• 沒有找到結果。

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第六章 結論

總而言之,本研究認為各分項指標對於主觀平衡度的預測力是不盡相同的,

比起前四個對稱狀況的分項平衡性指標,後四項內外對稱的分項平衡性指標的預 測力均很低。因此,與 Wilson 與 Chatterjee (2005)所發展出的八項對稱指標平均 相較,四項軸對稱指標平均及重心偏離度更能預測主觀平衡度。然而,在沒有預 測美感偏好度之最佳指標的情況下,八項對稱指標平均對於美感偏好度的預測力 仍是最高的。本研究結果亦指出,不同的明暗對比分布確實會影響主觀平衡度,

故在考慮灰階權重後所修正的算則,對於主觀平衡度的預測力更高。此外,重心 偏離度是考慮灰階後的最佳客觀平衡度指標。

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(C) b 組圖像在八種分項平衡性指標的分布情形。

垂直 水平 左上右 下對角

左下右 上對角

內外 垂直

內外 水平

內外 左上右 下對角

內外 左下右 上對角

0~0.1 39 36 37 37 19 32 42 30 0.1~0.2 19 26 23 20 24 18 26 21 0.2~0.3 14 13 21 11 16 16 11 17 0.3~0.4 9 11 2 8 12 9 8 11

0.4~0.5 4 3 5 8 3 4 5 4

0.5~0.6 21 13 12 18 22 21 15 21 0.6~0.7 16 16 16 17 22 19 18 22 0.7~0.8 9 13 13 10 16 12 8 7

0.8~0.9 7 6 6 8 3 6 3 2

0.9~1.0 2 3 5 3 3 3 4 5

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附註:1.以上每一個橫列代表一個候選模型,各直行底下的 1 代表該直行的解釋變數 有出現在某個橫列的候選模型中,0 則表示沒有出現。

2.各項逐步迴歸分析法的最佳模型以黃色標註之。

法 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.82 41.02 9.00 -439.96

逐 次 替 換 法

1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.42 136.80 627.79 -142.15 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.71 68.97 181.68 -328.26 3 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0.76 57.02 104.70 -375.92 4 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0.82 42.05 7.81 -455.55 5 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0.82 41.29 4.80 -455.01 6 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0.82 41.13 5.74 -450.47 7 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0.82 41.02 7.04 -445.56 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.82 41.02 9.00 -439.96

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附錄 D:實驗一截距與斜率(即迴歸係數)的差異顯著性考驗結果

(A) 正負客觀性平衡指標的線性迴歸模型中截距的差異顯著性考驗結果。

截距差異 估計標準誤

(std.error)

t 值 (t-value)

p 值 (p-value)

垂直對稱 0.19 0.14 1.42 0.16 水平對稱 0.00 0.15 0.01 0.99 左上右下對角 0.09 0.14 0.63 0.53 左下右上對角 0.01 0.14 0.07 0.95

(B) 正負客觀性平衡指標的線性迴歸模型中斜率(即迴歸係數)的差異顯著 性考驗結果。

斜率 (迴歸係數) 差異

估計標準誤 (std.error)

t 值 (t-value)

p 值 (p-value)

垂直對稱 0.04 0.29 0.13 0.90 水平對稱 0.07 0.31 0.21 0.83 左上右下對角 0.09 0.31 0.28 0.78 左下右上對角 0.32 0.30 1.05 0.30

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附錄 E:實驗二兩個作業之間的相關係數

附註:以紅色標註的是相關係數分布中極端低的值。

編號(甲組) 相關係數 編號(乙組) 相關係數

1

0.19

2 0.51

3 0.42 4

0.18

5 0.52 6 0.34

7 0.35 8 0.41

9 0.71 10 0.30

11 0.58 12 0.36 13 0.63 14 0.36 15 0.34 16 0.44 17 0.38 18 0.45 19 0.39 20 0.48 21 0.50 22 0.39 23 0.44 24 0.64

25

0.11

26 0.45

27 0.34 28

0.19

29 0.30 30

0.13

31 0.58 32 0.37 33 0.81 34 0.47

35

0.07

36 0.41

37 0.65 38 0.83 39 0.79 40 0.83 平均 0.45 平均 0.43

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附註:1.以上每一個橫列代表一個候選模型,各直行底下的 1 代表該直行的解釋變數 有出現在某個橫列的候選模型中,0 則表示沒有出現。

2.各項逐步迴歸分析法的最佳模型以黃色標註之。

模 型 法

6 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.50 15.90 6.47 -43.56 7 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.50 15.80 7.84 -39.64 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.50 15.70 9.00 -35.95

逐 次 替 換 法

1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0.15 28.70 70.60 -7.72 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0.27 24.20 46.56 -20.11 3 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0.40 19.80 23.36 -35.26 4 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0.47 17.30 10.83 -44.11 5 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0.49 16.40 7.18 -45.28 6 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.50 15.90 6.47 -43.56 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0.48 16.30 10.95 -36.31 8 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0.50 15.70 9.00 -35.95

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附錄 H:實驗二灰階知覺作業分析之結果

參與者編號 灰階值 96 灰階值 176 參與者編號 灰階值 96 灰階值 176

1 3.4 3.2 16 2.2 5

2 3.6 4.2 17 2.6 4.4

3 2.6 2.4 18 3 4

4 3.2 2.6 19 2.6 2.6

5 7.2 3.2 20 5 5

6 5.6 5 21 3.2 4.6

7 3.4 1 22 5.6 7.2

8 2.8 6.2 23 4.8 6.2

9 2 3.2 24 2.2 3.2

10 3.4 3.2 25 5.8 9.6

11 3.2 3.4 26 4.6 5

12 6.6 7.4 27 1.8 2.6

13 2.6 3.6 28 2.2 5

14 4.6 3.8 29 2.6 2.6

15 3.6 4.2 30 5 5

附註:表中數字為每次判斷結果與標準刺激之灰階值差異的絕對值平均數。

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附錄 J:實驗三各種距離指標之事後比較

(A) 實驗三之水平距離指標的事後比較(杜凱氏 HSD 法)。

0 48 64 96 144 176 208 240

=0.31 = 0.39 = 0.46 = 0.48 = 0.58 = 0.64 = 0.72 = 0.80

0 = 0.31 - 0.08 0.14** 0.17** 0.27** 0.33** 0.41** 0.48**

48 = 0.39 - 0.06 0.09 0.18** 0.25** 0.33** 0.40**

64 = 0.46 - 0.03 0.12** 0.18** 0.27** 0.34**

96 = 0.48 - 0.09** 0.16** 0.24** 0.31**

144 = 0.58 - 0.06 0.14** 0.22**

176 = 0.64 - 0.08 0.16**

208 = 0.72 - 0.07

240 = 0.80

灰階值

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(B) 實驗三之垂直距離指標的事後比較(杜凱氏 HSD 法)。

0 48 64 96 144 176 208 240

= 0.31 = 0.43 = 0.47 = 0.54 = 0.60 = 0.65 = 0.75 = 0.80

0 = 0.31 - 0.12 0.16** 0.23** 0.29** 0.34** 0.44** 0.49**

48 = 0.43 - 0.04 0.11 0.17** 0.22** 0.32** 0.37**

64 = 0.47 - 0.07 0.13 0.18** 0.28** 0.33**

96 = 0.54 - 0.06 0.11 0.21** 0.26**

144 = 0.60 - 0.05 0.15 0.20**

176 = 0.65 - 0.10 0.15

208 = 0.75 - 0.05

240 = 0.80

(C) 實驗三之統合距離指標的事後比較(杜凱氏 HSD 法)。

0 48 64 96 144 176 208 240

=0.25 =0.38 = 0.42 = 0.48 = 0.56 = 0.62 = 0.71 = 0.79

0 = 0.25 - 0.12** 0.16** 0.23** 0.31** 0.37** 0.46** 0.53**

48 = 0.38 - 0.04 0.11** 0.19** 0.25** 0.33** 0.41**

64 = 0.42 - 0.06 0.15** 0.21** 0.29** 0.37**

96 = 0.48 - 0.08** 0.14** 0.23** 0.31**

144 = 0.56 - 0.06 0.15** 0.23**

176 = 0.62 - 0.09** 0.16**

208 = 0.71 - 0.08**

240 = 0.79

灰階值

灰階值