• 沒有找到結果。

第四章 資料分析與結果

第二節 因素分析

本節主要針對「行為信念」、「行為結果評價」、「規範信念」、「遵從動機」、「控 制信念」、「自覺能力」、「行為態度」、「主觀規範」、「知覺行為控制」與「行為意 向」量表進行探索性因素分析(Exploratory factor ANalysisM EFA),以建構出各量 表的效度。

在作因素分析之前要先看本研究資料是否適合執行因素分析,以取樣適切性 量數考驗(Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy, KMO)來檢驗變項間 的淨相關係數(KMO 越接近 1 代表變項間的淨相關係數越低,進行因素分析抽取 共同因素的效果越好)以及使用 Bartlett 球面性考驗值用來考驗相關矩陣中的相關 係數是否顯著地高於 0。表 4-2-1 顯示,「行為信念」量表、「行為結果評價」量表、

「規範信念」量表、「遵從動機」量表、「控制信念」量表與「自覺能力」量表之 KMO 值分別為.91、.82、.90、.87、.79、.87、.89、.50、.73 與.73,Bartlett 球面性 考驗值依序為 1841.30、1576.44、1703.62、1342.74、534.72、754.11、1576.13、

173.98、273.69 與 475.09(p < .001),十個量表之 KMO 值良好,且 Bartlett 球面性 考驗皆達顯著,顯示本問卷的資料可執行因素分析。

量表進行探索性因素分析,以主成分分析(Principle component factor analysis, PCF)

萃取因素,根據 Kaiser(1960)弱下限法(weakest lower bound),保留特徵值大於 1 的因素。在因素分析轉軸方式中,以直交轉軸(Orthogonal rotation)中的最大變

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異法(Varimax)取出因素負荷量,並以因素負荷量大於.30 為選題標準去建構出量 表分析結果,轉軸後因素分析摘要表如表 4-2-2 所示。

由表 4-2-2 可知,「行為信念」量表在第一次因素分析時發現第 7 題的因素負 荷量為負值,經研究者檢視此題項原先為反向題,但在進行因素分析之前已作反 向計分處理,因此因素負荷量為負值屬不合理之現象,因此將第 7 題刪除後再次 進行因素分析。經第二次因素分析的結果,「行為信念」量表的特徵值為 4.86,可 解釋變異量 80.96%,對應在此量表的題項 loading 值介於.83 ~ .95,共包括 6 個題 項。

「行為結果評價」量表在第一次因素分析時共萃取出兩個因素,但因素二僅 包含第 7 題一個題項,無法測出所代表的層面特質(吳明隆,2006),因此將第 7 題刪除後再次進行因素分析。經第二次因素分析的結果,「行為結果評價」量表的 特徵值為 4.42,可解釋變異量 73.59%,對應在此量表的題項 loading 值介於.78

~ .92,共包括 6 個題項。

「規範信念」量表的特徵值為 5.06,可解釋變異量 72.30%,對應在此量表的 題項 loading 值介於.72 ~ .93,共包括 7 個題項。

「遵從動機」量表的特徵值為 4.65,可解釋變異量 66.44%,對應在此量表的 題項 loading 值介於.72 ~ .89,共包括 7 個題項。

「控制信念」量表的特徵值為 3.03,可解釋變異量 60.57%,對應在此量表的 題項 loading 值介於.69 ~ .84,共包括 5 個題項。

「自覺能力」量表的特徵值為 3.44,可解釋變異量 68.89%,對應在此量表的 題項 loading 值介於.77 ~ .88,共包括 5 個題項。

「行為態度」量表的特徵值為 4.89,可解釋變異量 69.91%,對應在此量表的 題項 loading 值介於.80 ~ .89,共包括 7 個題項。

「主觀規範」量表的特徵值為 1.68,可解釋變異量 84.21%,對應在此量表的 題項 loading 值為.92,共包括 2 個題項。

「知覺行為控制」量表的特徵值為 2.33,可解釋變異量 58.32%,對應在此量 表的題項 loading 值介於.73 ~ .82,共包括 4 個題項。

「行為意向」量表的特徵值為 2.44,可解釋變異量 81.42%,對應在此量表的 題項 loading 值介於.87 ~ .92,共包括 3 個題項。

經過因素分析刪除不適當之題項後,10 個量表各題項的因素負荷量皆在.30 以

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I1 Doing the regular exercise will help me to control my body weight. .91 I2 Doing the regular exercise will help me to control my blood pressure .87 I3 Doing the regular exercise will help me to control my blood sugar. .83 I4 Doing the regular exercise will help me to control my blood lipid .83 I5 Doing the regular exercise will help me to control my metabolism .78 I6 Doing the regular exercise is helpful to my health .92

規範信念 5.06 72.30

L1 My family thinks I should do the regular exercise .84 L2 My boss thinks I should do the regular exercise .84 L3 My colleagues think I should do the regular exercise .93 L4 My close friends think I should do the regular exercise .90 L5 My priest thinks I should do the regular exercise .81 L6 My doctor thinks I should do the regular exercise .90 L7 Taiwan Health Center manager thinks I should do the regular exercise .72

遵從動機 4.65 66.44

M1 Generally speaking, how much do you care what your family thinks you should do?

.80 M2 Generally speaking, how much do you care what your boss thinks you

should do?

.86 M3 Generally speaking, how much do you care what your colleagues think

you should do?

.89 M4 Generally speaking, how much do you care what your close friends

think you should do?

.85 M5 Generally speaking, how much do you care what your priest think you

should do?

.80 M6 Generally speaking, how much do you care what your doctor think you

should do?

.78 M7 Generally speaking, how much do you care that Taiwan Health Center

manager think you should do?

.72

控制信念 3.03 60.57

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題號 內容 因素

負荷量 特徵值 解釋

變異量 O1 How often do you encounter unanticipated events that place demand on

your time?

.76 O2 How often do you feel ill, tired or listless? .77 O3 How often do family obligations place unanticipated demands on your

time?

.84 O4 How often does work or employment place unanticipated demands on

your time?

.83 O5 How often do you fail to do the regular exercise ? .69

自覺能力 3.44 68.89

P1 If I encountered unanticipated events that place demands on my time .77

P2 If I felt ill .88

P3 If I had family obligations that placed unanticipated demands on my time

.84 P4 If I work or employment placed unanticipated demands on my time .88

P5 If I failed to do the regular exercise .77

N1 Most people who are important to me think that .92 N2 Most people whose opinions I value would approve me to do the

regular exercise .92

知覺行為控制 2.33 58.32

Q1 For me to do the regular exercise is .73

Q2 Whether or not I do the regular exercise is completely up to me .77 Q3 I am confident that if I wanted to I could do the regular exercise .74

Q4 For me to do the regular exercise is .82

行為意向 2.44 81.42

R1 Doing the regular exercise has been planned in the next 6 months .87 R2 I will make an effort to do the regular exercise in the next 6 months .92 R3 I intend to do the regular exercise in the next 6 months .91

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