ඒߛઔߒႃע
รԼᙀรԲཚʳ 2003 ڣ 6 ִʳ 141-173
ଽ้ఀىᐌځϞሬШၶ!
ᐜ ጎ ᓸ ! ဢ ! ࡌ
۞ൕ 1960 ڣזאࠐΔඒߛऱᖞࠓլਢᑛ֗ᖾچᓳᖞඒߛ
ዌऱਙΔՈਢ२ڣࠐݺഏඒߛឩՕᑓΕ૾܅ګءΕ༼֒ய֗ಳޣ ᖂ࠱။ऱૹฃΖᕣጥᖞࠓڇݺഏඒߛ֧ದᐖऑऱࣹრࡉಘᓵΔ܀ਢ ڼԫᤜᠲऱઌᣂઔߒॺൄڶૻΖԱ᠖ඒߛᖞࠓऱઌᣂᄗ࢚ΔࠀၞԫޡԱ ᇞࡉଗᢴഏ؆ऱਙፖ܂ऄ֗ࠡ࣠ࡉᐙΔء֮ଈ٣൶ಘඒߛᖞࠓऱ؆ຝ
֗փຝ೯ԺΔࠡڻ։࣫ඒߛᖞࠓऱᣊীፖᐛ֗ࠡࡉᖲዌ۞հၴऱᣂএΔ
່৵٦א๛ᥞΕᖾፖபԿഏऱඒߛᖞࠓ֗ࠟଡףஞՕூࠏΔ։ܑطݛᨠ ࡉპᨠऱߡ৫ᎅࣔඒߛᖞࠓਢԫଡॺൄᓤᠧऱመ࿓Δؘႊڶࣔᒔऱਙࡉ
ൻਜΔࠡ࣠֗ګඓᏁطڍցߡ৫ࠐေ۷Ζ
ᜢᗖӷǺଯ௲ػǵٳǵ୯ሞКၨ
ҁЎբޣࣁ୯ҥҬ೯εᏢ௲ػࣴز܌௲
ႝηແҹࣁǺhhtai@cc.nctu.edu.tw
ዺВයǺ2003 ԃ 1 Д 2 Вǹ௦ҔВයǺ2003 ԃ 5 Д 9 В
Bulletin of Educational Research June, 2003, Vol. 49 No. 2 pp. 141-173
Integration/Merger in Higher Education:
A Comparative Study
Hsiou-Hsia Tai A b s t r a c t
Since the 1960s, the institutional integration/merger has been an important policy in many countries in their efforts to restructure their higher educational systems.
Recently, this also has been adopted in Taiwan to pursue an economy of scale, lower costs, greater efficiency, and academic excellence. In contrast to the strong interest shown by certain circles of policy-makers, very limited attention has been devoted to research on this topic. In order to clarify related ideas and to learn from the experience of other countries, this paper addresses the issue firstly by exploring the external and internal driving forces. Secondly, the types of integration/merger and their respective impact on institutional autonomy are analyzed. Finally, the experiences of the Netherlands, Australia, and Norway as well as two integration cases in Canada are discussed through both a macro and micro investigation. To conclude, the institutional integration/merger in higher education can be very complex, and thus clear-cut policies
Professor, Institute of Education, National Chiao-Tung University E-mail: hhtai@cc.nctu.edu.tw
Manuscript received: Jan. 2, 2003; Accepted: May9, 2003
and supporting measures are necessary to ensure its success. In addition, as the outcome of an integration/merger can take on different meanings with different groups of people, the evaluation of any integration/merger project may have to be conducted from multiple perspectives.
Keywords: higher education, integration, merger, international comparison
ಥă݈! ֏
ឈྥඒߛऱᖞࠓΰᖞٽ֗ٽࠓЯଫࠓαբڶઌᅝ९ऱᖵΔᑛભထټՕ ᖂխڶլ֟༉ਢᖞࠓऱ࣠Ζ܀ਢԫऴࠩ 1960 ڣזא૾ΔඒߛऱՕฒ֏
ࠐඒߛڇၦֱ૿ऱ৺ຒឩ്֗ڇᔆֱ૿ऱڍցᏁޣհ৵Δᖞࠓթګٺഏૹ
ิඒߛዌऱൻਜΖࠏڕ 1960 ڣזഏࡉᖾሎشᖞࠓ໌ທԲց᧯ߓΙ 1970 ڣ ז ۫ ᐚ ቫ ᇢ ല ٺ چ ऱ ඒ ߛ ᖲ ዌ ٽ ࠓ ጵ ٽ Օ ᖂ ΰ Integrierte GesamthochschulenαΙ1970 ֗ 1980 ڣזॣཚΔᖾΕ๛ᥞࡉഏഏܓشᖞࠓࠐ ٽ֏ࠡஃᇷഛߛߓอຟਢࠠ᧯ऱࠏΖ1980 ڣזհ৵Δᑛભٺഏط࣍ᄅ۞ط
ᆠ֗ᄅֆ٥ጥᆠࢬ೯ऱਙࢌ٦ທሎ೯֗ኙயፖᤁञԺऱૹီΔᖞࠓ࣍
ਢګਙࢌ྇֟ՕᖂீೃᑇၦΕឩՕඒߛᖲዌᑓΕ૾܅ګءΕ༼֒ᖂᤁ ञԺאಳޣ࠱။ऱૹฃΖڇՕᖂᖞࠓऱூࠏխ֧ದᐖऑᣂࣹࡉಘᓵऱץਔΚ 1983Ё1987 ڣհၴ๛ᥞشᖞࠓࠐૹᖞॺՕᖂຝ॰Ε1987Ё1990 ڣזॣཚᖾല
ඒߛԲց᧯ߓޏԫ᧯ߓΕ1993Ё1994 ڣபല 98 ࢬᄐᖄٻऱᖂೃ
ᖞࠓګ 26 ࢬڠمᖂೃΕ1992 ڣאࠐխഏՕຬല 649 ࢬீٽࠓ 256 ࢬீೃ
ऱՕᑓᖞࠓூΔא֗ഏΕףஞՕഏऱᖞࠓଡூΰᄘᑽΔ2002ΙᚮᖠដΔ 1999Δ2000ΙEastman & Lang, 2001; Goedegebuure, 1992; Kyvik, 2002αΖ
ඒߛհᖞࠓΔՈױᎅਢݺഏඒߛᖂ२ࠟڣࠐ່ᣂ֨ऱᤜᠲհԫΖ ࠃኔՂΔݺഏඒߛᖞࠓऱઌᣂംᠲΔ۞ൕ 1990 ڣזխཚאࠐΔ༉ၲࡨ֧ದᐖ ऑऱࣹრΖᜰࠏࠐᎅΔڇ 1995 ڣ࿇।ऱπխဎاഏඒߛܫρխΔඒߛຝ।ق ψലቔᚐຝ։ᑓመ՛Εᆖᛜய֗ᤁञ౨ԺհᖂீΔٽᖞ᧯࿇୶ᏁޣΔ
༈ޣፖࠡהᖂீٽࠓհױ۩ࢤΔ৬مڍீհՕᖂΔࠌᇷᄭޓڶயհሎشΖω ΰඒߛຝΔ1995Κ79αΖ1996 ڣऱπඒߛޏ᜔ᘬᤜܫρխΔՈམਐנψ
ڶֆمඒߛᖂࢌΔຝ։ᑓ֜՛ΔאીඒߛᇷᄭૹᓤΔᣄᛧᚨڶհயఛΔࡵ
ەᐞղאٽࠓࢨឩך۟ᔞᅝᑓΔאڶயሎشᇷᄭΔ༼֒ᔆΖωΰඒޏᄎΔ1996Κ 61αΖԱףຒᑓለ՛ீೃऱᖞࠓΔඒߛຝڇ 1999 ڣֆؒψچࢤഏمՕᖂீ
ೃᖞࠓᇢᙄૠωΔࠀᒳ٨ 10 ᏙցറூቃጩΖڇਙᖄٻࡉᆖ၄ᖿᚐհՀΔഏم
ቯᆠஃᒤᖂೃࡉഏمቯᆠݾᖂೃڇ 2000 ڣ 2 ִ 1 إڤٽࠓഏمቯᆠՕᖂΖ
ೈԱᑓऱەၦհ؆Δഗ࣍ݺഏףԵ WTO հ৵Δඒߛࢬ૿ᜯऱᄅਗᖏΔ ඒߛຝᗨᄕං೯אψᖞٽω܂༼֒ᤁञԺऱฃΖڇ 2001 ڣ 8 ִֆؒऱψഏ مՕᖂீೃᇷᄭᖞٽ࿇୶ૠωխΔඒߛຝࣔᒔਐقՕᖂீೃ៶طீᎾٽ܂Ε
ฃᜤᅩ֗ᖂீٽࠓΔݙګψ༼֒ඒߛᔆፖᙄᖂᜎயωΕψᏺၞඒߛऱ ᤁञԺω֗ψআၞچඒߛ࿇୶ωؾᑑΰඒߛຝΔ2001aαΖհ৵Δඒߛຝޓࠉ ᖕψቤڂᚨඒߛ࿇୶റூ՛ิઔᤜܫωΔֆؒψං೯ઔߒীՕᖂᖞٽૠ
ωΔଠᖄீփᖞٽࡉீᎾᖞٽΖᇠૠऱؾᑑڇ࣍ψאറூᆖ၄֭ઔߒী
ՕᖂᖞٽΔ࠰ܗᖞٽഏփ؆ᚌߐԳթ֗ᇷᄭΔڇᖂᏆݮګኔԺഒൎऱቸၷΔ
༼֒ඒᖂ֗ઔߒ೯հᔆΔନ౨ڇഏᎾֽᄷՂ܂ᤁञΔၞԫޡಳޣ࠱။Ζωΰඒ ߛຝΔ2001bαΖڇڼԫૠऱᖿᚐՀΔፕऱֆمՕᖂᤁઌิګߓอΔݮګতק ՕᖞٽऱွΖᆖመඒߛຝᐉᤜ৵ΔፕՕᖂאீփᖞٽૠΕፕᜤՕΰط
ဎΕٌຏΕխ؇֗ၺࣔՕᖂิګαאՕᖂߓอૠΕګפՕᖂፖխ՞Օᖂאீ
Ꮎᖞٽૠٽ 2002 ֗ 2003 ڣ৫٥ 20 Ꮩցᆖ၄Ζ
طՂ૪ᎅࣔױאנΔඒߛऱᖞࠓڇഏփ؆բᆖګඒߛਙխૹ
ऱԫᛩΖഏ؆ຍֱ૿ऱઔߒឈլጩڍΔ܀२ڣࠐڼԫᤜᠲऱૹࢤբ֧ದᐖऑ ऱࣹრࡉઔߒऱᘋᔊΔࠏڕΚ2002 ڣ 7 ִᇆऱπඒߛρΰHigher Educationα ཚעΔܛאඒߛऱᖞࠓᠲנठറעΔݺഏڇຍֱ૿ऱઔߒޓڶૻΖᕣጥ Օᖂீೃऱᖞࠓڇݺഏඒߛբګᑷ॰ᇩᠲΔ܀ਢᣂ࣍ᖞࠓհᄗ࢚ፖ܂ऄ ऱಘᓵᝫਢבհᠥڕΖԱ᠖ඒߛᖞࠓऱઌᣂᄗ࢚ΔࠀၞԫޡԱᇞࡉଗᢴ ഏ؆ऱਙፖ܂ऄ֗ࠡ࣠ࡉᐙΔء֮ଈ٣൶ಘඒߛᖞࠓऱ؆ຝ֗փຝ೯ ԺΔࠡڻ։࣫ඒߛᖞࠓऱᣊীፖᐛ֗ࠡࡉᖲዌ۞հၴऱᣂএΔ່৵٦א
๛ᥞΕᖾፖபԿഏऱඒߛᖞࠓ֗ࠟଡףஞՕூࠏΔ։ܑطݛᨠࡉპᨠऱ ߡ৫ᎅࣔඒߛᖞࠓਢԫଡॺൄᓤᠧऱመ࿓Δؘႊڶࣔᒔऱਙࡉൻ ਜΔࠡ࣠֗ګඓᏁطڍցߡ৫ࠐေ۷Δא܂ݺഏඒߛਙ֗ઔᤜᖞࠓ
ீೃհەΖ
෮ăඈିֈፋ׀۞γొ̰̈́ొજ˧
ʙăՉጌցڟʹఋʨ!
ൕ່२ᑇԼڣࠐඒߛᖞࠓऱᖵࠐΔೈԱભഏԫࠄߏمீೃऱᖞࠓਢ ڂᆖᛜլΔࢨ႘ีีࢨࢵسլߩאીᣄאᤉΔլא᠏ᨃהீऱψధ ขঅᤩࠓωΰbankruptcy-bailout mergersαΰMartin et al., 1994αհ؆Δٺഏऱᖞ ࠓூຟਢאֆمՕᖂீೃΔڍطਙࢌᖄΔࠡؾऱڇڃᚨषᄎࡉᆖᛎኙ
ඒߛऱޣΖຍࠄࠐ۞ඒߛࢬऱषᄎࡉᆖᛎᛩቼऱᏁޣΔױီං೯
ඒߛᖞࠓऱ؆ຝᚘԺΔՈਢՕᖂீೃᖞࠓऱ೯ԺΖᙟထषᄎࡉᆖᛎऱ࿇୶
֗षᄎ৸ᑪऱ᠏᧢Δᖄીඒߛᖞࠓऱ؆ຝᏁޣڇٺڣזࠀլઌٵΖ
ᖞ᧯ۖߢΔᑛભഏ୮ڇ 1960 ࡉ 1970 ڣזط࣍ጝܓഏ୮ਙࡉا৸ᑪऱᐙ
Δඒߛᖲᄎ݁ऱൎ௺္ޣ૰ࠌڍഏ୮ؘႊឩՕඒߛऱ༼ࠎΖڇ૾܅ګ ء֗ᝩ܍Օ༏ᓳᖞႚอՕᖂ᧯ߓऱছ༼հՀΔٺഏڇႚอՕᖂհ؆Δॺ Օᖂຝ॰ΰnon-university sectorαࠐ୲ݶຒᏺףऱඒߛᖂسΰᚮᖠដΔ1999αΖ ٺഏऱॺՕᖂඒߛᖲዌΰץਔભഏऱषᖂೃΕऄഏऱݾᖂೃΕ۫ᐚऱ
റઝᖂೃΕ๛ᥞऱᄐᖂೃΕபऱᖂೃΕഏऱڍցݾᖂೃΕᖾ
ऱඒߛᖂೃֲ֗ءऱཚՕᖂαհࠐᄭլԫΔڶऱᄅΔڶऱঞ៱ ڶᄐᖂீऱ్֒ࡉٽࠓΔࠏڕΚഏࡉᖾਙࢌ։ܑشٽࠓڶᖂೃऱֱڤΔ
໌ທנڶܑ࣍ႚอՕᖂऱڍցݾᖂೃ֗ඒߛᖂೃΔאፂඒߛऱԲց
᧯ߓΖ
1980 ڣזհ৵Δط࣍ᄅ۞طᆠࡉᄅֆ٥ጥኙ࣍ᆖᛎΰeconomyαΕய
ΰefficiencyαࡉய౨ΰeffectivenessαԿଡ E ऱൎᓳ֗वᢝᆖᛎࡉ৵ጝسขᑓ ڤኙ࣍ኙ࣍ՠᖞٽࢤ౨ԺऱᏁޣΰᚮᖠដΔ2001Δ2002αΔٺഏྤլᗨᄕޏ
ඒߛΔൎ֏ኙ࣍ᜎயຂٚऱޣΔא༼֒ඒߛऱᤁञԺΖլᓵႚอՕᖂࢨ ॺՕᖂຝ॰ຟᣄಲຍंא༼Կଡ E ؾᑑऱޏΔܑਢॺՕᖂඒߛᖲዌ
ᑓ֜՛Εᓰ࿓֜ాऱംᠲޓ֧ದᐖऑऱࣹრΖ
ԱឩՕඒߛᖲዌᑓΕᏺףᓰ࿓ऱᐖ৫ࡉ৫ΕޏඒߛᔆΕ
ൎ֏ᇷᄭሎشհயΔᖞࠓ٦৫ګऱඒߛਙΖ๛ᥞΕᖾΕபΕ խഏՕຬچၞ۩ՕᑓΕߓอࢤऱඒߛீೃᖞࠓΔഏΕףஞՕΕፕ
ΕଉཽΕֲءΕতॺچՈڶለሿਣऱᖞࠓூࠏΖ
ʠăՉጌցڟ˱ఋʨ!
ೈԱࠐ۞षᄎࡉᆖᛎ᧯ߓऱ؆ຝᚘԺհ؆ΔՕᖂீೃءߪՈᄎขسԫࠄ೯ ԺΔࢨᗨᄕٽᖞࠓਙΔࢨ೯༈ބᖞࠓऱৈᖲΖኙ࣍Օᖂீೃփຝ೯Ժऱᇞ
ᤩΔױՕી։۞ྥᙇᖗᨠរࡉᇷᄭࠉᘸᨠរΖ
۞ྥᙇᖗᨠរ֧شሒዿ֮ᑓڤࠐᇞᤩषᄎิ៣ऱ۩ΖڼԫᨠរᎁՕᖂீ
ೃࡉࠡהषᄎิ៣ԫᑌΔؘႊڇسኪߓอխޣسژΰBirnbaum, 1983αΖԱൎ֏
سژऱᖲᄎΔᅝඒߛऱ؆ڇᛩቼޏ᧢ΔࠏڕΚ२ڣࠐٺഏऱඒߛཏሙ૿
ᜯ Clarkΰ1998αࢬᎅऱψ၌ሉωംᠲΔٍܛषᄎղՕᖂऱᇷᄭ။ࠐ။֟Δ܀ਢ
ޣՕᖂࢬ༼ࠎऱࣚ೭থ။ࠐ။ڍழΔඒߛᖲዌᄎאᖞࠓࠐ܂ᔞᚨᛩቼࡉ
໌ທᖲዌۥΕൎ֏ิ៣سژࡉګ९ᖲᄎऱ֫Ζ
ᇷᄭࠉᘸᨠរࡉ۞ྥᙇᖗᨠរઌۿΔٵᑌᎁิ៣່ՕऱؾᑑڇޣسژΖ܀
ڼԫᨠរᎁΔิ៣ፂسژլױࢨऱு֨ై༉ਢᇷᄭΖᖕڼԫᨠរΔՕ ᖂீೃᖞࠓऱ່ڂԯڇ࣍ឩՕᑓࡉؑऱڶΔאঁጐױ౨ऱᡐឰᇷ ᄭΔࠀচஇࠡהᖲዌऱᤁञԺΖངߢհΔ۞ྥᙇᖗᨠរࡉᇷᄭࠉᘸᓵ່Օऱլٵ ڇ࣍Δኙ۞ྥᙇᖗᓵۖߢΔᖞࠓԯਢԱޓڶயچڃᚨ؆ڇᛩቼऱޏ᧢ፖᏁޣΙ
ۖᇷᄭࠉᘸᓵঞਐנΔᖲዌऱᖞࠓԯڇൎ֏ᖲዌჿኆᇷᄭऱᤁञԺΔᝩ܍ᇷᄭऱ
ੌ؈Ζ
ឈྥඒߛऱᖞࠓᆖൄຟਢطਙࢌᖄΔഗءՂຟאਢψطՂۖՀωऱֱ
ڤၞ۩Δ܀ਢඒߛᖲዌ܂ԫጟषᄎิ៣ΔࢨԱ໌ທڶܓسژऱܓഗΕࢨ
ԱᡐឰᇷᄭࠀޙᤁञΔඒߛᖲዌՈᄎขسԫैψطՀۖՂωऱ೯ԺΔڇ ψᖞࠓωऱՕছ༼հՀΔᙇᖗԫጟڶܓ࣍ݙګᖲዌփڇؾᑑऱᖞࠓᣊীΖ
ણăඈିֈፋ׀۞ᙷݭ̈́পҒ
ඒߛऱᖞࠓഗءՂױאො።ᜤᅩΰconsortiumαΕॵ᥆ΰaffiliationαΕ߶ᜤ ΰ confederation/federation αΕ ٽ ࠓ ΰ consolidation/amalgamation αΕ ଫ ࠓ Я ࠓ ΰmerger/acquisitionαΰGoedegebuure, 1992; Lang, 2002a, 2002b; Martin et al., 1994αΖԱֱঁ։࣫ࡉֺለΔᜤᅩΕॵ᥆֗߶ᜤԿጟᣊীല։ၲᎅࣔΔٽࠓࡉଫ ࠓലԫದᎅࣔΖඒߛᖞࠓٺᣊীհقრቹᓮߠቹ 1Ζ
1. ᜤᅩ
2. ॵ᥆
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PЈ principal university
4. ٽࠓ
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1 Չጌցᘸܮΰ๎
ʙăᒒ໗ ʙăᒒ໗ʙăᒒ໗
ʙăᒒ໗Ğdpotpsujbğ!!!!
ඒߛऱᜤᅩ່ڰ࣍ 1930 ڣזנڇભഏΔࠏڕΚएࠅڠ Morehouse
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ᖂೃΕSpelman ᖂೃ֗ Atlanta Օᖂิګ Atlanta Օᖂխ֨ΖࠟࢬᖂೃऱԿΕڣ
్ᖂسױյઌᙇᓰΔٵழՈࡉ Atlanta Օᖂٽᙄཔཚᓰ࿓Δࠀ٥شቹᙴᇷᄭΖร ԲڻՕᖏհ৵Δאᜤᅩֱڤၞ۩ඒߛऱᖞٽޓൄߠΔࠏڕΚڠऱψ
ཎᖂೃᜤᅩωΰColleges of Worcester Consortiumαګم࣍ 1968 ڣΔ٥ڶԼଡᄎ
ΔץਔԲڣࠫषᖂೃΕ᠔ᖂೃࡉᡬ᠔ᖂೃΔ܌ࢮ܌ՕᖂΰઔߒীՕᖂαΔ֗
ࢬߏم֮ඒߛᖂೃΖڼԫᜤᅩᝫڶ 14 ଡᄎΔץਔᑇଡ໑ढᙴΕՠᢌ֗ઝᖂ խ֨ΕႼᢌ֗ײ֮ढᖂᄎ֗ԫ୮ᐖᐾሽፕΖڶԼ༓୮ᖂீΕഗ८ᄎ֗ॺᛜܓิ
៣ፖڼԫᜤᅩऱܑආ՛ิΰHarcleroad, 1999αΖ ᜤᅩऱۥץਔΚ
(ԫ)ᜤᅩհิ៣ࡉࠡᄎิ៣ਢ։ၲऱΔٺᗑمऱऄԳิ៣Ι (Բ)ᜤᅩءߪᖑڶڶᗑمऱᇷขፖ႘ΕᇀࠃᄎΕփຝີ࿓Ι
(Կ)ᜤᅩऱᇀࠃᄎຏൄطᄎᖲዌऱீ९ิګΔࠀطᇀࠃᄎᆤشᜤᅩհ۩
ਙጥΙ
()ᜤᅩڶ۞աऱࡉቃጩΕگԵΙ
(ն)ᜤᅩᄎհၴऱᖞٽૻ࣍ਬࠄ೯ࢨࣚ೭ΔࠡᣂএለᠾཋΔᄎٺ ڶᗑمऱᇷᄭΕߡۥΕؾᑑΙ
(ք)ᜤᅩᄎױאๅᠦᜤᅩΔܑਢՕীᜤᅩΔᄎऱၞנࠀլᐙᜤᅩऱ ሎ܂Ι
(Ԯ)ᜤᅩհᄎױאਢٵᔆऱΰࠏڕΚ٤ՕᖂீೃαΔՈױאਢฆᔆऱΰࠏ ڕΚץਔՕᖂீೃΕխ՛ᖂΕ໑ढᙴࡉֆαΖ
ڇᜤᅩऱڜඈՀΔᄎᖲዌױאٽ܂ᓰ࿓ࡉٺᣊࣚ೭ΔࠏڕΚ۩ਙፖࠃ೭ࣚ
೭Δࢵسፖ۩ਙΖڼ؆ΔٌՐုםΕᜤٽቹᙴΕറᄐ࿇୶೯ΕઔಘᄎΕᜤ ٽආڇᔣ२ऱᜤᅩᄎհၴՈઌᅝཏሙΖڍᜤᅩڶጻΕሽၡٙ֗ႚట
ΔڶࠄᝫڶီಛᄎᤜऱໂΖ
ʠăۣᚴĞbggjmjbujpoğ!
ॵ᥆ऱᖞٽֱڤຏൄ࿇سڇՕᖂࡉڶቇ࿇ᖂۯᦞܓऱᖲዌհၴΔ່ൄߠ࣍
᠔ೃࡉՕᖂࢬ৬مऱᖞٽᣂএΖ᠔ೃԱ༼֒റᄐچۯΕᛧᠰ؆ઔߒࡉ۩ਙᆖ
၄ᣋრॵ᥆࣍ՕᖂΔՕᖂऱ᠔ᖂೃঞڂᛧᜯݩᖲᄎՈᑗ࣍ٽ܂Ζ ॵ᥆ऱᐛץਔΚ
(ԫ)ॵ᥆ᑓڤഗءՂਢԫጟᠨᢰ࠰ࡳΔץܶࠟଡᖲዌΙ (Բ)ඒߛᖲዌױٵழࡉլٵऱᖲዌิګॵ᥆ऱᖞٽᣂএΙ (Կ)ॵ᥆ᑓڤլᐙፖᖲዌऱ۞ΕՈլץܶᇷᄭऱૹᄅ։Ι ()ڇॵ᥆ᑓڤխΔຏൄڶԫֱڶቇᖂۯऱᦞܓΙ
(ն)ݮګॵ᥆ᣂএऱீೃࡉᖲዌڇᖂᏆՂٺڶറᖐΔᓰ࿓ऱ༼ࠎՂຏൄ
լᄎૹᦤΖ
ʭăդᒒĞdpogfefsbujpo0gfefsbujpoğ!
ഏऱ੍ׄΕᏦᖯࡉཉՕᖂຟਢࠢীऱ߶ᜤՕᖂΖᜰࠏࠐᎅΔ੍ׄՕᖂਢ ط 40 ᕉࢬᖂೃࢬิګऱ߶ᜤΔٺᖂೃऱຂٚץਔΚᗴᙇ֗ࢵگٺᖂೃऱՕᖂ ຝᖂسΙ༼ࠎᖂسଇമΕֆ٥ٖஒΕቹᙴΕሎ೯֗षٌਜ֗ጲళՂऱᅃΙ
ຂᖂسऱᖄஃਐᖄᓰ࿓ΖՕᖂΰprincipal universityαऱຂץਔΚެࡳٺᖂ
ೃၲᓰ࿓ऱփ୲Εิ៣ዝᝑᓰࡉઔಘᓰΙ༼ࠎඒፖᖂࢬᏁऱٺᣊᇷᄭΔࠏڕΚ ቹᙴΕኔ᧭Ε໑ढᙴΕሽጩխ֨Ιᗴᙇ֗᎖ᖄઔߒسΙ༼ࠎەᇢࠀေࡳګ ᜎΙቇᖂۯΰUniversity of Oxford, 2002αΖᏦᖯՕᖂࡉࠡᖂೃհၴऱᣂএࡉׄ
੍ՕᖂઌۿΔլመٺᖂೃᖂسऱԵᖂᑑᄷএطՕᖂૡࡳΰUniversity of Cambridge, 2002αΖ
߶ᜤՕᖂऱۥץਔΚ (ԫ)ፖᖲዌऱᇷขፖ႘ᗑمΙ
(Բ)ፖᖲዌឈڶቇ࿇ᖂۯऱऄࡳᦞԺΔ܀ਢطՕᖂࠐຂᖂֽᄷΕࠀ ቇ࿇ᖂۯΖ
(Կ)߶ᜤױআၞᖲዌၴऱٽ܂ΔՈڇլᏺףګءऱൣउՀΔᏺףᓰ࿓ऱڍᑌ ࢤΖ
()ڇֆم᧯ߓխΔՕᖂਢࡉਙࢌ൷ᤛऱഄԫ࿗ՑΔՈਢֆ٥ᆖ၄ᐸבऱ ኙွΖ
(ն)ፖᖲዌঅڶᆤشඒஃऱᦞԺΔ܀ࠡᖂֽᄷؘႊฤٽՕᖂऱޣΖ
(ք)ط࣍ፖீᖲዌऱತ೭ൣउլԫΔԱፂᖂֽᄷΔڶࠄՕᖂՈᄎ ലᄎᖲዌऱگԵൕᄅ։Δא࠰ܗᆖ၄լߩհᖲዌΖ
(Ԯ)ط࣍ፖᖲዌঅڶ۞ૡ֗گ࠷ᖂ၄ऱᦞԺΔլٵऱگ၄ᑑᄷױ౨ທګᖂ سऱܺឫΔڂڼՕᖂؘႊ࠰ᓳࠀࡳอԫᑑᄷΖ
ͲăϫցĞdpotpmjebujpo0bnbmhbnbujpoğַ࢙ցƝᓊց Ğnfshfs0bdrvjtjujpoğ!
)Ι*ӫځڷঙځޟкौ৯!
ٽࠓრਐࠟଡࢨאՂءᗑمऱᖲዌ࣋ඵࠡऱءᗑمऱऄ৳چۯΕ۞ࡉ
֮֏ᎁٵΔᖞٽګԫଡᄅऱᖲዌΖᖲዌࢬڶऱᇷขΕ႘ΕຂٚΔץਔԳຟ
᠏ฝࠩᄅิګऱᖲዌΖଫࠓঞਢԫଡለՕऱิ៣ലԫଡለ՛ऱิ៣ܮၞװΔࠡ
ᇷขΕ႘ΕຂٚΕԳݙ٤طለՕऱิ៣ࢭ࠹Ζࠓຏൄߠ࣍ߏڶຝ॰Δץਔ ߏԳٞᄐࡉߏمᖂீאᏝऱֱڤ൷گԫଡิ៣Ζٽࠓࡉଫࠓਢ۞ 1980 ڣזא
૾Δ່ൄߠऱඒߛᖞࠓᑓڤΖء֮ڇรն֗รքᆏࢬ൶ಘհ๛ᥞΕᖾࡉப
Կഏ֗ףஞՕऱࠟଡூࠏΔࢬආشऱຟਢٽࠓࢨଫࠓᣊীΖ
ڶࠄඒߛᖞࠓऱ֮ΰࠏڕΚGoedegebuure, 1992αΔࠀլᣤ։ٽࠓ ࡉଫࠓΔۖאٽࠓΰmergerαࠐො።ຍࠟጟᖞٽֱڤΙ܀ڇለ२ऱઌᣂ൶ಘխΰࠏ ڕΚMartin, Samels & Associates, 1994; Eastman & Lang, 2001αΔঞለࣔᒔऱ։ٽ ࠓࡉଫࠓΖܑਢ Langΰ2002a, 2002bαڇ່२࿇।ऱᓵ֮խΔ༉ਐנאڶᣂ
ඒߛᖞࠓᄗ࢚ՂऱΔڇ࣍ઔߒृآࣔᒔ։ᖞࠓᣊীΖ
ٽࠓࡉଫࠓ່ऱฆڇ࣍ᖲዌਢܡᤉᥛژڇΔࠡิ៣Ղऱۥፖฆ ױאط। 1 ࠐ᧩قΖ
)Π*ӫځڷঙځޟଜࡦ!
լᓵڇඒߛࢨٞᄐΔԳଚኙ࣍ٽࠓൄڶԫጟደऱཚৱΔലհီ
ψ॰ᅝ֪ኙωऱኙٽΔؘࠡ࣠ྥਢ 1Ѐ1Ї2Ζઌ֘ऱΔڇଫࠓऱᑓڤխΔ Գଚኙ࣍ଫࠓऱᖲዌঞڶԫጟψՕႨբװωऱ༟ᨠऄΔᎁመװࢬڶऱԫ֊
ലڇଫࠓऱመ࿓խᄿႆཋΔࠡ࣠լױᝩ܍ലਢ 1Ѐ1Ј1Ζ
ے1 ϫցַ࢙ց˞̨ྲྀ
ϫ! ց ࢙! ց
Aீೃ ʳ ᄰ ژʳ ᥛ Bீೃ ʳ ᄰ ʳ ᄰ
ඒߛ
ᖲዌ C ீೃ ᄅم —
ʳ ᑓ ຏൄ AΕB ᑓઌᅝ ຏൄ A Օ B ՛
ᣊʳ ী ઌۿΔຏൄറ॰ࢤீೃ ઌฆΔຏൄ A ጵٽࢤՕᖂΔB റ
॰ࢤᖂೃ
ீʳ ټ ᄅீټ ऎش A ீհீټ
ூʳ ࠏ ݺഏऱቯᆠஃᒤᖂೃࡉቯᆠݾ
ᖂೃٽࠓګቯᆠՕᖂ
ףஞՕऱڜՕฃඒߛઔߒࢬࠓԵڍ
ڍՕᖂ
ࠃኔՂΔլᓵٽࠓࢨଫࠓհ࣠ऱᓤᠧࢤ၌መԳଚऱቃཚΖڇٽࠓऱூࠏ խΔឈྥ 1Ѐ1Ї2 ऱ࣠ࠀॺլױ౨Δ܀ࠡ٣ެයٙਢᠨֱڶ৫ऱؾᑑ٥ٵ ࢤΕઌյԱᇞΕյॾፖრΕٽࠓհছڶݙᖞऱቤΕٽࠓհၴࡉհ৵ڶዃຏڶ யऱᄮຏΖܛࠌڕڼΔٽࠓऱᠨֱΰࢨᑇֱαڇٽࠓऱመ࿓֗࣠౨ሒࠩటإ ऱኙࠀॺ࣐ࠃΖڂڇᓫܒࡉᖞٽऱመ࿓խΔૉڶٚ۶ԫֱආ࠷೯Δᖞଡ መ࿓ലৰᣄං೯Ζ܀ૉڶٚ۶ԫֱආ࠷ለᗨᄕऱ܂ऄΔঞױ౨֧ದψ֭ωΕψ
ۯωऱෲጊΔᖄીյॾഗ៕ऱ೯ᄀΔ່৵ึߒᣄאᝩ܍ᓢડࡉᐰᚴΖٵᑌऱΔڇ ଫࠓऱூࠏխΔଫࠓऱᖲዌᤉᥛঅ֮ࠡ֏Εᎁٵፖפ౨ΔՈࠀॺլױ౨Ζא ՀലאࠟଡףஞՕऱඒߛᖞࠓூࠏࠐᎅࣔᖞࠓ࣠ऱڍᑌࢤ֗ᖞࠓመ࿓ࡌയ ፖᣤ᠃ऱ৸ەΕቤፖച۩ऱૹࢤΖ
དྷăඈିֈፋ׀ඈିֈ፟ၹҋ
אՂऱ൶ಘ᧩قΔඒߛᖞࠓᣊী່ऱ։ܑڇ࣍ፖᖞࠓऱՕᖂீೃ
অڶࠡڶհ۞ࢤऱ࿓৫Ζൕቹ 2 ױאנΔൕᜤᅩࠩଫࠓΔᖞࠓᖲዌ۞
ऱ࿓৫။ࠐ။܅Δࠓᖲዌऱ൳ࠫ။ࠐ။ൎΖ। 2 ᧩قնጟᖞࠓᣊীࡉᖲዌټጠΕ
ࢵسΕඒஃհᆤشፖ֒Εֆ٥ᆖ၄Εᓰ࿓ၲΕቇᖂۯքଡᖲዌ۞ٻ৫
ऱᣂএΖ
ᜤᅩ ॵ᥆ ߶ᜤ ٽࠓ ଫࠓЯࠓ
ᖲዌ۞ࢤൎ ࠓᖲዌऱ൳ࠫԺൎ
2 ՉڟጌցᘸܮჄጠ်ь̺
ے2! Չጌցַጠ်ь̺ڟ˲ϩݙ
ᒒ! ໗ ۣ! ᚴ դ! ᒒ ϫ! ց ࢙! ց ᖲዌټጠ լʳ ᧢ լʳ ᧢ լʳ ᧢ ᄅټጠ অఎࠓՕᖂټጠ
ࢵʳ س ᗑʳ م ᗑʳ م
תᗑمΰԵᖂᑑ ᄷᏁฤٽՕ ᖂࡳα
طᄅՕᖂຂ طࠓՕᖂຂ
ඒஃհᆤ
ش֗֒ ᗑʳ م ᗑʳ م
תᗑمΰႊฤٽ
Օᖂᒤऱ ᖂֽᄷα
طᄅՕᖂຂ طࠓՕᖂຂ
ֆ٥ᆖ၄ ᗑʳ م ᗑʳ م طՕᖂอᤂ طᄅՕᖂอᤂ طࠓՕᖂอᤂ ᓰ࿓ၲ ᗑʳ م ᗑʳ م תᗑمΰطՕ
ᖂᅮα
طᄅՕᖂຂ ᏁࠓՕᖂٵრ
ᖂۯቇ ᗑʳ م طՕᖂቇ طՕᖂቇ طᄅՕᖂቇ طࠓՕᖂቇ
Ёăఈᜋă፫߷ॗރˬ઼ඈିֈፋ׀̝ͧྵ
ʙăᛌᕛደڟጌց!
)Ι*ᐌځޟଢ଼Ψ!
๛ ᥞ ऱ ඒ ߛ ᧯ ߓ ආ ࠷ Բ ց ࠫ Δ ץ ܶ Օ ᖂ ࡉ ᄐ ᖂ ೃ ΰ Hoger Beroepsonderwijs, HBOαΖ๛ᥞऱรԫࢬՕᖂࠐ࿆ΰLeidenαګم࣍ 1575 ڣΔ GroningenΕAmsterdam ࡉ Utrecht Օᖂঞګم࣍ 17 ધΖףՂ 1960 ࡉ 1970 ڣ
זຬᥛمऱ TwenteΕLimburg ՕᖂΔ٥ڶ 13 ࢬՕᖂΖឈྥ່ڰऱᄐᖂೃ
ױאಳᄩࠩ 1682 ڣڇ௧׃مऱψ୮ᢌᖂೃωΰRoyal Academy of Fine ArtsαΔլመࠡהᄐᖂೃڍڇ 19 ધᄐಝᒭط۩ᄎ᠏ٻᖂீ᧯ߓհ৵թم ऱΖ
1960 ڣזא૾Δᙟထඒߛऱឩ്ΔHBO ڂࠠڶګءለ܅Ε౨ٽᆖ ᛎ࿇୶հᏁޣ֗౨আၞඒߛհڍᑌ֏ऱᚌរΔီਢڶய৺ຒᏺףհ
ඒߛᖂسऱߜֱΖᕣጥ HBO ઌᅝ࿓৫چᇞެԱඒߛឩ്ऱംᠲΔ܀ਢ
๛ᥞਙࢌࡉՕᖂࠀլݦඨ HBO ౨ᛧࡉՕᖂٵऱچۯΖڂڼ 1968 ڣຏመऱ ψխඒߛऄωΰSecondary Education Actαො።ԱॣඒߛࡉՕᖂհ؆ࢬڶᣊী
ऱඒߛΔHBO ۞ྥՈڇࠡխΖط࣍࠹ࠩխඒߛऄऱપޔΔHBO ឈྥᇆጠਢ
ඒߛᖲዌΔլ܀ྤऄࠆڶՕᖂऱچۯࡉ۞Δޓྤऄឩךࠡᑓאޣၞԫޡऱ
࿇୶ΰGoedegbuure & Westerheijden, 1991αΖڂ HBO ࡉՕᖂऱچۯᣬΔ1970 ڣזԫࠄଠᖄՕᖂࡉ HBO ൎ֏ٽ܂ऱ৬ᤜΔڶࠄڂՕᖂڶᘋᔊΔڶࠄঞڂ
HBO ᖜ֨࠹ࠩՕᖂऱ֭Δۖྤऄං೯Ζ
ឈྥ๛ᥞਙࢌڇ 1970 ڣזխཚհছΔৰ֟ᣂ֨ HBO ऱ࿇୶Δ܀ਢ HBO ᑓ֜՛Εᣊী֜։ࣴऱംᠲᝫਢᏁΖڇ 1975 ڣऱػؼπآࠐऱඒߛρ ΰHigher Education in the FutureαխΔ༉མ৬ᤜ HBO ຘመٽࠓאឩՕᑓΖڇಾ
ኙٽࠓᤜᠲऱഏᄎᓵխΔHBO ऱז।ቸ᧯ψHBO ࡡᄎωᎁٽࠓऱ৬ᤜԯ ਢഗ࣍ᆖᛎࡉ۩ਙऱەၦΔլؘྥٽ࣍ඒߛհؾऱΔ HBO ீೃڶऱ၏ᠦመΕ լܓ࣍ٽࠓΔڂۖᄕԺ֘ኙٽࠓऱ༼ᤜΖ
ࠩԱ 1980 ڣזΔط࣍ᖞଡՕᛩቼኙ࣍யፖய౨ऱൎᓳΔHBO ऱޏທբᆖ Ⴈڇؘ۩ΖψHBO ࡡᄎωՈ᧯ᎁࠩਙࢌޏ HBO ऱެ֨Δڂڼڇ 1983 ڣਙࢌ
࿇܉ઌᣂػؼհছΔ٣۩࿇।Աԫٝټπຘመٽ܂אᏺൎኔԺρΰStrengthening
through Cooperationαऱਙ֮ٙΔԫޏ 1970 ڣזխཚऱൎ௺֘ኙΔᢥګאٽࠓ
ࠐឩՕ HBO ீೃऱᑓΖ )Π*ᐌځޟႆแ!
1983ڣ 9 ִΔ๛ᥞऱඒߛፖઝᖂຝ Deetman ຝ९ࡉልድᄐຝ Braks ຝ९٥ٵ
࿇।ټπᑓឩՕΕٚ೭ૹิፖႃխρΰScale-enlargement, Task-reallocation and
Concentration, STCαऱػؼΔၲඔԱ๛ᥞඒߛՂ່Օᑓऱૹᖞ۩೯ΖSTC ػؼհؾᑑڶԿΰGoedegebuure, 1992: 145αΚ
1.ຘመٽࠓឩՕ HBO ீೃऱᑓΔאআၞլٵᏆհյ೯֗ඒஃवᢝࡉᆖ᧭
ऱٌངΕᖂسᙇᖗऱᖲᄎΕൎ֏റᄐඒߛΕࣚ೭ፖઔߒऱഗ៕֗໌ᄅ౨Ժऱ༼֒Δ אףൎኙچऱࣚ೭Ζ
2.ൎ֏ HBO ீೃऱጥ౨ԺΔאឩՕ HBO ீೃڇᇷᄭ։ΕԳࠃᆤش֗ᓰ
࿓ૠֱ૿ऱຂٚΙ
3.៶طᑓऱឩՕΕ၆ૹໂऱႃխ֗ᓰ࿓ऱิٽא༼ᇷᄭऱࠌشயΖ
ԱሒګՂ૪ؾᑑΔSTC ػؼխՈؒΔHBO ீೃ 1986Ё1987 ᖂڣֆ٥ ᆖ၄ऱᛧΔഗءՂؘႊฤٽՀ٨ԿଡයٙΰGoedegebuure, 1992: 146αΚ
1.۟֟ڶ 600 ଡᖂسΙ
2.ٽࠓ৵ऱ HBO ீೃڇ۩ਙՂؘႊٽԫΔՈ༉ਢ౨ڶԫଡᇀࠃᄎΕԫ۩
ਙ᧯ߓࡉீ೭ᄎᤜז।Ζ
3.ٽࠓհٺீၴऱ၏ᠦؘႊٽΔאך։࿇ཀٽࠓऱڇᆖᛎᑓࡉጵய ΰsynergyαऱఛΖ
ط࣍ຍԿႈࣔᒔऱࡳΔHBO ீೃؘႊܘԺࡉᔣ२ऱீೃၞ۩ٽࠓΔؘႊ
ਢኔᔆऱٽࠓΔۖॺᤉᥛঅீೃհᗑمࢤऱ૿ٽࠓΖڇ STC ػؼ༼נհ৵Δ
๛ᥞഏᄎڇ 1984 ڣॣຏመ HBO ऄூΔ܂ HBO ᖂೃٽࠓऱऄᄭࠉᖕΔࠀࡳ
ٽࠓհᖂೃڇ 1986 ڣ 8 ִؘႊݙګٽࠓٵრΖངߢհΔ HBO ᧯ߓؘႊڇ HBO ऄூֆؒ৵ࠟڣתփݙګዌऱૹิΖ
Աᝩ܍መ৫տԵ HBO ऱٽࠓΔඒߛፖઝᖂຝޣψHBO ࡡᄎωᖜٚᖞ ࠓመ࿓ऱ࠰ᓳۯΔ܂ਙࢌࡉ HBO հၴഄԫऱխտΔࠀ༼ࠎਙࢌ܂່৵ެ
ࢬᏁऱᓳፖ৬ᤜΖSTC ػؼխ༉ࣔػ।قΚψխ؇ਙࢌ٨נ່ഗءऱঞΔ
۟࣍ച۩ऱᛩቼঞڶᘸඒߛࠐ໌ທΔඒߛፖઝᖂຝ९ؘႊࡉٽࠓऱച۩অ၏
ᠦωΰGoedegebuure, 1992: 7αΖ )έ*ᐌځޟ๖ݎ!
ط࣍ඒߛፖઝᖂຝऱਙؾᑑࡉൻਜॺൄࣔᒔΔHBO ீೃؘႊܘԺࡉᔣ २ऱீೃၞ۩ٽࠓΔڂڼٽࠓऱ࣠ઌᅝګפΖٽࠓհছΔHBO ٥ڶ 359 ࢬᖂೃΔ
ீೃؓ݁ᖂسᑇ 575 ԳΔ່՛ऱڶ 34 ԳΔ່ڍऱঞڶ 5,880 ԳΔઝᖂ
ೃΖ
ࠩԱ 1987 ڣ 7 ִΔૠڶ 314 ࢬٽࠓ 51 ࢬᄅᖂೃΔڶ 34 ࢬፂणΔڂڼ ٥ૠ 85 ࢬΖٽࠓ৵Δڍᑇ HBO ᖂೃڍᏆᖂೃΔڶ 15иԫᏆ HBO ᖂೃΖᄅᖂೃؓ݁ 6 ீऱٽࠓΔ່ڍሒ 19 ீΖൕ। 3 ױאנΔٽࠓছ HBO ᖲዌᑇၦڍΕᑓೣ՛ऱൣउΔڇٽࠓհ৵բᆖڶԱ᧩ထऱޏΖ
ے3! ᛌHBOጌց܉ݣጠ်ᆵු̅ጠ်ᇁ˞̨ྲྀ
ጌց܉ ጌցݣ
ጠ်ᇁ
ĞϒढደΡᆵğ ጠ်ᆵ ̨ ጠ်ᆵ ̨
0000-6000 270 075% 21 025%
0600-2000 081 023% 34 040%
2000-5000 008 002% 18 021%
5000-8000 -- -- 06 007%
8000-0000 -- -- 06 007%
᜔ʳ ᑇ 359 100% 85 100%
ၗٰྍǺׯጓԾ GoedegebuureȐ1992: 157-158ȑ߄ 6.2 Ϸ߄ 6.3Ƕ
ʠăጬՉደڟጌց!
)Ι*ᐌځޟଢ଼Ψ!
1960ڣזॣཚΔط࣍ޣඒߛឩ്ऱਙए֗षᄎᚘԺֲყᏺףΔᖾਙ
ࢌ࣍ਢڇ 1965 ڣࠉᖕψᖾՕᖂࡡᄎωऱ৬ᤜΔمᄐ֗ඒᖂᖄٻऱψ
ඒߛᖂೃωΰcolleges of advanced education, CAEsαΔཙזႚอՕᖂऱឩ്ΖࠩԱ 1970ڣזॣཚΔᖾբڶᑇપ 90 ࢬऱ CAEsΔࠡխլ֟ਢ՛ᑓऱറઝᖂೃΔ ࠀլࠠໂᆖᛎᑓΖڂڼ Fraser ࢬᏆᖄऱঅښ᤻ਙࢌΔڇ 1981 ڣ༉ਐࡳࠡխ 30 ࢬؘႊٽࠓΔܡঞխ؇լ٦ղᆖ၄ΖࠩԱ 1983 ڣ໎ՠ᤻ਙࢌ٦৫ചਙࠀٞቹ٤
૿ޏທᆖᛎհ৵Δඒߛயऱ༼֒ޓਢլױᝩ܍ऱႨΖ
᧯ᎁࠩඒߛՕᛩቼऱ৺ᝪ᧢ᔢΔඒߛՈམ೯ᘩޣޏհሐΔݦ ඨڇԲցࠀمऱ᧯ࠫխΔᓳᖞඒߛᖲዌऱᑓΖྥۖΔ໎ՠ᤻ਙࢌլર
ඒߛࡉᒷऱޏޡᓳΔެࡳආ࠷ޓᖿ௺ऱ᧢Δ៶אআࠌඒߛ౨ޓᗨᄕچ ڃᚨषᄎऱᏁޣΔޓയ֊ٽഏ୮ऱ࿇୶ૹរΔאૹᖾऱᆖᛎ֗অᖾڇ ഏᎾؑՂऱᤁञԺΰᚮᖠដΔ1999αΖ
ڇ 1987 ڣ 12 ִΔ༉ᄐΕඒߛ֗ಝᒭຝຝ९ John Dawkins ڇඒߛጸؼπ
ඒߛΚਙಘᓵρΰHigher Education: A Policy Discussion Paperα֗ᙟ৵ڇ 1988 ڣֆ܉ऱඒߛػؼπඒߛΚਙᜢࣔρΰHigher Education: A Policy Statementα խؒᐒೈԲցࠫ৫ΖᖾඒߛऱԲց᧯ߓ۟ڼܫԫᆵΔطψ٤ഏอԫ᧯
ߓωΰUnified National System, UNSα࠷זΖ )Π*ᐌځޟႆแ!
ឈྥ Dawkins ຝ९ԫ٦ጠΔඒߛຝലլᄎᗨᄕտԵՕᖂீೃऱᖞࠓΔ܀ਢ ඒߛຝՈᨃٺீࣔػΔٽ܂ऱڶᓾΕլٽ܂ऱڶፆΖڇᑻᓾऱԫֱ૿Δਢᠰ
؆ᆖ၄ऱ༼ࠎΖᜤ߶ਙࢌല༼ࠎψഏ୮ᚌ٣ᆖ၄ωΰNational Priority Fundαࠐ࠰
ܗٽࠓᖲዌհၴࢬᏁऱᜤໂΕቹᙴΕᖂسΕඒ֗ತ೭ߓอհᖞٽΕٌ
ຏሎᙁ֗ࠡהᠧ၄ΔࠏڕீᚧΕֆᣂΕ۟ॾΰHarman, 2002αΖፆऱԫֱ
૿ΔਢאՕᖂீೃऱᑓ܂ᆖ၄։ऱࠉᖕΖᖕػؼऱࡳΔٺீೃ
۟֟ڶ 2,000 ټ٤ழᖂسթ౨ᛧഗءᆖ၄Ι5,000 ټթ౨ڇၲᓰऱᣊֱܑ૿ڶ ᐘࢤΔٵழٍױᛧ֟ᑇറ॰Ꮖऱઔߒᆖ၄Ι8,000 ټթ౨ᐖऑऱၲᓰ֗ၞ۩ٺ ᏆઔߒΖངߢհΔլᓵՕᖂࢨ CAEsΔૉլᣋრ೯چ༈ޣٽࠓऱᖲᄎא༼֒
ᆖᛎᑓΔലڇᆖ၄ऱ։Ղ࠹ࠩፆΔၞԫޡૻࠫᇠீೃऱ࿇୶Ζ
ೈԱᆖ၄ऱൻਜհ؆ΔDawkins ຝ९ԾਐԱψٽࠓՠ܂՛ิωΰTask Force on AmalgamationsαऱګمΔאᅮٽࠓऱၞ৫Δࠀ༼נઌᣂܫΖψٽࠓՠ
܂՛ิωൎᓳᓾፆࠀᛎऱጲళΔᨬཆᗨᄕං೯ٽࠓऱڠΰڕᄅতዿཎαΔࠀኙࣄ
ᨠඨऱڠࡉՕᖂீೃ༼נᣤૹऱᤞܫΖڇᄅতዿཎڠᤜᄎ࣍ 1989 ڣ 5 ִݙګ مऄ࿓ݧΔലᇠڠऱ 25 ࢬೃீᖞٽګ 9 ࢬᄅՕᖂհ৵ΔٺڠړᇿၞΖ
)έ*ᐌځޟ๖ݎ!
ඒߛᖂኙ࣍ඒߛຝᖞࠓऱਙڶᓯڍլየࡉጊᐞΔՕᖂᎁࡉ CAEs ᖞࠓലլױᝩ܍چ૾܅ՕᖂڶऱᖂֽᄷΔլܓՕᖂڇᖂ࠱။ֱ૿ऱಳޣΙ CAEsঞᎁࡉՕᖂٽࠓΔլ໓ܡࡳ CAEs ኙ࣍ᖾඒߛऱᗑಥΔ࣋ඵ
ࡳऱפ౨ࡉᄐᖄٻऱᓰ࿓ΔۖٻႚอՕᖂऱઔߒࡉᖂࢤᓰ࿓ଏଈጠΖᕣጥ ڕڼΔط࣍ඒߛຝऱਙࣔᒔΕᓾፆ։ࣔΔٺՕᖂீೃړࠉᖕՀ٨ࠟጟֱڤၞ
۩ᖞࠓΚ
1.ല CAEs ࠓԵ៱ڶՕᖂΔࠏڕΚຳරඒߛᖂೃΕຳරᥨᖂೃΕ݂܄তᓡ سᖂೃΕຳරᢌᖂೃ֗ᄅতዿཎଃᑗᖂೃࠓԵຳරՕᖂΖຍᣊٽࠓط៱ڶ Օᖂ܂ࠓۯΔՈऎش៱ڶՕᖂټጠΔਢࠢীऱଫࠓᣊীΖ
2.ط CAEs ࡉ CAEs ࢨݾᖂೃٽࠓګᄅՕᖂΖࠏڕΚ۫ຳරՕᖂਢط MacarthurΕNepean ֗ Hawkesbury ԿࢬඒߛᖂೃٽࠓۖګΖ
ࠩԱ 1990 ڣזॣཚΔᖾՕᖂீೃऱᖲዌᑇՀ૾Δᖲዌᑓঞࣔ᧩ឩՕΖൕ
। 4 ᖾඒߛᖲዌ 1988 ࡉ 1991 ڣऱֺለΔױאৰ୲࣐چנຍጟ᧢֏Ζ ےǯ! ጬՉጠ်ጌց܉ݣᆵු̅ᇁ˞̨ྲྀ
ጌց܉Ğ1988ğ ጌցݣ Ğ1991ğ ጠ်ᇁ
ĞϒढደΡᆵğ ጠ်ᆵ ̨! ጠ်ᆵ ̨!
І2000 26 035% 05 12.5%
2000-5000 23 034% 02 05.0%
5000-8000 12 016% 09 22.5%
Ї8000 13 018% 24 60.0%
᜔ʳ ᑇ 74 100% 40 100%
ၗٰྍǺׯጓԾ GoedegebuureȐ1992: 196, 202ȑ߄ 7.1 Ϸ߄ 7.3Ƕ
ط࣍ᖾຍंඒߛዌૹᖞലᆖ၄ࡉீೃᑓᆙڇԫದΔڂڼլ܀ᑓ
՛࣍ 2,000 Գऱᖂೃؘႊᗨᄕ༈ޣٽࠓऱኙွΔຑᑓբሒ॰ាऱீೃΔԱञ
࠷ቔᚐٽࠓऱᠰ؆ᆖ၄Εᖜ֨լឩՕᑓലໜ؈ڶհᚌႨ֗լܓ࣍آࠐ࿇୶ࢨ
Աൎ֏ߓࢬ֗ᓰ࿓ऱڍᑌࢤΔא֗ጐױ౨چᡐឰᇷᄭऱڍૹەၦհՀΔՈڍ
ߩԱঢၞ۩ٽࠓΖ। 5 ᧩قڇ 13 ࢬءᖂس༉၌መ 8,000 ԳऱՕীᖂீխΔၞ
۩ᖞࠓऱֺΰ69иα၌መආ࠷լᖞࠓฃऱֺΰ31иαΖ
ے5! ጬ˚ϣᇁՉጠ်˞ጌցїߏ ጠ်ᇁĞϒढደΡᆵğ!
Ŵ2000 2000-5000 5000-8000 ŵ8000 ᖞʳ ࠓ 21Ȑ81ʘȑ 16Ȑ70ʘȑ 10Ȑ83ʘȑ 9Ȑ69ʘȑ լᖞࠓ 5Ȑ19ʘȑ 7Ȑ30ʘȑ 2Ȑ17ʘȑ 4Ȑ31ʘȑ
᜔ʳ ᑇ 26Ȑ100ʘȑ 23Ȑ100ʘȑ 12Ȑ100ʘȑ 13Ȑ100ʘȑ
ၗٰྍǺGoedegebuure, 1992: 206
ʭăघ݄ደڟጌց!
)Ι*ᐌځޟଢ଼Ψ!
பऱ૿ᗨࡉഏઌᅝΔ܀ਢԳՑڶ 400 ᕉᆄΔڂڼڶࢬՕᖂΔ່ײ
۔ऱਢཎຬՕᖂΔګم࣍ 1811 ڣΖԲڻՕᖏհ৵ΔBergenΕTrondheim ֗
TromsoԿࢬᄅՕᖂթຬᥛمΖԱ୲ 1960 ڣז৺ᝪឩ്ऱඒߛᖂسΔ
பਙࢌڇႚอՕᖂհ؆ᐖᖂೃΰregional collegesαΔא༼ࠎᄐᖄٻᓰʳ
࿓Ζ
ࠩԱ 1990 ڣזॣཚΔப٥ڶ 98 ࢬᖂೃΔץܶ 25 ࢬஃᒤᖂೃΕ15 ࢬ ՠ࿓ᖂೃΕ27 ࢬ᠔ࠃᖂೃΕ3 ࢬषᄎՠ܂ᖂೃ֗ 14 ࢬࠡהറ॰ಝᒭᖂೃΖط࣍
ᖂೃᑇၦڍΕᑓ՛Δ1965 ڣګمऱψ୮ࡡᄎωΰRoyal Commissionα༉
མ৬ᤜലᖂೃऱ۩ਙࡉิ៣ףאᖞٽΖڂ࠹ࠩຝ։ᖂೃ֗റᄐิ៣ऱ֘
ኙΔபඒߛຝ࣋ඵԱรԫڃٽऱᖞࠓૠΖ
ط࣍ᑇၦᡓՕऱᖂೃऱጥທګ۩ਙՂऱᖜΔඒߛຝ࣍ 1976 ڣڇ 17 ଡګمԱᜤٽጥΖ܀ਢڂຍࠄጥᦞԺઌᅝڶૻΔኙ࣍ٺᖂೃ
ۖߢΔፖࠡٻຍࠄᜤٽጥޣܗΔլڕऴ൷ބඒߛຝΖڂڼΔᜤٽጥ
ࠀڶ࿇ཀפ౨Δᖂೃᝫਢٺ۩ࠡࠃΖຍጟൣउࠩԱ 1980 ڣזխཚၲࡨڶԱ᠏
᧢Ζ࠹ࠩψᄅֆ٥ጥωऱᐙΔඒߛᖲዌᎁᚨᇠࡉࠡהਙࢌຝ॰ԫᑌ
ၞ۩٦ທΔאൎ֏ጥΕ༼֒யΖ
1987ڣᄅګمऱψ୮ࡡᄎωڇᛀီඒߛऱؾᑑΕิ៣ࡉ࿇୶ऱᚌ٣
ႉݧհ৵ΔਐנאᖞࠓऱܘԺհࢬא؈ඓΔਢءۯᆠ܂ఱΖᅝழऱञച
ፖംᠲΰץਔٺீऱႚอΕᓰ࿓ΕᇷαຟᇥՕԱΔۖٺᖂೃᑓመ՛ࢬข سऱംᠲՈբᆖॺൄᄑΖڂڼψ୮ࡡᄎωᎁΔലٺᖂೃຘመٽࠓף אᖞٽऱழᖲբᆖګᑵΰKyvik, 2002; Norgard & Skodvin, 2002αΖ
)Π*ᐌځޟႆแ!
ط࣍ඒߛຝ࠹ጥല२ۍࢬᖂೃհેΔڇψ୮ࡡᄎω࿇।ᖂೃؘႊᖞ ࠓऱऄհ৵Δඒߛຝᙟܛ࿇।ػؼ।ق֭Ζ1993 ڣඒߛຝެࡳٺऱᖂ
ೃؘႊᖞࠓګڠمᖂೃΰstate collegesαΖࠠ᧯ۖߢΔຍڻඒߛᖞࠓऱؾᑑො
።אՀԶរΰKyvik, 2002αΚ
1.ឩՕᖂۯऱᑓΕ༼֒ࠡᔆΙ 2.ൎ֏լٵᖂᏆհඒஃऱ൷ᤛፖٽ܂Ι 3.ڇᄅᖂೃխ໌ທ٥ٵऱඒߛ֮֏Ι 4.༼ࠎᖂسᖞٽլٵᓰ࿓ऱױ౨ࢤΙ
5.ൎ֏ิ៣ڃᚨषᄎ᧢ᔢፖᏁޣ֗࿇୶ᄅᓰ࿓հ౨ԺΙ 6.༼֒ᖂೃ᧯ߓऱګءயఛΙ
7.ޏቹᙴ֗ጻሁᇷಛઝݾΙ 8.ޏ۩ਙࣚ೭ऱᔆΖ
ೈԱՂ૪ԶរؾᑑΔඒߛຝᝫڶԫଡڶֆၲᎅࣔհؾऱΔ༉ਢݦඨ៶طᖞ ࠓॴַࠟࢬᑓ່Օऱࢤᖂೃ֒ګՕᖂΖຍࠟࢬᖂೃڍڣࠐ֨ᗨᐞუ֒
ՕᖂΔ܀ਢඒߛຝݦඨലՕᖂऱᑇၦፂڇڶऱࢬΔאᝩ܍ඒߛ᧯
ߓխऱဍຝ։መ৫ឩ്ΔڂڼԫऴլٵრຍࠟࢬՕᖂޏࠫऱޣΖຘመᖂ
ೃհၴऱᖞࠓΔඒߛຝݦඨຍࠟࢬᖂೃឰԱሀߩՕᖂऱ࢚ᙰΔᤉᥛፂப
ඒߛՕᖂЯᖂೃ։مऱԲց᧯ߓΰKyvik, 2002αΖ
ڇࡳᖞࠓऱঞࡉؾᑑհ৵Δඒߛຝຂګٺऱψඒߛࡡᄎω ΰboards of higher educationαࠐං೯ᖞࠓऱመ࿓Δࠀެࡳᇠփٺᖂೃٽࠓऱ ኙွΖឈྥՕڍᑇᖂೃኙ࣍ٽࠓࠀլᑷխΔ܀Ոवሐຍਢլױᝩ܍ऱ࿇୶ֱٻΔ ڂڼڍ൷࠹ᇠඒߛࡡᄎऱڜඈΖ܀Ոڶԫࠄᖂೃאچۯᆜઌ၏֜Ε
ᑓբᆖജՕطᄕԺݼࢴٽࠓऱڜඈΖڇඒߛࡡᄎऱٵრհՀΔՈױ אᛧԫࠄࢤᓳᖞऱᐘࢤΖ
)έ*ᐌځޟ๖ݎ!
ᆖመᖞࠓհ৵Δபऱ 98 ࢬᖂೃࠩ 1994 ڣګ 26 ࢬڠمᖂೃΖᖕ Kyvikΰ2002αڇ 1997/1998 ڣၴಾኙ 300 ۯᖂΕ۩ਙᏆᖄԳ֗ඒߛຝΕࠡהຝ ᄎࡴၞ۩ऱᓫ֗ڠمᖂೃඒஃၞ۩ऱᓳઔߒΔٽࠓᒔኔڶܗ࣍۩ਙࡉറᄐ
ᔆֱ૿ऱ༼֒ΔՈᏺףԱᖂೃڇषᄎऱ౨ߠ৫ࡉچۯΖ܀ਢط࣍ᖞࠓऱᖂೃ
հၴऱچ၏ᠦΔࠐݦඨ៶طٽࠓאឩՕᆖᛎᑓΕ૾܅ګءΕ༼֒ᆖᛎயఛ ऱؾᑑࡸآ౨ך։ሒګΖ
ᕣጥٽࠓऱ࣠ࡉቃཚऱؾᑑࡸڶԫ၏ᠦΔ܀ਢᖂೃऱچۯ༼֒থขسԱ ԫଡᅝॣլڇቤհփऱ৵࣠Ζ1996 ڣபഏᄎຏመᄅऱψՕᖂፖᖂೃऄωΰAct on Universities and CollegesαΔᨃՕᖂࡉᖂೃլᓵڇิ៣ࡉጥՂΔຟڶԫଡ٥ٵ ऱਮዌࡉऄᄭഗ៕ΖᖕψՕᖂፖᖂೃऄωΔՕᖂऱٚ೭ڇ࣍ഗ៕ઔߒ֗ઔߒ سඒߛऱ༼ࠎΖڠمᖂೃຂ༼ࠎٺᣊറᄐࡉᄐᖄٻᓰ࿓ΔٵழՈຂԫຝ։
Օᖂऱഗ៕ᓰ࿓Ζڼ؆ΔڇࡉՕᖂٽ܂ऱൣउհՀΔࢨՕᖂڶၲᓰऱᄅᏆΔ ڠمᖂೃՈױאၲઔߒࢬᓰ࿓ΖٵழΔڠمᖂೃՈؘႊၞ۩ᚨشࢤࢨࡉം
ᠲઌᣂऱઔߒΖψՕᖂፖᖂೃऄωՈޏ᧢ԱڠمᖂೃऱጥᑓڤΖڇٽࠓհছΔ
ᖂೃऱீ९ਢطࡡᄎංΔ٦طඒߛຝ९ᆤٚΖڇ 1996 ڣհ৵Δٺڠم ᖂೃࡉՕᖂԫᑌΔߓΕೃΕீ్ऱᖂጥຟطீփ۞ขسΖ
ឈྥᖂೃኙ࣍౨֒ڠمᖂೃΔࠀၞԫޡᛧࡉՕᖂؓದ݄ؓऱچۯ
ࣲۖΔ܀ਢඒߛຝ៶طᖞࠓॴᖒᖂೃ֒ՕᖂΔאፂඒߛԲց᧯ߓऱ ܘԺথڂڼᆵ़ΖਝྥᖂೃࡉՕᖂլ܀ڶઌٵऱऄᄭࠉᖕΔڶપ 50иऱᖂೃբ ᆖၲጚՓఄᓰ࿓ΔඒߛຝլլٵრΔᖂೃऱඒஃ౨Ժࡉᓰ࿓ऱᣊܑሒࠩ
ਬଡᑑᄷΔ༉אၲ໑Փᓰ࿓Ζኙ࣍ᖂೃۖߢΔ֒ګՕᖂৰ۞ྥਢՀԫଡ ؾᑑΖڂڼΔபਢܡᚨᇠᐒೈඒߛऱԲց᧯ߓΔޏԫ᧯ߓऱઌᣂᤜᠲΔ Ո֧ದԱᐖऑऱಘᓵΖ༉ຍଡߡ৫ࠐΔඒߛຝ៶ᖂೃऱᖞࠓࠐॴᖒψᖂཾ
ฝωऱܘԺࠀլګפΰKyvik, 2002αΖ
ͲăʭՉጌց˞̨ྲྀ!
ൕאՂԿଡഏ୮ඒߛᖞࠓऱ൶ಘױאנΔ༉ਙऱ whenΰᖞࠓழཚαΔ
whyΰᖞࠓऱ೯Ժαࡉ howΰᖞࠓऱᣊীࡉං೯ۯαԿֱ૿ۖߢΔԿഏຟڶ ॺൄઌۿհΖ༉ਙऱ whatΰᖞࠓਙૹរ֗ൻਜαۖߢΔபآڕ๛ᥞ ࡉᖾࣔᒔΖط। 6 ױא࿇אՂԿഏऱඒߛᖞࠓΔڇՂ૪༓ଡ૿ٻऱઌۿ ࡉઌฆհΖ
ے6! ʭՉጌց˞̨ྲྀ
ᛌ ጬ घ݄
ᖞࠓऱழཚ 1983Ё1987 1988Ё1990 ڣזॣཚ 1993Ё1994 ᖞࠓऱ؆ຝ೯Ժ ឩՕᑓ
༼֒யፖய౨
ٽᆖᛎૹᖞऱᏁޣΕ
༼֒யፖய౨
ൎ֏ጥΕ༼֒ய
ᖞࠓऱփຝ೯Ժ
অڶᆖ၄Εፂس ژ
CAEsΚሒࠩᖂسᑇ॰
ាΕፂسژ ՕᖂΚᡐឰᇷᄭ
ፂسژ
ᖞࠓऱᣊী HBOհၴऱٽࠓ 1.Օᖂଫࠓ CAEs 2.CAEsհၴٽࠓ
ᖂೃհၴऱٽ ࠓ
ᖞࠓऱؾᑑ
྇֟ HBO ᖲዌऱ ᑇၦΕឩՕᖲዌ
ᑓ
1.ലඒߛطԲցޏ
ԫ᧯ߓ 2.྇֟Օᖂீೃᑇၦ
1.ឩՕᖂೃ
ᑓΕ༼֒ګءயఛ 2.ॴַᖂೃ֒
ՕᖂऱٞቹΕፂ
ඒߛԲց᧯
ߓ
ᖞࠓऱਙ ࣔᒔ ࣔᒔ ࣔᒔ
ऱൻਜ ᆖ၄ ᆖ၄ ለլࣔᒔ
ං೯ᖞࠓऱխտ
ۯ
HBOࡡᄎ ؆ګمψٽࠓՠ܂՛
ิω
ٺऱψඒ ߛࡡᄎω
ᖞࠓऱ࣠
HBO ᖲዌᑇط 359
૾۟ 85 ࢬΔᖲዌ
ᑓࣔ᧩ឩՕ
74ࢬՕᖂࡉ CAEs ᖞࠓ
36 ࢬՕᖂ
98 ࢬᖂೃٽࠓ
26 ࢬڠمᖂೃ
ݙګᖞࠓؾᑑऱ
࿓৫
ݙګ ݙګ ؾᑑ 1.ՕીݙګΔ
܀ᖄીᖂೃچۯ༼
֒Δᡶؾᑑ 2.հ ݙګ
ౙă࣎ΐो̂ඈିֈፋ׀९
२ڣࠐףஞՕڶࠟଡՕᖂீೃऱᖞࠓூࠏ֧ದઌᅝᐖऑऱࣹრΔJulia Eastman ࡉ Daniel W. Langΰ2001αམಾኙຍࠟଡூࠏၞ۩Եऱ൶ߒࡉ։࣫Δהଚऱઔߒ
࣠༼ࠎݺଚԫ൶ᖞࠓऱᓤᠧመ࿓ፖᣄאך։ቃཚऱ࣠Ζ
ʙăЊ˃ୱՉࠂՀַؚϻϻ˃ደڟ࢙ցर!
)Ι*ঙځޟଢ଼Ψ!
ڜՕฃඒߛઔߒࢬΰOntario Institute for Studies in Education, OISEα࣍ 1965 ڣ 5 ִڇڍڍګمΔؾऱڇ࣍ၞ۩ඒߛઔߒ֗ၲඒߛઔߒࢬጚ໑Փᓰ࿓Ζឈ
ྥ OISE ਢԫଡऄࡳऱᗑمᖲዌΔ܀ OISE ࠀآᓿղቇᖂۯऱᦞܓΔڂڼࡉڍ
ڍՕᖂΰאՀ១ጠڍՕαঅψॵ᥆ωऱᣂএΔݮڤՂ᥆࣍ڍՕऱઔߒࢬຝ॰Δ ڇڍՕऱิ៣խጠψඒߛᓵઔߒࢬωΖOISE ᖂسုםऱઌᣂࠃ೭ࡡطڍՕᙄ
ΔՈطڍՕቇᖂۯΔOISE ޢڣ֭בڍՕ 60 ᕉᆄףኞऱ۩ਙᄐ೭၄Ζ
Աፂ OISE ઔߒፖඒᖂऱᔆΔڍڣࠐڜՕฃઊਙࢌԫऴ OISE ᒳ٨
ܑቃጩΔ༼ࠎᠰ؆ᆖ၄ΖܛࠌڕڼΔOISE ᝫਢ૿ኙᆖ၄լߩऱ࿖ቼΖԱኧࢍᇞ
ެ OISE ऱംᠲΔڜՕฃઊਙࢌ࣍ਢൎԺআګ OISE ࡉڍՕऱඒߛᖂᆢٽࠓΖڍՕ ඒߛᖂᆢऱছߪਢψڜՕฃඒߛᖂೃωΰOntario College of EducationαΔڇ 1965 ڣࠓԵڍՕΔࠀڇ 1972 ڣޏټψڍڍՕᖂඒߛᖂᆢωΰFaculty of Education of the University of Toronto, FEUTαΖط࣍ඒߛऱઔߒࡉጚ໑Փᖂ࿓բط OISE ץᙄΔ ڂڼ FEUT ࠓԵڍՕ৵ᝫਢאஃᇷഛߛࠡٚ೭ΔڇڍՕऱچۯլΔᆖ၄ ՈᏅ⇕Ζຍጟൣउԫऴࠩ 1988 ڣ OISE ऱඒ Michael Fullan נٚ FEUT ऱᖂ ᆢ९ΔՕԺ༼֒ FEUT ڇઔߒֱ૿ऱ।հ৵ΔթᛧޏΖࠩԱ 1994 ڣΔψڜ Օฃඒߛ֗ಝᒭᨚωᄕԺআګ OISE ࡉڍՕऱᖞࠓூழΔFEUT ऱᖂᜢඨࡉீփ چۯຟڶࣔ᧩༼֒Ζ। 7 ᧩ق 1994Ё1995 ᖂڣΔOISEΕFEUT ࡉڍՕڇٺֱ૿ऱ
ֺለΖ
ے7! OISEăFEUTַϻ˃˞̨ྲྀ
OISE FEUT ϻϻ˃ደ
ᖂسᑇ 2440 3100 50893
റٚඒஃᑇ 128 121ΰܶኔ᧭ᖂீඒஃ 35 Գα 2942
۩ਙԳ 172 74 3685
܂ᄐگԵΰףኞα 3,300ᆄ 2,000 ᆄ 6Ꮩ
ீ೭ഗ८ΰףኞα 40ᆄ -- 5Ꮩ
֮ʳ ֏
ઔߒ১ ඒஃխ֨
ૹီᤁञࡉኙݼ
ඒᖂ
ᖂسխ֨
ૹီࡉٽ܂
ၗٰྍǺԾ Eastman & LangȐ2001: 89-91; 120-122ȑǶ )Π*ঙځޟႆแ!
ڇڜՕฃઊψඒߛፖಝᒭᨚωᗨᄕਐقࠟீᖞٽհ৵ΔڍՕࡉ OISE ٺ۞ิ
ګᓫܒቸၷΔࠀᝮᓮഏփ؆ໃנඒߛᏆᖂृ܂ቸၷംΖ܀۞ൕ 1994 ڣ 4
ִቸၷรԫڻᄎᤜհ৵Δڂ OISE փຝ֘ᐘᜢՕΔᓫܒመ࿓ᖵᑇִᝫශྤၞ
୶ΖOISE ຝ։ඒஃᎁ OISE ࡉڍՕᑓ၏መՕΔᠨֱլױ౨ਢኙऱٽࠓΖ ፖࠡᨃڍՕࠓܟհ৵ݮٵᇞ᧯ΔOISE լڕঅणΔࢨࡉᑓለ՛ऱՕᖂΰڕપ
܌ՕᖂαٽࠓΖԱؚధᏜݝΔᠨֱٵრᆤᓮ Simon Fraser Օᖂீ९ John Stubbs
܂ᓳԳΖڇ Stubbs ર֨ऱމᓢࡉᄮຏհ৵Δᠨֱึ࣍ڇ 1996 ڣ 12 ִૡٵრΖ ᕣጥ༉ᖲዌᐋڻࠐΔOISE ࡉڍՕڂᑓऱᣬΔࠡᖞٽᣊীྤጊਢࠢী
ऱଫࠓூΖࢨԱᝩ܍ၞԫޡף OISE ኙ࣍ᖞٽऱጊᐞΔᠨֱࢬૡऱٵრ
ጠψᖞٽٵრωΰIntegration AgreementαΔᖞٝٵრխՈຟא integrate ࠐ࠷ז mergerΖٵრխኙ࣍ᆖ၄Εᇷᄭऱፖ։Δᖞٽऱૠፖኔਜຟڶ ᇡาऱቤΔᠨֱࠀٵრ OISE ࡉ FEUT ڇ 1996 ڣ 7 ִ 1 ֲᖞٽڍՕհՀऱඒ ߛᖂᆢΔࡉڍՕࠡהᖂᆢࠆڶઌٵऱᦞܓፖᆠ೭ΔᄅᖂᆢऱټጠψڍڍՕᖂ ڜՕฃඒߛઔߒࢬωΰOntario Institute for Studies in Education of the University of Toronto, OISE/UTαΖ
OISEࡉڍՕԫݙګٵრऱૡհ৵ΔڍՕீ९༉լ٦ऴ൷ፖᖞٽመ࿓Ζ
OISEऱࢬ९ Arthur Kruger ڇٵრૡլՆ৵༉Δۖطᖜٚ OISE ᓫܒቸၷ
״ႃԳऱܗࢬ९ Angela Hildyard ᤉٚࢬ९೭ΖHildyard ᤉᥛᘣ۞ፖᖞٽመ
࿓ΔᠨֱࠀࠉᖕٵრګمԱψᖂᖞٽՠ܂՛ิωΔאၞ۩ᄅऱቤࡉዌΖ )έ*ঙځޟ๖ݎ!
ط࣍ OISE ਢڜՕฃઊᛧၲᙄඒߛᏆ໑Փᓰ࿓ऱࠟࢬՕᖂீೃհԫΰ
ԫࢬ྅֜ဎՕᖂαΔڇඒߛઔߒֱ૿ڶ࠱။ऱ।ΔࡉڍՕٽࠓ৵Δኙ࣍ڍՕ ڇඒߛᏆऱᜢඨڶمܛऱף։ய࣠ΔڂڼڍՕீ९ኙ࣍ᖞٽऱ࣠ॺൄየრΖ OISEڇᆖᖵԱཚऱլᒔࡳࡉլڜհ৵Δط࣍ OISE অԱڶऱᖲዌټጠࡉᎁ ٵΔڍᑇඒஃኙᖞࠓຟ्ࡳኪ৫Ζᖄ OISE ᖞٽூऱ Angela Hildyard ᎁΔ ឈྥᖞࠓլױᝩ܍چڶࠄཚऱլᒔࡳࢤፖྡྷᐞΔ܀༉९ཚࠐΔࠡ࣠ᒔኔਢ إ૿ऱΖᖞࠓհ৵ΔOISE/UT ऱತ೭ࡳΕႥཱིለ୲࣐ΔਢڍՕխնՕᖂᆢհ ԫΔࡉࠡהᖂᆢऱٽ܂ለ୲࣐Ոለ᙮Ζ
ԫֱ૿ΔFEUT ኙ࣍ᖞࠓ࣠ऱ૿ტ࠹ঞࡉ OISE ऱ्ࡳኪ৫ݮګൎ௺ኙ
ֺΖء᥆࣍ FEUT ऱඒஃᎁΔࠐ۞ OISE ऱᄅٵࠃࠡᖂऱᚌႨΔլ܀ڇ ᄅۯխנٚጥΔۖڂঅڶԱࠐऱᖲዌټጠΕ֮֏֗ᎁٵΔהଚৰ֟ല۞
աီڍՕऱԫٝΖឈྥൕ FEUT ऱߡ৫ࠐΔᖞࠓऱؾᑑਢڇᖞٽஃᇷ ഛߛࡉඒߛઔߒΔݦඨᠨֱ౨ജյ፞ࠡܓΔ܀ਢຍᑌऱཚৱآ౨ᆵኔΖᖞࠓ৵Δ ஃᇷഛߛऱچۯఛݮ܅ᆵΔۖඒߛઔߒ֗ጚ໑Փᓰ࿓ऱૹࢤޓൎᓳΖڼ؆Δ ᠨֱڇ֮֏ՂऱฆՈޓףס᧩ΔFEUT ऱඒஃڇᖞࠓ৵༓ګԱԲֆاΖ
ʠăOpwb!Tdpujb Ӭ˃ደַ Ebmipvtjf ˃ደڟϫցर!
)Ι*ӫځޟଢ଼Ψ!
ط࣍ףஞՕඒߛᆖ၄ऱܔ྇ΔNova Scotia ઊਙࢌڇ 1990 ڣזխཚൎ௺
ݦඨ౨ᓳᖞඒߛዌΕឩՕீೃᑓΔא૾܅ګءΕ༼֒யΖឈྥ Nova Scotia ݾՕᖂΰTechnical University of Nova Scotia, TUNSαڇሽૠጩΕՠ࿓ֱ૿ऱ
।࠱။Δ܀ਢڂᑓ֜՛Δᆖ၄ᣄאឩᏺΔլܓآࠐऱ࿇୶Ζط࣍ TUNS ࡉ Dalhousie ՕᖂΰאՀ១ጠ Dalhousieαچۯᆜઌ२ΰઌ၏քଡဩՑαΔڂڼ Nova Scotia ઊਙࢌൎ௺৬ᤜ TUNS ࡉ Dalhousie ٽࠓΔࠀᠨֱᠰ؆ᆖ၄אᖿ
ᚐΖط࣍ᅝழ TUNS բڶತ೭ܺᣄΔᎁٽࠓԫֱ૿ױאᛧᠰ؆ᆖ၄Δمܛއ ᇞᆖ၄լߩऱ࿖ቼΙԫֱ૿ڇآࠐױאࠉᘸ Dalhousie ऱ۩ਙࣚ೭Δലᆏઊऱᆖ၄ شհ࣍ᖂ࠱။ऱಳޣΔڂڼ൷࠹ٽࠓऱ༼ᤜΖDalhousie Ոᢥګٽࠓऱ༼ᤜΔೈ
Աᆖ၄ऱᎈڂհ؆Δ່ਢڂ Dalhousie ڇՠ࿓ࡉሽૠጩֱ૿ऱ।լڕ TUNSΔᎁࡉ TUNS ऱٽࠓലڶܓ࣍ Dalhousie ڇຍֱ૿ऱ࿇୶Δڰֲኔ
Dalhousieګ Nova Scotia ઊհᤎՕᖂऱཚৱΖڂڼΔឈྥᠨֱऱᑓᣬΕ
֮֏լٵΔ܀ਢኙ࣍ٽࠓګԫࢬޓ༄ᤁञԺऱᄅՕᖂຟךየཚৱΖ। 8 ᧩قࠟீ
ڇ 1996 ڣቤٽࠓழऱฆΖ
ے8! Nova ScotiaӬ˃ደĞTUNSğַDalhousie˃ደ˞̨ྲྀ
TUNS Dalhousie ˃ደ
ᖂسᑇ 1450 11000
റٚඒஃᑇ 93 990
ଫٚඒஃᑇЯܗඒ 60 800
ٺᣊ۩ਙԳ 225 1618
܂ᄐگԵΰףኞα 2,300 ᆄ 1Ꮩ 4,500 ᆄ
ீ೭ഗ८ΰףኞα 500 ᆄ 1Ꮩ 8,000 ᆄ
֮ ʳ ֏ ለլൎᓳີࡉ࿓ݧ אՕᖂᎁٵۯ Օᖂᖞ᧯ࣷለᘣയ
ᅃີ۩ࠃ
ஃسՠאࢬ᥆ᖂᆢᎁٵۯ Օᖂᖞ᧯ࣷለงᠦ
ၗٰྍǺԾ Eastman & LangȐ2001: 54-56ȑǶ )Π*ӫځޟႆแ!
TUNSࡉ Dalhousie ࠟீڇ 1996 ڣ 2 ִၲࡨಘٽࠓऱױ౨ࢤΔᙟ৵ڇ 4 ִ
ؒࠟீެࡳٽࠓΔࠀ࣍ 7 ִ 10 ֲૡٽࠓٵრΔ࣍ 1997 ڣ 4 ִ 1 ֲإڤٽ ࠓΖڇૡٵრհ৵Δࠟீ٥ٵګمԱψٽࠓቤࡡᄎωΰAmalgamation Planning Committee, APCαΔץܶࠟீீ९Ε೫ீ९֗ֆᣂٚΕTUNS ՠ࿓ᖂᆢ
່ጥΕٽࠓച۩״ႃԳΖ
ط࣍ࠟீٽࠓऱᖞଡመ࿓Δਢطࠟீऱீ९ᘣ۞ፖࠀᖜٚऱ࠰Գ
Δڂڼᖞଡመ࿓լ܀ڶڜՕฃඒߛઔߒࢬࡉڍڍՕᖂᓫܒऱවհΔᝫ ךየԱԫጟߏԳ֏Εլࡴቛऱ᎘ᠾࣷΖ۟ᅝࠟீڇ 1996 ڣإڤؒٽࠓऱૠ
ழΔࠟீຟᝫآམૡٚ۶إڤ࠰ᤜΖᖞ᧯ۖߢΔࠟீऱٽࠓઌᣂࠃ೭ڍطࠟ
ۯீ९ࢨ֟ᑇࠟீጥΔ٦ᓮᇀࠃᄎٵრΔࡉ OISE ፖڍՕᖞٽூຘመࠟ
ீհᓫܒቸၷሎ܂լٵΖ )έ*ӫځޟ๖ݎ!
ᖕ TUNS ࡉ Dalhousie ऱٽࠓٵრΔឈྥᖞٽ৵ऱᖲዌጠ Dalhousie Օ ᖂΔࠡؾऱڇګمԫࢬψٽऱՕᖂωΰamalgamated universityαΔڂڼࠡጲళਢ ٽࠓΔۖլਢଫࠓΖԱڇٽࠓ৵ऱᄅՕᖂխঅఎ TUNS ऱ۞ࡉݙᖞࢤΔٵრ
ࠥრᨃ TUNS অڶψᖂೃωΰCollegeαऱᗑچۯΔᖂೃᇀࠃᄎΕೃ९֗
ᖂࡡᄎΖ
ط࣍ TUNS ࡉ Dalhousie ऱٽࠓٵრآམࡌچەᐞٽࠓ৵ለ՛ᖲዌױ౨
૿ኙऱംᠲΔڂڼᕣጥٵრ୶Աኙ࣍ TUNS ऱრΔ࠰ऱመ࿓ՈৰؓࡉΔ
܀ڶܓ࣍ TUNS ऱጟጟࢭᘭ֗ભړནࠀآᆵኔΔ۟ڇٽࠓ৵ऱ TUNS ૹᄅ ࡎټழΔຟᔡሖԱᄕՕऱംᠲΖ1997 ڣ 2 ִ TUNS ࡎټψDalhousie Օᖂڍ ցݾᖂೃωΰDalhousie University PolytechnicαΖڼԫټጠᔡࠩ TUNS ڶඒஃΕ
Εᖂسࡉீ֖ऱޅေࡉՕԺݼࢴΔᎁਢ၈ލ TUNS ऱ܂ऄΖڂუլנٺ
ֱຟ౨൷࠹ऱټጠΔTUNS ऱᇀࠃᄎ࣍ਢެࡳא TUNS ڇٽࠓመ࿓խऱॺإڤټ ጠψDalTechω܂ TUNS ٽࠓ৵ऱإڤټጠΖ
ೈԱټጠംᠲԫၲࡨ༉נஃլܓΔٵრխԫࠄءۿڶܓ TUNS ऱڜඈ ຟ૿ኙრუլࠩऱਗᖏΖଈ٣נംᠲऱਢ TUNS ܂ԫଡψᖂೃωऱᗑچۯΖ ᖂೃհࢬאᗑΔ່ਢڂ Dalhousie ءऱิ៣ਢאᖂᆢΖط࣍آך։
Աᇞᠨֱิ៣ऱฆΔTUNS ऱඒஃኙ࣍ᖂೃڇ Dalhousie ऱچۯመ৫ཚৱΖ TUNS ᎁψᖂೃωऱچۯലڶܗࠡঅڶऱ۞Ε֮֏ࡉݙᖞࢤΖྥۖ
ԫֱ૿ڂٵრխࠀآᒤΔٽࠓ৵ऱጥ֗۩ਙ᧯ߓڕ۶ᦞᄅᖂೃऱ ᇀࠃᄎΕೃ९֗ೃᖂᄎᤜΙ؆ԫֱ૿ڂ Dalhousie ऱႚอਢאᖂᆢΔլ ᓵ۩ਙۯࢨٺጟᄎᤜࡉז।ຟክऴ൷ፖᖂᆢٌ௫Δ࢙ۖီݮٵဠऱᖂೃΔ ڂڼ TUNS უ៶طᖂೃऱᗑิ៣Δڇ Dalhousie խᗑᖫԫऱუऄΔৰݶ༉
ధᄰԱΖٽࠓԫڣ৵Δՠ࿓ᖂᆢڇ 1998 ڣ 3 ִެࡳๅᠦ DalTechΖլՆհ৵Δሽ
ૠጩᖂᆢՈԱઌٵऱެࡳΖDalTech ڇᖞࠓԫڣ৵ݮٵᇞ᧯Δլլᦎྥߨ
ԵᖵΖ
ʭă֍ጌցर˞̨ྲྀ!
ឈྥՂ૪ࠟଡᖞࠓூ૿ኙॺൄઌۿऱ؆ຝ֗փຝ೯ԺΔڇਬࠄٻ৫Ոॺൄઌ २Δ܀ਢط࣍ࠟூڇᖞࠓመ࿓ऱ܂ऄฆॺൄՕΔאી࣍ขسԱრறհ؆ऱٽࠓ
࣠֗ኙ࣍ᖞࠓॺൄᣬऱေᏝΖࠟூऱֺለױאط। 9 ࠐ᧩قΖ ے9! ͑ऌ˃֍ጌցर˞̨ྲྀ
OISE/FEUT/ϻϻ˃ደጌցर TUNS/Dalhousie˃ደጌցर
ᑓΰᖂسᑇα 2440Κ3100Κ50893 1450Κ11000
چۯᆜ ᔣ२ ᔣ२
յᇖࢤ ൎ ൎ
؆ຝ೯Ժ ૾܅ګءΕ༼֒ய ឩՕᑓΕ༼֒ய
փຝ೯Ժ OISEΚᇞެತ೭ംᠲΔঅᎽᆖ၄ ڍՕΚ༼֒ඒߛᏆհᜢඨ
TUNSΚឩՕᆖ၄ࠐᄭ DalhousieՕᖂΚឩՕᑓΕ
༼֒ՠ࿓֗ሽૠጩᏆհᜢඨ
ቤᖞࠓᣊী OISEڍՕଫࠓΔOISE ࡉ FEUT
ٽࠓ TUNSࡉ Dalhousie Օᖂٽࠓ
ᖞࠓᓫृ ࠟீᓫܒቸၷ ࠟீீ९
ᓫܒࣷ Ꮶࢸ് ֖ړΕრ
ᖞࠓٵრ ᇡาࡌ ለ១ฃ
إڤᖞࠓֲཚ 1996 ڣ 7 ִ 1 ֲ 1997 ڣ 4 ִ 1 ֲ ᖞࠓመ࿓၄ழ 29 ଡִ 14 ଡִ
ᖞࠓ࣠
OISE ࡉ FEUT ٽࠓڍՕհՀऱ ඒߛᖂᆢΔऎش OISE ڶټጠΔ OISEհ֮֏ፖᏝଖګੌΖ
TUNSګ Dalhousie Օᖂխᗑ
ऱᖂೃΔޏጠ DalTechΖԫڣ৵ՠ
࿓ ࡉ ሽ ૠ ጩ ᖂ ᆢ ٣ ৵ ๅ ᠦ DalTechΔᘜԵ Dalhousie ࠡהᖂ ᆢΔDalTech ߨԵᖵΖ
ᖞࠓ৵ኔᎾᣊী ᖲዌᐋڻOISEڍՕଫࠓΔ ᖂᆢᐋڻ FEUT OISE ଫࠓ
TUNS Dalhousie Օᖂଫࠓ
ᖞࠓየრ৫ OISEࡉڍڍՕᖂຟৰየრΔ܀ਢ FEUT۞ᤚԲֆا
DalhousieՕᖂৰየრΔ܀ TUNS ᄕ৫؈ඨ
ၗٰྍǺԾ Eastman& LangȐ2001: 96-124ȑǶ
߭ăඕ! ኢ
אՂᣂ࣍ඒඒߛᖞࠓ؆ຝ֗փຝ೯Ժऱ։࣫Εᖞࠓᣊীऱ൶ಘ֗ഏᎾऱֺ
ለΔኙ࣍ݺഏऱඒߛᖞࠓਙ֗ઔᤜᖞࠓऱՕᖂீೃױ༼ࠎՀ٨ඔقΚ ʙăϵՉጌցއൊ̟!
)Ι*ଽ้ఀىޟᐌځۣоҳݲೣጒ!
ط࣍ඒߛऱᖞࠓլႛழ၄ԺΔᆖൄ௫ඒߛዌऱૹᖞΕᖿᚐ ࢤᆖ၄ऱ༼ࠎΕᆖൄࢤᆖ၄ऱᓳᖞΕԳऱڜᆜΔ۟ՒچΕತขऱ᠏ฝΔڂڼ ഏ؆ᖞࠓூլᓵਢߓอࢤऱՕᑓᖞࠓࢨਢᖞࠓଡூຟຘመمऄ࿓ݧΔᛧऄᄭ ࠉᖕΔᝩ܍א۩ਙࡎחං೯ᖞࠓऱլᒔࡳࢤΖ
)Π*ଽ้ఀىᐌځࢇ๊݂҆ጂȂٮԤшϷޟৈ௩ࢊ!
ഏ؆ڇං೯ඒߛᖞࠓழΔਙ֗ࠡؾᑑॺൄࣔᒔΔૡࡳᒔ֊ऱᖞࠓழ
ၴ।ΖٵழΔඒߛਙՈڶᓾፆ։ࣔऱൻਜΔאᆖ၄ΕᖂسԳᑇฃ আګਙؾᑑऱݙګΖڼ؆ΔԱቃψ૿ٽࠓωΰpaper mergersαΔڶࠄഏ୮ ΰڕ๛ᥞαᝫࣔᒔޣٽࠓ৵ऱீೃ౨ڶԫଡᇀࠃᄎΕԫऱ۩ਙ᧯ߓ֗ԫ ऱீ೭ᄎᤜז।Δאᒔࡳኔᔆٽࠓ౨ڰֲᆵኔΖ
)έ*ఀىഋۣѫॏۡଽ้ఀىᐌځޟনࠌ!!
ط࣍ඒߛऱᖞࠓ௫֗Օᖂீೃऱ۞Δڂڼඒߛຝڇૡࡳঞ৵Δ լࡵऴ൷տԵΔۖط؆مऱࡡᄎࢨࠡהխտᖲዌං೯֗ᅮᖞࠓመ࿓Δᝩ
܍۩ਙ᧯ߓࡉீೃ۞ױ౨ऱᓢડΖ
)Ѳ*ଽ้ఀىޟᐌځᄇຫۣоߨσᏰଽ้ఀىᐠᄺܖடཾᏰ࣏к!
ឈྥඒߛऱᖞࠓڍאឩՕᆖᛎᑓΕ༼֒யؾᑑΔ܀Օᖂீೃ
ऱᆖᛎᑓ۟վࠀྤࡳᓵΔࠏڕΚKoshal & Koshalΰ1999αਐנࢬᘯऱᆖᛎᑓ ࠉՕᖂீೃऱᔆۖฆΔৰᣄބנຏشऱ່ᔞᑓΖڼ؆ΔਢܡឩՕᑓ༉౨༼
֒யΔՈਢԫଡ࿇ԳઊऱംᠲΖৰ᧩ྥΔඒߛऱڍૹפ౨ࠀլ୲࣐אᙁ ԵࡉขנऱֺଖנՀऱܒឰΖഗ࣍אՂऱەၦΔഏ؆طਙࢌᖄऱᖞࠓூࠏ ڍႃխڇᑓመ՛Εڶᡶآࠐ࿇୶ऱॺՕᖂඒߛᖲዌࢨᓰ࿓መ࣍ስऱറᄐ
ீೃΔৰ֟কྥၞ۩ႚอՕᖂၴऱᖞࠓΖ
)Ϥ*ϴҳଽ้ఀىޟᐌځۣоӫځڷঙځ࣏кौ!
ط࣍ඒߛൎᓳ۞ऱႚอ֗ิ៣۞ݺঅژऱء౨ΔૉॺൎՕऱ؆ຝᚘ ԺΔՕᖂீೃհၴ۞ᣋࢤऱᖞٽഗءՂᄎೣٻᜤᅩΕॵ᥆Ε߶ᜤᠾཋຑऱᑓ ڤΔאঁڇլޏ᧢ิ៣ዌΕլ᧢ޓڶீټऱൣउհՀΔၞ۩ݝຝࢤऱٽ܂Ζ
܀ਢഏ؆ऱᆖ᧭᧩قΔԱݙګឩՕඒߛᖲዌᑓΕ૾܅ګءΕൎ֏ᓰ࿓ऱ ڍᑌࢤؾᑑΔٺഏհઌᣂਙৰࣔᒔچޣՕᖂீೃၞ۩ٽࠓࢨଫࠓΔאՕ༏
ૻࠫඒߛᖲዌᙇᖗᖞࠓᣊীऱ़ၴΖ
ʠăϵࠂᚊጌց˞˃ደम̟!
)Ι*ᐌځџඪټଽ้ఀىᐠᄺ໌Ι؏ีޟ࠶ᐠ!
ឈྥᖞࠓऱ೯Ժൄࠐ۞؆ຝᛩቼऱᚘԺΔඒߛᖲዌڶ֜ڍऱᙇ ᖗΖ܀ਢڂᖞࠓਙ༼ࠎᠰ؆ᆖ၄֗ឩՕீೃᑓऱᖲᄎΔૉ౨ലψطՂ
ۖՀωऱ؆ຝ೯Ժ᠏֏ګψطՀۖՂωऱփຝ೯ԺΔലױ༼֒ீೃऱᤁञԺΔൎ
֏آࠐ࿇୶ऱഗ៕Ζ
)Π*ᐌځޟҬ݂҆ጂȂྜᆓၾ҆ᄱȂоᏗᆹϱഋӓᜋ!
ط࣍ᖞࠓլױᝩ܍چ᧓೯ீೃڶऱิ៣Ε֮֏ΕᦞԺऱዌፖؓᘝΔڂڼ
ᖄી؎Օऱլᒔࡳࢤ֗ڂڼۖࠐऱݼࢴΖԱڶயං೯ᖞࠓመ࿓Δᚵᖞࠓீ
ೃࡵࣔૡᖞࠓऱؾᑑΔࠀאך։ऱழၴၞ۩ீփऱᄮຏࡉ٥ᢝऱᕩፋΖܡঞྡྷᐞΕ ጊ᥈ࢬขسऱփΔലॴᡶᖞࠓऱڶயං೯Ζ
)έ*ᐌځޟႆแߨலፒᚕȂሯԤ၏ᅾޟೣგ!
ᖞࠓਢॺൄᓤᠧऱመ࿓ΔᏁᇡาऱቤΕך։ԱᇞᠨֱऱฆٵΔࠀኙᖞࠓ
৵ױ౨ऱംᠲၞ۩ޥᒌංዝΖ
)Ѳ*ᐌځӣཎਪሯڎരݲࡡਝΨ!
ᖞࠓٵრؘႊᇡาۖࡌΔኙ࣍ᖞࠓ৵ऱټጠΕࡳۯΕᆖ၄։ຟؘႊڶ ࢬᒤΔრࠀլߩਂΔؘႊڶࠠໂऄ৳யԺऱ֮ٙ܂ᖞࠓาᆏऱࠉᖕΖ
)Ϥ*ᐌځਖ਼Ѕӻቹԩޟ᠌ΨڷၥྛϷȂӨቹԩޟᐌځϚَு
Ιम!
