第七章 結論與建議
7.2 建議
根據本研究之研究結果提出幾項建議:
1. 未來政府若欲全面性推動學生步行上放學計畫,短期內政府及交通安全教育內容設 計等相關單位應盡快依據注意力專注能力、注意力轉換能力、風險感認能力及過馬 路能力四部份,針對目前學生所缺乏之知識與能力設計課程,供學校及家長教導兒 童使用。
2. 本研究認為兒童步行上放學之四項能力中,注意力專注能力與注意力轉換能力為較 上層之能力,亦即為需要較先具備之能力,因此建議家庭教育著重在注意力專注能 力及注意力轉換能力之教導,風險感認能力與過馬路能力為次要訓練項目;學校則 著重於風險感認能力與過馬路能力之教導,注意力集中與轉移能力為次要訓練項 目。
3. 家庭交通安全教育與學校交通安全教育對兒童獨自步行能力有重大之影響,然而目 前我國家庭交通安全教育尚未受重視,而學校交通安全教育未被落實。因此學生步
行能力普遍不足,若推動步行上放學計畫,促使兒童步行上放學,將造成兒童交通 事故率上升,使得家長因而反對兒童步行上放學,導致計畫無法長期推動。因此建 議政府規劃提升兒童步行上放學能力方案,鼓勵家長及學校積極訓練兒童,待兒童 有足夠步行能力後,再推動獨自步行上放學計畫。
根據本研究之研究限制與未來研究方向提出下列幾項建議:
1. 本研究嘗試設計量表量測受測者之注意力分散程度、注意力轉換能力、風險感認能 力及過馬路能力。然而注意力分散程度構面全部9 題題目以及過馬路能力構面之第 10 題、第 15 題、第 18 題及第 19 題之鑑別度不佳,原因為這些試題大部份皆為不 論能力高低兒童皆會做或不會做之行為,因此無法有效鑑別不同能力之學生,建議 未來若欲以問卷方式量測兒童之注意力分散程度,應重新修改試題,以提升試題鑑 別度。
2. 本研究因集中概念不易以文字方式呈現,因此嘗試以注意力分散程度量測兒童之注 意力集中能力,未來努力以注意力集中角度進行量測。各項能力之量測試題可不斷 測試及修改,並建立不同題目困難度與題目鑑別度之試題,以更有效且真實量測兒 童之注意力集中能力、注意力轉換能力、風險敢認能力及過馬路能力。
3. 本研究抽取之學校中未包括有參與「國際走路上學日(International Walk to School Day)」運動之學校,然而本研究認為參與國際走路上學日活動之學校,有針對學生 進行步行技巧與相關知識之訓練,因此該學校學生之步行能力應較其他學校學生 好,未來研究可抽樣參與走路上學日運動之學校,與未參與活動之學校進行比較,
不但可比較參與未參與學校學生之能力差異外,亦可比較參與活動之學校學生能力 之差異,並進一步探討各校對兒童之步行訓練內容差異,對兒童獨自步行能力之影 響,以尋找出最佳教育內容與教育方式。
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