• 沒有找到結果。

第四章 研究結果

第五節 研究限制

1.受測產品選用限制

在開放式問項中,少部份受測者會填寫「產品相關問題」如:

對施測商品不感興趣、對產品有疑問等相關個人偏好理由,

進而使得在後續分析中易產生隱慮。

2.購買情境和真實情境落差

研究消費者的購買量、購買意圖,就實驗設計而言,實地調 查(Filed study)是最好的選擇,在自然的情境下,受測者 的購買量相對地會比紙上談兵來的好。在情境設計

(laboratory study)中,消費者比實際上理性,加上圖片 的陳列方式沒有動態,消費者的購買意願相對低。

3.受測樣本內容品質

商管學系的學生填寫問卷的方式有呈現制式化的模式,大家 習慣拿到問卷就開始猜測此問卷背後的目的,多了一份戒 心,因此受測結果可能較不能反映真實狀況。

第六節 未來研究方向

在前述的研究內文中,主要探討商品是否具儲存特性在高/低數量標 示及限制購買數量標示下對消費者購買數量的影響,並得知商品在具儲 存特性時,高的數量標示方式相對於低的數量標示方式消費者的購買數 量較高,而在商品不具儲存特性時,高的數量標示方式相對於低的數量 標示方式消費者的購買數量較低,而造成這個結果的主要原因為消費者 的購買數量決策會考慮到儲存成本(Blattberg, Eppen, and Lieberman 1981)等因素。除此之外,本研究更進一步沿伸探討消費者行為,並認為 消費者是否接受外在的刺激是出自於消費者的內在,即消費者個人特質 對購買數量之影響。在 Rick, Cryder and Loewenstein (2008) 的研究 中,以消費者在付出款項時,感到心疼的多寡劃分。當消費者心疼的感 覺越強烈,表此消費者為吝嗇者,反之,心疼感相較輕微,則代表此類 型的消費者為衝動者。

不論擁有謹慎或衝動特質的消費者在面對商家採以多件數量標示作 為剌激銷售量的手段時,都會產生衝動性購買行為,但在低或高的多單 位標示時,購買量仍會有所差異。即當謹慎者和衝動者都感受到商品實 用性的情況下,在高多件數量標示時,謹慎者較衝動者更會考慮長期利

益,會多考量這些不在預期內所多買數量的使用方式、倉儲成本,經思 考過後,過去衝動性購買的經驗會累積浮現,故謹慎者的購買量會相對 降低;在低多件數量標示時,謹慎者因數量較低,考量因素較不會有高 單位標示多,且因處於實用情境較容易說服自己轉換情境,故購買量相 對提高。另一方面,衝動者較容易受外界的刺激下產生購買行為,再加 上衝動者重視正面情感忽略負面情感,故在面對高低多件數量標示時,

則購買差異不大;至於消費者在購買娛樂性商品時,不論面對高或低單 位的多件數量標示,謹慎者相較於衝動者皆會買的較少。

綜以本研究內容為基礎,提供許多可作未來研究發展的議題。在探 討消費者行為中,除了消費者個人特質對購買數量會有所影響外,消費 者 本 身 對 於 商 品 的 認 知 需 求 (need for cognition) (Cacioppo and Petty,1982)亦可能是影響決策的一項因素。基於處理現有資訊所投入的 努力程度不同,認知需求高或低的消費者在面對相同資訊下所做出的決 定也可能會有所差異,因此往後的研究可試著蒐集並進一步探討消費者 在處理所接收到的商品訊息時,所投入的思考程度是否會影響其購買商 品數量的多寡,以期更細部驗證消費者內在層面因素與購買數量決策之 相互關係。

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