭↮㌴㎉㗪㓰ˣ㩊妶䷦㓰冯䔁㚱姀抬炻⮵㕤枸䬿㕡朊炻傥⻟⊾䶐 ↿䱦䡢⹎炻ẍ㍸⋯枸䬿➟埴䌯ˤ 炷⚃炸⻟⊾㚫嬘≇傥姽Ộ䷦㓰䭉䎮㨇⇞ ⤪慵天㚫嬘怨普℔㬋Ṣ⢓冯㚫炻㕤㚫嬘ᷕ句⮎㮹ᷣ䱦䤆炻⺢䩳枮㙊㹅忂䭉忻炻 ᷎⎗⇑䓐夾妲㚫嬘炻忼⇘⌛㗪㹅忂ᷳ䚖䘬烊㚫嬘⼴ᷳ䲨抬ㅱ⺢㨼冯徥希↿䭉炻᷎ 䡢⮎➟埴㚫嬘㰢嬘炻⎴㗪徥希➟埴ㆸ㓰ˤ 炷Ḽ炸┬䓐㽨⊝䫾䔍炻㚱㓰㍸⋯埴㓧㓰傥䘬ἄ㱽ㆾ㕡⺷
⤪⮯㔁借⒉㚵⊁ㆸ䷦侫㟠⍵㗈㕤借⊁⬱㌺冯⸜䳪侫㟠ᶲ炻᷎嬻⎴ṩ⍫冯⬠㟉 栀㘗冯䚖㧁ᷳ㒔妪炻ẍↅ倂ℙ嬀烊㬌⢾炻溻⊝㔁借⒉ⶍッや冯䵕嬟㔁⬠姕㕥冯姕 ⁁炻思⬰ⶍἄ⬠佺䲨⼳炻憅⮵㚵⊁䷦㓰⃒列侭炻⇯℔攳㍐啎Ḱẍ堐㎂ˤ 炷ℕ炸忳䓐䷦㓰䭉䎮䫾䔍忼⇘⬠㟉㔁做䚖㧁 ⤪嗽䎮⎬嗽⭌攻䘬埴㓧㹅忂晄䣁炻ẍ忚埴⭮↯⎰ἄ炻᷎夷∫⬴┬䘬Ṣ≃屯㸸炻 㒂㬌忚䓐Ṣ⒉烊㍸ὃ奒ⷓ䓇⬴┬䘬⬠佺屯㸸㓗㎜橼䲣炻⎴㗪䝕妋ⷓ䓇ˣ⭞攟冯ᶨ 凔⣏䛦⮵⬠㟉䘬㺧シ⹎烊䴻䓙怑㗪䘬䳬䷼ℵ忈冯怑䔞䘬䴻屣忳䓐炻䫎ㅱ⬠㟉䴻䆇 暨㯪炻᷎忼⇘㯠临䴻䆇ᷳ䚖㧁ˤ
έȃࠢ፴ᆓ౩ࡾᇄᕼਝᆓ౩ࡾϞᜰ߽
⤪傥㌴㎉⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⚃⣏㊯㧁烉䞍嬀䭉䎮ˣe ⊾䭉䎮ˣ⑩岒䭉䎮⍲䷦㓰 䭉䎮䘬ℏ㵝炻忚埴夷∫ˣ➟埴ˣ姽Ộ⍲䚩⿅炻德忶㍐≽⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮䘬⚃⣏㊯ 㧁䫾䔍炻⎗⋼≑⬠㟉䘤⯽ᶨ⣿⃒岒⬠㟉ᷳ䴻䆇䲣䴙䞍嬀炻ἧ⬠㟉⛐䴻䆇䭉䎮䲣䴙䘬 䈡⽝ℏ炻喲啷㶟㰴夷⼳䦑⸷䳸㥳ᷳ伶炻㟉攟㍐≽⃒岒埴㓧䭉䎮䴻䆇⃒岒⬠㟉炻Ṏ傥 䌚⼿⋻叿ᷳㆸ㓰炷昛㛐慹炻2007炸ˤ䯉妨ᷳ炻⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮劍ẍ䞍嬀䭉䎮䘬奨⾝䁢ᷣ 庠炻ẍ e ⊾䭉䎮䁢ⶍ℟炻⛐㳩䦳ᷕ慵夾⑩岒䭉䎮炻⮵㕤䳸㝄慵夾䷦㓰䭉䎮炻䷥橼䘬 堐䎦⌛㗗⃒岒䘬⬠㟉ˤ℞ᷕ炻⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬䎮⾝㗗ⶴ㛃⬠㟉㔁做Ṣ⒉慵夾⬠䓇ˣ ⭞攟⍲㔁ⷓᷳ暨㯪炻晐㗪㌴㎉᷎䵕㊩檀㺧シ⹎炻ẍ⬠䓇⍿㔁㪲䁢㚨⣏⇑䙲侫慷炻德 忶㊩临廱⊾ˣ忳䓐冯∝㕘䞍嬀炻ᶵ㕟㓡┬埴㓧忳ἄ㳩䦳ˣⶍἄ㕡㱽冯ㆸ㝄烊䷦㓰䭉 䎮㊯㧁䘬䎮⾝⇯⛐德忶㚱㓰䘬䭉䎮䫾䔍炻曰㳣忳䓐㚱旸屯㸸炻ẍ㺧嵛⬠佺侭䘬⣂⃫ 暨㯪烊⎴㗪慵夾忶䦳冯䳸㝄炻ℤ栏岒冯慷䘬⛯堉炻䡢ᾅ⃒岒⬠㟉䘬㯠临䘤⯽炷冢⊿ ⶪ㓧⹄㔁做⯨炻2004炸ˤ 䵄⎰ᶲ徘炻2009 ⸜冢⊿ⶪ㔁ⷓ䞼佺ᷕ⽫⎔普ㆸ䩳⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎㊯㧁䞼 㒔⮷䳬炻憅⮵㬟⸜Ἦ⮵㕤⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮姽⮑䳸㝄⍲䚠斄シ夳忚埴↮㜸炻⎬㟉⛐ ⍫怠㕡㟰㗪䘮傥㌴㎉䞍嬀䭉䎮ˣe ⊾䭉䎮ˣ⑩岒䭉䎮⍲䷦㓰䭉䎮⚃⣏⎹⹎炻䡢⮎㍸⋯ ⬠㟉䴻䆇ᷳ㓰傥炻Ữ劍⽆⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮姽⮑䘬ℕ枭㊯㧁烉␐⺞⿏ˣ∝㕘⿏ˣ⍫ 冯⿏ˣ㓰䙲⿏ˣㅱ䓐⿏ˣ㯠临⿏Ἦ䚳炻⑩岒䭉䎮⍲䷦㓰䭉䎮Ḵ⣏⎹⹎炻ẍ⮰㤕∝㕘 䁢㟠⽫炻⮎㕥㚱㓰䌯䘬埴㓧䭉䎮炻㍐≽ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮ㆸ㓰炻䘤㎖⛀昲㓰傥炻ℑ侭⎗ ⎰Ἕ䁢ˬ䷦㓰䭉䎮˭炻嬻⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮㕘⍾⎹䘬㊯㧁傥㔜⎰㚱嗽⭌傥≃⍲屯 㸸炻ㆸ䁢⬠㟉⇞⹎䘬ᶨ䑘炻⽆⑩岒䭉㍏↢䘤炻ẍ忼⃒岒䷦㓰冯㯠临䴻䆇䘬㔁做䚖㧁ˤ 勚⮯ 2010 ⸜⎰Ἕ⼴ᷳ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁ᷳℏ㵝ˣ姽⮑㧁㸾⍲⍫侫 㱽冂↿⤪堐 1 䣢ˤ
堐 1 冢澱ⶪ 99 濜灏⃒岒⬠㟉䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁ˣ姽⮑㧁㸾⍲澹侫ἄ㱽 ⎹⹎ġ 枭䚖ġ ㊯ġ ġ 㧁ġ 姽ġ ġ ⮑ġ ġ 㧁ġ ġ 㸾ġ ⍫ġ ġ 侫ġ ġ ġ ġ 㱽ġ 埴 㓧 䭉 䎮 ġ ĵį䷦㓰䭉䎮ġ IJįġ㺧嵛ㆸ⒉暨㯪䘬⬠㟉栀 㘗ġ IJįġ⬠㟉栀㘗℟橼句⮎㕤⎬枭㟉⊁ⶍἄˤ ijįġ㟉⊁ⶍἄẍ㚵⊁⮵尉䁢⮶⎹炻᷎傥㔜 ⎰⍲䘤㎖ᾳṢ冯⛀昲䷦㓰ˤġ IJįġ䴻䓙㮹ᷣ㨇⇞⺢䩳⬠㟉栀㘗⍲⚾⁷ˤġ ijįġ句⮎⬠㟉栀㘗⎬枭㟉⊁➟埴ⶍἄᷕˤġ Ĵįġ栗䣢ẍ㚵⊁⮵尉ᷳ暨㯪㺧シ䁢⮶⎹ˤġ ĵįġ㚱㔜⎰䳬䷼傥≃䘤㎖⛀昲㓰傥䘬⮎嫱ˤġ Ķįġ℞Ṿˤġ ijįġ忼ㆸ䳬䷼䚖㧁䘬Ṣ⒉➡ 妻ġ IJįġ傥惵⎰䳬䷼䘤⯽䚖㧁➡妻Ṣ⒉ˤġ ijįġṢ⒉➡妻妰䔓冯➟埴炻傥㍸⋯Ṣ⒉℟ ⁁妋㰢⓷柴⍲忼ㆸ䳬䷼䚖㧁傥≃ˤġ IJįġ溻⊝Ṣ⒉忚ᾖ㍸⋯ㆸ⒉傥≃ˤġ ijįġ⺽忚䳬䷼暨天Ṣㇵ怑ㇵ怑ˤġ Ĵįġ㍐≽ⶍἄ屔ả⇞⼘栗ㆸ㝄䷦㓰ˤġ ĵįġ㒔⭂㚱㓰㕡㟰妋㰢朊冐⓷柴ˤġ Ķįġ℞Ṿˤġ Ĵįġ㓡忚䷦㓰䘬 őŅńł 忳䓐ġ IJįġ傥㚱㓰忚埴䷦㓰䭉䎮ˤġ ijįġ⯽䎦 őŅńł 忚埴妰䔓ˣ娎ἄˣ㩊㟠⍲ 㓡忚䘬⮎ἳˤġ IJįġ⭂㛇彎䎮䚠斄➡妻婚ㆾ䞼佺屯㕁ˤġ ijįġ⬠㟉㝞㥳䷦㓰䭉䎮䘬忳ἄ䲣䴙ˤġ Ĵįġ⬠㟉忳䓐 őŅńł 䘬⽒䑘㓡忚䘬⮎ἳˤġ ĵįġ⬠㟉埴㓧⭂溆➟埴冒ㆹ姽揹ˤġ Ķįġ℞Ṿˤġ ĵįġ徥㯪㯠临⋻崲䘬䷦㓰⇞ ⹎ġ IJįġ傥⺢䩳徥㯪⋻崲䘬䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎ˤġ ijįġ䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎傥㺧嵛⬠㟉䔞⇵⍲㛒Ἦ 䘤⯽暨㯪ˤġ IJįġ㟉攟㙐ᷣ䭉Ṣ⒉奒冒ⷞ柀幓橼≃埴ˤġ ijįġ列⤥䘬㹅忂⋼婧㈲㎉檀⹎⎹⽫≃ˤġ Ĵįġ䡢⮎侫㟠㟉⊁䘤⯽⍲⸜⹎ⶍἄ妰䔓ˤġ ĵįġ⬠㟉⎬枭䘤⯽㚱℟橼⋻崲ㆸ㝄ˤġ Ķį℞Ṿˤġ 屯㕁Ἦ㸸烉↢冒冢澱ⶪ 99 濜灏⃒岒⬠㟉姽怠⎹灏ˣ枭䚖ˣ㊯㧁ˣ姽⮑㧁㸾⍲澹侫ἄ㱽炷灖 㓧䭉瀲炸炷2010烉6炸 㛔䞼䨞㍉䓐ᷳ冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎ᷕ䘬ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁˭冯ˬ䷦㓰 䭉䎮㊯㧁˭炻ᷫ怑䓐㕤 2004 军 2009 ⸜䘬⃒岒⬠㟉姽怠ˤ㛔䞼䨞↮⇍⯙ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯ 㧁˭⍲ˬ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁˭ᷳℏ㵝忚埴↮㜸妶婾炻姕妰⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁冯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁 ᷳ䞼䨞㝞㥳炻ẍ 135 ỵ冢⊿ⶪ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉埴㓧Ṣ⒉炷⊭㊔㟉攟ˣᷣảˣ䳬攟炸 䁢㧋㛔炻忳䓐 LISREL8.72 䇰䴙妰⣿墅庇橼槿嫱⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁冯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁Ḻ≽㧉 ⺷ᷳ怑惵⹎冯⼙枧≃炻㚨⼴憅⮵䞼䨞䳸㝄冯妶婾炻㍸↢䚠斄䳸婾冯⺢嬘炻ἄ䁢䴻䆇 ⃒岒⬠㟉ᷳ⍫侫ˤ
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㛔䞼䨞ẍ LISREL8.72 䇰䴙妰⣿墅庇橼忚埴↮㜸炻槿嫱⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎ᷕ 䘬⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁冯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁Ḻ≽㧉⺷ᷳ怑惵⹎冯⼙枧≃ˤ
Ιȃंـ࢜ᄺ
㛔䞼䨞㟡㒂冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎䘬⑩岒䭉䎮冯䷦㓰䭉䎮㔯䌣炻㬠䲵ˣ ⼁㔜䁢姽揹㊯㧁炻᷎䴻⓷⌟婧㞍炻⺢㥳⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁冯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬Ḻ≽㧉⺷烉 1.⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁⊭㊔烉⺢䩳⬠㟉ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮䘬妰䔓ㆾ㕡㟰ˣ㒔⭂⑩岒䭉䎮䘬㧁㸾ἄ 㤕㳩䦳ˣ⺢䩳㹅忂䭉忻⍲ᷣ≽㚵⊁㨇⇞ˣ句⮎⑩岒䭉䎮䘬⚆棳姽㟠㨇⇞ˣ⺢䩳ẍ暨 㯪冯㺧シ䁢⮶⎹䘬㚵⊁䫱Ḽᾳ㷔慷嬲枭烊2.䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁⊭㊔烉妪⭂役ˣᷕˣ攟䦳⬠ 㟉䷦㓰堐䎦⍫䄏㊯㧁ˣ夷∫䷦㓰䭉䎮䦳⸷妪⭂䚠斄䭉䎮彎㱽ˣ⺢䩳䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎句 ⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮➟埴ˣ⻟⊾㚫嬘≇傥姽Ộ䷦㓰䭉䎮㨇⇞ˣ┬䓐㽨⊝䫾䔍炻㚱㓰㍸⋯埴㓧 㓰傥䘬ἄ㱽ㆾ㕡⺷ˣ忳䓐䷦㓰䭉䎮䫾䔍忼⇘⬠㟉㔁做䚖㧁䫱ℕᾳ㷔慷嬲枭ˤ㛔䞼䨞 㟡㒂ᶲ徘㷔慷嬲枭炻ἧ䓐 LISREL 8.72 䇰䴙妰⣿墅庇橼炻㒔⭂⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁冯䷦㓰 䭉䎮㊯㧁⼙枧ᷳḺ≽㧉⺷嶗⼹斄Ὢ⚾炻㍊妶⎬㷔慷嬲枭冯㼃⛐⚈䳈炷⌛㍐≃冯㉱≃炸 攻䘬斄Ὢ炻娛⤪⚾ 3ˤ 䓙⚾ 3 ᷳḺ≽㧉⺷嶗⼹斄Ὢ⚾⎗䚳↢⎬嬲枭攻䘬斄Ὢ炻ẍᶳ㒔憅⮵⎬嬲枭ˬ㍐ ≃˭冯ˬ㉱≃˭䘬㷔慷㊯㧁ᷳℏ㵝⍲䫎嘇シ佑婒㖶⤪ᶳ烉 炷ᶨ炸㼃⛐嬲枭 1. 1ẋ堐ˬ㍐≃˭炻䧙䁢⇵⚈嬲枭炻Ṏ⌛⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁ˤ 2. !1ẋ堐ˬ㉱≃˭炻䧙䁢⼴㝄嬲枭炻Ṏ⌛䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁ˤ 炷Ḵ炸㷔慷嬲枭 1. X1 军 X5 ẋ堐⇵⚈嬲枭炷⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁炸䘬Ḽᾳ㷔慷㊯㧁烉⺢䩳⬠㟉ℐ朊⑩岒䭉 䎮䘬妰䔓ㆾ㕡㟰ˣ㒔⭂⑩岒䭉䎮䘬㧁㸾ἄ㤕㳩䦳ˣ⺢䩳㹅忂䭉忻⍲ᷣ≽㚵⊁㨇⇞ˣ 句⮎⑩岒䭉䎮䘬⚆棳姽㟠㨇⇞ˣ⺢䩳ẍ暨㯪冯㺧シ䁢⮶⎹䘬㚵⊁ˤ 2. Y1 军 Y6 ẋ堐⼴㝄嬲枭炷䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁炸䘬ℕᾳ㷔慷㊯㧁烉妪⭂役ˣᷕˣ攟䦳⬠ 㟉䷦㓰堐䎦⍫䄏㊯㧁ˣ夷∫䷦㓰䭉䎮䦳⸷妪⭂䚠斄䭉䎮彎㱽ˣ⺢䩳䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎ 句⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮➟埴ˣ⻟⊾㚫嬘≇傥姽Ộ䷦㓰䭉䎮㨇⇞ˣ┬䓐㽨⊝䫾䔍炻㚱㓰㍸⋯ 埴㓧㓰傥䘬ἄ㱽ㆾ㕡⺷ˣ忳䓐䷦㓰䭉䎮䫾䔍忼⇘⬠㟉㔁做䚖㧁ˤ 炷ᶱ炸㷔慷嬲枭䘬婌ⶖ 1. "1军 "5ẋ堐⇵⚈嬲枭䘬Ḽᾳ㷔慷㊯㧁ᷳ㭀ⶖˤ 2. #1军 #5ẋ堐⼴㝄嬲枭䘬ℕᾳ㷔慷㊯㧁ᷳ㭀ⶖˤ 炷⚃炸Ḻ≽㧉⺷䘬斄Ὢ 1. $11 ẋ堐⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁⮵䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬⼙枧㓰㝄ˤ
2. %1ẋ堐Ḻ≽㧉⺷ᷳ⼙枧㓰㝄䘬㭀检ⶖˤ ġ ⚾Ĵġ ġ ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁冯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁ᷳḺ≽㧉⺷嶗⼹斄Ὢ⚾ġ
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㛔䞼䨞ẍ 135 ỵ冢⊿ⶪ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉埴㓧Ṣ⒉炷⊭㊔㟉攟ˣᷣảˣ䳬攟炸䁢 䞼䨞⮵尉忚埴⓷⌟婧㞍炻㉥⍾ 9 ⚳ᷕ⍲ 17 ⚳⮷ˤ䞼䨞⮵尉ᷳ⬠㟉栆⇍ˣ⬠㟉⎵ 䧙⍲Ṣ㔠㔜䎮⤪堐 2ˤȢIJIJġ
ȥ
IJġ
ȭIJġ ⑩岒 䭉䎮 ㊯㧁 ⺢䩳⬠㟉ℐ朊⑩岒 䭉䎮䘬妰䔓ㆾ㕡㟰ġ ͌1 ͌2 ͌3 ͌4 ͌5 ͍1 ͍3 㒔⭂⑩岒䭉䎮䘬㧁 㸾ἄ㤕㳩䦳ġ ⺢䩳㹅忂䭉忻⍲ᷣ ≽㚵⊁㨇⇞ġ 句⮎⑩岒䭉䎮䘬⚆ 棳姽㟠㨇⇞ġ 忳䓐䷦㓰䭉䎮䫾䔍 忼⇘⬠㟉㔁做䚖㧁ġ ⺢䩳ẍ暨㯪冯㺧シ 䁢⮶⎹䘬㚵⊁ġ 妪⭂役ˣᷕˣ攟䦳 ⬠㟉䷦㓰堐䎦⍫䄏 ㊯㧁ġ 夷∫䷦㓰䭉䎮䦳⸷ 妪⭂䚠斄䭉䎮彎㱽ġ ⺢䩳䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎ 句⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮➟埴ġ ⻟⊾㚫嬘≇傥姽Ộ ䷦㓰䭉䎮㨇⇞ġ ┬䓐㽨⊝䫾䔍炻㚱 㓰㍸⋯埴㓧㓰傥䘬 ἄ㱽ㆾ㕡⺷ġ ͍2 ͍4 ͍5 ȦIJġ ䷦㓰 䭉䎮 ㊯㧁 ͍6堐 2 䞼䨞⮵尉ᶨ奥堐 ⬠㟉栆⇍ ⬠㟉⎵䧙 Ṣ㔠 ⚳ᷕ 1. ṩッ 6 2. 攟⬱ 5 3. ⋿攨 5 4. 㟤农 5 5. 㔎⊾ 6 6. 㘗伶 5 7. ṳ⢥ 5 8. ⺢ㆸ 4 9. 㮹䓇 4 ⚳⮷ 1. 㛐㞝 6 2. ⣏䎮 5 3. ⣏㷾 5 4. ᷕⰙ 5 5. 㯠⬱ 5 6. 䘦漉 6 7. ⺞⸛ 5 8. 䣦⫸ 6 9. 㼕伶 6 10. ⋿攨 6 11. ⋿㷗 5 12. 叔剛 5 13. 䤷㗇 5 14. 慹厗 5 15. 攟⬱ 5 16. 攟㗍 5 17. 㹒Ⱉ 5 ䷥妰 135 Ṣ
έȃंـώڎ
㛔䞼䨞ẍˬ冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉姽揹㊯㧁ᷳ䞼䨞&ẍ埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎䁢ἳ婧㞍⓷⌟˭ 炷㣲⾝㸀炻2008炸䁢ⶍ℟炻⓷⌟㟡㒂䚠斄㔯䌣冯䎮婾➢䢶ˣˬ䱦䶣㔁做&冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒 ⬠㟉䴻䆇ㇳℲ˭⍲冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉姽怠㳣≽姽⮑姽↮堐炷埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎炸䫱屯㕁䶐 墥炻ℏ⭡昌⍿娎侭ᷳ➢㛔屯㕁⢾炻⯂⊭㊔䞍嬀䭉䎮㊯㧁ˣe ⊾䭉䎮㊯㧁ˣ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯ 㧁ˣ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁⚃悐↮炻䴻⮰⭞シ夳婧㞍䳸㝄炻ᾖ㬋婆⎍冯⇒昌ᶵ怑柴炻⺢䩳⓷ ⌟ᷳℏ⭡㓰⹎炻᷎忚埴屯㕁嗽䎮冯䴙妰↮㜸炻侫槿䞼䨞ⶍ℟ᷳᾉ⹎冯㓰⹎炻㚨⼴ᾖ 㬋䁢㬋⺷⓷⌟ˤ㛔䞼䨞ẍˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁˭冯ˬ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁˭䁢䞼䨞ⶍ℟ᷳ➢䢶 㝞㥳炻⠓䫼㕡⺷㍉㛶䈡⺷炷Likert-type炸䘬ℕ溆慷堐炻㟡㒂⍿娎侭䘬⮎晃䞍奢冯䎦 㱩䦳⹎忚埴⠓䫼炻妰↮㕡⺷䁢 6 ↮ˣ5 ↮ˣ4 ↮ˣ3 ↮ˣ2 ↮ˣ1 ↮炻⼿↮グ檀侭炻ẋ 堐⍿娎侭⮵娚㊯㧁䞍奢䘬䫎⎰ㆾ⸓≑䦳⹎グ檀ˤ
ѲȃಛॎϷݙПݲ
㛔䞼䨞ἧ䓐ˬ冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉姽揹㊯㧁ᷳ䞼䨞&ẍ埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎䁢ἳ婧㞍⓷⌟˭ ᷕ䘬ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁˭冯ˬ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁˭炻ẍ⇵徘 135 ỵ冢⊿ⶪ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉埴 㓧Ṣ⒉炷⊭㊔㟉攟ˣᷣảˣ䳬攟炸䁢䞼䨞⮵尉炻德忶 LISREL 8.72 䴙妰⣿墅庇橼忚 埴槿嫱⿏⚈䳈↮㜸炻䝕妋ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁˭冯ˬ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁˭䘬怑惵⹎ね㱩炻᷎ 槿嫱⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁⮵䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬⼙枧㓰㝄ˤ
ဓȃंـ๖ݎᇄଆ፣
ΙȃԒᎌ࡙ࡾϞ๖ݎϷݙ
㛔䞼䨞ẍ䳸㥳㕡䦳㧉⺷忚埴㧉⺷怑惵⹎㊯㧁ᷳ↮㜸炻⮯䞼䨞䳸㝄冯ἁ㮹⮏ 炷2006炸㊯↢ᷳ⺢嬘⇌㕟㧁㸾≈ẍ㭼⮵炻᷎婒㖶⤪ᶳ烊㧉⺷怑惵⹎⍫㔠Ộ妰䳸㝄炻 娛夳堐 3ˤ 1.㔜橼怑惵⹎㊯㧁⛐㔜橼怑惵⹎㊯㧁悐↮炻RMR炷root mean square residual炸䁢 .028炻䫎⎰⇌㕟 ῤ枰烋 .05 䘬夷㸾炻堐䣢㭀ⶖ庫⮷炻⎗夳㛔㧉⺷℟㚱列⤥䘬㔜橼怑惵⹎ˤ
2.㭼庫怑惵⹎㊯㧁
⛐㭼庫怑惵⹎㊯㧁悐↮炻NFI炷normed fit index炸冯 NNFI炷non-normed fit index炸 ⛯䁢 .97炻䫎⎰⇌㕟ῤ枰烍 .90 䘬夷㸾烊CFI炷comparative fit index炸冯 IFI炷incremental fit index炸⛯䁢 .98炻䫎⎰⇌㕟ῤ枰烍 .90 䘬夷㸾烊RFI炷relative fit index炸䁢 .96炻 䫎⎰⇌㕟ῤ枰烍 .90 䘬夷㸾炻⎗夳㛔㧉⺷℟㚱列⤥䘬㭼庫怑惵⹎ˤ
3.䱦䯉怑惵⹎㊯㧁
⛐䱦䯉怑惵⹎㊯㧁悐↮炻PNFI炷parsimony normed fit index炸䁢 .76炻䫎⎰℞⎗ 傥ῤ➇䁢 0~1 䘬⇌㕟夷㸾炻⎗夳㛔㧉⺷䫎⎰䱦䯉怑惵⹎ˤ 4.➢㛔怑惵⹎㊯㧁
⛐➢㛔怑惵⹎㊯㧁悐↮炻㚱⚈䳈屈匟慷炷⌛ ῤ炸䘮忼栗叿㯜㸾炻ᶼ婌ⶖῤ 䘮䃉屈ῤ炻! ῤḇ忼栗叿㯜㸾炻⎗夳㛔㧉⺷䘬➢㛔怑惵⹎列⤥ˤ 5.ℏ⛐怑惵⹎㊯㧁
⛐ℏ⛐怑惵⹎㊯㧁悐↮炻R2 ῤ⛯䁢㬋䘬⮎㔠炻ᶼ忼栗叿㯜㸾炻⎗夳㛔㧉⺷䘬ℏ ⛐怑惵⹎列⤥ˤ 堐 3 㛔䞼䨞㧉⺷ᷳ⍫㔠Ộ妰䳸㝄 ⍫㔠 ῤ ⚈䳈屈匟慷 ⍫㔠 ! ῤ 婌ⶖ嬲䔘㔠 R2ῤ 姽揹㊯㧁 X1 .91 "1 .17 R2炷X炸= .83 NFI= .97 NNFI= .97 CFI= .98 IFI= .98 RFI= .96 PNFI= .76 RMR= .028 $= .95 X2 .84 "2 .30 R2炷X炸= .71 X3 .91 "3 .17 R2炷X炸= .83 X4 .91 "4 .16 R2炷X炸= .83 X5 .88 "5 .22 R2炷X炸= .77 Y1 .75 #1 .44 R2炷X炸= .56 Y2 .93 #2 .13 R2炷X炸= .86 Y3 .91 #3 .18 R2炷X炸= .83 Y4 .89 #4 .21 R2炷X炸= .79 Y5 .89 #5 .21 R2炷X炸= .79 Y6 .90 #6 .19 R2炷X炸= .81
ΠȃҏंـԒࡾϞϣଢ଼ኇϷݙ
⤪⇵徘炻㛔䞼䨞㧉⺷⎬枭怑惵⹎㊯㧁⛯列⤥炻㓗㊩䞼䨞㧉⺷䘬`姕ˤẍᶳ⯙ 㧉⺷㊯㧁攻ᷳḺ≽⼙枧ね⼊炻↮ᶱ悐↮忚埴㍊妶炻娛夳⚾ 4ˤ ġ ġ ġ ġ ⚾ĵġ ġ ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁冯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁ᷳḺ≽⼙枧↮㜸⚾ġ 炷ᶨ炸⇵⚈嬲枭⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁ᷳ䳸㥳㧉⺷↮㜸
䓙⚾ 4 ⎗䞍炻X1 ⇘ X5 Ḽᾳ㷔慷㊯㧁烉⺢䩳⬠㟉ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮䘬妰䔓ㆾ㕡㟰ˣ 㒔⭂⑩岒䭉䎮䘬㧁㸾ἄ㤕㳩䦳ˣ⺢䩳㹅忂䭉忻⍲ᷣ≽㚵⊁㨇⇞ˣ句⮎⑩岒䭉䎮䘬⚆ 棳姽㟠㨇⇞ˣ⺢䩳ẍ暨㯪冯㺧シ䁢⮶⎹䘬㚵⊁䘬 ῤグ⣏炻⇯⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬ˬ㍐˭ ≃グ⻟ˤḼᾳ㷔慷㊯㧁ᷳ ῤ↮⇍䁢 .91ˣ .84ˣ .91ˣ .91ˣ .88炻℞ t ῤ䘮忼栗叿 㯜㸾ˤ X1 ⇘ X5 悥㷔慷⇘䚠⎴䘬㼃⛐⚈䳈 "1炷㍐≃炸炻㧉⺷⚾⎗妋慳䁢烉䔞⑩岒䭉䎮 ㊯㧁ᷳ⺢䩳⬠㟉ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮䘬妰䔓ㆾ㕡㟰ˣ㒔⭂⑩岒䭉䎮䘬㧁㸾ἄ㤕㳩䦳ˣ⺢䩳 ȭIJġ ⑩岒 䭉䎮 ㊯㧁ġ .95 ⺢䩳⬠㟉ℐ朊⑩岒䭉 䎮䘬妰䔓ㆾ㕡㟰ġ .17 .30 .17 .16 .22 .44 .18 㒔⭂⑩岒䭉䎮䘬㧁㸾 ἄ㤕㳩䦳ġ .19 ⺢䩳㹅忂䭉忻⍲ᷣ≽ 㚵⊁㨇⇞ġ 句⮎⑩岒䭉䎮䘬⚆棳 姽㟠㨇⇞ġ 忳䓐䷦㓰䭉䎮䫾䔍忼 ⇘⬠㟉㔁做䚖㧁ġ ⺢䩳ẍ暨㯪冯㺧シ䁢 ⮶⎹䘬㚵⊁ġ 妪⭂役ˣᷕˣ攟䦳⬠ 㟉䷦㓰堐䎦⍫䄏㊯㧁ġ 夷∫䷦㓰䭉䎮䦳⸷妪 ⭂䚠斄䭉䎮彎㱽ġ ⺢䩳䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎句 ⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮➟埴ġ ⻟⊾㚫嬘≇傥姽Ộ䷦ 㓰䭉䎮㨇⇞ġ ┬䓐㽨⊝䫾䔍炻㚱㓰 ㍸⋯埴㓧㓰傥䘬ἄ㱽 ㆾ㕡⺷ġ .13 .21 .21 ȦIJġ ䷦㓰 䭉䎮 ㊯㧁ġ .91 .84 .91 .91 .88 .90 .75 .93 .91 .89 .89
㹅忂䭉忻⍲ᷣ≽㚵⊁㨇⇞ˣ句⮎⑩岒䭉䎮䘬⚆棳姽㟠㨇⇞ˣ⺢䩳ẍ暨㯪冯㺧シ䁢⮶ ⎹䘬㚵⊁グἛ炻⇯ˬ㍐˭⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬≃慷ḇグ⻟炻㬌䳸㝄⮯㛔䞼䨞ᷕˬ㍐䘬㧉 ⺷˭`姕斄ὪḰẍ䳸㥳⊾ˤ 炷Ḵ炸⼴㝄嬲枭䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁ᷳ䳸㥳㧉⺷↮㜸
䓙⚾ 4 ⎗䞍炻Y1 ⇘ Y6 ℕᾳ㷔慷㊯㧁烉妪⭂役ˣᷕˣ攟䦳⬠㟉䷦㓰堐䎦⍫䄏 ㊯㧁ˣ夷∫䷦㓰䭉䎮䦳⸷妪⭂䚠斄䭉䎮彎㱽ˣ⺢䩳䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎句⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮➟埴ˣ ⻟⊾㚫嬘≇傥姽Ộ䷦㓰䭉䎮㨇⇞ˣ┬䓐㽨⊝䫾䔍炻㚱㓰㍸⋯埴㓧㓰傥䘬ἄ㱽ㆾ㕡⺷ˣ 忳䓐䷦㓰䭉䎮䫾䔍忼⇘⬠㟉㔁做䚖㧁䘬 ῤグ⣏炻⇯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬ˬ㉱˭≃グ⻟ˤ ℕᾳ㷔慷㊯㧁ᷳ ῤ↮⇍䁢 .75ˣ .93ˣ .91ˣ .89ˣ .89ˣ .90炻℞ t ῤ䘮忼⇘栗叿 㯜㸾ˤ Y1 ⇘ Y6 悥㷔慷⇘䚠⎴䘬㼃⛐⚈䳈 #1炷㉱≃炸炻㧉⺷⚾⎗妋慳䁢烉䔞䷦㓰䭉䎮 ㊯㧁ᷳ妪⭂役ˣᷕˣ攟䦳⬠㟉䷦㓰堐䎦⍫䄏㊯㧁ˣ夷∫䷦㓰䭉䎮䦳⸷妪⭂䚠斄䭉䎮 彎㱽ˣ⺢䩳䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎句⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮➟埴ˣ⻟⊾㚫嬘≇傥姽Ộ䷦㓰䭉䎮㨇⇞ˣ┬ 䓐㽨⊝䫾䔍炻㚱㓰㍸⋯埴㓧㓰傥䘬ἄ㱽ㆾ㕡⺷ˣ忳䓐䷦㓰䭉䎮䫾䔍忼⇘⬠㟉㔁做䚖 㧁グἛ炻⇯ˬ㉱˭䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬≃慷ḇグ⻟炻㬌䳸㝄⮯㛔䞼䨞ᷕˬ㉱䘬㧉⺷˭` 姕斄ὪḰẍ䳸㥳⊾ˤ 炷ᶱ炸⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁⮵䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬⼙枧㓰㝄↮㜸
䵄ᶲ徘炻㛔䞼䨞㧉⺷怑惵⹎列⤥炻ᶼ㍐冯㉱䘬㧉⺷䳸㥳䘮Ἓ炻㓗㊩㛔䞼䨞㧉 ⺷䘬`姕炻侴⚾ 4 ⎗婒㖶㛔㧉⺷ᷳḺ≽斄Ὢ炻⛐⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁军䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬ᷣ 天嶗⼹ᶲ炻嶗⼹Ὢ㔠 !11 䁢 .95炻℞ t ῤ䁢 10.81炻忼 .001 栗叿㯜㸾炻Ṏ⌛⇵⚈嬲 枭炷⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁炸⮵⼴㝄嬲枭炷䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁炸℟㚱栗叿⼙枧㓰㝄ˤ
έȃᆣӫଆ፣
㛔䞼䨞憅⮵ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁˭ˣˬ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁˭忚埴槿嫱⿏⚈䳈↮㜸炻㒔 ⭂㷔慷㊯㧁ᷳ㍐≃冯㉱≃攻䘬`姕斄Ὢ炻槿嫱⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁冯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁Ḻ≽ 㧉⺷ᷳ怑惵⹎冯⼙枧≃炻䳸㝄䘤䎦⛐怑惵⹎㊯㧁ᷕ炻㛔䞼䨞㧉⺷䫎⎰㔜橼怑惵⹎ ㊯㧁ˣ㭼庫怑惵⹎㊯㧁ˣ䱦䯉怑惵⹎㊯㧁ˣ➢㛔怑惵⹎㊯㧁冯ℏ⛐怑惵⹎㊯㧁ˤ 櫷⽿堉炷2009炸䘬䞼䨞䳸㝄䘤䎦炻冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉㊯㧁㔜橼怑⎰⿏Ⱄ㕤列⤥䦳⹎炻 栗䣢㊯㧁⎬⎹⹎⛯傥㵝味⃒岒⬠㟉忳ἄᷳ㔜橼朊⎹炻㬌冯㛔䞼䨞䳸㝄栆Ụ炻㓗㊩ 㛔䞼䨞㧉⺷䘬`姕ˤ㟡㒂⇵⚈嬲枭炷⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁炸䘬䳸㥳↮㜸炻X1 ⇘ X5 Ḽᾳ㷔慷㊯㧁䘬 ῤグ ⣏炻⇯⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬ˬ㍐˭≃グ⻟炻㎃妨ᷳ炻䔞 X1 ⇘ X5 䘬㷔慷㊯㧁グἛ炻⇯ˬ㍐˭ ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬≃慷ḇグ⻟炻ἳ⤪烉昛㛐㞙炷2005炸䘬䞼䨞䘤䎦炻ˬISO 9000 ⑩岒䭉 䎮㳣≽˭⮵ˬ埴㓧㚵⊁⑩岒˭㚱栗叿䘬㬋䚠斄⍲檀⹎䘬枸㷔≃烊㟪䳡屆炷2007炸䘬 䞼䨞䳸㝄ḇ栗䣢炻⃒岒⑩岒䭉䎮䫾䔍䘬忳䓐⛐冢⊿ⶪ㚱栗叿ㆸ㓰炻德忶⎬枭⑩岒 䭉䎮㷔慷㊯㧁䘬⮎嶸炻㚱≑㕤枸㷔冯㍸⋯⬠㟉䘬⑩岒䭉䎮ˤ℞㫉炻⬠㟉昌Ḯ天ᷣ≽ 䝕妋㚵⊁⮵尉䘬暨㯪⍲㺧シ⹎⢾炻㚜枰ẍ䧵㤝ᷣ≽ˣ㚵⊁㹅忂䘬ン⹎炻㍸⋯埴㓧冯 㔁⬠ᷳ㚵⊁⑩岒炻㬌㊯㧁ℏ⭡冯㣲㋗昮炷2004炸䘬䞼䨞䳸㝄栆Ụ炻䫎⎰⇵⚈嬲枭ᷕ ˬ⺢䩳ẍ暨㯪冯㺧シ䁢⮶⎹䘬㚵⊁˭グἛ炻⇯⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁ˬ㍐˭≃グ⻟䘬䞼䨞䳸 㝄ˤ㚨⼴炻ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮冯⑩岒㍸⋯⍲⬠㟉埴㓧㓰傥䘬斄Ὢ炻⏰栗叿㬋䚠斄ᶼ℟㚱 栗叿枸㷔≃炻㬌冯恙晭⧇炷2005炸䘬䞼䨞栆Ụˤ⎗夳炻德忶ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮㚱≑㕤㍸ ⋯⬠㟉㓰傥炻侴ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮䘬デ⍿䦳⹎グ檀炻⬠㟉㓰傥グἛ炻䫎⎰⇵⚈嬲枭ᷕˬ⺢ 䩳⬠㟉ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮䘬妰䔓ㆾ㕡㟰˭グἛ炻⇯⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁ˬ㍐˭≃グ⻟䘬䳸㝄ˤ 㟡㒂⼴㝄嬲枭炷䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁炸䘬䳸㥳↮㜸炻Y1 ⇘ Y6 ℕᾳ㷔慷㊯㧁䘬 ῤグ ⣏炻⇯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬ˬ㉱˭≃グ⻟炻㎃妨ᷳ炻䔞 Y1 ⇘ Y6 䘬㷔慷㊯㧁グἛ炻⇯ˬ㉱˭ ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬≃慷ḇグ⻟ˤ惕䥳屜炷2004炸䘬䞼䨞䘤䎦炻劍䝕妋䷦㓰䭉䎮䘬➢㛔 㑵ἄ䦳⸷炻⽭傥ἧ䭉䎮㳩䦳枮㙊炻㓞ḳ⋲≇ᷳ㓰烊嫅䘤㗙炷2004炸䘬䞼䨞䘤䎦炻 ⬠㟉⮎㕥䷦㓰䭉䎮⎗㍸⋯⬠㟉埴㓧㓰傥⍲㔁ⷓ㔁⬠㓰傥炻劍⬠㟉傥⃭↮㌴㎉䷦㓰䭉 䎮䘬⮎㕥⍇⇯炻怑䔞忳䓐㕤埴㓧䭉䎮炻⌛ἧ㛒㬋⺷⮎㕥䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎炻ṵ傥䘤㎖䚠 ⎴㓰䓐炻䫎⎰⇵⚈嬲枭ᷕˬ夷∫䷦㓰䭉䎮䦳⸷妪⭂䚠斄䭉䎮彎㱽˭ˣˬ忳䓐䷦㓰䭉䎮 䫾䔍忼⇘⬠㟉㔁做䚖㧁˭䫱グἛ炻⇯⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁ˬ㍐˭≃グ⻟䘬䳸㝄ˤ⛐ˬ⺢䩳 ䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎句⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮➟埴˭㊯㧁㕡朊炻劍⎬㟉埴㓧Ṣ⒉⸛㗪⯙⇑䓐㚠朊ㆾ 屯妲䲣䴙炻⭂㛇⮯⎬嗽⭌䘬ㆸ㝄≈ẍ⼁㔜ˣ㬠㨼炻᷎⺢䩳䚠斄屯㕁⹓烊⛐姕㕥䭉䎮 ᶲ炻Ṏ㘖念㚱䵕ᾖᾅ梲䘬㤪⾝䔁㚱姀抬炻㚜㚱埴㓧䘬㧁㸾ἄ㤕㳩䦳炻⺢䩳➢㛔䘬 ䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎炻昌傥㚱㓰䭉㍏埴㓧㚵⊁ᷳ⑩岒炻忼⇘⑩岒䭉䎮䘬䚖䘬⢾炻㚜傥⎴㗪 句⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮ᷳ➟埴炻㬌冯昛㴟晬炷2006炸䘬䞼䨞䳸㝄栆Ụˤ 㛔䞼䨞䘤䎦炻⇵⚈嬲枭炷⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁炸⮵⼴㝄嬲枭炷䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁炸℟㚱栗 叿⼙枧≃炻冯䚠斄䞼䨞婾㔯⮵䄏⎗䞍炻德忶ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮⎗㍸⋯⬠㟉㓰傥炻侴ℐ朊 ⑩岒䭉䎮䘬デ⍿䦳⹎グ檀炻⬠㟉㓰傥グἛ炻ἳ⤪烉姙⒚㔯炷2006炸䘬䞼䨞䘤䎦炻ℐ 朊⑩岒䭉䎮冯⬠㟉埴㓧㓰傥℟㚱栗叿㬋䚠斄炻ᶼℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮⎬⎹⹎⮵⬠㟉埴㓧㓰 傥⎬⎹⹎℟㚱檀枸㷔≃烊⼕䑲䐌炷2002炸Ṏ德忶⮎嫱䞼䨞嫱㖶炻⚳㮹ᷕ⬠ℐ朊⑩岒 䭉䎮冯⬠㟉㓰傥⏰䎦檀⹎㬋⎹℠✳䚠斄炻ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮⎬⎹⹎德忶℠✳嬲枭⮵㕤⬠
㟉㓰傥⎬⎹⹎䘬妋慳嬲䔘慷忼 38.42%炻侴⬠㟉㓰傥⎬⎹⹎德忶℠✳嬲枭⮵ℐ朊⑩岒 䭉䎮⎬⎹⹎䘬妋慳嬲䔘慷忼 61.92%ˤ䵄妨ᷳ炻⬠㟉埴㓧Ṣ⒉⮵⮎㕥⑩岒䭉䎮⼴ᷳ㓰 䙲㊩偗⭂䚳㱽炻傥㚜㶭㤂⛘娵䞍ᶼ娵⎴⬠㟉埴㓧ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮䘬 㱽炻⎴㗪ḇ檀⹎ 偗⭂冯㺧シ⬠㟉䷦㓰⍲㓰傥炻⎗夳⑩岒䭉䎮㗗㍸檀⬠㟉埴㓧䷦㓰冯埴㓧㚵⊁⑩岒䘬 斄挝炻㬌䫎⎰㛔䞼䨞⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁冯䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁ᷳḺ≽㧉⺷嶗⼹斄Ὢ炻ᶼ⑩岒䭉 䎮㊯㧁⮵䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁℟㚱栗叿⼙枧㓰㝄ˤ
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Ιȃ๖፣
⚆栏䚠斄㔯䌣炻㛔㔯⽆冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮䘬ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁˭冯ˬ䷦㓰 䭉䎮㊯㧁˭ᷳℏ㵝↮㜸妶婾炻䴙㔜⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁⮵䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁ᷳ⼙枧㓰㝄ˤ 炷ᶨ炸⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁䴻槿嫱⼴炻℟㚱列⤥䘬怑惵⹎炻℞䴻䆇⃒岒⬠㟉ᷳ℟橼䫾䔍⊭ ㊔烉1.⺢䩳⬠㟉ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮䘬妰䔓ㆾ㕡㟰烊2.㒔⭂⑩岒䭉䎮䘬㧁㸾ἄ㤕㳩 䦳烊3.⺢䩳㹅忂䭉忻⍲ᷣ≽㚵⊁㨇⇞烊4.句⮎⑩岒䭉䎮䘬⚆棳姽㟠㨇⇞烊5.⺢ 䩳ẍ暨㯪冯㺧シ䁢⮶⎹䘬㚵⊁ˤȐ
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䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䴻槿嫱⼴炻℟㚱列⤥䘬怑惵⹎炻℞䴻䆇⃒岒⬠㟉ᷳ℟橼䫾䔍⊭ ㊔烉1.妪⭂役ˣᷕˣ攟䦳⬠㟉䷦㓰堐䎦⍫䄏㊯㧁烊2.夷∫䷦㓰䭉䎮䦳⸷妪⭂䚠 斄䭉䎮彎㱽烊3.⺢䩳䷦㓰䭉䎮⇞⹎句⮎䷦㓰䭉䎮➟埴烊4.⻟⊾㚫嬘≇傥姽Ộ䷦ 㓰䭉䎮㨇⇞烊5.┬䓐㽨⊝䫾䔍炻㚱㓰㍸⋯埴㓧㓰傥䘬ἄ㱽ㆾ㕡⺷烊6.忳䓐䷦㓰 䭉䎮䫾䔍忼⇘⬠㟉㔁做䚖㧁ˤ 炷ᶱ炸⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁⮵䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬⼙枧䴻槿嫱⼴炻℟㚱栗叿䘬⼙枧㓰㝄ˤ㛔䞼 䨞ẍ 135 ỵ冢⊿ⶪ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉埴㓧Ṣ⒉䁢㧋㛔炻↮⇍憅⮵ˬ⑩岒䭉䎮㊯ 㧁˭冯ˬ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁˭忚埴槿嫱⿏⚈䳈↮㜸炻㒔⭂㷔慷㊯㧁ᷳ㍐≃冯㉱≃ 攻䘬`姕斄Ὢ炻槿嫱⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁⮵䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁Ḻ≽㧉⺷ᷳ怑惵⹎冯⼙枧 ≃ˤ䵄⎰ᶲ徘炻㛔䞼䨞㧉⺷怑惵⹎列⤥炻ᶼ㍐冯㉱䘬㧉⺷䳸㥳䘮Ἓ炻㓗㊩㛔䞼䨞㧉 ⺷䘬`姕炻Ṏ⌛⇵⚈嬲枭炷⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁炸⮵⼴㝄嬲枭炷䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁炸℟㚱栗叿 䘬⼙枧≃ˤ⚈㬌炻䓙㛔䞼䨞ᷳ䳸㝄⎗䞍烉⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁⮵䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁℟㚱栗叿⼙
枧㓰㝄ˤ
Πȃ࡚ដ
㛔䞼䨞㟡㒂㔯䌣㍊妶ˣ䞼䨞䳸㝄↮㜸冯妶婾炻㍸↢ẍᶳ⺢嬘炻㍸ὃ㔁做埴㓧ˣ ⬠㟉埴㓧⍲㛒Ἦ䞼䨞ᷳ⍫侫ˤ 炷ᶨ炸⮵㔁做埴㓧ᷳ⺢嬘 1. 句⮎䴙妰屯㕁⹓ᷳ⺢伖冯⍫岥ㆸ㝄ᷳ⼁㔜䘬䷦㓰䭉䎮
⃒岒⬠㟉㭷⸜冱彎䘬䞼佺冯ㆸ㝄䘤堐炻嬻䌚䋶⬠㟉㚱㨇㚫⏰䎦℞䍵屜䘬㕡㟰冯 屯㕁炻㬌䘮䁢⎬㟉ㆸ⒉▼⽫㿅埨ᷳἄ炻劍傥⮯ḅ⣏⎹⹎䘬ἄ⑩吸普滲ℐ炻普䳸ㆸ⬴ 㔜䘬㚠朊ㆾ暣⫸屯㕁炻ὧ⎗句⮎䞍嬀ˣe ⊾⍲䷦㓰䭉䎮䘬䎮⾝炻⎴㗪⎗嬻ᷳ⼴䘬⍫岥 ⬠㟉㚱㑘⮓䘬⍫侫ὅ㒂炻㬌䧖屯㸸䴙㔜㕡⺷炻⌛䁢䷦㓰䭉䎮ᷕ曰㳣忳䓐屯㸸䘬䭉䎮 䫾䔍炻ℤ栏忶䦳冯䳸㝄炻᷎慵夾岒冯慷䘬⛯堉烊㬌⢾炻⺢嬘ᷣ䭉㔁做埴㓧㨇斄⎗䴙 妰冒⃒岒⬠㟉攳彎ẍἮ䘬⍫岥⬠㟉炻ẍ㶭㤂䝕妋⍫≈䘬⬠㟉㔠ˣ⎬㟉⍫≈ᷳ㫉㔠䫱炻 ⮵㕤㭷⸜⍫岥ᷳ⬠㟉炻ㆾ⎗䴎Ḱ䋶⊝炻溻⊝℞䧵㤝⹎㊩临⿏炻㬌冱⮵℞Ṿ⬠㟉Ṏ ⎗䓊䓇䣢䭬㓰㝄炻䡢ᾅ⃒岒⬠㟉䘬㯠临䘤⯽ˤ 2. ὅ㒂姽怠⮎晃ね㱩⍲⎬㟉⺢嬘冯暨㯪炻ᶵ㕟⃭⮎⍲ᾖ㬋姽揹㊯㧁
⃒岒⬠㟉姽怠⇞⹎↮ᶱ昶㭝烉⇅怠ˣ墯怠㰢怠炻⇅怠ẍ⎬㟉屯㕁忚埴⮑㞍炻 墯怠㗪䓙埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎ᷳ姽⮑㔁㌰呆㟉姒姽炻㰢怠㗪䓙姽怠⛀昲⮑㞍ℍ怠⬠㟉ᷳ⮰ 㟰⟙⏲ˤ䚖⇵⎬㟉埴㓧䭉䎮ᷳ忳ἄ⣏悐↮傥㌴㎉⚃枭㊯㧁炻ᶼ娵䁢㊯㧁ᷳ㵝味⹎枿 Ἓ炻Ữ悐↮㊯㧁枭䚖ℏ⭡ᷳ㍷徘忶㕤㉥尉ㆾ䰈䴙炻㖻忈ㆸᶵ⎴妋嬨ㆾ奨⾝㶟㵮炻忚 侴⮶农⬠㟉埴㓧Ṣ⒉⛐➟埴ᶲ䘬⚘暋炻⚈㬌㚱⽭天㕤姽怠ᶱ昶㭝忶䦳ᷕ炻⮎晃䝕妋 ⎬㟉⮵姽揹㊯㧁ᷳ䎮妋炻᷎德忶埴㓧Ṣ⒉䘬⺢嬘冯暨㯪炻惵⎰⬠侭⮰⭞ᷳ⮰㤕姽Ộ炻 ㊩临⮑ヶᾖ㬋冯⃭⮎姽揹㊯㧁ᷳ㔀徘炻ᾦἧ㊯㧁圵忂䎮婾冯⮎⊁炻㍸⋯㔁做⑩岒炻 忼⇘䷦㓰䭉䎮ᷳ䚖㧁ˤ 炷Ḵ炸⮵⬠㟉埴㓧ᷳ⺢嬘 1. 㒔⭂⻰⿏䘬⑩岒䭉䎮妰䔓⍲㧁㸾ἄ㤕㳩䦳
⬠㟉ᷕ㟉⊁䷩暄炻晾㚱ᶨ⭂䘬㧁㸾⊾ἄ㤕㳩䦳炻Ữ劍⣏⮷ḳ⛯枰䴻䓙㧁㸾ἄ㤕 䦳⸷炻㚫⣒便屣Ṣ≃ˣ䈑≃⍲㗪攻炻⚈㬌⬠㟉⎗ὅ䄏⎬冒ᶵ⎴䘬暨㯪炻⻰⿏夷∫⑩
岒䭉䎮䘬埴㓧ⶍἄ㗪䦳ㆾ㧁㸾ἄ㤕㳩䦳炻⤪㬌ㇵᶵ㚫⛐䦳⸷ᶲ㴒屣忶⣂㗪攻炻ḇᶵ 㚫句ℍ婒⼿⣂ˣ ⼿⮹䘬徟⿅烊㬌⢾炻⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬㤪⾝㸸冒ẩ㤕䘬ℐ朊⑩岒䭉 䎮炷TQM炸䎮婾炻㚱㗪᷎ᶵ⬴ℐ怑䓐㕤⬠㟉埴㓧⮎⊁ᶲ炻⚈䁢⑩岒䭉䎮㍏⇞䘬㗗䈑 ⑩炻Ữ㔁做㗗做Ṣ炻ℑ侭㚱⼰⣏⋨⇍炻㛔䞼䨞⺢嬘⬠㟉埴㓧Ṣ⒉⎗┬䓐 P-D-C-A ⽒ 䑘䘬⑩䭉䲣䴙炻ᶵ㕟吸普ˣ↮㜸㔜䎮炻ἄ䁢㊩临㓡忚䘬ὅ㒂炻ẍ㚵⊁⮵尉䘬暨㯪冯 㺧シ䁢ὅ㬠炻⎴㗪⮯⑩岒䭉䎮⚆㬠军⬠㟉栀㘗炻⽆栀㘗↢䘤炻㊩临㓡忚埴㓧䷦㓰ˤ 2. ⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮ᷳ忳ἄ枰䳸⎰⎬㟉栀㘗
⬠㟉䴻䆇䘮枰䵲㈋栀㘗炻ㇵ傥㊩临㛅⎹枸ㆠᷳ㔁做䚖㧁⇵忚炻侴ᶵ㗗䁢⑩岒冯 ䷦㓰ᷳ㍸⋯炻䆇忈姙⣂〾暊㟠⽫栀㘗䘬㳣≽炻⛐㳣≽㙯剙ᶨ䎦⼴ὧᶵḮḮᷳ炻忁㗗 䚠䔞⎗や䘬ˤ⚈㬌炻⃒岒⬠㟉䘬埴㓧䭉䎮⽭枰⃰⺢㥳⬠㟉栀㘗ㆾ⚾⁷炻ℵẍ㬌䁢㟠 ⽫炻德忶ẍ䞍嬀䭉䎮䁢ᷣ庠炻ẍ e ⊾䭉䎮䁢ⶍ℟炻⛐㳩䦳ᷕ慵夾⑩岒䭉䎮炻⮵㕤䳸 㝄慵夾䷦㓰䭉䎮炻䷥橼堐䎦䳬ㆸ⃒岒䘬⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮炻㎃妨ᷳ炻⬠㟉埴㓧Ṣ⒉⽭枰 ㌴㎉䘬㟠⽫奨⾝㗗烉埴㓧䭉䎮ᷳἄ䁢⛯冯栀㘗䳸⎰炻᷎ẍ栀㘗䁢㕡憅㊯⺽⃒岒⬠㟉 埴㓧䭉䎮ᷳ忳ἄˤ 炷ᶱ炸⮵㛒Ἦ䞼䨞ᷳ⺢嬘 1. 㒜⣏䞼䨞⮵尉 㛔䞼䨞ẍ冢⊿ⶪ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉埴㓧Ṣ⒉䁢䞼䨞⮵尉炻᷎㛒⊭⏓檀ᷕ借⬠㟉埴 㓧Ṣ⒉炻ᶼ旸㕤冢⊿ⶪ炻⚈侴㍐婾䭬⚵㚱ᶨ⭂䘬旸⇞ˤ㛒Ἦ䞼䨞⎗㍉⣏㧋㛔㕥㷔炻 ⮯䞼䨞⮵尉䲵ℍ℞Ṿ⛘⋨ˣ䷋ⶪᷳ⚳㮹ᷕ⮷⬠⬠㟉埴㓧Ṣ⒉⍲檀ᷕ借⬠㟉埴㓧Ṣ ⒉炻ἧ䞼䨞ㆸ㝄傥㍐婾军℞Ṿ䷋ⶪ炻啱ẍ⺢䩳㚜⬴㔜䘬⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎ᷳ屯 㕁炻᷎㚱≑㕤⼴临ᷳ䞼䨞ˤ 2. ⡆≈䞼䨞⎹⹎ 㛔䞼䨞䚖䘬⛐䝕妋冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎䘬⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁⍲䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯ 㧁ᷳℏ㵝冯䎦㱩炻ẍἄ䁢姽怠⃒岒⬠㟉ᷳ⍫侫㧁㸾炻᷎忚ᶨ㬍槿嫱⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁冯 ䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁ᷳ怑惵⹎炻ẍ⍲⑩岒䭉䎮㊯㧁⮵䷦㓰䭉䎮㊯㧁䘬栗叿⼙枧㓰㝄ˤ㛒Ἦ 䞼䨞⎗⯙⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎ẍ⢾䘬℞Ṿ⎹⹎ἄ䁢䞼䨞䃎溆炻⤪烉㟉攟柀⮶ˣ㔁 ⷓ㔁⬠ˣ⬠䓇⬠佺ˣ㟉⚺䆇忈䫱炻ẍ㛇㚜㶙ℍ䎮妋⃒岒⬠㟉䘬䚠斄ℏ㵝ˤ
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ἁ㮹⮏炷2006炸ˤ㼃⛐嬲枭㧉⺷烉SIMPLIS 䘬ㅱ䓐ˤ冢⊿ⶪ烉檀䫱㔁做ˤ
ἁỹ嗕炷嬗炸炷2002炸ˤP. Sydanmaanlakka 叿ˤ⺢㥳㘢ㄏ✳䳬䷼烉㚱㓰㔜⎰䷦㓰䭉䎮ˣ 傥 ≃ 䭉 䎮 䞍 嬀 䭉 䎮 䘬 䳬 ䷼ 㧉 ⺷ 炷 An intelligent organization : integrating performance, competence and knowledge management炸ˤ冢⊿䷋烉ᷕ⚳䓇䓊≃ᷕ⽫ˤ ⏛㶭Ⱉˣ㜿⣑䣸炷2003炸ˤ䅰⟼⬠㟉ˤ㔁做屯㕁冯䞼䨞炻50炻117-118ˤ ⏛㶭➢炷2005炸ˤẍ⃒岒⬠㟉㊯㧁徥㯪⋻崲ˣ⃒岒ˣ䱦䶣ˣ∝㕘ᷳ㔁做栀㘗ˤ庱㕤冢 ⊿ⶪ㔁ⷓ䞼佺ᷕ⽫炷ᷣ䶐炸炻⃒岒⬠㟉炷枩 6-17炸ˤ冢⊿ⶪ烉⊿ⶪ㔁䞼ᷕ⽫ˤ ⏛㶭➢炷2006炸ˤ⃒岒⬠㟉 2006ˤ庱㕤冢⊿ⶪ㔁ⷓ䞼佺ᷕ⽫炷ᷣ䶐炸炻⃒岒⬠㟉 2006 埴㓧䭯炷枩 6-13炸ˤ冢⊿ⶪ烉⊿ⶪ㔁䞼ᷕ⽫ˤ 恙⎱浜炷2008炸ˤ埴㓧椾攟柀⮶䫾䔍冯䳬䷼䷦㓰䭉䎮ˤ℔ℙ埴㓧⬠⟙炻26炻37-69ˤ 恙晭⧇炷2005炸ˤ⚳㮹⮷⬠ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮冯⬠㟉㓰傥斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞ˤ⚳䩳檀晬ⷓ䭬⣏⬠ ㆸṢ㔁做䞼䨞䡑⢓婾㔯炻㛒↢䇰炻檀晬ⶪˤ 㟪䳡屆炷2007炸ˤ冢⊿ⶪ⚳㮹⮷⬠㔁做⑩岒䭉䎮䫾䔍ᷳ䞼䨞ˤ㶉㰇⣏⬠㔁做㓧䫾冯柀 ⮶䞼䨞䡑⢓婾㔯炻㛒↢䇰炻冢⊿䷋ˤ ⻝㖶廅炷2003炸ˤ伶⚳啵ⷞ⬠㟉妰䔓ˤ⊿䷋㔁做炻25炻16-18ˤ ⻝㖶廅炷2005炸ˤ⃒岒⬠㟉㔁做㊯㧁 埴㓧䭉䎮ˣ柀⮶冯⬠㟉㔯⊾ˤ庱㕤冢⊿ⶪ㔁ⷓ 䞼佺ᷕ⽫炷ᷣ䶐炸炻⃒岒⬠㟉炷枩 18-29炸ˤ冢⊿ⶪ烉⊿ⶪ㔁䞼ᷕ⽫ˤ 姙⒚㔯炷2006炸ˤ⚳㮹⮷⬠ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮冯⬠㟉埴㓧㓰傥斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞ʇẍ⯷㜙䷋䁢 ἳˤ⚳䩳⯷㜙㔁做⣏⬠㔁做埴㓧䞼䨞䡑⢓婾㔯炻㛒↢䇰炻⯷㜙ⶪˤ 昛㛐慹炷2007炸ˤẍ⃒岒埴㓧䭉䎮䫾䔍㍐≽⃒岒⬠㟉䴻䆇ˤ庱㕤冢⊿ⶪ㔁ⷓ䞼佺ᷕ⽫ 炷ᷣ䶐炸炻⃒岒柀凒 埴㓧䭯炷枩 10-25炸ˤ冢⊿ⶪ烉⊿ⶪ㔁䞼ᷕ⽫ˤ 昛㛐慹ˣ恙楐₨炷2007炸ˤ㍐≽⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮ᾅ晄㔁做⑩岒ˤ⬠㟉埴㓧暁㚰↲炻 50炻87-102ˤ 昛㛐慹ˣ㣲⾝㸀炷2008炻11 㚰炸ˤ⃒岒⬠㟉埴㓧䭉䎮⮵㟉攟柀⮶冯⬠㟉䴻䆇䘬┇䣢ˤ 婾㔯䘤堐㕤⚳䩳⯷㜙㔁做⣏⬠冱彎ᷳˬ㔁做䴻䆇冯䓊⬠䫾䔍倗䚇˭⚳晃⬠埻䞼 妶㚫炻⯷㜙ⶪˤ 昛㛐㞙炷2005炸ˤ檀䳂ᷕ⬠⮶ℍ ISO 9000 ⑩岒䭉䎮㳣≽冯埴㓧㚵⊁⑩岒ᷳ䞼䨞ˤ⚳ 䩳㓧㱣⣏⬠㔁做⬠䲣䡑⢓婾㔯炻㛒↢䇰炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 昛㴟晬炷2006炸ˤ⬠㟉冒ㆹ姽揹ᷳ䞼䨞ʇẍᶨ檀借䁢ἳˤ⚳䩳ᷕ㬋⣏⬠㔁做䞼䨞 䡑⢓婾㔯炻㛒↢䇰炻▱佑䷋ˤ
⼕䑲䐌炷2002炸ˤ⚳㮹ᷕ⬠ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮冯⬠㟉㓰傥斄Ὢᷳ䞼䨞ˤ㶉㰇⣏⬠㔁做㓧䫾 冯柀⮶䞼䨞䡑⢓婾㔯炻㛒↢䇰炻冢⊿䷋ˤ 㣲⾝㸀炷2008炸ˤ冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉姽揹㊯㧁ᷳ䞼䨞 ẍ埴㓧䭉䎮⎹⹎䁢ἳˤ⚳䩳㓧㱣 ⣏⬠㔁做埴㓧冯㓧䫾䞼䨞䡑⢓婾㔯炻㛒↢䇰炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 㣲㋗昮炷2004炸ˤ⚳㮹ᷕ⬠⬠㟉埴㓧⮎㕥ℐ朊⑩岒䭉䎮ᷳᾳ㟰䞼䨞ˤ⚳䩳㓧㱣⣏⬠㔁 做⬠䲣䡑⢓婾㔯炻㛒↢䇰炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 冢⊿ⶪ㓧⹄㔁做⯨炷2004炸ˤ䱦䶣㔁做 冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉䴻䆇ㇳℲˤ冢⊿ⶪ烉ἄ侭ˤ 冢澱ⶪ 99 濜灏⃒岒⬠㟉姽怠⎹灏ˣ枭䚖ˣ㊯㧁ˣ姽⮑㧁㸾⍲澹侫ἄ㱽炷灖㓧䭉瀲炸 炷2010炸ˤ2010 ⸜ 6 㚰 14 㖍炻⍾冒 http://tpqs.tp.edu.tw/comm/DocView.aspx?S=YER20091202142220ZSH&CDE=DO C20091226115247LCD 惕䥳屜炷2004炸ˤ⚳㮹⮷⬠⮎㕥䷦㓰䭉䎮ᷳ䞼䨞ˤ冢⊿ⶪ䩳ⷓ䭬⬠昊⚳㮹㔁做䞼䨞 䡑⢓婾㔯炻㛒↢䇰炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 嫅㔯ℐ炷2004炸ˤ㔁做埴㓧⬠ˤ冢⊿ⶪ烉檀䫱㔁做ˤ 嫅䘤㗙炷2004炸ˤ䷦㓰䭉䎮⛐⚳㮹ᷕ⬠⬠㟉埴㓧ㅱ䓐ᷳ䞼䨞ʇʇẍ冢⊿䷋ⶪ䁢ἳˤ⚳ 䩳冢䀋ⷓ䭬⣏⬠㔁做⬠䲣䡑⢓婾㔯炻㛒↢䇰炻冢⊿ⶪˤ 櫷⽿堉炷2009炸ˤ冢⊿ⶪ⃒岒⬠㟉㊯㧁ℵ⺢㥳ᷳ䞼䨞ȹ㧁䪧⍾⎹ˤ冢⊿ⶪ䩳㔁做⣏⬠ 㔁做埴㓧冯姽揹䞼䨞䡑⢓婾㔯炻㛒↢䇰炻冢⊿ⶪˤ
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