第五章 結論與建議
第四節 研究建議
1. 由於本研究結果發現非同步討論區裡互動討論、觀察深度思考的情況仍不算積 極,可能因為工作過於忙碌或勞累而忽略參與學習社群的任務,若中小企業加 以規劃政策規定與適時的獎勵措施,能鼓勵與警惕企業員工不斷學習,提升企 業員工的持續線上學習的意願。
2. 認知臨場感即所謂達到高度批判思考層次及能力,在本研究中認知臨場感會密 切影響訓練成效,培養此種能力並非一蹴可幾,需要不斷在有討論的對象和事 件情境裡練習,因此,同儕在探索、整合和解決問題到應用的歷程,不要隨著 社群討論活動結束而終止,問題解決和批判思考是需要以長期過程觀之,所以 盡可能主動透過別的管道持續進行反思,如此才能真正養成能力並反應在成效 上。
3. 將訓練評估與績效評估制度結合:訓練部門在設計績效評估的考核表時,可以 將訓練成效相關問項加入考核表中,評量結果可以回饋給員工,讓員工瞭解自 己的優缺點後,再加以改進;並可以回饋給主管做為管理行為改善之參考。
二、對政府的建議
1. 本研究從研究結果發現在此模型中,中小網大環境下社會臨場感對認知臨場感 的影響不顯著,在基本資料路部份得知參與實體課程人占 16.20%,但其實實體 課程與線上課程是沒有直接關連的,若是中小網大能以「混同學習」的開課方 式,以實體授課搭配線上教學,必能彌補同儕在互動溝通上的缺憾。
2. 學習與訓練發展過程裡若以 ADDIE 模式分別為分析,設計,發展,實施,並 且評估,每個階段的比重都是同等重要的,因為每一個階段都是蘊育對下階段
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的結果,從中小網大裡研究者發現政府較少在評估階段琢磨,政府若是規定中 小企業完成訓練成訓評估之程序才得以補助,將能使中小企業數位學習計劃更 加完整。
三、對後續研究者的建議
1. 本研究樣本均來自於中小企業網路大學校的學習使用者,建議未來研究可針對 不同電子化政府學習網站(例如哈客網路學院、臺北 E 大 等網站)進行調查,讓 樣本更具代表性,且將能有更深入的探討並能針對不同網站做比較。
2. 本研究所探討的訓練成效是以 Bushnell 所提「投入、過程、產出」教育訓練系 統模式為基礎,對照 Kirkpatrick 四層次評估模型中之反應層次、學習層次以及 行為層次,結果層次是以對組織經營績效的衡量,由於考慮難以估算行為上個 改變所帶來的利益,因此本研究在訓練成效方面只探討至行為層面,未來研究 能考量納入結果層次,對教育訓練成效做更完整之探討。
3. 本研究主要以問卷調查的量化方式來驗證本研究之假設,未來研究者若能以深 度訪談、專家訪談的方式,瞭解企業在使用上的實際情形與政府執行的狀況,
或試以內容分析法的方式對非同步討論區的資料進行分析,將能更詳細的呈現 學習者在社會臨場感中的互動紀錄、認知臨場感的批判深度,俾利於呈現更真 實的研究結果。
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