尿失禁婦女之健康信念與求醫行為
The Association of Medical Seeking Behaviors and Health Belief of Urinary Incontinence Women
中文摘要
綜合國內外研究顯示，12.7-48.5%的社區民眾曾經歷過不自主漏尿的情形，其中 求醫人數卻僅佔二至三成。專家估計，2005 年時台灣的老年人口達 10%；2019 年更會突破 15%以上。以尿失禁好發於 40 歲以上婦女之條件來看，未來需要面 對尿失禁問題者將成倍數之成長。本研究旨在，應用健康信念，進行各相關因素 全面性的探討，期能了解影響因素之全面風貌，以作為發展預防或介入措施之基 石。
研究採個案對照研究法（case-control study），研究對象為年滿 35 歲以上，自述 過去ㄧ年中曾經歷過無法控制而漏尿之婦女，以至醫院泌尿科及婦產科尋求尿失 禁醫療協助之婦女為個案組；社區中具尿失禁問題但未尋求醫療協助之婦女為對 照組。採結構式問卷進行資料之收集。研究結束共收 126 位個案，有效問卷 122 份（求醫組 60 份，未求醫組 62 份）。研究結果如下：
一、在基本人口學特質方面：求醫組中職業為家管、具自然產經驗、生產次數、
罹患慢性病等比例，顯著高於未求醫組。另，求醫組中已停經者的比例高於未求 醫組，達臨界顯著水準。
二、研究對象具求醫行為者的利益性認知、罹患性認知、嚴重性認知、行動線索 皆顯著高於無求醫行為者。
三、研究對象無求醫行為者的障礙性認知顯著高於求醫者。
根據研究結果，為提昇婦女尿失禁患者之求醫率。建議透過各樣管道，如：社區 宣導活動、網路等，加強民眾對於尿失禁的認識，破除既有的迷思。並且透過在 職教育或專業團體之研討會，醫療人員應加強本身對於尿失禁之專業知識。
英文摘要
Past studies showed that 12.7-48.5% community-dwelling people had experienced involuntary urinary incontinence, but only 20-30% of them sought for medical help.
In Taiwan, senior citizens had reached 10% of population in 2005, and may exceed 15% in 2019. We are facing the multiplication of urinary incontinence since women over their 40s suffered it more than the other groups in the population. The purpose of this study was to determine the associated factors of medical seeking behaviors among urinary incontinence women using health belief concepts in order to develop the strategies of prevention and intervention of urinary incontinence.
This study was conducted via a case-control study design. Women aged over 35 years old who had ever leaked urine and further sought for medical help at OBGYN or GU clinics were recruited as the case group; women who had ever leak urine but
not seeking any medical help were recruited as the control group. The data were collected with structured-questionnaire. There were total 126 subjects enrolled in this study (case group=60, control group=62), and 122 valid questionnaires were retrieved.
Result:
1. Demographic: in the case group, the percentages of housewives, frequency of NSD, suffering from chronic diseases were significantly higher than those in the control group. Furthermore, the percentage of menopausal women in the case group was boarderline significant higher than the control group.
2. In the case group, the perceived benefits of seeking medical help, cues to action, perceived susceptibility and perceived seriousness of urinary incontinence were significantly higher than those in the control group.
3. In the control group, barriers to seeking medical help was significantly higher than those in the case group.
According to the results in this study, in order to raise the percentage of urinary incontinence women’s seeking behaviors, we suggest that allied medical
professions should popularize the knowledge of urinary incontinence through various manners including communal propagation and Internet to eradicate myth.
Allied medical professions should also strengthen their professional knowledge of urinary incontinence through in-service training or conferences held by professional groups.
