研究限制:由於研究者本人過去曾擔任專案的專案人員,受訪者在接受訪談的過程 中回答問題,可能會擔心專案人員不再提供相關資源協助,對於負陎的資訊可能會選擇 隱藏或是修飾美化;此外,陎對受訪者流失問題,由於必要型創業者多經歷一段艱辛的 過往,如何突破心防願意接受訪談,除了在訪談資料上匿名保護受訪者外,未來在一開 始接觸創業者前,先透過創業者信任的顧問先行邀約溝通,有助於提升其受訪意願。未 來研究建議上,可以增加不同業別的成功必要型創業者,來比較其創業輔導歷程與必要 型餐飲創業者有何異同。
引用文獻
王天祥(2014)。從信扶至協創,創業脫貧方案成效與反思-以高雄某兒童福利機構為例。
社會工作實務與研究學刊,1,19-45。
王嘉州、王怡雈(2011)。微型創業鳳凰政策之過程評估:屏東縣個案分析。中國行政評 論,18(2),145-178。
朱沛(2007)。創業現象的分類與特殊類型創業理論的發展。創業管理研究,2(3),21-50。
岑淑筱、陳川正、楊承浩(2017)。弱勢族群的微型創業-以單親婦女為例。輔仁管理評 論,24(1),21-46。
李培芬(2008)。創業鳳凰--打造女性創業新未來。臺灣勞工季刊,11,112-115。
周大堯、李羿佩(2017)。發展性社會工作於弱勢家庭微型創業服務之運用--以財團法人 臺灣兒童暨家庭扶助基金會創業扶家方案為例。社區發展季刊,157,361-371。
林佩璇(2000)。個案研究及其在教育研究上的應用。載於國立中正大學教育學研究所(主 編),質的研究方法(239-263 頁)。高雄:麗文。
林金定、嚴嘉楓、陳美花(2005)。質性研究方法:訪談模式與實施步驟分析。身心障礙 研究,3(2),122-136。
林家五、黃國隆、鄭伯壎(2004)。從認同到開創:創業家的動態釋意歷程。中山管理評 論,12(2),337-397。
施鴻基(2016,4 月 21 日)。青年創業 95%倒閉 桃市青年局挬轟。聯合新聞網。取自 http://udn.com/news/story/7269/1643303
財團法人中國信託慈善基金會(2016)。2016 年信扶專案服務手冊。臺北市:作者。
財團法人中國信託慈善基金會(2016)。2016 年信扶專案輔導簡介。臺北市:作者。
高明瑞、蔡依倫(2009)。鑲對的社會創新歷程︰制度陏新觀點。創業管理研究,4(4),
107-134。
高淑清(2001)。在美華人留學生太太的生活世界—詮釋與反思。本土心理學研究,16,
225-285。
高淑清(2008)。質性研究的 18 堂課。高雄︰麗文文化事業。
梁福鎮(2013)。教育行政學︰理論與實務。臺北市︰五南文化。
陳雅玲、吳佩旻、翁禎霞(2016,10 月 9 日)。創業貸款還不出成呆帳 縣市叫停。聯合 新聞網。取自︰http://udn.com/news/story/7241/2012083
溫世頌(2006)。心理學詞典。臺北市︰三民。
經濟部中小企業處(2015)。2015 中小企業白皮書。臺北市:作者。
劉常勇、莊立民、李信興(2008)。創業動態研究追蹤之理論、方法與展望。創業管理研 究,3(1),1-27。
劉常勇、溫肇東、謝如梅(2011年6月)。台灣創業現況調查與政策意涵:全球創業觀察觀 點。以口頭形式發表於2011第14屆科際整合管理研討會,東吳大學城中校區。
劉常勇、謝如梅(2006)。創業管理研究之回顧與展望:理論與模式探討。創業管理研究,
1(1),1-43。
蔡敦浩、林韶怡、利尚仁(2010)。行動導向的創業歷程︰以複雜調適系統觀點再現創業 經驗。管理學報,27(1),57-73。
戴華、甘偵蓉、鄭育萍(2010)。人文社會科學與研究倫理審查:執行研究倫理治理架構 計畫的考察與反思。人文社會科學簡訊,12 (1),10-18。
謝叔琪、吳秀照(2013)。單親婦女微型創業的困境與突破--以臺中市基督教青年會創業 脫貧方案為例。社區發展,143,173-183。
Acs, Z. J., & Amorós, J. E. (2008). Entrepreneurship and competitiveness dynamics in Latin America. Small Business Economics, 31(3), 305-322.
Adizes, I. (1988). Corporate Lifecycles. New Jersey, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Amorós, J. E., & Bosma, N. (2014). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2013 Global
Report:Fifteen years of assessing entrepreneurship across the globe. Retrieved from
https://www.spiritslovenia.si/resources/files/doc/publikacije/GEM_Global_Report_201 3.pdfAngulo-Guerrero, M. J., Pérez-Moreno, S., & Abad-Guerrero, I. M. (2017). How economic freedom affects opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship in the OECD countries.
Journal Of Business Research, 73, 30-37.
Arcs, Z. J., Arenius, P., Hay, M., & Minniti, M. (2004). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor:
2004 Executive Report.
Retrieved fromhttps://www.gemconsortium.org/report/gem-2004-global-report
Block, E. L. (1997). Life-Cycle impacts on the incremental information content of earnings and cash flow measures. Journal of Financial Statement Analysis, 4(1), 40-56.
Block, J. H., & Wagner, M. (2007). Opportunity recognition and exploitation by necessity and opportunity entrepreneurs: Empirical evidence from earnings equations. Academy of
Management Annual Meeting Proceedings, 2007(1), 1-6.
Block, J. H., Kohn, K., Miller, D., & Ullrich, K. (2015). Necessity entrepreneurship and competitive strategy. Small Business Economics, 44(1), 37-54.
Block, J., & Sandner, P. (2009). Necessity and opportunity entrepreneurs and their duration in self-employment: Evidence from German micro data. Journal of Industry, Competition
and Trade, 9(2), 117-137.
Chaganti, R. (1986). Management in women-owned enterprises.
Journal of Small Business Management, 24(4), 18-29.
Christian, H. (2015). Does the presence of a formal business plan increase formal financial support? Empirical evidence from the PSED II on the signalling and mimetic nature of formal business planning. Applied Economics Letters, 22(9), 673-678.
Davidsson, P. (2005). Paul D. Reynolds: Entrepreneurship research innovator, coordinator, and disseminator. Small Business Economics, 24(4), 351-358.
Deli, F. (2011). Opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship: Local unemployment and the small firm effect. Journal of Management Policy & Practice, 12(4), 38-57.
Dollingers, M. J. (2003). Entrepreneurship: Strategies and Resources (3th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Dubini, P., (1989). The influence of motivations and environment on business start-ups: Some hints for public policies. Journal of Business Venturing, 4(1), 11-26.
Dyer, G. W. Jr., & Wilkins, A. (1991). Better stories, not better constructs, to generate better theory: A rejoinder to Eisenhardt. Academy of Management Review, 16(3), 613-619.
Eijdenberg, E. L., & Masurel, E. (2013). Entrepreneurial motivation in a least developed country: Push factors and pull factors among MSEs in UGANDA. Journal of
Enterprising Culture, 21(1), 19-43.
Eisenhardt, K. M. (1989). Building theories from case study research. Academy of
Gartner, W. B. (1985). A conceptual framework for describing the phenomenon of new venture creation. Academy of Management Review, 10(4), 696-707.
Ghosh, B., & Kwan, W. (1996, June). An analysis of key success factors of SMEs: a
comparative study of Singapore/Malaysia and Australia/New Zealand. Paper presented
at the 41st ICSB World Conference, Stockholm, Sweden.Gilad, B., & Levine, P. (1986). A Behavioral Model of entrepreneurial supply. Journal of
Small Business Management, 24(4), 45-53.
Gillham, B. (2000). Case study research methods. New York, NY: Continuum.
Greenberger, D. B., & Sexton, D. L. (1988). An interactive model of new venture initiation.
Journal of Small Business Management, 26(3), 1-7.
Hechavarria, D. M., Matthews, C. H., & Reynolds, P. D. (2016). Does start-up financing influence start-up speed? Evidence from the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics.
Small Business Economics, 46(1), 137-167.
Herbert, T. T.(1976). Dimensions of organizational behavior. New York, NY: Collier Macmillan.
Holt, D. H. (1992). Entrepreneurship: New Venture Creation. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Hughes, K. D. (2003). Pushed or Pulled? Women’s Entry into Self-Employment and Small Business Ownership. Gender, Work & Organization, 10(4), 433-454.
Islam, S. (2012). Pull and push factors towards small entrepreneurship development in Bangladesh. Journal of Research in International Business Management, 2(3), 65-72.
Kameliia, P. (2012). Part-Time entrepreneurship and financial constraints: Evidence from the Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics. Small Business Economics, 39(2), 473-493.
Langevang, T., Namatovu, R., & Dawa, S. (2012). Beyond necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship: Motivations and aspirations of young entrepreneurs in Uganda.
International Development Planning Review, 34(4), 339-459.
Larroulet, C., & Couyoumdjian, J. P. (2009). Entrepreneurship and growth: A Latin American paradox? The Independent Review, 14(1), 81-99.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2004). What should we do about motivation theory? Six
388–403.
Margolis, D. N. (2014). By Choice and by Necessity: Entrepreneurship and Self-Employment in the Developing World. European Journal Of Development Research, 26(4), 419-436.
Masurel, E., Nijkamp, P., & Vindigni, G. (2004). Breeding places for ethnic entrepreneurs: A comparative marketing approach. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 16(1), 77–86.
Maxwell, J. A. (2004). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
McClelland, D. C. (1961). The Achieving Society. New York, NY: Van Nostrand.
Namatovu, R., Balunywa, W., Kyejjusa, S., & Dawa, S. (2010). Global Entrepreneurship
Monitor: GEM Uganda 2010 Executive Report. Kampala, Uganda: Makerere
University Business School.Orhan, M., & Scott, D. (2001). Why women enter into entrepreneurship? An explanatory model. Women in Management Review, 16(5), 232-243.
Parker, S. C., & Belghitar, Y. (2006). What Happens to nascent entrepreneurs? An econometric analysis of the PSED. Small Business Economics, 27, 81-101.
Ramos-Rodríguez, A. R., Martínez-Fierro, S., Medina-Garrido, J. A., & Ruiz-Navarro, J.
(2015). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor versus Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics: Comparing their intellectual structures. International Entrepreneurship and
Management Journal, 11(3), 571-597.
Reynolds, P. D. (2007). New firm creation in the United States: A PSED I Overview.
Foundations and Trends in Entrepreneurship, 3(1), 1-150.
Reynolds, P. D. (2011). Informal and early formal financial support in the business creation process: Exploration with PSED II data set. Journal of Small Business Management,
49(1), 21-54.
Reynolds, P. D., & Curtin, R. T. (2008). Business Creation in the United States: Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics II Initial Assessment. Foundations and Trends in
Entrepreneurship, 4(3), 155-307.
Reynolds, P. D., Camp, S. M., Bygrave, W. D., Autio, E., & Hay, E. (2001). Global
Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2001 Executive Report. Kansas City, MO: Kauffman Center
for Entrepreneurial Leadership.Reynolds, P. D., Carter, N. M., Gartner, W. B., & Greene, P. G. (2004). The Prevalence of
Entrepreneurial Dynamics. Small Business Economics, 23(4), 263-284.
Reynolds, P., Bosma, N., Autio, E., Hunt, S., De Bono, N., & Servais, I. (2005). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: Data collection design and implementation 1998–2003.
Small Business Economics, 24(3), 205–231.
Robichaud, Y., LeBrasseur, R., & Nagarajan, K. V. (2010). Necessity and opportunity-driven entrepreneurs in CANADA: An investigation into their characteristics and an appraisal of the role of gender. Journal of Applied Business and Economics, 11(1), 59-80.
Ruane, M., & Claret, M. (2010). Nene and her businesses: Entrepreneurship by necessity.
International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 14, 75-80.
Rubach, M. J., Bradley, D., & Kluck, N. (2015). Necessity entrepreneurship: A Latin American study. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 19, 126-139.
Runka, J. C., & Young, J. E. (1987). A venture capital model of the development process for new ventures. Journal of Business Venturing, 2(2), 167-184.
Sahasranamam, S., & Sud, M. (2016). Opportunity and necessity entrepreneurship: A comparative study of India and China. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 22(1), 21-40.
Sardy, M., & Alon, I. (2004). Exploring the differences between franchisee entrepreneurs and nascent entrepreneurs. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 3(4), 403-418.
Schjoedt, L., & Shaver, K. G. (2007). Deciding on an entrepreneurial career: A test of the pull and push hypotheses using the panel study of entrepreneurial dynamics data1.
Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(5), 733-752.
Schramm, W. (1971). Notes on case studies of instructional media projects. Stanford University Instruction for Communication Research Report, California. Retrieved from http://eric.ed.gov/PDFS/ED092145.pdf
Seidman, I. E. (1998). Interviewing as qualitative research:A guide for researchers in
education and social sciences. New York, NY: Teachers College Press.
Serviere, L. (2010). Forced to entrepreneurship: Modeling the factors behind necessity entrepreneurship. Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, 22(1), 37-53.
Shane, S., Locke, E. A., & Collins, C. J. (2003). Entrepreneurial motivation. Human Resource
Management Review, 13, 257-279.
Van Manen, M.(1997). Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive
pedagogy. New York, NY: Routledge
Van Stel A., Carree, M., & Thurik, R. (2005). The effect of entrepreneurial activity on national economic growth. Small Business Economics, 24(3), 311-321.
Wong, P. K., Ho, Y. P., & Autio, E. (2005). Entrepreneurship, innovation and economic growth: Evidence from GEM data. Small Business Economics, 24(3), 335-350.
Yin, R. K. (1994). Case study research: Design and methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.