第五章 研究結論
第三節 研究建議與討論
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第三節 研究建議與討論
本研究主要係探討創業精神對於全球資金流動之影響，研究結果獲得實證支持，惟 研究過程仍有許多可精進或值得討論面向，在資料蒐集方面，考量各資料庫型態、調查 期間、國家數量，難以周全，其中直接投資雙邊流量，受限於 IMF CDIS 資料庫於本研 究蒐集資料期間，僅有 6 年 (2009 至 2015 年) 數據，惟變數影響性，可能需要長時間 觀察，未來俟可尋找替代方式解決。
在變數選擇方面，Stein and Daude (2007) 指出一般實證文獻討論雙邊貿易或資金流 動，多以國家間地理特徵 (距離) 及國家間文化與歷史相關變數，表示交易成本，惟並 未考量夥伴國家即時溝通需求所產生之交易成本，雖然電話、Email 及即時通訊技術，
可以取代面對面溝通，但人們仍然偏好夜間睡眠，未來似乎可以考慮以時區變數取代距 離。另外，本研究變數雖涵蓋創業、經濟及文化等面向，惟政治因素如兩國情勢、有無 戰爭等，對資金流動也可能產生影響，未來似可考慮選擇適合之政治變數列入模型，以 更周妥反映國家環境背景因素。
在跨國差異方面，處於早期發展階段之國家或經濟體，每年可能有較多數量企業個 體開始發展，但是較少能持續維持，相反地，已開發國家或經濟體，可能有較多數量建 立經年之商業擁有者，或屬於經營情況較為穩定之大型企業體，相對而言，處於初期創 業階段者較少，本研究雖以社會價值或創業者態度，彌補創業精神變數可能產生之偏差，
惟未來似乎對於創業精神變數中，關於創業階段之初期、早期、經營及撤銷等，進一步 加以處理。最後，本研究目的經由追蹤資料實證模型獲得驗證支持，惟研究結論尚屬概 括性結果，可能無法在單一國家得到相同驗證，未來亦可擇選具代表性國家、城市或地 區，以區域 (協定) 或特殊議題，考慮區域經濟整合或貿易協定等，再就國家效果或其 他面向進行深入探討比較，似可得到更為細緻或不同面向觀察結果。
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‧
Constant
8.0897***
BusServices𝑗
-0.0000
R-squared 0.0052
Adjusted R-squared 0.0047 F-test
P-value
8.48
‧
Constant
8.0720***
BusServices𝑗
0.0000***
R-squared 0.0330
Adjusted R-squared 0.0318 F-test
P-value
69.59
‧
Constant
-9.5140***
BusServices𝑗
0.0139***
R-squared 0.3963
Adjusted R-squared 0.3960 F-test
P-value
2337.44 0.0000
25176.01 0.0000 說明：*、**、*** 分別表示該係數在 10%、5%、1% 的顯著水準下，以雙尾檢定
拒絕虛無假設。
資料來源：本研究整理。
‧
Constant
11.0874***
(0.1565)
11.5187***
(0.4798)
11.2486***
(0.2365)
R-squared 0.0107
Adjusted R-squared 0.0086 F-test
‧
Constant
10.9630***
(0.0003)
10.9634***
(0.0008)
10.9632***
(0.0003)
R-squared 0.0686
Adjusted R-squared 0.0662 F-test
‧
Constant
8.4554***
R-squared 0.2095
Adjusted R-squared 0.2086 F-test
P-value - 329.80
0.0000
3,577.43 0.0000 說明：*、**、*** 分別表示該係數在 10%、5%、1% 的顯著水準下，以雙尾檢定
拒絕虛無假設。
資料來源：本研究整理。
‧
Constant
9.5103***
(0.1563)
10.0020***
(0.4280)
R-squared 0.0153
Adjusted R-squared 0.0136 F-test
P-value
7.75
‧
Constant
9.9535***
R-squared 0.0153
Adjusted R-squared 0.0136 F-test
P-value
76.13
‧
Constant
3.6636***
0.00245***
(0.0049)
R-squared 0.2710
Adjusted R-squared 0.2701 F-test
P-value
388.70 0.0000
4,261.13 0.0000 說明：*、**、*** 分別表示該係數在 10%、5%、1% 的顯著水準下，以雙尾檢定
拒絕虛無假設。
資料來源：本研究整理。