第五章 結論
第二節 研究限制與建議
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業與外派管理者所面對的環境將不斷產生新類型挑戰。環境轉變與適應過程持續 不斷發生，今日的成就很可能在明日便已落伍、當下趨勢在明日便已成為過往歷 史。在務實、理性算計的思維中，持續不斷的適應與學習成為外派管理者在全球 化時代中，面對外在挑戰與困難時所呈現出的最大特質。
第二節 研究限制與建議
本研究存在許多限制。受限於時間問題，對於受訪者只能透過短暫的訪問獲 取資料，無法以更長期的時間在田野中參與受訪者的生活，進而獲得更為深刻的 資料與體驗。此外受訪者在訪問過程中大多願意分享生活與工作中的所有層面，
凸顯出在異鄉工作中遇到同鄉的親切感。但很可惜筆者無法缺乏足夠的知識背景 將其深入分析，呈現出外派人員更為真實的一面。另外因為研究主題涉及企業內 部的許多權力與結構問題。缺乏更多受訪者進行交叉比對，進而提出更為扎實的 觀點和分析。最後筆者認為田野訪問過程將產生大量難以言喻的感受，此種經驗 往往只能透過筆記記錄下來，但是隨著離開田野環境，似乎總少了某些傳神的描 述，筆者嘗試在研究對象段落勾勒出田野訪問中產生的感受，但是無法以文筆明 確呈現這種置身於田野中所產生的心境變化，這對於筆者而言一直是最大的遺 憾。
本研究聚焦在台灣半導體企業在中國的發展，以外派高階幹部為研究對象。
台商是本研究的重心之一，但未來台商研究將呈現更多元化發展。隨著台商在中 國的多年發展，在中國的台灣人早已異質化，具有外派幹部、家屬、留學生與等 等多元角色。現今許多學者已開始將研究對象擴及所有在中國的台灣人，以台灣 人研究為重心；此外中國市場高度變動，正值中國經濟發展階段，連帶刺激社會 結構的變遷。中國環境快速變化，所有在中國生活的台灣人必須隨之快速應變。
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因此研究的時效性將快速遞減，研究所描述的現象將快速消失或轉化。
在田野訪問與研究分析的過程中，筆者意外察覺到社交媒體（social media）
對外派人員的重要性，2015 年的訪問中所有受訪者都運用社群媒體，但在前幾 年的田野訪問並未出現全面使用社群媒體的現象，這類趨勢在短短幾年中快速成 長。事實上社交媒體的影響力擴及所有人群與社會層面。此種虛擬化的社會關係，
是全球化時代中新階段的發展，既有全球化觀點著重在空間距離的消失，距離不 再是阻礙人們接觸互動的關鍵因素。但隨著各項社交軟體的發展，不只是距離消 失，甚至連實體接觸的重要性也不如以往。在可以預見的未來中，資訊化與虛擬 化仍將成為人類社會最重大的轉變趨勢。筆者甚至認為這是在複雜多變的世界中，
少數明確的發展趨勢。回歸到本研究議題，社群媒體廣泛運用在與客戶、員工、
家人和朋友等等關係，多數跨界互動是結合虛擬社群媒體互動和實際聚會。針對 社群媒體的研究需要整合跨領域的文獻，但是筆者所知相當有限，針對社交媒體 的文獻認識不多，既有文獻似乎大多集中在傳播領域，但是使用社群媒體的現象 介於傳播學、社會網絡與 STS 等領域之間。所以如何整合不同領域文獻，進行分 析將是嘗試研究社群媒體的挑戰。並且將社群媒體運用在社會學研究，尚屬於起 步階段，將面對眾多實際操作上的挑戰。既使如此，筆者仍認為在全球化的脈絡 中，不論環境如何變化，社群媒體將在多數人互動中扮演重要角色，進一步衝擊 並轉化現有全球化現象，對於了解全球化或是當代社會具有相當重要的潛力。
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