• 沒有找到結果。

第六章 結論

第三節 研究展望

經由本文的研究發現,已初步確立了「視覺圖像」在「詩歌華語」學習 方面的影響力。然而,現存的研究數目並不充足,詩歌華語領域仍有極大的 後續探索空間。本文在此提出兩個可行的未來研究方向:第一,雖詩歌華語 的學習者皆達一定的華語程度,仍可再細部區分學習者的程度,分別進行測 驗,比較測驗結果是否有所差別。在前人的二語閱讀理解研究中,曾指出圖 像輔助教材對不同程度的二語學習者而言,影響程度亦有差異,對初階學習 者的助益遠較高階學習者為大(Omaggio, 1979)。此差異是否也存在於詩歌 華語學習領域,值得進一步探討。第二,可再加入「影片」(video)作為輔 助教材,與圖像的輔助成效進行比較。由於現代的媒體發達速度日新月異,

除了圖像之外,影片也常成為二語教師在課堂中選用的輔助教材。影片能結 合視覺與聽覺效果,所營造的詩歌情境或許更貼近真實情況,更有助於提升 國際學生的詩歌學習成效。

本文透過實證研究方法,探索圖像及文字輔助教材對詩歌華語學習成效 的影響,並將研究結果實際運用於課堂,設計教學活動範例,期許能為詩歌 華語現存的教學難點,提供可行的解決方法。此外,本文在研究方法上仍有 若干不足,若能解決受測者來源不易取得之問題,並加入前測與後測的對比,

相信能使研究結果更臻完善。

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附錄

附錄一:六首詩歌的圖像輔助教材

1. 李白〈靜夜思〉 2. 王之渙〈登鸛雀樓〉

3. 崔護〈題都城南莊〉 4. 劉禹錫〈烏衣巷〉

5. 杜秋娘〈金縷衣〉 6. 孟郊〈遊子吟〉

109 附錄二:六首詩歌的華語文字輔助教材

1. 李白〈靜夜思〉

「舉頭望明月,低頭思故鄉。」意思是:

抬頭望見窗外的明月,不禁低下頭思念起遠方 的故鄉。

出門在外的遊子,雖然與家鄉的親人分隔 兩地,但抬頭看到的是同一個月亮,月亮便成 為遊子與家人之間的重要聯繫,所以,異鄉夜 晚的月亮特別容易引發遊子對故鄉的思念。

2. 王之渙〈登鸛雀樓〉

「欲窮千里目,更上一層樓。」意思是:

想要看到更遠的景物,就必須再爬上更高的一 層樓。

詩人透過「想要望遠,必須登高」的具體 動作和畫面,來比喻人生的道理:如果想要追 求更高、更遠的人生理想,就應該不斷地努 力,讓自己進步。這兩句詩表現了積極進取的 精神。

3. 崔護〈題都城南莊〉

「人面不知何處去,桃花依舊笑春風。」

意思是:那位女子如今不知道去哪裡了?眼前 只剩下美麗的桃花,仍然像去年一樣在春風中 盛開。

成語「人面桃花」藉由盛開的桃花,比喻 女子青春美麗的容貌,同時也透過桃花再次盛 開,而女子卻已不在的對比,表達出詩人失望 的心情。

110 4. 劉禹錫〈烏衣巷〉

「舊時王謝堂前燕,飛入尋常百姓家。」

意思是:歷史上的烏衣巷,曾是王導、謝安的 貴族豪宅區,廳堂前有燕子飛進飛出;如今烏 衣巷仍有燕子,但豪宅已經不在,燕子飛進的 是普通平民的住宅。

詩人透過烏衣巷這個地方在不同朝代的 景物變化,表達出昔盛今衰的感慨。

5. 杜秋娘〈金縷衣〉

「花開堪折直須折,莫待無花空折枝。」

意思是:趁著花盛開時,趕快折下花枝來欣 賞;別等到花都凋謝了,才折下光禿禿的樹 枝,到時候嘆息也來不及了。

花朵盛開時最美,但時間很短暫,人的青 春歲月也是一樣。詩人透過「折花」的比喻,

勸告我們,年輕的時光寶貴,應該好好珍惜。

6. 孟郊〈遊子吟〉

「誰言寸草心,報得三春暉。」意思是:

誰說像小草一樣的子女心,能報答像春天陽光 一樣的慈母恩惠呢?也就是說,母愛的偉大,

子女永遠也報答不完。

這首詩中,春天溫暖的陽光象徵母愛,一 寸高的柔弱小草象徵子女。小草需要陽光才能 長大,就像子女需要母愛才能成長。

111 head up and gaze out the window at the bright moon, and then can't help but lower my head in longing for my distant

hometown.

A traveler far from home is separated from their family, and yet the moon which they all see in the night sky is one and the same. As such, the moon becomes an important connection between traveler and family. It is especially easy for a traveler to reminisce about their hometown when the moon is seen shining in the night sky over a foreign land.

2. 王之渙〈登鸛雀樓〉

112 see even more distant landscapes, I must climb to an even greater height.

The poet uses the concrete action and image of "climbing to new heights in order to see farther away" as a metaphor for the principle of life: if you want to strive for higher and more distant ideals, it requires that you apply great, continuous effort in order to make progress. These two poetic phrases express the proactive, enterprising spirit.

泰文

「欲窮千里目,更上一層樓。」Detta betyder: För att se något långt borta måste man ta sig högre upp.

Poeten använder det konkreta "för att se längre måste man

113

klättra högre " för att uttrycka något djupare om livet: För att förverkliga avlägsna och höga ambitioner måste man ständigt

klättra högre " för att uttrycka något djupare om livet: För att förverkliga avlägsna och höga ambitioner måste man ständigt