我國環保類非營利組織策略聯盟之初探:以生態保育聯盟為例
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(24) (E). 0. )(rj:rtlD. r. F8. fUm ' f.ilmIDJ-ff. J tt~f:t. r -E1'~l:;m!1,~~~ J lW~i¥JmJ\m. • lW~*c~~~~.m*ftg. 8.. 9. 0. 10. , 11.. ~'9::;t$Jt 1. .:E~~,. IX " ~ " B.:tJ!ll1*lltl1TlJJm~Zliff~. 0. 1Ti&~~1*~liff~~t.. '. ~~ 82. fF.. 0. 2. trB)H~~' ~F-Wflj*JUlfln?J1T~Zliff~ 1Ti&lIJtmf3j.~liff~H. ' ~m 83 fF. •. 13.. 0. 3. . 81J!1!'. 1£~m~~M. : fi7tJtf"fJJi¥J*~~flj~. 0. -E1'~1:;. : ~fflJ)(1tiHiJ '. ~~ 85. 4. *EBW~' R. M. Kanter Jjj(~, r i'lf'F1I~-*6Mi¥JfliVfLj J ,t!tw*~:t!)(m, ~ 83. fF. 9 f3 ' Ji 18-47. 0. i&7tl*~i};jHTi&liff~mfij±~)(. 6. WJll~~' D.K.Rigby and Buchanan Jjj(~, r.m~~MY!m~1tJ. f3'. 0. m 97 m ' ~. , ~m 81 fF. •. 14.. 15.. ' t!tw*~:t!j(m ' m. 16.. 106-118·. 7. I'J~~' ~F~fIJ*g~0~n~,m~ftgZ:t!~i1iW.illf--!.lt1*lIIeZM*7:t;fJT liff::re?rrm±~)(. fF.. 0. 5. ~t!tm, ~F'itfIJ~Br~f:ti}*1Ti&ZI?. 98:M ' ~m 83 fF. 10. 12.. • i&7tl*~0~1Ti&. 17.. , ~m 85. 18. 1. Aaker, D. A. (1992) ,Developing Business Stategies. New York: John Wiley & Son. 2. Ackerman,L.D. (1994), .. Managing the Image ofa Joint Venture," Di!ectors & Boards, 18(2), Winter ,pp.47-49. 3. Anheier, H. K. and W. Seible (eds.) (l990),The Third Sector: Comparative Studies of Nonprofit Organizations. New York: Walter de Gruyter. Directors & Boards, 18(2),. 4. Bleeke,J. and D. Ernst, (1994), .. Collaborating to Compete," Winter, pp.7-11.. 5. Bluestein,A.I. (1994), .. A Four-Step Process For Creating alIi-ance,". Directors & Boards,. 18(2), Winter, pp.25-27. 6. Bowen,W.G. et al., (1994),The Charitable Nonprofits : An Analysis of Institutional Dynamics and Characteristics. San Fran-cisco, CA:Jossey-Bass Inc.,Publishers. 7. Chan,P.S.and D.Heide, (1993), .. Strategic Alliance In Technology Weapon," Sam Advanced Management Joumal,58(4), Autumn. 34. pp.9-17.. Key Competitive.
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