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第六章 結論
由於過去研究一致指出 HFASD 及 ODD 的高共病率，且均存在顯著的執行功能缺 損及社交困難，而同時共病 HFASD 及 ODD 的兒童有明顯更多的行為問題及功能缺損，
亦為家長及老師帶來更顯著的教養壓力；因此，為瞭解此二種障礙之間的共病關係及可 能相似的致病機制，本研究同時比較 HFASD、ODD、同時共病 HFASD 及 ODD、一般 發展男童等四組受試男童之執行功能及社會功能表現，藉以探討 HFASD 及 ODD 男童 的表現異同，並進一步探究這兩種障礙中執行功能與社會功能之間的關係。
結果顯示，兩種障礙在執行功能的表現上有顯著差異（HFASD 男童未存在明顯執 行功能缺損，ODD 男童則存在有顯著的認知彈性及抑制控制困難），而同時共病 HFASD 及 ODD 的男童則呈現出獨特的執行功能表現型態（只有在抑制控制上有較明顯的困難）；
在社會功能的層次上，同時共病 HFASD 及 ODD 的男童在社交互動行為及社會適應功 能上確實存在更廣泛且顯著的困難；HFASD 及 ODD 兩種障礙在認知功能及社會功能之 間的相關亦存在顯著差異（HFASD 的社會功能表現可能與計劃能力較相關，ODD 的社 會功能表現可能與抑制控制能力較相關），而同時共病 HFASD 及 ODD 男童的認知功能 及社會功能之間，則呈現與只患有單一障礙的男童有顯著不同的相關關係。此外，在兩 種障礙中，不同層面的社會功能可能與不同因素（如：執行功能、症狀嚴重度）有關。
總結而言，本研究結果支持 HFASD 及 ODD 為彼此獨立不同但高度相關的兩種障 礙，同時共病兩種障礙可能造成在行為層次中更廣泛且嚴重的社會功能缺損，顯著影響 其社會互動品質及社會適應情形，而執行功能可能並非區辨或影響兩種障礙共病之核心 機制，未來宜納入更全面之病理因素進行探討。
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