漢語系接尾詞「的」之一研究―與外來語詞根結合之派生詞為主― = 漢語系接尾辞「的」についての一考察　―外来語語基との結合を中心に―

全文

(1)‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒร 22 ཚ 2011 ‫ ڣ‬12 ִΔ଄ 205-228 2011-10-30 ‫گ‬ᒚΔ2011-11-26 ຏመ‫࿆ע‬. ᅖᇮ‫ق‬௦‫׏‬ມȶ‫ޠ‬ȷϟΚः‫ف‬ ᇅ ѵ ‫ ٿ‬ᇮ ມ ਴ ๗ Ӭ ϟ ࣃ Ң ມ ࣐ л ࣥᐝ‫*ܩ‬. ኴ૞ ኲ ۟ ‫ ؾ‬ছ ੡ ַ Δ‫ ڶ‬ᣂ ዧ ፿ ൷ ‫ဲ ݠ‬ψ ऱ ωհ ઔ ߒ Օ ‫ ׌ ڍ‬૞ ਢ ൶ ಘ [ዧ ፿ +ऱ ]ী ኪΰ ‫ڕ‬ψ ᪖ อ ऱ ω࿛ αऱ ੔ ‫ ဲ س‬Δྥ ۖ २ ࠐ ‫ڕ‬ψ 坬垫坺垟 ऱ ω հᣊऱψऱωፖ؆ࠐ፿ࢬ࿨‫ٽ‬հ੔‫ဲس‬፿ࠏՈլ֟Ζ‫ڼڂ‬Δ‫ء‬ᒧᓵ֮ ‫ ׌‬૞ ‫ א‬ຍ ࠄ ᄅ ‫ س‬ऱ [؆ ࠐ ፿ Ѐ ऱ ]ী ኪ ऱ ੔ ‫ ဲ س‬੡ ઔ ߒ ኙ ွ Δ ៶ ‫ ֺ ط‬ለ ኙ ᅃ ႚ อ ࡐ ‫ ڶ‬ऱ [ዧ ፿ Ѐ ऱ ]੔ ‫ဲ س‬Δ൶ ಘ ։ ࣫ [؆ ࠐ ፿ Ѐ ऱ ]ী ኪ ऱ ੔ ‫س‬ ဲࠡ፿რ‫ش‬ऄ֗ዌဲֱ૿ऱ௽ᐛΖ ຘ መ ‫ ء‬ᒧ ᓵ ֮ ऱ ։ ࣫ΔԱ ᇞ ࠩ [؆ ࠐ ፿ +ऱ ]ী ኪ ऱ ੔ ‫ ဲ س‬ፖ ႚ อ ऱ [ዧ ፿ +ऱ ]੔ ‫ ဲ س‬ઌ ‫ ٵ‬Δ ‫ ׌‬૞ ਢ ႃ խ ࣍ [㺉 ࢤ ૻ ࡳ ‫ ش‬ऄ ]‫ ֺ[ ֗ א‬㹡 ‫ش‬ ऄ ]Δ ྥ ۖ Ո ᒔ ᎁ Ա ࢬ ᘯ ऱ ᄅ ‫ ش‬ऄ Ё [㺉 ࢤ ေ 㧗 ‫ ش‬ऄ ]ᒔ ኔ ດ ዬ ‫ ګ‬੡ ԫ ౳ ‫ش‬ऄऱ᝟ႨΖۖᣂ࣍؆ࠐ፿ဲ௅ऱዌဲࢤᔆΔ‫ء‬ᒧᓵ֮ൕ঴ဲΕ፿რ ᒤ ᡱ ֗ ፿ რ ऱ ေ Ꮭ ࢤ ࿛ Կ ଡ ᨠ រ ࠐ ։ ࣫ ΔԱ ᇞ ࠩΚ[؆ ࠐ ፿ +ऱ ]੔ ‫ဲ س‬ ፖ ႚ อ ऱ [ዧ ፿ +ऱ ]੔ ‫ ဲ س‬լ ‫ ٵ‬Δࠡ ؆ ࠐ ፿ ဲ ௅ ԯ ᥆ ࣍ ࡐ ‫ ဲ ټ ڶ‬Εࠠ ᧯ ᄗ࢚հဲࡺ‫ڍ‬Ιۖຍጟࢤᔆऱ؆ࠐ፿ဲ௅‫ڇ‬ፖ൷‫ဲݠ‬ψऱω࿨‫ٽ‬ழΔ ᄎᆖመࢼွ֏࡮ᄗ࢚֏ऱመ࿓Δࠌ൓፿რփ୲ᑓᒫᚼਡ֏Δ‫א‬ଥ堸࡮ ૻ ࡳ Εֺ ໧ Εေ Ꮭ ৵ ൷ ऱ ‫ ဲ ټ‬Ζۖ ‫ ڼ‬ԫ [؆ ࠐ ፿ +ऱ ]੔ ‫ ဲ س‬հ ௽ ᐛ Δ ࠡ હ৵ਢ‫ڂ‬੡෼‫ֲז‬Գ‫ڇ‬ፖԳᄮຏழᆖൄආ࠷ࡡഠᎅऄऱኪ৫ ΰ euphemismα ࢬ ી Ζ. ᣂ᝶ဲΚ൷‫ဲݠ‬Εဲ௅Ε؆ࠐ፿Ε੔‫ဲس‬Εࡡഠᎅऄ *. ‫؀‬᨜Օᖂֲ‫ء‬፿֮ᖂߓ೫ඒ඄.

(2) 206 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. An analysis of Kango suffixψ TEKIω ѧ mainly about the derivatives combining with loanword baseѧ Lin, Huei-chun *. Abstract So far, examinations of kango suffix Ϙ TEKI” have been mostly about “Kango+TEKI”,such as “DENTOU TEKI”.However, the examples of ”TEKI” combining with loanword such as “KARISUMA TEKI” are getting more recently. In this article, the “Loanword+TEKI” derivatives which is considered newly than the “Kango+TEKI” derivatives will be discussed; further, the characters of its semantic usages and word formation will be illuminated by comparing with the. “Kango+TEKI”. derivatives. By this article, the “Loanword+TEKI” derivatives are the same as the “Kango+TEKI” derivatives for they are mostly the attribute limited usages and metaphorical usages. However, it can be identified that the so-called new usage, attribute limited usage ,is getting more and more common in general usages. In addition, the word formation of loanword base is analyzed by three viewpoints: part of speech, semantic category, and the evaluation of meaning. Then, we found that “Loanword+TEKI” is different to the traditional “Kango+TEKI”, and the loanword base which shows a proper noun or a concrete idea is more. Further, when the loanword base combines with “TEKI”, it goes through a process of abstraction, summarization, and makes the meaning vague, ambiguous to give it a similitude, modify, restrict and evaluate the follow-up word. *. Associate Professor of the Department of Japanese Language and Literature, National Taiwan University.

(3) ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆207. Behind the characters of loanword base derivatives lies the euphemism, which is a way that modern Japanese take when communicating with others.. Keywords: suffix, base, loanword, derivative, euphemism.

(4) 208 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆ ࣥᐝ‫*ܩ‬. ⷐᣦ ṽ ⺆ ♽ ធ የ ㄉ‫ ߦޠ ⊛ ޟ‬㑐 ߔ ࠆ ⎇ ⓥ ߪ ੹ ߹ ߢ ߪ‫ ޟ‬વ ⛔ ⊛ ‫[ ߚ ߞ ޿ ߣޠ‬ṽ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]᭴ ㅧ ߩ ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ࠍ ਛ ᔃ ߦ ⴕ ࠊ ࠇ ߡ ߈ ߚ ߩ ߇ ᄙ ߆ ߞ ߚ ߇ ‫ ᦨ ޔ‬ㄭ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ޔߦ߁ࠃߩߤߥޠ⊛ࡑࠬ࡝ࠞޟ߫߃଀ޔߪޠ⊛ޟ‬ᄖ᧪⺆ߥߤߣ߽⋓ ࠎ ߦ ⚿ ว ߔ ࠆ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߚ ‫ ᧄޕ‬Ⓜ ߢ ߪ ‫ ࠅ ࠃޔ‬ᣂ ߒ ޿ ߣ ᕁ ࠊ ࠇ ࠆ ‫[ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]᭴ ㅧ ߩ ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ࠍ ข ࠅ ਄ ߍ ‫ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ߩ [ṽ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ Ყ セ ߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᗧ๧↪ᴺ਄‫⺆ޔ‬᭴ᚑ਄ߥߤߩ․ᓽࠍ⸃᣿ߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᧄ Ⓜ ߩ ⠨ ኤ ࠍ ㅢ ߒ ߡ ‫[ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߪ ᓥ ᧪ ߩ [ṽ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ߣ ห ߓ ߊ ‫ޔ‬ਥ ߦ [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ 㓸 ਛ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ߇ ‫ࠆ ࠁ ࠊ ޿ޔ‬ ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߩ [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]߽ ⏕ ߆ ߦ ቯ ⌕ ߒ ߟ ߟ ޽ ࠆ ௑ ะ ߇ ⏕ ⹺ ߢ ߈ ߚ ‫ޕ‬ ߘࠇ߆ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߩ⺆᭴ᚑ⊛ߥᕈ⾰ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ຠ⹖ᕈߣᗧ๧ ಽ㊁‫⺆ޔ‬ᒵ⊛ᗧ๧ߩ⹏ଔᕈߣ޿߁ਃߟߩⷰὐ߆ࠄಽᨆߔࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ ߩ [ṽ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ ㆑ ߞ ߡ ‫ ޔ‬࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ߣ ౕ ૕ ⊛ ߥ ᭎ ᔨ ߿ ߽ ߩ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ⺆߇ᄙ޿ߣ޿߁ߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩߘޔߡߒߘޕ‬ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮ ߪ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ⚿ ߣޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ว ߔ ࠆ ߦ ᒰ ߚ ࠅ ‫ޔ‬᛽ ⽎ ൻ࡮᭎ ⇛ ൻ ߣ ޿ ߁ ࡊ ࡠ ࠮ ࠬ ࠍ ⚻ ߡ‫⃻⴫ޔ‬ౝኈࠍ߷߿߆ߒߚࠅ޽޿߹޿ൻߒߚࠅߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᓟ⛯⺆ࠍ Ყ༙‫ୃߪߚ߹ޔ‬㘼࡮㒢ቯ‫⹏ޔ‬ଔߔࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆࠊߌߛ‫ߣޔ‬᣿ࠄ߆ߦ ߢ ߈ ߚ ‫[ ߩ ߎޕ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ․ ᓽ ߩ ⢛ ᓟ ߦ ‫ ⃻ޔ‬ઍ ᣣ ᧄ ੱ ߩ ࡙ ࡯ࡈࠚࡒ࠭ࡓᔒะߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩߒᣇ߇௛޿ߡ޿ࠆߣ⠨߃ ࠄࠇࠃ߁‫ޕ‬. ࠠ࡯ࡢ࡯࠼㧦ធየㄉ‫⺆ޔ‬ၮ‫ޔ‬ᄖ᧪⺆‫ޔ‬ᵷ↢⺆‫ࡓ࠭ࡒࠚࡈ࡯࡙ޔ‬. *. บḧᄢቇᣣᧄ⺆ᢥቇ⑼೽ᢎ᝼.

(5) ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆209. ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆ ࣥᐝ‫ܩ‬. ৻‫ߦ߼ߓߪޔ‬ ᣣ ᧄ ⺆ ߩ‫ ߁ ޿ ߣޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ṽ ⺆ ♽ ធ የ ㄉ ߪ ‫ޔ‬ర ᧪ ਛ ࿖ ⺆ ߆ ࠄ ୫ ↪ ߐ ࠇ 1 ‫ޔ‬ ߘߩᓟᣣᧄ⺆ߣߒߡ⁛⥄ߩᗧ๧↪ᴺ߇ዷ㐿ߒߡ߈ߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫੹ޕ‬ ߹ ߢ ߪ ߎ ߩ ធ የ ㄉ ‫ ߦ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬㑐 ߔ ࠆ ⎇ ⓥ ߪ ‫ ޟޔ‬࿖ 㓙 ⊛ ‫ ⥄ ޟޠ‬ਥ ⊛ ‫ߤ ߥ ޠ‬ ߩࠃ߁ߥṽ⺆⺆ၮߣ⚿วߔࠆᵷ↢⺆ࠍਛᔃߦߥߐࠇߡ᧪ߚߩ߇ᱴߤ ߢ޽ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ ߣߎࠈ߇‫ޔ‬ㄭᐕᣣᧄ⺆ߪᄖ᧪⺆ߩᄢ㊂૶↪߇⋡┙ߟࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ‫ޔ‬ ⃻ઍᣣᧄੱߩ⸒⺆↢ᵴߪᄖ᧪⺆ࠍᛮ߈ߦߒߡߪ༡߼ߥ޿ߋࠄ޿ߣ޿ ߁ߩ߇⃻⁁ߢ޽ࠅ‫ߩߎޔ‬ㅧ⺆ജߩ㜞޿ធየㄉ‫ޔ߽ޠ⊛ޟ‬ṽ⺆⺆ၮߣ ‫ ޟ‬෻ ࠗ ࠬ ࡜ ࡓ ⊛ ‫ࠃ ߩ ߤ ߥޠ‬ ߩ ⚿ ว ߦ ᱛ ߹ ࠄ ߕ ‫ޠ ⊛ ࡑ ࠬ ࡝ ࠞ ޟ߫ ߃ ଀ޔ‬ ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ᄖ᧪⺆߿ᷙ⒳⺆ߥߤߣ⚿วߔࠆߥߤߣ‫ࠅࠃޔ‬ᵴ⊒ߥㅧ⺆᭽⋧ ࠍ ⷗ ߖ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬᡿ ߦ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ࠍޠ ⊛ ޟ‬฽ ߻ ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ᣂ ߒ ޿ ⎇ ⓥ ߇ ⷐ ᳞ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ޿ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬ᓥߞߡ‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜߢߪᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣ‫߮⚿߇ޠ⊛ޟ‬ઃߊ ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ࠍ ข ࠅ ਄ ߍ ‫ ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ߩ [ṽ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ Ყ セ ߒ ߥ ߇ ࠄ ‫ࠅ ࠃ ޔ‬ ᣂ ߒ ޿ ߣ ᕁ ࠊ ࠇ ࠆ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆ +⊛ ]ߣ ޿ ߁ ⺆ ᭴ ㅧ ࠍ ߽ ߟ ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ⺆ ᭴ ᚑ ߹ߚᗧ๧↪ᴺߥߤߩ․ᓽࠍ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬. ੑ‫ޔ‬వⴕ⎇ⓥ‫ޔ‬⠨ኤᣇᴺ෸߮⋡⊛ ṽ ⺆ ♽ ធ የ ㄉ‫ ߩ ߡ ޿ ߟ ߦޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ᓥ ᧪ ߩ ⎇ ⓥ ߪ ‫ ߩ ߘޔ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ⺆ ၮ ‫ޔ‬ ߘߒߡ‫ࠍޠ⊛ޟ‬฽߻ᵷ↢⺆ߩᗧ๧↪ᴺ‫ߣޔ‬ᄢ߈ߊੑߟߩౝኈߦಽߌ ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߹ߕ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ⎇ ⓥ ߪ ਥ ߦ ‫ޔ‬㆙ ⮮㧔 1984㧕‫ޔ‬. 1. ේ㧔 1986㧕ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ߣ ‫ޔ‬ᳯ ᚭ ᧃ ᦼ 㗃 ߦ ‫ޔ‬ਛ ࿖ ߩ ଶ ⺆ ᢥ ቇ ߩ ᓇ 㗀㧔 ଀ ߃ ߫‫ ޟ‬ᵆ ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ 㧔 ᵆ ᫔ 㧕㧕 ߇ ޽ ߞ ߚ ࠅ ‫ ⪇ ⧷ ޡޔ‬ሼ ౖ ‫ ࠍ ⺆ ⸶ ߩ ޢ‬ㅢ ߒ ߡ ਛ ࿖ ⺆ ߩ ᓇ 㗀 ࠍ ฃ ߌ ߚ ࠅ ߒߚߣផ᷹ߐࠇࠆ‫ޕ߁⸒ߣޔ‬.

(6) 210 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999㧕 ߣ ₺ 㧔 2000㧕 ߇ ᜼ ߍ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ߇ ‫ ޔ‬㆙ ⮮ 㧔 1984㧕 ߦ ߪ ‫ ޔ‬ṽ ⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วߣหߓߊ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߪޠ ⊛ ޟ‬᛽ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ ᗧ ๧ ߩ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߣ ⚿ ว ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ߣ ㅀ ߴ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ 2 ‫ ޔ ߇ ࠈ ߎ ߣ ޕ‬ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999 㧕 ߦ ߪ ‫ ޔ‬㨬 ⊛ 㨭 ߩ೨ធߔࠆ⺆ၮߩᗧ๧ಽ㊁ߩಽᏓ߆ࠄߒߡ‫ޔ‬ṽ⺆⺆ၮߣߘߩઁߩ๺ ⺆࡮ᄖ᧪⺆࡮ᷙ⒳⺆⺆ၮߣߩ㑆ߦ㆑޿߇⷗ࠄࠇ‫ޔ‬ṽ⺆⺆ၮߦߪ‫ޟ‬᛽ ⽎⊛㑐ଥ‫߇ޠ‬ᄙ޿ߩߦኻߒ‫⺆ߩઁߩߘޔ‬ၮߦߪࠃࠅౕ૕⊛ߥ᭎ᔨ߿ ᜰ ␜ ‛ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ⺆ ߇ ᧪ ࠆ ௑ ะ ߇ ޽ ࠆ ߣ ⸒ ߁ 3 ‫ ₺ ޔ ߡ ߒ ߘ ޕ‬㧔 2000㧕 ߽ ‫ޔ‬ ‫߮⚿ߣޠ⊛ޟ‬ઃߊߎߣ߇⸵ߐࠇࠆᄖ᧪⺆ߪ‫ޔ‬ታ૕᭎ᔨࠍ⴫ߔฬ⹖ߦ 㒢 ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ߣ ⺰ ㅀ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ 4 ‫ ߦ ޠ ⊛ ޟޔ ߩ ࠄ ࠇ ߎ ޔ ߦ ࠆ ߔ ⷐ ޕ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߦ㑐ߔࠆ⸥ㅀߦ㘩޿㆑޿߇޽ࠆࠊߌߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓥߞߡ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ታ ⸽ ⊛ ߥ ⺆ ଀ ⺞ ᩏ ࠍ ㅢ ߒ ‫ ޔ‬ᡷ ߼ ߡ ᬌ ⸛ ߒ ⋥ ߔ ᔅⷐ߇޽ࠆࠃ߁ߦᕁࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ࠍޠ ⊛ ޟ‬฽ ߻ ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ߩ వ ⴕ ⎇ ⓥ ߦ ߪ ‫ޔ‬೨ ឝ ߒ ߚ ਃ ߟ ߩ ⺰ ⠨ ߩ ઁ ߦ ㊄ Ỉ 㧔 2005㧕 ߽ ᜼ ߍ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬ ធየㄉ‫ࠍޠ⊛ޟ‬฽߻ᵷ↢⺆ో૕ߩᗧ๧↪ᴺߪ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪↪ᴺ㧔ᧄⓂߢ ߪ‫ ޟ‬ᓥ ᧪ ↪ ᴺ ‫ ߣޠ‬๭ ߱ ߎ ߣ ߦ ߔ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬એ ਅ ߽ ห ᭽ ‫ޕ‬㧕෸ ߮ ޿ ࠊ ࠁ ࠆ ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߣ ੑ ߟ ߦ ᄢ ߈ ߊ ಽ ߌ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ߇ ‫ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ↪ ᴺ ߣ ߪ ‫ޔ ߫ ߃ ଀ޔ‬ ‫ࠬࡀࠫࡆޟ‬ ⊛ ߥ ઃ ߈ ว ޿ ‫[ ߥ ߁ ࠃ ߩޠ‬ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]‫ ߥ ⊛ ࡊ ࠗ ࡄ ޟޔ‬ᓎ ഀ ‫߁ ࠃ ߩޠ‬ ߥ [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]‫ ޟߚ ߹ޔ‬㖸 ᭉ ⊛ ᢎ 㙃 ‫ޠ‬㧔‫ ޟ‬㖸 ᭉ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ᢎ 㙃 ‫ޠ‬㧕ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߥ [㑐 ㅪ ઃ ߌ ↪ ᴺ ]߇ ฽ ߹ ࠇ ࠆ ߇ ‫ ৻ޔ‬ᣇ ‫ ࠆ ࠁ ࠊ ޿ޔ‬ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߣ ߪ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ࠫࠤࠬޟ‬ ࡘ ࡯ ࡞ ⊛ ߦ ෩ ߒ ޿ ߇ ‫[ ߥ ߁ ࠃ ߩ ߤ ߥޠ‬ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ߦ⊛ߒߚࠊޟ‬ ⸒ ޿ ߹ ߔ ߣ ‫[ ߚ ߞ ޿ ߣޠ…ޔ‬ਥ ૕ ↪ ᴺ ]ࠍ ߐ ߔ ‫ޕ‬೨ ㅀ ߒ ߚ ‫ޔ‬㆙ ⮮㧔 1984㧕 ‫ޔ‬ ጊ ਅ㧔 1999㧕ߣ ₺㧔 2000㧕ߪ ‫ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ߩ ↪ ᴺ ߩ ߺ ࠍ ಽ ᨆ ߔ ࠆ ߩ ߦ ኻ ߒ ‫ޔ‬ ㊄ Ỉ 㧔 2005㧕 ߪ ਥ ߦ ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ࠍ ⺰ ߓ ߚ ߽ ߩ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ‫ ޔ ࠅ ߹ ߟ ޕ‬వ ⴕ ⎇ ⓥ ߪᄢ૕ߘࠇߙࠇߦߟ޿ߡಽᨆߒߡ޿ࠆߛߌߦᱛ߹ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪↪ᴺߣᣂ ↪ᴺࠍ✚ว⊛ߦ⺰ߓࠆ߽ߩߪ⷗ᒰߚࠄߥ޿‫ޔߦࠇߘޕ‬ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣ ‫⚿߇ޠ⊛ޟ‬วߔࠆᵷ↢⺆߇ᓥ᧪↪ᴺ߆ᣂ↪ᴺ߆‫ޔ‬හߜᅤ૗ߥࠆᗧ๧. 2 3 4. ㆙ ⮮ 㧔 1984㧕 130 㗁 ‫ޕ‬ ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999㧕 32 㗁 ‫ޕ‬ ₺ 㧔 2000㧕 55 㗁 ‫ޕ‬.

(7) ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆211. ↪ᴺࠍ߽ߟߩ߆ߣ޿߁໧㗴ߦߟ޿ߡߪ੹߹ߢߪᱴߤ⸒෸ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ ޿‫ޕ‬ ߣ޿߁ࠊߌߢ‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜߢߪធየㄉ‫ߣޠ⊛ޟ‬ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮ߇⚿วߔࠆᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ߺ ࠍ ⠨ ኤ ߩ ኻ ⽎ ߣ ߔ ࠆ ‫ ౕޕ‬૕ ⊛ ߦ ߪ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ᦺޡ‬ᣣᣂ⡞⸥੐࠺࡯࠲ࡌ ࡯ ࠬ 2001‫ ࠅ ࠃ ޢ‬1 ᦬ ߆ ࠄ 12 ᦬ ߹ ߢ ߩ 1 ᐕ ಽ ߩ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ࠍ ᜪ ޿ ਄ ߍ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ߒ ߚ ‫ ޕ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ⇣ ߥ ࠅ ⺆ ᢙ ߪ 252 ଀ ‫ޔ‬ᢥ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ⇣ ߥ ࠅ ⺆ ᢙ ߪ 481 ଀ ෼ 㓸 ߒ ߚ ‫ޕ‬ ᧄ Ⓜ ߢ ߪ ‫ޔ ߕ ߹ޔ‬ ‫ ࠍޠ ⊛ ޟ‬฽ ߻ ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ‫ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ↪ ᴺ ෸ ߮ ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ࠍ ౣ ߮ ᬌ ⸛ ߒ ⋥ ߒ ߚ ਄ ߦ ‫ ޔ‬ណ ข ߒ ߚ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ታ ଀ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ࠍ ⺞ ߴ ‫ ߪ ࠄ ࠇ ߘޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ߩ [ṽ ⺆ +⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ ૗ ߆ ⇣ ห ߇ ޽ ࠆ ߆ ߤ ߁ ߆ ࠍ ᣿ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߔ ࠆ ‫ޔ ߅ ߥޕ‬ ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ⻉ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ 㑆 ߢ ૗ ߆ ߩ 㑐 ㅪᕈߪߥ޿ߩ߆ߣ޿ߞߚߎߣ߽‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ⎇ⓥߢߪ޽߹ࠅ⸒෸ߐࠇߡ ޿ߥ޿ߚ߼‫ߩߎޔ‬໧㗴߽૬ߖߡ⺰ㅀߒߚ޿‫ޕ‬ ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ធየㄉ‫ߦޠ⊛ޟ‬೨ធߔࠆᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߦ㑐ߒߡ‫ޔ‬ຠ⹖ᕈ‫ޔ‬ᗧ ๧ಽ㊁‫⺆ޔ‬ᒵ⊛ᗧ๧ߩ⹏ଔᕈߣ޿߁ਃߟߩⷰὐ߆ࠄߘߩ⺆᭴ᚑ⊛ߥ ᕈ⾰ߦߟ޿ߡ⠨ኤࠍⴕ߁‫ޕ‬ ߘߒߡ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ⺆ ᭴ ᚑ ⊛ ߥ ᕈ ⾰ ෸ ߮ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ޠ⊛ޟ‬ ࠍ฽߻ᵷ↢⺆ో૕ߩᗧ๧↪ᴺ߇ᅤ૗ߥࠆ㑐ࠊࠅࠍ᦭ߔࠆߩ߆ߣ޿߁ ߎߣࠍ߽‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜߩಽᨆߩⷞ㊁ߦ౉ࠇ⺰ߓߡߺߚ޿‫ޕ‬ ᧄⓂߪ਄⸥ߒߚ⎇ⓥᣇᴺߦၮߠ߈‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߦޠ ⊛ ޟ‬㑐 ߔ ࠆ వ ⴕ ⺰ ⓥ ࠍ 〯 ߹ ߃ ‫ ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ߩ [ṽ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ Ყ セ ߒ ߥ ߇ ࠄ ‫[ ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ⺆ ᭴ ᚑ ਄ ‫ޔ‬ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ਄ ߥ ߤ ߩ ․ ᓽ ࠍ ⸃ ᣿ ߒ ࠃ ߁ ߣ ߔ ࠆ ߽ ߩ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬. ਃ ‫ ޟޔ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ᧄ ▵ ߢ ߪ ‫ ࠍ ޠ ⊛ ޟޔ‬฽ ߻ ᵷ ↢ ⺆㧔 એ ਅ ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ ⇛ ߔ 㧕 ߩ ‫ޔ‬ ᓥ ᧪ ↪ ᴺ ෸ ߮ ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߦ 㑐 ߒ ߡ ‫ޔ‬వ ⴕ ⎇ ⓥ ߩ ⺰ ὐ ߩ ᢛ ℂ ࠍ ㅢ ߒ ߡ ‫[ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ߩ ᬌ ⸛ ࠍ ฽ ߼ ߥ ߇ ࠄ ‫ߓ ⺰ ߡ ߒ ⋥ ߼ ߣ ߹ޔ‬ ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ‫ޟ‬㨪⊛‫ޠ‬ᵷ↢⺆ߩ↪ᴺࠍ߹ߣ߼ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩ੖ߟߦ߹ߣ߼ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ 㧔 a㧕㧔 b㧕㧔 c㧕ߪ ᓥ ᧪ ↪ ᴺ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ߇ ‫ޔ‬㧔 d㧕㧔 e㧕߇ ޿ ࠊ ࠁ ࠆ ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߢ ޽.

(8) 212 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. ࠆ‫ޕ‬ એਅ‫ޔ‬㗅ߦㅊߞߡ⺑᣿ߒߡ޿ߊ‫ޕ‬ 㧔 a㧕 [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ] 㧔 b㧕 [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ] 㧔 c㧕 [㑐 ㅪ ઃ ߌ ↪ ᴺ ] 㧔 d㧕 [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ] 㧔 e㧕 [ਥ ૕ ↪ ᴺ ] ߹ ߕ ‫ ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ↪ ᴺ ߩ 㧔 a㧕㧔 b㧕㧔 c㧕 ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ⺰ ㅀ ߒ ࠃ ߁ ‫ޕ‬ 㧔 a㧕 [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ] ଀ ߃ ߫ ‫ ޟޔ‬ᄖ ੤ ⊛ ߥ ᡹ ൓ ‫ ⷞ ⊛ ࡯ ࠫ ࡠ ࠦ ࠛ ޟޠ‬ὐ ‫ ޟޠ‬ᗧ ࿑ ⊛ ߦ 㜞 ߼ ࠆ ‫ޠ‬ ‫ ߦ ⊛ ࡦ ࠙ ࠳ ࡊ ࠶ ࠻ ޟ‬᳿ ቯ ߔ ࠆ ‫ޔ ߪ ࠇ ߎޕ ࠆ ޽ ߢ ߤ ߥޠ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ⺆ၮ߇‫ߩޠ⊛ޟ‬ᓟ⛯ߔࠆ⺆㧔ฬ⹖߹ߚߪേ⹖㧕ࠍ㒢ቯୃ㘼ߔࠆᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ‫ޔ ࠅ ߹ ߟޕ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ᓟ ⛯ ⺆ ߦ ߪ ᭽ ‫ ߥ ޘ‬ᕈ ⾰ ߇ ฽ ߹ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ⺆ ၮ ߇ ߘ ߩ ߁ ߜ ߩ ৻ ߟ ߩ ዻ ᕈ ࠍ ข ࠅ ਄ ߍ ‫ޔ‬ᓟ ⛯ ⺆ ࠍ㒢ቯ‫ୃޔ‬㘼ߔࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫↪ߩߎޕ‬ᴺߪ‫ޟ‬㨪⊛‫ޠ‬ᵷ↢⺆ߩᦨ߽ࡐࡇ ࡘ ࡜ ࡯ ߥ ↪ ᴺ ߢ ޽ ࠅ ‫ ੹ ޔ‬࿁ ߩ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ߢ ߽ 481 ଀ ߩ ߁ ߜ ‫ ޔ‬211 ଀ 㧔 44㧑㧕 ࠍ ࡇ ࠶ ࠢ ࠕ ࠶ ࡊ ߢ ߈ ‫ ޔ‬ታ ଀ ߩ ᦨ ߽ ᄙ ߊ ‫⸒ ޔ‬ ࠊ ߫ ‫ ޟޔ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ࡊ ࡠ ࠻ ࠲ ࠗ ࡊ ⊛ ߥ ↪ ᴺ ߛ ߣ ⸒ ߃ ࠃ ߁ ‫ޕ‬ ߎ ߩ [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߇ ᢥ ߢ ᨐ ߚ ߔ ᯏ ⢻ ߪ ᄙ ᭽ ߢ ޽ ࠅ ‫ޔ‬೨ ߦ ᜼ ߍ ߚ ଀ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߥ ‫ޔ‬ㅪ ૕ ୃ 㘼 ߿ ㅪ ↪ ୃ 㘼 ߪ ߽ ߜ ࠈ ࠎ ‫ޔ‬ ‫…ޟ‬ ߇ ৻ ⥸ ⊛ ߛ ‫ޠޕ‬ ‫ ߩ ߤ ߥޠޔ ߇ ޿ ߥ ߪ ߢ ⊛ ࠕ ࡝ ࠲ ࠗ ̖ ޟ‬ᅤ ߊ ㅀ ⺆ ߣ ߒ ߡ ௛ ߊߎߣ߽޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ 㧔 b㧕 [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ] ଀ ߃ ߫ ‫ ޟޔ‬ᢎ ␲ ⊛ ሽ ࿷ ‫ ޟޠ‬ᜰ ዉ ⊛ ߥ Ἦ บ ‫ ߥ ⊛ ࡯ ࠳ ࡯ ࡝ ޟޠ‬ᓎ ഀ ‫ࠨ ޟޠ‬ ࡠ ࡦ ⊛ ߥ ႐ ᚲ ‫ ↪ ߩ ߎޕ ࠆ ޽ ߢ ߤ ߥޠ‬ᴺ ߩ ଀ ߪ ‫ޔ‬ᄢ ૕‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛㧔 ߥ 㧕㨪 ‫ޠ‬ ࠍ‫ޟ‬㨪ߩࠃ߁ߥ㨪‫ޔ߫߃଀ޕࠆ߈ߢ߇ߣߎࠆߔ࠭࡯࡟ࡈ࡜ࡄߣޠ‬ ੖᧦ဈߦ޽ߞߚᴡว㇗ߪቇ⠪߿૞ኅ‫ޔ‬ᣂ⡞⸥⠪߿ᄖ࿖ੱ߹ߢ߇ 㧔ᦺᣣᣂ⡞ ಴౉ࠅߒ⍮⊛ߥળ⹤ࠍᭉߒ߻ࠨࡠࡦ⊛ߥ႐ᚲߛߞߚ‫ޕ‬ 2001.10.11㧕 ߩਛߩ‫ߥ⊛ࡦࡠࠨޟ‬႐ᚲ‫ߥ߁ࠃߩࡦࡠࠨޟߪޠ‬႐ᚲ‫޿⸒ߣޠ‬឵߃ࠄ.

(9) ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆213. ࠇ ࠆ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ޟޔ‬೨ ធ ⺆ ၮ 㧔‫ޠ ࡦ ࡠ ࠨ ޟ‬㧕 ߪ ‫ ୃ ⵍ ޔ‬㘼 ߩ ኻ ⽎㧔‫ ޟ‬ᴡ ว ㇗ ‫ޠ‬㧕ߣ ߪ ࠗ ࠦ ࡯ ࡞ ߥ 㑐 ଥ ߢ ߪ ߥ ߊ ‫ ୃ ⵍ ߽ ߢ ߹ ߊ ޽ޔ‬㘼 ࠍ ༙ ߃ ࠆ ၮ Ḱߛߌߥߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߎߩ↪ᴺߪ‫੹ޔ‬࿁ߩ‫ޟ‬㨪⊛‫ޠ‬ᵷ↢⺆ߩታ଀⺞ᩏߦߪᢙ߇ዋߥߊߥ ߊ ‫ޔ‬167 ଀㧔 35㧑㧕ࠍ ࡇ ࠶ ࠢ ࠕ ࠶ ࡊ ߢ ߈ ߚ ‫ޕ‬೨ ㅀ ߒ ߚ [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ] ߦ ᰴ ޿ ߢ 2 ⇟ ⋡ ߦ ᄙ ޿ ↪ ᴺ ߥ ߩ ߢ ޽ ࠆ 5 ‫[ ߩ ߎ ޔ ߅ ߥ ޕ‬Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ ↪ ଀ߪᢥߦ߅޿ߡᱴߤㅪ૕ୃ㘼ߣߒߡ௛ߊߩ߇․ᓽ⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ੹ ࿁ ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ಽ ᨆ ߢ ߪ ‫ޔ‬㧔 a㧕 [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ 㧔 b㧕 [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ 㑆 ߦ㑐ㅪᕈ߇޽ࠆߣᕁࠊࠇࠆ଀߇ⷰኤߐࠇߚ‫ޕ‬ ଀߃߫‫ޔ‬ ‫⊛ࡑࠬ࡝ࠞޟ‬ሽ࿷‫ޠ‬ ‫ޠ࠻ࠬ࠾ࠕࡇ⊛ࡑࠬ࡝ࠞޟ‬ ‫⊛ࡑࠬ࡝ࠞޟ‬ ߥ ᜰ ዉ ⠪ ‫ޔ ߪ ଀ ߩ ߤ ߥޠ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ᓟ ⛯ ฬ ⹖ ߇ ߘ ߩ ೨ ធ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ‫ࠞ ޟ‬ ࡝ ࠬ ࡑ ‫ޔ ߛ ߚޔ ߇ ޿ ߥ ߪ ߢ ߩ ߽ ߩ ߘޠ‬ ‫ ߥ ߁ ࠃ ߩ ࡑ ࠬ ࡝ ࠞ ޟ‬㧺 ‫߁ ޿ ߣޠ‬ Ყ༙ߣߒߡ⴫⃻ߐࠇߚ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ‫⊛ ࡑ ࠬ ࡝ ࠞ ޟ‬㧔 ߥ 㧕㧺 ‫ ߁ ޿ ߣޠ‬Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ࠍ ߽ ߟ ↪ ଀ ߪ ੹ ࿁ ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ߢ ߪ 14 ଀ ߽ ޽ ࠅ ‫޿ ߣ ޠ ࡑ ࠬ ࡝ ࠞ ޟޔ‬ ߁ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆ ߪ ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ ೨ ធ ⺆ ၮ ߣ ߒ ߡ ࠃ ߊ ↪ ޿ ࠄࠇࠆߎߣ߇ࠊ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬Ყ༙ߩၮḰߣߒߡࠃߊ૶ࠊࠇࠆߦᓥ޿‫ޔ‬Ყ ༙ߩၮḰ߽‛੐ߩዻᕈߩࠃ߁ߥ߽ߩߣߒߡᝒ߃ࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆߣ ᕁ ࠊ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ޔ ߫ ߃ ଀ޕ‬ ‫ ⊛ ࡑ ࠬ ࡝ ࠞ ޟ‬ᜰ ዉ ⠪ ‫ޔ ᧪ ᧄޔ ߪ ଀ ߁ ޿ ߣޠ‬ᄢ ⴐ ࠍ 㝯ੌߔࠆߣ޿߁‫ޟߥ߁ࠃߩޠࡑࠬ࡝ࠞޟ‬ᜰዉ⠪‫޽ߢ⃻⴫ࠆ߃༙ࠍޠ‬ ߞ ߚ ߇ ‫ޔ‬ᐢ ߊ ૶ ↪ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ࠃ ࠅ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޟ߽ޠ ࡑ ࠬ ࡝ ࠞ ޟ‬ᜰ ዉ ⠪ ‫ ߩޠ‬ዻ ᕈ ߩ ৻ ߟ ߣ ߒ ߡ ᛠ ី ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ߥ ࠅ ‫ ోޔ ߡ ߒ ߘޔ‬૕ ߣ ߒ ߡ ߪ [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ォ ߓ ߚ ߣ ᝒ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ߽ ࠃ ߆ ࠈ ߁ ‫ޕ‬ ઁߦ‫ޔ‬ ‫ߥ⊛ࡑࠬ࡝ࠞޟ‬㔓࿐᳇‫ޠ‬ ‫ߥ⊛࠻ࡦࡔࡦࠗ࠹࠲ࡦࠛޟ‬ᚻᴺ‫ޠ‬ ‫ࠥޟ‬ ࡝ ࡜ ⊛ ข ᧚ ‫[ ߽ ߤ ߥ ޠ ✵ ⸠ ⊛ ࡯ ࡚ ࠪ ޟޠ ⹤ ߥ ⊛ ࠕ ࠾ ࡑ ޟޠ‬Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]߆ ࠄ [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ォ ߓ ߚ ↪ ଀ ߛ ߣ ⷗ ࠄ ࠇ ࠃ ߁ 6 ‫ޕ‬. 5. 6. ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999㧕 35 㗁 ߦ ߽ ‫ ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆ ߣ ‫ ⚿ ߇ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ว ߒ ߚ ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߦ ߪ ߎ ߩ [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ ↪ ଀ ߇ ᄙ ߊ ⷗ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ ߣޔ‬ㅀ ߴ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫ ੹ޕ‬࿁ ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ⚿ ᨐ ߽ ߘ ߩ ⸥ ㅀ ߣ ৻ ⥌ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫[ ߗ ߥ ޔ ߪ ߢ ޕ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߪ [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ ଀ ߇ ⋡ ┙ ߞ ߡᄙ޿ߩ߆߇໧㗴ߦߥࠆ‫ߦࠇߎޕ‬㑐ߒߡߪ╙ 5 ▵ߢᓟㅀߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߎ ߩ ‫ [ ޔ‬Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ [ ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ ߩ 㑐 ㅪ ᕈ ߪ ᓥ ᧪ ߩ ⎇ ⓥ ߢ ߪ ⸅ ࠇ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬.

(10) 214 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. 㧔 c㧕 [㑐 ㅪ ઃ ߌ ↪ ᴺ ] 7 ߎ ߩ ↪ ᴺ ߩ ଀ ߣ ߒ ߡ ‫ ޟ ߫ ߃ ଀ ޔ‬㖸 ᭉ ⊛ ᢎ 㙃 ‫ ↢ ޟޠ‬ℂ ቇ ⊛ ⎇ ⓥ ‫࡝ ޟޠ‬ ࠱࡯࠻⊛ߥ೑↪‫ޠ‬ ‫ ߦ ⊛ ࡞ ࠺ ࡕ ޟ‬ታ ᣉ ߒ ߚ ޿ ‫ ߇ ߤ ߥޠ‬᜼ ߍ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ࠇ ߎޕ‬ ࠄߩ଀ߪ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ⺆ ၮ ߣ ߘ ߩ ᓟ ⛯ ⺆ ߇ ᢥ ⣂ ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ᭽ ‫ ⶄ ߥ ޘ‬ว ㄉ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߥ 㑐 ㅪ ઃ ߌ ߢ ⚿ ߮ ઃ ߊ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ޔ ߫ ߃ ଀ޕ‬೨ ಴ ߩ ଀ ߽ ‫ޔ‬ ᰴߩࠃ߁ߦࡄ࡜ࡈ࡟࡯࠭ߔࠆߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ‫ ޟ‬㖸 ᭉ ⊛ ᢎ 㙃 ‫ ޟ ޠ‬㖸 ᭉ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ᢎ 㙃 ‫ޠ‬ ‫ ↢ ޟ‬ℂ ቇ ⊛ ⎇ ⓥ ‫ ↢ ޟ ޠ‬ℂ ቇ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ⎇ ⓥ ‫ ޠ‬8 ‫ ߥ ⊛ ࠻ ࡯ ࠱ ࡝ ޟ‬೑ ↪ ‫ ߩ ߡ ߒ ߣ ࠻ ࡯ ࠱ ࡝ ޟ ޠ‬೑ ↪ ‫ޠ‬ ‫ ߦ ⊛ ࡞ ࠺ ࡕ ޟ‬ታ ᣉ ߒ ߚ ޿ ‫ ߡ ߒ ߣ ࡞ ࠺ ࡕ ޟ ޠ‬ታ ᣉ ߒ ߚ ޿ ‫ޠ‬ ੹࿁ߩ‫ޟ‬㨪⊛‫ޠ‬ᵷ↢⺆ߩ⺞ᩏߢߪߎߩ↪ᴺߩ↪଀ߪߐ߶ߤᄙߊߥ ߊ‫ߩߎޔ‬ὐ߆ࠄ⠨߃ࠆߦ‫ޕࠆ޽ߢ߁ࠃ޿ߥߪߢ⊛↥↢ߤ߶ࠇߘޔ‬ ߥ ߅ ‫[ ߩ ߎ ޔ‬㑐 ㅪ ઃ ߌ ↪ ᴺ ]ߪ ᢥ ߢ ߩ ௛ ߈ ߣ ߒ ߡ ‫ ޔ‬਄ ߦ ᜼ ߍ ߚ ߣ ߅ ࠅ‫ޔ‬ㅪ૕ୃ㘼߽ㅪ↪ୃ㘼ߩᯏ⢻߽ᨐߚߔߎߣ߇ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ એ ਄ ߪ ᓥ ᧪ ߩ ↪ ᴺ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ߇ ‫ ޔ‬ᰴ ߪ ‫ ࠆ ࠁ ࠊ ޿ ޔ‬ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߩ 㧔 d㧕 [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]෸ ߮ 㧔 e㧕 [ਥ ૕ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ᬌ ⸛ ߒ ࠃ ߁ ‫ޕ‬ ㊄ Ỉ㧔 2005㧕ߪ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ߩ ⺰ ⠨ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ߇ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ ᣂߒ޿↪ᴺߦߟ޿ߡ⹦ߒߊ⺰ߓࠆߩߺߥࠄߕ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᣂ↪ᴺߩᢥߦ߅ ߌ ࠆ ᢥ ᴺ ⊛ ࡮ ᗧ ๧ ⊛ ߥ ․ ᓽ ߽ ᜰ ៰ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫[ ޔ ߇ ޕ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢⺆ߦߎߩᣂߒ޿↪ᴺ߇޽ࠆ߆ߤ߁߆ߦ㑐ߒߡߪ⺰෸ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ 㧔 d㧕 [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ] 9 ଀߃߫‫ޔ‬ ‫ోޟ‬࿖⊛ߦ⃟ߒ޿᳃㑆ડᬺߩ৻ߟߢ޽ࠆ‫ޠ‬ ‫ޟ‬ᒻᑼ⊛ߦߪ㆑෻߆߽ߒࠇߥ޿߇‫ޠ‬ ‫ޠࠆࠇߐ৻⛔ߦ⊛ࡓ࠹ࠬࠪޟ‬ ‫ߪߦ⊛ࠕࠦࠬޟ‬ḩὐߢߔ‫ޠ‬ 7 8. 9. ߎ ߩ ↪ ⺆ ߪ ₺ 㧔 2005㧕 ࠍ ෳ ⠨ ߦ ߒ ߚ ߽ ߩ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬ ‫ ޟ‬㖸 ᭉ ⊛ ᢎ 㙃 ‫ ↢ ޟޠ‬ℂ ቇ ⊛ ⎇ ⓥ ‫[ ߁ ޿ ߣ ޠ‬ṽ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ߩ 2 ଀ ߪ ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999㧦 35㧕 ߆ࠄᒁ↪ߒߚ଀‫ޕ‬ ㊄ Ỉ 㧔 2005㧕 ߢ ߪ ‫ ޟ‬ዻ ᕈ ↪ ᴺ ‫ ߣ ޠ‬ฬ ߠ ߌ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ ߇ ‫ ᧄ ޔ‬Ⓜ ߢ ߪ ߹ ߕ ೨ ㅀ ߩ 㧔 a㧕 ߩ [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ ඙ ೎ ߔ ࠆ ߚ ߼ ߦ ‫ ↪ ߩ ߎ ߚ ߹ޔ‬ᴺ ߩ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ⹏ ޟ‬ଔ ‫ ߁ ޿ ߣޠ‬ᗧ ๧ ⊛ ߥ ․ ᓽ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ߚ ߼ ߦ ‫[ ޔ‬ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ ๭ ߱ ߎ ߣ ߦ ߒ ߚ ‫ޕ‬.

(11) ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆215. ߥ ߤ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ‫ ޟߩ ࠄ ࠇ ߎޕ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߪ ᄢ ૕‫ ޟ‬㨪 ߣ ߒ ߡ㧔 ߪ 㧕……‫ޠ‬ 㧔‫ ో ޟ‬࿖ ߣ ߒ ߡ 㧔 ߪ 㧕‫ ޟޠ‬ᒻ ᑼ ߣ ߒ ߡ 㧔 ߪ 㧕‫ ߡ ߒ ߣ ࡓ ࠹ ࠬ ࠪ ޟޠ‬㧔 ߪ 㧕‫ޠ‬ ‫ ߡ ߒ ߣ ࠕ ࠦ ࠬ ޟ‬㧔 ߪ 㧕‫ޠ‬㧕 ߣ ⸒ ޿ ឵ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ᅤ ߊ ‫ ޔ‬ਥ ⺆㧔 ⹤ ߒ ᚻ 㧕 ߇ ‫ߩޠ⊛ޟ‬೨ធ⺆ၮߩ⴫ߔዻᕈ㕙ߦ㑐ߒߡ⹏ଔࠍਅߔߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬㊄Ỉ 㧔 2005㧕 ߢ ߪ ‫[ ߩ ߎ ޔ‬ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߪ ‫ ޔ‬ᢥ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ߹ ߕ ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ߦ ߪ ……‫ ߁ ޿ ߣ ޠ‬ㅪ ↪ ୃ 㘼 ߩ ᒻ ߢ ᢥ 㗡 ߦ ⃻ ࠇ ࠆ ߩ ߇ ⥄ ὼߢ޽ࠅ‫ޟߡߒߘޔ‬㨪⊛‫ޠ‬ᵷ↢⺆ߩᓟߦ᧪ࠆㅀ⺆ߦߪߘߩዻᕈ㕙ߦ 㑐ߔࠆਥⷰ⊛ߥ⹏ଔౝኈ߇᧪ࠆߎߣ߇ᄙ޿‫ߣޔ‬ᜰ៰ߐࠇߡ޿ࠆ‫ߎޕ‬ ࠇߪᢿቯࠍㆱߌࠆᇑᦛߥ⴫⃻ߢ޽ࠅ‫⼂ޔ‬⠪ߩ㑆ߢߪ⹏್߇ᖡ޿ߣ⸒ ߁‫ޕ‬ ߎ ߩ ᣂ ߒ ޿ 㧔 d㧕 [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ߪ ‫ ޔ‬೨ ߩ ᓥ ᧪ ߆ ࠄ ߩ 㧔 c㧕 [㑐 ㅪ ઃ ߌ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ ㅪ ⛯ ⊛ ߛ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ ޕ‬ᰴ ߩ ଀ ࠍ ⷗ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ ޿ ‫ޕ‬ Ԙ ‫៊ߥ⊛ࠫ࡯ࡔࠗޟ‬ᄬߪᄢ߈޿‫ޠ‬ ԙ ‫ޠ̖ࠆ޿ߡૃߪߦ⊛ࠫ࡯ࡔࠗޟ‬ Ԙߪ‫ޔ‬᭽‫៊ߥޘ‬ᄬߩਛߢ‫߁޿ߣޠࠫ࡯ࡔࠗޟ‬ዻᕈ㕙ࠍขࠅ਄ߍ‫ޔ‬㒢 ቯ࡮ୃ 㘼 ߔ ࠆ ߛ ߌ ߩ ⴫ ⃻ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ‫ ৻ޕ‬ᣇ ‫ޔ‬ԙ ߪ ‫ޔ‬ਥ ⺆㧔 ⹤ ߒ ᚻ 㧕߇ ⒳ ‫ޘ‬ ߩዻᕈ㕙ߩਛ߆ࠄ‫߁޿ߣޠࠫ࡯ࡔࠗޟ‬ዻᕈࠍขࠅ਄ߍ‫ޔ‬㒢ቯߒߚ਄ ߦ ‫ ߩ ߘޔ‬ዻ ᕈ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ਥ ⺆ ߩ ਥ ⷰ ⊛ ߥ ⠨ ߃࡮⹏ ଔ ࠍ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩᓟߦઃߌട߃ࠆࠊߌߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ਔ⠪ߪ‫ޔ‬ዻᕈࠍ㒢ቯߔࠆߣ޿߁ὐߢ ߪ ౒ ㅢ ߒ ߡ ߟ ߥ ߇ ߞ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ߇ ‫ޔ‬㧔 c㧕 [㑐 ㅪ ઃ ߌ ↪ ᴺ ]ߪ ਥ ߦ ᓟ ⛯ ߔ ࠆ ฬ ⹖ ߦ ኻ ߒ ߡ ㅪ ૕ ୃ 㘼 ᯏ ⢻ ࠍ ᨐ ߚ ߔ ߩ ߦ ኻ ߒ ‫ޔ‬㧔 d㧕 [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ] ߪਥߦᓟ⛯ߔࠆᢥߦኻߒߡㅪ↪ୃ㘼ᯏ⢻ࠍᨐߚߔ‫߁޿ߣޔ‬ὐߦ߅޿ ߡ ߪ ਔ ⠪ ߩ ㆑ ޿ ߇ ⷗ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ߩ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ‫ޔ ߫ ࠊ ⸒ޕ‬ᣂ ↪ ᴺ㧔 d㧕ߪ ‫ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ↪ ᴺ 㧔 c㧕 ߆ ࠄ ᦝ ߦ ⊒ ዷ ߒ ߚ ↪ ᴺ ߛ ߣ ⸒ ߃ ࠃ ߁ ‫ޕ‬ ੹ ࿁ ߩ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ߢ ߽ ‫ ↪ ߩ ߎ ޔ‬ᴺ ߦ ዻ ߔ ࠆ ߣ ್ ᢿ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ↪ ଀ ߪ 49 ଀ ⷗ ઃ ߆ ࠅ ‫ ోޔ‬૕ ߩ 10㧑 ࠍ භ ߼ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬೨ ㅀ ߩ㧔 a㧕㧔 b㧕 ↪ ᴺ ࠃ ࠅ ߪ ዋ ߥ ޿ ߽ ߩ ߩ ‫[ ޔ‬ṽ ⺆ +⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ࠃ ࠅ Ⴧ ߃ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬ ᣢ ߦ ೨ ㅀ ߒ ߚ ߇ ‫ ޟ ߩ ߎ ޔ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫[ ߩ ޠ‬ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ߪ ᢿ ቯ ࠍ ㆱ ߌ ࠆ ᇑ ᦛ⊛ߥ⴫⃻ലᨐࠍ᦭ߒߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄੱߩ࡙࡯ࡈࠚࡒ࠭ࡓᔒะߩࠦࡒ.

(12) 216 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. ࡘ ࠾ ࠤ ࡯ ࠪ ࡚ ࡦ ߩ ߒ ᣇ 1 0 ߆ ࠄ ߒ ߡ ‫ ߩ ߎޔ‬ᣂ ߒ ޿ ↪ ᴺ ߪ ᣂ ↢ ߩ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߢ ߽ િ ߮ ߟ ߟ ޽ ࠅ ‫ ↥ ↢ ޔ‬ᕈ ࠍ ߽ ߟ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠃ ߁ ‫ޕ‬ 㧔 e㧕 [ਥ ૕ ↪ ᴺ ] ଀߃߫‫ޔ‬ ‫ޠ̖ޔߣߔ߹޿⸒ߦ⊛ߒߚࠊޟ‬ ‫ޟ‬୘ੱ⊛ߦߪ૗ߩᗵ⥝߽ࠊ߈߹ߖࠎ‫ޠ‬ ߣ޿ߞߚ଀ߩࠃ߁ߦ‫↪ߩߎޔ‬ᴺߪ‫ޔ‬ធየㄉ‫ߩޠ⊛ޟ‬೨ធ⺆ၮ߇㒢ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ߅ ࠅ ‫ ੱ ৻ ޔ‬⒓ ߩ ਥ ૕ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ฬ ⹖ ‫ ޔ‬ઍ ฬ ⹖ ߇ ᱴ ߤ ߢ ޽ ࠅ ‫ ޟޔ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ ᵷ↢⺆ߩᓟߦ৻ੱ⒓ਥ૕ߩ┙႐߿⷗ᣇࠍ⴫᣿ߔࠆᢥ߇⛯ߊߎߣ߇․ ᓽ⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᢥߢߩᒻᘒߣߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᄢ૕ᢥ㗡ߦ᧪ߡㅪ↪ୃ㘼⊛ߥᯏ ⢻ࠍᨐߚߔߩ߇ᄙ޿‫ޕ‬ ߣ ߎ ࠈ ߇ ‫ ᧄ ޔ‬Ⓜ ߩ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ታ ଀ ⺞ ᩏ ߢ ߪ ‫ ߩ ߎ ޔ‬ᣂ ↪ ᴺߩ↪଀ߪ⷗ઃ߆ࠄߥ߆ߞߚ‫ޕ‬ᣣᧄ⺆ߩ৻ੱ⒓ࠍ⴫ߔ⴫⃻ߪ๺⺆ߣ ṽ⺆ߩߺߦᱛ߹ࠆ᡿‫ޔ‬ᒰὼߩ⚿ᨐߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ એ ਄ ‫ ੹ ޔ ߪ ߢ ▵ ᧄ ޔ‬࿁ ⺞ ᩏ ߒ ߚ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ࠍ ⠨ኤߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ‫ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ↪ ᴺ ෸ ߮ ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߦ 㑐 ߒ ߡ ᬌ ⸛ ߒ ⋥ ߒ ߡ ߈ ߚ ‫ ੹ޔ ߢ ߎ ߎޕ‬࿁ ⺞ ᩏ ߒ ߚ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺߦ㑐ߔࠆ⚿ᨐࠍᰴߩ⴫ 1 ߦ␜ߔ‫ޕ‬. ⴫ 1 [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ᗧ๧↪ᴺ ዻᕈ㒢ቯ↪ᴺ Ყ༙↪ᴺ Ყ༙ψዻᕈ㒢ቯ 㑐ㅪઃߌ ዻᕈ⹏ଔ ਥ૕↪ᴺ ว⸘ ⺆ᢙ 㧑㧑㧑㧑㧑㪇㧑. ⴫ 1 ߆ ࠄ ಽ ߆ ࠆ ᅤ ߊ ‫[ ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ߪ ‫[ ޔ‬ṽ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ ห ߓ ߊ ‫[ ޔ‬ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ 㓸 ਛ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬ ߒ ߆ ߒ ‫ ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ߩ [ṽ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ ⇣ ߥ ࠆ ὐ ߣ ߒ ߡ ‫ࠆ ࠁ ࠊ ޿ ߕ ߹ ޔ‬ ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߩ [ਥ ૕ ↪ ᴺ ]߇ ߥ ޿ ߣ ޿ ߁ ߩ ߇ ᜼ ߍ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ ޔ ߚ ߹ ޕ‬ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߣ. 10. ᣣ ᧄ ੱ ߩ ࡙ ࡯ ࡈ ࠚ ࡒ ࠭ ࡓ㧔 euphemism㧕ᔒ ะ ߣ ߪ ‫ޔ‬ ‫‛ޟ‬੐ࠍߪߞ߈ࠅߣ⸒ࠊߥ ޿ߢߘߩᗧ๧ࠍᢥ⣂ߦ߹߆ߖ⸃㉼ߪฃߌᚻߩផኤߦᦼᓙߔࠆࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯ ࠪ ࡚ ࡦ ᔒ ะ ‫ ޕ ࠆ ޽ ߢ ߣ ߎ ߩ ޠ‬㒯 ౝ 㧔 2003㧕 15 㗁 ࠍ ෳ ᾖ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ޿ ‫ޕ‬.

(13) ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆217. ߐ ࠇ ࠆ [ ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]߇ ᣂ ↢ ߩ [ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߢ ή ⷞ ߢ ߈ ߥ ޿ ⒟ߩഀวࠍභ߼ߡ߅ࠅ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ↪ ᴺ ߣ ߒ ߡ ቯ ⌕ ߒ ߟ ߟ ޽ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߽ ‫ ޔ‬᣿ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߢ ߈ ߚ 11‫ޕ‬ ߥ ߅ ‫[ ߪ ߢ ▵ ᧄ ޔ‬Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ 㑐 ㅪ ᕈ ‫ ޔ‬෸ ߮ [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ] ߣ [㑐 ㅪ ઃ ߌ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ ߩ ㅪ ⛯ ᕈ ߥ ߤ ߽ ಽ ᨆ ߢ ߈ ߚ ‫ޕ‬ ᰴ ▵ ߢ ߪ ‫ޔ‬㧔 e㧕 [ਥ ૕ ↪ ᴺ ]ࠍ 㒰 ޿ ߚ 1 2 㧔 a㧕㨪㧔 d㧕 ߩ ⻉ ↪ ᴺ ࠍ ゲ ߦߒ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ⺆ ᭴ ᚑ ⊛ ߥ ᕈ ⾰ ࠍ ⺰ ߓ ߡ ޿ ߈ ߚ ޿‫ޕ‬. ྾ ‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ޟޔ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ᧄ▵ߢߪធየㄉ‫ߩޠ⊛ޟ‬೨ߦ᧪ࠆᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߦߟ޿ߡ‫ޔ‬ຠ⹖ᕈ࡮ ᗧ๧ಽ㊁࡮ᗧ๧ߩ⹏ଔᕈߣ޿߁ਃߟߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ‫⺆ߩߘޔ‬᭴ᚑ⊛ߥᕈ ⾰ࠍ⠨ኤߔࠆ‫ޕ‬ 㧔৻㧕ຠ⹖ᕈ߆ࠄ ṽ ⺆ ♽ ធ የ ㄉ‫ ޟߪ ߦޠ ⊛ ޟ‬࿖ ᳃ ⊛ ߥ 㑐 ᔃ ‫ޠ‬ ‫ ੱ ߥ ⊛ ࡞ ࠼ ࠗ ࠕ ޟ‬᳇ ‫ߥޠ‬ ߤߩࠃ߁ߦਥߦฬ⹖ߦઃ߈‫ޔ‬ฬ⹖ࠍᒻኈേ⹖ൻߔࠆᯏ⢻߇޽ࠆ‫ᦝޕ‬ ߦ ‫ޔ‬ᒻ ኈ േ ⹖ ൻ ߒ ߚ‫ ࠍޠ ⊛ ޟ‬฽ ߻ ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߇ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޟ‬ᩮ ᧄ ⊛ ߦ ᄌ ࠊ ࠆ ‫࡟ ޟ߿ޠ‬ ࠡࡘ࡜࡯⊛ߦ಴Ṷߔࠆ‫ߩ଀ߚߞ޿ߣޠ‬ᅤߊ‫ޔ‬ᢥߩਛߢㅪ↪ୃ㘼ᯏ⢻ ࠍᨐߚߔߎߣ߽ߢ߈ࠆ‫ޕ‬ᓥߞߡ‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜߦ߅޿ߡ‫ߩޠ⊛ޟ‬೨ធᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮ߽‫ޔ‬೨ធߔࠆṽ⺆⺆ၮߩ႐วߣหߓߊฬ⹖ᕈߩ߽ߩ߇ᄙ޿߆ߤ ߁߆ࠍ⺞ߴࠆߎߣߦߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ᧄⓂߩᄖ᧪⺆ߦઃߊ‫ߩޠ⊛ޟ‬ᵷ↢⺆ታ଀ߦߟ޿ߡߘߩᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮ ߩຠ⹖ᕈߩ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐࠍ␜ߔߣ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩ⴫ 2 ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬. 11. 12. ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߣ ‫ ⚿ ߇ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ว ߒ ߚ ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߪ [ṽ ⺆⺆ ၮ 㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ ห ߓ ߊ ‫ߘ ޔ‬ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ߇ ᔅ ߕ ߒ ߽ ৻ ߟ ߣ ߪ 㒢 ࠄ ߥ ޿ ‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ࡆ ࡟ ࠹ ޟޔ ߫ ߃ ଀ ޕ‬႐ ว ‫࠹ ޟޔ‬ ࡟ ࡆ ⊛ ߥ ߽ ߩ ‫[ ߪ ޠ‬Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]‫[ ߪ ޠ ࠆ ߔ ⃻ ⴫ ߦ ⊛ ࡆ ࡟ ࠹ ޟޔ‬ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]‫ߘ ޔ‬ ߒ ߡ ‫[ ߪ ޠ… ߽ ߡ ߜ ⪭ ߇ ⾰ ߪ ߦ ⊛ ࡆ ࡟ ࠹ ޟ‬ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ ޿ ߞ ߚ ᅤ ߊ ‫[ ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߽ ߘ ߩ ᓟ ⛯ ⺆ ߿ ᢥ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ᝄ ࠆ ⥰ ޿ ߥ ߤ ߦ ࠃ ࠅ ‫ޔ‬ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ߇ ᄌ ࠊߞߚࠅߔࠆߎߣ߇޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ೨ ㅀ ߒ ߚ ᅤ ߊ ‫ ↪ ߩ ߎޔ‬ᴺ ߩ ೨ ធ ⺆ ၮ ߪ ৻ ੱ ⒓ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ฬ ⹖ ‫ޔ‬ઍ ฬ ⹖ ߇ ᱴ ߤ ߢ ޽ ࠆ߇᡿‫ࠇߎޔ‬એ਄ߘߩ೨ធ⺆ၮࠍ⺰ߓࠆᔅⷐ߇ߥ޿ࠊߌߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬.

(14) 218 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. ⴫ 2 ‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ຠ ⹖ ᕈ ຠ⹖ ࿕᦭ฬ⹖ ⺆ᢙ . ฬ⹖ 㧑. േฬ⹖ 㧑. ฬ⹖࡮ᒻኈ⹖ 㧑. ᒻኈ⹖ 㧑. ធㄉ⊛ . ว⸘ 㧑. ⴫ 2 ߆ࠄ᣿ࠄ߆ߥࠃ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߽ ᓥ ᧪ ߩ ṽ ⺆⺆ၮߣหߓߊ‫ࠅߪ߿ޔ‬ฬ⹖߇ᦨ߽ᄙ޿ߣ޿߁⚿ᨐߦߥߞߚ‫ࠇߎޕ‬ ߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣᧄ⺆ߦ߅޿ߡᄖ࿖⺆ࠍ୫↪ߔࠆ㓙ߦ‫ߕ߹ߣ߭ޔ‬ฬ⹖ߣߒߡข ࠅ ౉ ࠇ ߡ ૶ ↪ ߔ ࠆ ߩ ߇ ᄙ ޿ ߣ ޿ ߁ ߎ ߣ 13ߣ 㑐 ଥ ߔ ࠆ એ ᄖ ߦ ‫ ޔ‬਄ ㅀ ߒ ߚ‫ޔ‬ฬ⹖ࠍᒻኈേ⹖ൻߔࠆធየㄉ‫ߩ᧪ᧄߩޠ⊛ޟ‬ᢥᴺᯏ⢻߆ࠄߒߡ ߽ᒰὼߥߎߣߢ޽ࠈ߁‫ޕ‬ ߚߛ‫ ⴫ޔ‬2 ߆ࠄߪ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩṽ⺆⺆ၮߣ㆑ߞߡ‫ޔ‬೨ធᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߦ ߪ ࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ߇ 17㧑 ߽ ޽ ࠆ ߣ ޿ ߁ ߎ ߣ ߇ ⷗ ฃ ߌ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ ‫ޔ ߪ ࠇ ߎޕ‬࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ߩ ଀ ߇ 0.9㧑 ߦ ߔ ߉ ߥ ޿ 1 4 ߣ ޿ ߁ ጊ ਅ㧔 1999㧕ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ߦ Ყ ߴ ࠆ ߣ ‫ޔ‬ ߆ ߥ ࠅ ․ ᓽ ⊛ ߛ ߣ ⸒ ߃ ࠃ ߁ ‫ޕ‬ታ ଀ ࠍ ᜼ ߍ ࠆ ߣ ‫ޠ ⊛ ࠞ ࡝ ࡔ ࠕ ޟ߫ ߃ ଀ޔ‬ ‫ޔ ߗ ߥ ޕ ࠆ ޽ ߇ ߤ ߥ ޠ ⊛ ࠻ ࠬ ࡝ ࠠ ޟޠ ⊛ ࡦ ࡑ ࡜ ࠻ ࡞ ࠙ ޟޠ ⊛ ࠕ ࠫ ࠕ ޟ‬ ‫߇ޠ⊛ޟ‬࿕᦭ฬ⹖ߩᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣ⚿߮ઃߊߩ߆‫ߩߘߚ߹ޔ‬ᵷ↢⺆ో ૕ߪᅤ૗ߥࠆᗧ๧․ᓽࠍ᦭ߔࠆߩ߆‫ߦߣߎߚߞ޿ߣޔ‬㑐ߒߡߪᓟߩ ╙੖▵ߢ⺰ߓߚ޿‫ޕ‬ ᰴߦ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ․ ᓽ ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ‫ޔ‬ᗧ ๧ ಽ ㊁ ߣ⺆ᒵ⊛ᗧ๧ߩ⹏ଔᕈߣ޿߁ੑߟߩ஥㕙߆ࠄ⠨ኤࠍⴕߞߡߺߚ޿‫ޕ‬ 㧔ੑ㧕ᗧ๧ಽ㊁߆ࠄ ߹ߕ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޡ‬ಽ 㘃⺆ ᒵ ⴫ ‫ ߩޢ‬ಽ 㘃 ߦ ၮ ߠ ߈ ‫ ੹ޔ‬࿁ ߩ ታ ଀ ⺞ ᩏ ߢ ᓧ ߚ 252 ୘ߩᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߩᗧ๧ಽ㊁ߦߟ޿ߡ⺞ߴߚ⚿ᨐߪᰴߩ⴫ 3 ߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬. 13. 14. ଀ ߃ ߫ ‫ ޔ‬ᄖ ࿖ ේ ⺆ ߢ ߪ േ ⹖ ߣ ⸒ ࠊ ࠇ ࠆ ⺆ (‫ ޟ‬start‫ ޟޠ‬diet‫ ߇) ߤ ߥ ޠ‬ᣣ ᧄ ⺆ ߦ ข ࠅ ౉ ࠇ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ႐ ว ‫ ߕ ߹ ߣ ߭ ޔ‬ฬ ⹖ ߩ ⺆ ᒻ ( ‫) ߤ ߥ ޠ ࠻ ࠶ ࠛ ࠗ ࠳ ޟޠ ࠻ ࡯ ࠲ ࠬ ޟ‬ ߣ ߒ ߡ ୫ ↪ ߐ ࠇ ‫ ߩ ߘ ޔ‬ᓟ ᵴ ↪ ߩ ߚ ߼ ߩ ᣣ ᧄ ⺆ ൻ ߩ ᠲ ૞ (‫ ߩ ޠ ࠆ ߔ ޟ‬ઃ ട ߥ ߤ ) ߇ⴕࠊࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ጊ ਅ (1999)29 㗁 ࠍ ෳ ᾖ ‫ ޕ‬ᒰ ⹥ ⺞ ᩏ ߩ ޿ ࠊ ࠁ ࠆ ࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ߣ ߪ ‫ ޔ‬࿾ ฬ એ ᄖ ߩ ߽ ߩ ࠍ ߐ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ߇ ‫ ⺞ ᧄ ޔ‬ᩏ ߩ ႐ ว ߪ ࿾ ฬ ߩ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ࠍ 㒰 ߊ ߦ ߒ ߡ ߽ ߹ ߛ 30 ଀ ߽ ޽ ࠅ ‫ ޔ‬12㧑 ߽ භ ߼ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬.

(15) ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆219. ⴫ 3 ‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ಽ ㊁. ᗧ๧ಽ㊁⇟ภ ߽฽߻ ߽฽߻ ว⸘ ⺆ᢙ 㧑㧑㧑㧑㧑㧑. ߘߒߡ‫ߩ߅ࠇߙࠇߘޔ‬㗄⋡ߦዻߐࠇࠆ଀ࠍਅߦ޿ߊߟ߆᜼ߍࠃ߁‫ޕ‬ ‫ ޟ‬1.1ʳ᛽ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ 㑐 ଥ ‫ޠ ⊛ ࠬ ࠞ ࡯ ࠜ ࡈ ޟޠ ⊛ ࡞ ࡏ ࡦ ࠪ ޟ ޠ‬ ‫̖ ޠ ⊛ ࡓ ࠹ ࠬ ࠪ ޟޠ ⊛ ࠴ ࠶ ࡑ ࠬ ࡒ ޟ‬ ‫ ޟ‬1.2ʳੱ 㑆 ᵴ േ ߩ ਥ ૕ ‫ޠ ⊛ ࡠ ࡊ ޟޠ ⊛ ࡞ ࠼ ࠗ ࠕ ޟ ޠ‬ ‫̖ ޠ ⊛ ࡯ ࡜ ࡘ ࠡ ࡟ ޟޠ ⊛ ࡈ ࠶ ࠲ ࠬ ޟ‬ ‫ ޟ‬1.3 ੱ 㑆 ᵴ േ ‫̖ޠ ⊛ ࡟ ࡈ ࡦ ࠗ ޟޠ ⊛ ࠬ ࡯ ࡘ ࠾ ޟޠ ⊛ ࡔ ࠾ ࠕ ޟ ޠ‬ ‫ ޟ‬1.4ʳ ↢ ↥ ‛ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ↪ ౕ ‫ޠ ⊛ ࡯ ࡅ ࡯ ࠦ ޟޠ ⊛ ࠝ ࠫ ࡜ ޟ ޠ‬ ‫ޠ⊛ࠗࠔࡈࠗࡂޟ‬ ‫̖ޠ ⊛ ࠻ ࠶ ࠦ ࠬ ࡑ ޟ‬ ‫ ޟ‬1.5ʳ ⥄ ὼ ‛ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ⥄ ὼ ⃻ ⽎ ‫ޠ ⊛ ࡞ ࠢ ࠲ ࠢ ࡍ ࠬ ޟ ޠ‬ ‫ޠ ⊛ ࠱ ࡑ࡮࠼ ࠨ ޟ‬ ‫̖ޠ ⊛ ࡞ ࡉ ࡃ ޟ‬ ‫ߩޠ⊛ޟ‬೨ធߔࠆᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮ߇ᅤ૗ߥࠆᗧ๧․ᓽࠍ᦭ߔࠆߩ߆ࠍࠃ ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ࠅ ቴ ⷰ ⊛ ߦ ᝒ ߃ ࠆ ߚ ߼ ߦ ‫ޔ ߢ ߎ ߎޔ‬ጊ ਅ㧔 1999㧕ߩ ‫ޔ‬ ߩ⺆ၮߦ㑐ߔࠆᗧ๧ಽ㊁ಽᏓߩ⺞ᩏ㧔㧑Ყ₸ߩߺ㧕ࠍਅߩ⴫ 4 ߢᒁ ↪ߒߡᲧߴߡߺࠃ߁‫ޕ‬. ⴫ 4 ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999㧕‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ⺆ ၮ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ಽ ㊁ 1 5. . ᗧ๧ಽ㊁⇟ภ ⺆ᢙ . 㧒 . . 㧒 . . . 䈠䈱ઁ . ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999㧕 ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ⚿ ᨐ ⴫ ߩ ਛ ߩ ‫ ߪ ߣ ޠ ઁ ߩ ߘ ޟ‬࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ࠍ ᜰ ߒ ߡ ߅ ࠅ ‫ ޡޔ‬ಽ 㘃⺆ ᒵ ⴫ ‫ޢ‬㧔 Ⴧ ⵬ ᡷ ⸓ 㧕 ߩ ಽ 㘃 ၮ Ḱ ߢ ߪ ‫ ޔ‬࿕ ᦭ ੱ ฬ ߪ 1.23 ߦ ‫ޔ‬࿕ ᦭ ࿾ ฬ ߪ 1.2590 ߦ ಽ 㘃 ߐ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ߇ ‫ ᧄޔ‬Ⓜ ߢ ߪ ਔ ⠪ ࠍ ฽ ߼ ߚ ࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ࠍ 1.2 ߦ ઀ ಽ ߌ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ߒ ߚ ‫ޕ‬ ⴫ 3 ߣ ⴫ 4 ࠍ Ყ セ ߒ ߡ ߺ ࠆ ߣ ‫ ౕޔ‬૕ ⊛ ⴕ ὑ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ‫ ޟ‬1.3 ੱ 㑆 ᵴ േ ‫ޠ‬ ߦ ዻ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ Ყ ₸㧔 41㧑㧕ߪ ‫ޔ‬ṽ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ߘ ࠇ㧔 45.2㧑㧕 15. ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999㧕 29 㗁 ߩ ⴫ 5‫ޕ‬.

(16) 220 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. ࠃࠅ߿߿ૐߊߥߞߡߪ޿ࠆ߽ߩߩ‫ోޔ‬૕ߩ⚂ 4 ഀߣ޿߁㜞޿Ყ₸ࠍ ␜ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫ ޟޕ‬1.3 ੱ 㑆 ᵴ േ ‫ ߦ ޠ‬ዻ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ଀ ߦ ߪ ‫଀ ޔ‬ ߃ ߫‫ޠ ⊛ ࡔ ࠾ ࠕ ޟ‬ ‫ޠ⊛ࠛ࡟ࡃޟ‬ ‫ޠ⊛ࠬ࡯ࡘ࠾ޟ‬ ‫߇ ߤ ߥޠ ⊛ ࠼ ࡯ ࠰ ࡇ ࠛ ޟ‬ ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ᧄ Ⓜ ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ⚿ ᨐ ߢ ߪ ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999㧕 ߣ ⇣ ߥ ࠆ ὐ ߣ ߒ ߡ ‫ ޟޔ ߕ ߹ ޔ‬1.1 ᛽ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ 㑐 ଥ ‫ ߦ ޠ‬ዻ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ⺆ ၮ ߦ 㑐 ߒ ߡ ߪ ‫ ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧔 14%㧕 ߇ ᓥ ᧪ ߩ 㧔 32.6%㧕 ࠃ ࠅ ᄢ ಽ ዋ ߥ ߊ ‫ ޔ‬ඨ ಽ એ ਅ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ᜼ ߍ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬ ᰴ ߦ ‫ޔ‬1.1 ߩ ⺆ ၮ ߩ ᷫ ዋ ߣ ߪ ෻ ኻ ߦ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޟ‬1.2 ੱ 㑆 ᵴ േ ߩ ਥ ૕ ‫ޔ ߁ ޿ ߣޠ‬ ࠃ ࠅ ౕ ૕ ⊛ ߥ ᭎ ᔨ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ⺆ ၮ ߪ ‫ ੹ ޔ‬࿁ ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ߢ ߩ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧔 37%㧕 ߇ ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999㧕 ߩ ᓥ ᧪ ߩ 㧔 14.1%㧕 ࠃ ࠅ ߆ ߥ ࠅ Ⴧ ߃ ‫ ޔ‬2.6 ୚ ߦ ߽ ߥ ࠆ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޟ‬1.4 ↢ ↥ ‛ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ↪ ౕ ‫ߣޠ‬ ߣ ޿ ߁ ߎ ߣ ߽ ᣿ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߚ 1 6 ‫ޔ ߚ ߹ޕ‬ ޿߁ౕ૕⊛ߥ߽ߩࠍ⴫ߔ⺆ၮߪో૕ߦ߅޿ߡߪዋߥ޿߽ߩߩ‫ޔ‬ᄖ᧪ ⺆ ߩ Ყ ₸ 㧔 5%㧕 ߇ ᓥ ᧪ ߩ 㧔 2.6%㧕 ߩ ߶ ߷ 2 ୚ ߦ ߽ ߥ ࠆ ߩ ߢ ޽ ࠆ 1 7 ‫ޕ‬ ⷐߔࠆߦ‫੹ޔ‬࿁⺞ᩏߒߚ‫ߩޠ⊛ޟ‬೨ធߔࠆᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߩᗧ๧ಽ㊁ ߩಽᏓ߆ࠄ⠨߃ࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪⎇ⓥߩਛᔃߣߥࠆṽ⺆⺆ၮߪ᛽⽎⊛ߥ᭎ ᔨࠍ⴫ߔߩ߇ᄙ޿ߩߦኻߒߡ‫ޔ‬ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߪౕ૕⊛ߥ᭎ᔨ߿߽ߩࠍ ⴫ ߔ ߩ ߇ ᄙ ޿ ‫ ․ ߁ ޿ ߣ ޔ‬ᓽ ࠍ ߟ ߌ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ߢ ߈ ߚ 18‫ޕ‬ ߣߎࠈߢ‫⚿ߣޠ⊛ޟߗߥޔ‬วߔࠆᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߪṽ⺆⺆ၮߣ㆑ߞߡ ౕ૕⊛ߥ᭎ᔨ߿߽ߩ߇ᄙ޿ߩ߆‫⥝ߩߎޔ‬๧ᷓ޿⺆᭴ᚑ⊛ߥ․ᓽߦ㑐 ߒߡߪ‫╙ޔ‬੖▵ߢᡷ߼ߡ⺰ߓߚ޿‫ޕ‬ 㧔ਃ㧕⺆ᒵ⊛ᗧ๧ߩ⹏ଔᕈ߆ࠄ ‫ߦޠ⊛ޟ‬೨ធߔࠆᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߩᗧ๧․ᓽߦߟ޿ߡ‫੹ޔ‬ᐲߪ⺆ᒵ⊛ ᗧ๧ߩ⹏ଔᕈߣ޿߁೎ߩ஥㕙߆ࠄಽᨆߒߡߺࠆߎߣߦߒࠃ߁‫ޕ‬ ේ 㧔 1986㧕 ߢ ߪ ‫ ⺆ ޔ‬ၮ ߩ ⺆ ᒵ ⊛ ᗧ ๧ ߩ ⹏ ଔ ᕈ ߇ ធ የ ㄉ ‫ߩ ߣ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ ⚿วߦ㑐ࠊࠅ߇޽ࠆߣߐࠇ‫ޔ߫߃଀ޔ‬. 16. 17. 18. ೨ ㅀ ߒ ߚ ߇ ‫ ޔ‬ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999 㧕 ߢ ߪ ࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ߪ ‫ޠ ઁ ߩ ߘ ޟ‬㧔 0.9% 㧕 ߦ ᝄ ࠅ ಽ ߌ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ ߇ ‫ ੹ ߃ ߣ ߚ ޔ‬࿁ ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ߣ ห ߓ ߊ ‫ ࠍ ࠇ ߘ ޔ‬1.2 ߦ ౉ ࠇ ࠆ ߣ ߒ ߡ ߽ ‫ ੹ ޔ‬࿁ ߩ ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮ⺞ᩏߩඨಽߦ߽߹ߛ෸߫ߥ޿‫ޕ‬ ‫ ޟ‬1.5 ⥄ ὼ ‛ ߅ ࠃ ߮ ⥄ ὼ ⃻ ⽎ ‫ ߦޠ‬ዻ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ଀ ߪ ੹ ࿁ ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ߢ ߽ ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999㧕 ߩ ࠃ ࠅ ᦝ ߦ ዋ ߥ ޿ ᡿ ‫ ߦ ࠇ ߘ ޔ‬㑐 ߔ ࠆ ⸥ ㅀ ߪ ⇛ ߔ ߎ ߣ ߦ ߒ ߚ ‫ޕ‬ ߎ ߩ ‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ޟޔ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ․ ᓽ ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ⚿ ᨐ ߪ ㆙ ⮮ 㧔 1984 㧕 ߣ ߪ ෻ ኻ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ߇ ‫ ޔ‬ጊ ਅ 㧔 1999㧕 ߣ ৻ ⥌ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬.

(17) ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆221. ‫ ޟ‬ᛕ ್ ⊛ ࠽ ᗧ ⷗ ‫ ޟ* ޠ‬ᛕ ⹏ ⊛ ࠽ ᗧ ⷗ ‫ޠ‬ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ‫ ⹏ޔ‬ଔ ߇ ࡊ ࡜ ࠬ࡮ࡑ ࠗ ࠽ ࠬ ߪ ߞ ߈ ࠅ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ߽ ߩ㧔‫ ޟ‬ᛕ ್ ‫ޠ‬㧕 ߇‫⚿ߣޠ⊛ޟ‬วߒ‫ޔ‬ዻᕈࠍ⴫ߔࠃ߁ߦォߓߡ޿ߊ߇‫⹏ޔ‬ଔߦ㑐ߒߡ ਛ ┙ ⊛ ߥ ߽ ߩ 㧔‫ ޟ‬ᛕ ⹏ ‫ޠ‬㧕 ߪ Ⓧ ᭂ ⊛ ߦ ዻ ᕈ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ↪ ᴺ ߦ ォ ߓ ߦ ߊ ޿ ‫ޔ‬ ߣ ㅀ ߴ ࠄ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ࠆ 19‫ޕ‬ ߎߩ⺰ὐ߇‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߦ ᒰ ߡ ፰ ߹ ࠆ ߆ ߤ ߁ ߆ ࠍ ᬌ ⸽ ߔ ࠆ ߚ ߼ ߦ ‫ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ⺆ ᒵ ⊛ ᗧ ๧ ߩ ⹏ ଔ ᕈ ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ⺞ ߴ ߡ ߺ ߚ ‫ޕ‬ ߘߩ⺞ᩏ⚿ᨐࠍᗧ๧↪ᴺ೎ߦ␜ߔߣ‫ޔ‬ᰴߩ⴫ 5 ߦߥࠆ‫ޕ‬. ⴫ 5 ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ೎ ߦ ߅ ߌ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ⊛ ⹏ ଔ ᕈ 2 0 㕖ਛ┙⊛ ⹏ଔᕈ ਛ┙⊛ ᗧ๧↪ᴺ೎ ࡊ࡜ࠬ⊛ ࡑࠗ࠽ࠬ⊛ ዻᕈ㒢ቯ Ყ༙ ዻᕈ㒢ቯ࡮Ყ༙ ዻᕈ㒢ቯ࡮Ყ༙࡮ዻᕈ⹏ଔ 㑐ㅪઃߌ ዻᕈ⹏ଔ . ߹ ߕ ‫[ ޔ‬ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ↪ ޿ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ⺆ ᒵ ⊛ ᗧ ๧ ߩ ⹏ ଔᕈߪ‫ޔ‬ਛ┙⊛ߥᢙ߇৻⇟ᄙߊ‫߽ߥ⊛ࠬ࠽ࠗࡑߣߩ߽ߥ⊛ࠬ࡜ࡊޔ‬ ߩ ࠍ ว ࠊ ߖ ߚ ‫ޔ‬㕖 ਛ ┙ ⊛ ߥ ᢙ ߣ ᄢ ૕ ห ߓ ߋ ࠄ ޿ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ‫ ৻ޕ‬ᣇ ߩ [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ૶ ࠊ ࠇ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߪ ‫ ߇ ߩ ߽ ߥ ⊛ ࠬ ࡜ ࡊޔ‬࿶ ୟ ⊛ ߦ ᄙ ޿ ‫ߟޕ‬ ߹ ࠅ ‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ޟޔ‬೨ ធ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ߩ ⹏ ଔ ᕈ ߆ ࠄ ߔ ࠆ ߣ ‫[ ޔ‬ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ૶ ࠊ ࠇ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߪ ․ ߦ ߎ ࠇ ߣ ޿ ߞ ߚ ஍ ࠅ ߇ ⷗ ࠄ ࠇ ߥ ޿ ߩ ߦ ኻ ߒ ‫[ ޔ‬Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ ‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ⺆ ၮ ߣ ߒ ߡ ‫߽ ߥ ⊛ ࠬ ࡜ ࡊ ޔ‬ ߩߩ߶߁߇ᅢ߹ࠇࠆ‫߁޿ߣޔ‬௑ะ߇ᝒ߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬Ყ༙ߩၮ Ḱߣߒߡࡊ࡜ࠬ⊛ߥ⺆ᒵ⊛ᗧ๧ߩ⺆߇૶ࠊࠇ߿ߔ޿‫ࠍߣߎ߁޿ߣޔ‬ 19 20. ේ 㧔 1986㧕 78 㗁 ࠍ ෳ ᾖ ‫ޕ‬ ⴫ 5 ߩਛߦ‫ޟ‬ዻᕈ㒢ቯ࡮Ყ༙‫߁޿ߣޠ‬㗄⋡߇޽ࠆ߇‫࡞ࠞޟ߫߃଀ޔߪࠇߎޔ‬ ࠻ ‫ ੱ ߥ ⊛ ࠻ ࡞ ࠞ ޟߦ ޠ‬᳇ ‫[ ߁ ޿ ߣ ޠ‬Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ ଀ ߽ ‫ ߥ ⊛ ࠻ ࡞ ࠞ ޟ ߚ ߹ ޔ‬ᤋ ↹ ‫ޠ‬ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߥ [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ ଀ ߽ ޽ ࠆ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ‫ ޔ‬ੑ ߟ ߩ ↪ ᴺ ࠍ ߽ ߟ ⺆ ၮ ߩ ߎ ߣ ࠍ ᜰ ߔ ‫ ޟޔ ߡ ߒ ߘ ޕ‬ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ࡮ Ყ ༙ ࡮ ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ‫ࠃ ߩ ޠ ࡆ ࡟ ࠹ ޟ ߫ ߃ ଀ ޔ ߪ ߣ ޠ‬ ߁ߦ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߦ ⊛ ࡆ ࡟ ࠹ ޟ‬ᝄ ࠆ ⥰ ࠊ ߥ ޿ ‫[(ޠ‬ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ])‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޟ(ޠ ߩ ߽ ߥ ⊛ ࡆ ࡟ ࠹ ޟ‬Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ‫[(ޠ… ߽ ߡ ߜ ⪭ ߇ ⾰ ߪ ߦ ⊛ ࡆ ࡟ ࠹ ޟߚ ߹ޔ)ޠ‬ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ])ߣ ޿ ߞ ߚ ‫ޔ‬ ਃߟߩ↪ᴺࠍ߽ߟ⺆ၮߩߎߣࠍᜰߔ‫ޕ‬.

(18) 222 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. ‛⺆ߞߡ޿ࠆ‫ ⴫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬5 ߩਛߩ‫ޔ‬Ყ༙ߩ↪ᴺࠍ฽߻‫ޟ‬ዻᕈ㒢ቯ࡮ Ყ ༙ ‫ ߩ ޠ‬႐ ว ߪ ᭎ ߨ [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ㄭ ޿ ௑ ะ ࠍ ⷗ ߖ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬ ߎ ߎ ߦ ↪ ଀ ࠍ ޿ ߊ ߟ ߆ ᜼ ߍ ࠃ ߁ ‫[ ޕ‬ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ૶ ࠊ ࠇ ࠆ ‫⺆ޔ‬ ᒵ ⊛ ᗧ ๧ ߇ ਛ ┙ ⊛ ߥ ߩ ⺆ ၮ ߩ ଀ ߣ ߒ ߡ‫ ⴕ ⊛ ࡦ ࡚ ࠪ ࡯ ࠤ ࠾ ࡘ ࡒ ࠦ ޟ‬ὑ ‫ޠ‬ ‫ ⊛ ࠕ ࠖ ࠺ ࡔ ޟ‬ᄢ ᄌ 㕟 ‫[ޔ ߇ ࠆ ࠇ ࠄ ⷗ ߇ ߤ ߥޠ‬Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ↪ ޿ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ޔ‬ ⺆ᒵ⊛ᗧ๧߇ࡊ࡜ࠬ⊛ߥᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߩ଀ߦߪ‫⊛ࠬ࡯ࠛޟ߫߃଀ޔ‬ሽ ‫ ߥ ⊛ ࡯ ࠳ ࡯ ࡝ ޟ‬ᓎ ഀ ‫ ߇ ߤ ߥޠ‬᜼ ߍ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬ ࿷‫ޠ‬ ‫⊛ࡦࡑ࡜࠻࡞࠙ޟ‬ᕈᩰ‫ޠ‬ ߘ ࠇ ߆ ࠄ ‫[ ޔ‬ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ૶ ࠊ ࠇ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ⺆ ᒵ ⊛ ᗧ ๧ ߩ ⹏ଔᕈࠍ⺞ߴࠆߣ‫ߡోޔ‬ਛ┙⊛ߥ߽ߩߛߣ޿߁ߎߣ߇ಽ߆ߞߚ‫ߎޕ‬ ߩ ↪ ᴺ ࠍ ߽ ߟ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ᓟ ߦ ߪ ਥ ⺆㧔 ⹤ ߒ ᚻ 㧕ߩ ┙ ႐ ߿ ⷗ ᣇ ߣ޿ߞߚ⹏ଔౝኈ߇ᓟㅀߐࠇࠆߩߢ‫‛ޔ‬੐ߩ⹏ଔၮḰߣߒߡਛ┙⊛ ߥ ᗧ ๧ ߩ ⺆ ߇ ᧪ ߿ ߔ ޿ ࠊ ߌ ߢ ޽ ࠈ ߁ ‫ ౕޕ‬૕ ⊛ ߥ ଀ ߦ ‫ޔ‬ ‫࡞࡯ࡘࠫࠤࠬޟ‬ ⊛ߦᄢᄌ෩ߒ޿‫ޠ‬ ‫ߪߦ⊛ࠕࠦࠬޟ‬ḩὐߢߔ‫ޠ‬ ‫ޠ޿ߥࠊߥ߆ߦ⊛࠻ࠬࠦޟ‬ ߥߤ߇᜼ߍࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ේ㧔 1986㧕ߪ ⹏ ଔ ߇ ࡊ ࡜ ࠬ࡮ࡑ ࠗ ࠽ ࠬ ߪ ߞ ߈ ࠅ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ߽ ߩ ߇‫ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ ߣ⚿วߒ‫ޔ‬ዻᕈࠍ⴫ߔࠃ߁ߦォߓߡ޿ߊ߇‫ޔ‬ਛ┙⊛ߥ߽ߩߪⓍᭂ⊛ ߦዻᕈࠍ⴫ߔ↪ᴺߦォߓߦߊ޿‫ߣޔ‬೨ߦ߽ㅀߴߚ߇‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜߩ⠨ኤߢ ߪ ⺆ ᒵ ⊛ ᗧ ๧ ߩ ⹏ ଔ ᕈ ߣ ޿ ߁ ⷰ ὐ ߆ ࠄ ‫ ߩ] ⊛[ ޔ‬೨ ធ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߦ ߟ ޿ߡ⺞ߴࠆߣ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ߏ ߣ ߦ ․ ᓽ ߇ ⷗ ࠄ ࠇ ߚ ‫ ޕ‬හ ߜ ‫[ ޔ‬ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ⃻ ࠇ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߦ ߪ ߎ ࠇ ߣ ޿ ߞ ߚ ஍ ࠅ ߇ ⷗ ࠄ ࠇ ߥ ޿ ߩ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ‫ ߦ ࠇ ߘ ޕ‬ኻ ߒ ‫[ ޔ‬Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߣ ߒ ߡ ࡊ ࡜ ࠬ ⊛ ߥ ߽ ߩ ߇ ᧪ ߿ ߔ ޿ ߣ ޿ ߁ ௑ ะ ߇ ᝒ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ ৻ ޕ‬ᣇ ‫[ ޔ‬ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ ↪ ޿ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߦ ߪ ਛ ┙ ⊛ ߥ ⺆ ߇ ᧪ ߿ ߔ ޿ ‫ ⸃ ߣޔ‬᣿ ߢ ߈ ߚ 21‫ޕ‬. ੖ ‫= ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ?ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ․ ᓽ ╙ ྾ ▵ ߩ ‫ޔ‬ធ የ ㄉ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ⺆ ᭴ ᚑ ⊛ ߥ ᕈ ⾰ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ⠨ ኤ ࠍ ㅢ ߒ ߡ ‫ ޔ‬ᣂ ↢ ߩ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆ +⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ ᓥ ᧪ ߩ [ṽ ⺆㧗 21. ේ 㧔 1986㧕 ߢ ߪ ‫[ ޔ‬ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ṽ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߦ ߪ ᅤ ૗ ߥ ࠆ ⹏ ଔ ᕈ ߩ ⺆ ߇ ᧪߿ߔ޿ߩ߆‫߁޿ߣޔ‬໧㗴ߪ⸒෸ߐࠇߡ޿ߥ޿‫ޕ‬.

(19) ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆223. ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ ߩ ⋧ ㆑ ὐ ߣ ߒ ߡ ‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ޟޔ ߕ ߹ ޔ‬೨ ធ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߦ ߪ ࿕ ᦭ฬ⹖߇ዋߥߊߥ޿ߎߣ‫ౕޔߡߒߘޔ‬૕⊛ߥ᭎ᔨ߿߽ߩࠍ⴫ߔ߽ߩ ߇ ᄙ ޿ ߎ ߣ ‫ ߁ ޿ ߣޔ‬ੑ ߟ ߩ ․ ᓽ ࠍ ᣿ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߢ ߈ ߚ ‫[ ߗ ߥޔ ߪ ߢ ▵ ᧄޕ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߦ ߎ ߩ ࠃ ߁ ߥ ․ ᓽ ߇ ޽ ࠆ ߩ ߆ ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ⠨ ߃ ߡ ߺ ߚ ޿‫ޕ‬ ࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ߣ ޿ ߁ ߩ ߪ ‫ ⥄ ࠇ ߘޔ‬り ߇ ౕ ૕ ⊛ ߥ ߽ ߩ ‫ ߫ ߃ ଀ޔ‬࿕ ᦭ ੱ ฬ ߩ႐วߪౕ૕⊛ߥੱ㑆ߘߩ߽ߩߢ޽ࠅ‫ޔ‬࿕᦭࿾ฬౕ߽૕⊛ߦߘߩߣ ߎࠈࠍᜰߔ‫⽎ౕߦ߆⏕ߪࠄࠇߎޕ‬ᕈࠍ߽ߟ৻ᣇ‫ޔ‬ᄢ૕ߦ߅޿ߡ‫ߘޔ‬ ࠇߥࠅߩ㗼⪺ߥ‫ޔ‬හߜ‫ߊࠃߦ⊛⥸৻ޔ‬⍮ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޔ‬᛽⽎⊛ߥᕈ⾰ࠍ᦭ ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߇ ․ ᓽ ⊛ ߛ ߣ ⠨ ߃ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ޔ ߫ ߃ ଀ޕ‬ ‫⺆ ߁ ޿ ߣޠ ࠼ ࠶ ࠙ ࡝ ࡂ ޟ‬ ߪ ‫ ޟ‬਎ ⇇ ⊛ ߥ ᤋ ↹ ߩ ㇺ ߣ ߒ ߡ ⍮ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ ޟޔ ߫ ࠊ ⸒ ޔޠ‬਎ ⇇ ⊛ ߥ ᤋ ↹ ߩ ࠪ ࡦ ࡏ ࡞ ‫ ߁ ޿ ߣޠ‬᛽ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ ․ ⾰ ߇ ޽ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬ ‫ࡔ ࠾ ࠕޔ ߽ޠ ࡦ ࡑ ࡜ ࠻ ࡞ ࠙ ޟ‬ ߩਥੱ౏ߢ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޟ‬࿾ ⃿ ࠍ ቞ ࠆ ߚ ߼ ߦ ‫ޔ‬ቝ ቮ ߆ ࠄ ᧪ ߡ ᕋ ₞ ߚ ߜ ߣ ߚ ߚ ߆ ߁ ‫ ޠ‬22‫ ޔ‬හ ߜ ‫ ޟ‬ᒝ ߊ ߡ ᱜ ⟵ ᗵ ࠍ ᜬ ߜ ‫ ࠍ ੱ ޔ‬቞ ࠆ ‫࡯ ࡔ ࠗ ߁ ޿ ߣ ޠ‬ ࠫ‫ޔ‬᛽⽎⊛ߥ․⾰ࠍ߽ߟ߽ߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߚߞ޿߁ߎޕ‬㗼⪺ߥ᛽⽎⊛․ ⾰ࠍ᦭ߔࠆ࿕᦭ฬ⹖߇ធየㄉ‫⚿ߣޠ⊛ޟ‬วߔࠆ㓙ߦ‫ߩߘޔ‬᛽⽎⊛ߥ ․⾰߇ᒁ߈಴ߐࠇ‫ߩߟ৻ޔ‬ዻᕈߣߒߡᒁ߈┙ߡࠄࠇࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆߣ ᕁ ࠊ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ ౕޔ ߫ ࠊ ⸒ޕ‬૕ ⊛ ߥ ࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ߆ ࠄ ᛽ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ ․ ⾰ ߇ ᛽ ಴ ߐ ࠇ ‫ޔ‬ හߜ᛽⽎ൻߐࠇࠆߩߢ޽ࠆ‫ߩߎޕ‬᛽⽎ൻߣ޿߁ߩߪ‫‛ޔ‬੐ߩ․⾰ࠍ ᭎⇛ൻߔࠆߎߣߣ߽⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ ߟ߹ࠅ‫⽎ౕޔ‬ᕈࠍ߽ߟੱฬ߿࿾ฬߩᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߪ‫ޔ‬ធየㄉ‫ޠ⊛ޟ‬ ߩᓟ⛯ߦࠃߞߡ‫ߩߘޔ‬ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߩ߽ߟ᛽⽎⊛ߥ․⾰߇ᒁ߈┙ߡࠄ ࠇߚ⚿ᨐ‫ߥ⊛⽎ౕޔ‬ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮ߇᛽⽎ൻߐࠇ‫ޔ‬හߜ‫ޔ‬᭎⇛ൻߐࠇࠆ ࠃ߁ߦߥࠅ‫ޔߡߒߘޔ‬ ‫ ޟ‬ᄢ ⴐ ㄫ ว ߩ ࡂ ࡝ ࠙ ࠶ ࠼ ⊛ ૞ ຠ ߥ ߩ ߆ ‫ޠ‬㧔 ᦺ ᣣ 2001.5.28㧕 ‫ ⊛ ࡦ ࡑ ࡜ ࠻ ࡞ ࠙ ޡޟ‬ᕈ ᩰ ‫ޠޕ ࠆ ޿ ߇ ੱ ߩ ޢ‬㧔 ᦺ ᣣ 2001.2.10㧕 ߣ޿ߞߚ଀ߩᅤߊ‫ޔ‬ᓟߦ᧪ࠆ⺆ߦኻߒ‫ޔ‬Ყ༙߿㒢ቯ࡮ୃ㘼ߔࠆ߽ߩ ߣ ߒ ߡ ௛ ߊ ߩ ߢ ޽ ࠆ ‫[ޔ ߇ ࠇ ߎޕ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆ +⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߦ ‫ޔ‬࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ߹ ߚ 22. ‫ߩޠࡦࡑ࡜࠻࡞࠙ޟߣޠ࠼࠶࠙࡝ࡂޟ‬ᗧ๧⸃㉼ߪ‫ޡ‬ਃ⋭ၴ ࠬ ࡯ ࡄ ࡯ᄢㄉᨋ 3.0‫ޕ ࠆ ࠃ ߦ ޢ‬.

(20) 224 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. ߪౕ૕⊛ߥ᭎ᔨ߿߽ߩࠍ⴫ߔᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣ‫⚿ࠅࠃߦޠ⊛ޟ‬วߐࠇࠆ [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߩ ଀ ߇ ᄙ ޿ ᚲ એ ߢ ޽ ࠈ ߁ ‫ޕ‬ ‫ޟ‬᭎⇛ൻ‫৻ޔߪߩ߁޿ߣޠ‬⒳ߩ‫޿߹޿޽ޟ‬ൻ‫߽ߣޠ‬⠨߃ࠄࠇࠆ‫ޕ‬ හߜ‫‛ޔ‬੐ߩ⴫ߔዻᕈߩ▸࿐ࠍᐢߍߚࠅ‫ޔ‬ౝኈࠍ߷߿߆ߒߚࠅߔࠆ ‫ ޟ‬᭎ ⇛ ൻ ‫ޔ ߪޠ‬ᢿ ቯ ࠍ ㆱ ߌ ߚ ࠅ ߔ ࠆ ല ᨐ ߽ ߽ ߚ ࠄ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ࠃ ߁ ߦ ߥ ࠅ ‫ޔ‬ ߎࠇߎߘ‫޿߹޿޽ޟ‬ൻ‫ޕࠆ߇❬ߦޠ‬ ⃻ ઍ ᣣ ᧄ ੱ ߪ ‫ ‛ޔ‬੐ ࠍ ߪ ߞ ߈ ࠅ ߣ ⸒ ࠊ ߕ ‫ ߩ ߘޔ‬ᗧ ๧ ࠍ ᢥ ⣂ ߦ ߹ ߆ ߖߚࠅ⋧ᚻߩផኤߦᦼᓙߒߚࠅߔࠆ‫ࡓ࠭ࡒࠚࡈ࡯࡙߁޿ߣޔ‬ᔒะߩ ࠦ ࡒ ࡘ ࠾ ࠤ ࡯ ࠪ ࡚ ࡦ ߩ ௑ ะ ߇ ޽ ࠆ ‫ ࠆ ޿ ߡ ࠇ ࠊ ⸒ ߣ ޔ‬23‫ ߦ ࠇ ߎ ޕ‬ᒰ ߚ ࠆធየㄉߩ⴫⃻߽ዋߥ߆ࠄߕ‫⊹ޟ߫߃଀ޔ‬⡺ߞ߸޿⸒޿ᣇ‫ޟߩޠ‬㨪 ߸ ޿ ‫ޔ ߿ޠ‬ ‫ ޟ‬ᄖ ࿖ ੱ 㘑 ߩ ↵ ‫ ޟߩޠ‬ห ቯ ផ ቯ ߩ ޽ ޿ ߹ ޿ ൻ ↪ ᴺ ‫ߔ ⴫ ࠍޠ‬ ‫ ޟ‬㨪㘑 ‫ ߇ ߤ ߥ ޠ‬᜼ ߍ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ 24‫ ᧄ ޕ‬Ⓜ ߢ ข ࠅ ਄ ߍ ߚ ‫޽ ߩ ߘ ޔ ߽ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ ޿߹޿ൻ⴫⃻ߩធየㄉߩ৻ߟߛߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬ ઁߦ଀ࠍ᜼ߍࠆߣ‫ޔ߫߃଀ޔ‬ 㧔ᦺ ‫ޟ‬ຠ⾰߇⦟ߊߡߒ߆߽቟޿࡙࠾ࠢࡠ⊛੐ᬺࠍ⋡ᜰߒߡ޿ࠆ‫ޠ‬ ᣣ 2001㧚 8.3㧕 ‫ ╙ ޟ‬2 ᭉ ┨ ߩ ᄤ ਄ ⊛ ߥ ⵝ 㘼㖸 ဳ ߿ ‫ߥ ⊛ ࡦ ࡯ ࠖ ࠙ ߩ ࡟ ࡯ ࠽ ࠖ ࡈޔ‬ ࡝ ࠭ ࡓ ߩ ំ ࠇ ߥ ߤ ‫ޠ ̖ ޔ‬㧔 ᦺ ᣣ 2001㧚 5.23㧕 ߽‫ޔ‬ ‫ ޟߩޠ ࡠ ࠢ ࠾ ࡙ ޟ‬ຠ ⾰ ߇ ⦟ ߊ ߡ ቟ ޿ ‫ ߊ ࠃޔ ߚ ߞ ޿ ߣޠ‬⍮ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ᛽ ⽎⊛ߥ․⾰‫ߩޠࡦ࡯ࠖ࠙ޟߚ߹ޔ‬㖸ᭉߩࠪࡦࡏ࡞ߣߒߡߩฬ㜞޿․ ᕈߥߤ߽‫⚿ߩߣޠ⊛ޟ‬วߦࠃࠅ᛽಴ߐࠇ‫ޔ߫ࠊ⸒ޔ‬᛽⽎ൻ࡮᭎⇛ൻ ߐࠇࠆ‫ࠇߙࠇߘޔߡߒߘޕ‬Ყ༙‫ߪߚ߹ޔ‬ዻᕈ㒢ቯߩᯏ⢻ࠍᨐߚߔࠃ ߁ߦߥࠆ‫ߣޔ‬ℂ⸃ߢ߈ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬ ࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ߩ ߺ ߥ ࠄ ߕ ‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ޟޔ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ‫ ౕ ޔ‬૕ ⊛ ߥ ᭎ ᔨ ߿ ߽ ߩ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ᥉ ㅢ ฬ ⹖ ߩ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߽ ‫ޔ‬ห ߓ ࠃ ߁ ߥ ߎ ߣ ߇ ⸒ ߃ ࠆ ‫ࠦ ޟ߫ ߃ ଀ޕ‬ ࡦ ࡆ ࠾ ⊛ ߥ ဋ ⾰ ߢ ㅘ ᣿ ߥ ႐ ᚲ ‫ ߩ ଀ ߁ ޿ ߣޠ‬ᅤ ߊ ‫ޔ‬ ‫߁ ޿ ߣޠ ࠾ ࡆ ࡦ ࠦ ޟ‬ ౕ૕⊛႐ᚲ߿᭎ᔨߥߤࠍ⴫ߔᄖ᧪⺆߇ធየㄉ‫⚿ߣޠ⊛ޟ‬วߔࠆߦᒰ. 23 24. ೨ ಴ ߩ ᵈ 11 ࠍ ෳ ᾖ ‫ޕ‬ ធ የ ㄉ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ߸ ޿ ‫ ޟߣޠ‬㨪㘑 ‫ ޿ ߹ ޿ ޽ ߩޠ‬ൻ ߦ 㑐 ߔ ࠆ ⺰ ㅀ ߪ ߘ ࠇ ߙ ࠇ ࠲ ࠴ ࠕ ࠽ 㧔 2003㧕 ߣ ᨋ 㧔 2008㧕 ࠍ ෳ ᾖ ߐ ࠇ ߚ ޿ ‫ޕ‬.

(21) ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆225. ߚ ࠅ ‫ ߊ ࠃ ߩ ߘ ޔ‬⍮ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ޔ‬㧔 ଀ ߃ ߫ ᢥ ਛ ߩ ‫ ޟ‬ဋ ⾰ ‫ ޟޠ‬ㅘ ᣿ ‫ ߩ ߤ ߥ ޠ‬㧕 ․⾰߇᛽಴ߐࠇࠆ‫ߥ⊛⽎ౕޔࠅ߹ߟޕ‬ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߪ‫ޔ‬᛽⽎⊛ߥዻᕈ ߩᒁ߈┙ߡߦࠃࠅ᛽⽎ൻ࡮᭎⇛ൻߐࠇࠆࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍ⚻ߡ‫޿߹޿޽ޔ‬ ൻലᨐࠍᏪ߮ߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᓟ⛯⺆ࠍᲧ༙‫ୃߪߚ߹ޔ‬㘼࡮㒢ቯߔࠆࠃ߁ߦ ߥ ࠆ ࠊ ߌ ߢ ޽ ࠈ ߁ ‫ ߥ ⊛ ࠬ ࠢ ࠶ ࠺ ࡦ ࠗ ޟޔ ߦ ઁ ޕ‬ᖱ ႎ ‫࠲ ࡦ ࡔ ࡘ ࠠ ࠼ ޟޠ‬ ࡝࡯⊛ᚻᴺ‫ޠ‬ ‫ ߥ ⊛ ࠣ ࡠ ࠲ ࠞ ޟ‬ᖱ ႎ ⹹ ‫ޔ ߽ ߤ ߥޠ‬᛽ ⽎ ൻ࡮᭎ ⇛ ൻ ߩ ࡊ ࡠ ࠮ࠬࠍ⚻ߚ‫ౕޔ‬૕⊛ߥ᭎ᔨࠍ⴫ߔᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣ‫⚿߇ޠ⊛ޟ‬วߒߚᵷ ↢⺆ߩ଀ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޕ‬ ৻ ᣇ ‫ ੹ޔ‬࿁ ߩ ⺞ ᩏ ߢ‫ ޟ‬1.1 ᛽ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ 㑐 ଥ ‫ ߦޠ‬ዻ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߇ 14㧑 ߩ Ყ ₸ ࠍ ᦭ ߔ ࠆ ߇ ‫ ᦨޔ ߪ ࠄ ࠇ ߎޔ‬ೋ ߆ ࠄ ᛽ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ ᭎ ᔨ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ᡿‫ޔ‬೨ㅀߒߚౕ૕⊛ߥ᭎ᔨ߿߽ߩࠍ᛽⽎ൻߔࠆࠃ߁ߥࡊࡠ࠮ࠬߪ൩ ⺰ਇⷐߢ޽ࠅ‫⋥ޔ‬ធធየㄉ‫߮⚿ߣޠ⊛ޟ‬ઃ߈‫ࠆߔ᦭߽ߘ߽ߘޔ‬᛽⽎ ⊛ߥ᭎ᔨࠍ߽ߞߡᓟ⛯⺆ࠍୃ㘼‫ޔ‬㒢ቯߒߚࠅ‫⃻⴫ޔ‬ౝኈࠍ޽޿߹޿ ൻߒߚࠅߔࠆࠊߌߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔߪࠇߎޕ‬ᓥ᧪ߩ‫ޔ‬᛽⽎⊛ߥ᭎ᔨࠍ⴫ߔ߽ ߩ ߇ ᄙ ޿ ṽ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߣ ‫ ⚿ ߇ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ว ߔ ࠆ ‫[ ޔ‬ṽ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߣ ห ߓ ᧄ ⾰ ࠍ ߽ ߟ ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߛ ߣ ⷗ ࠄ ࠇ ࠃ ߁ ‫ ⊛ ࠻ ࡯ ࡝ ࠛ ޟޔ ߡ ߒ ߣ ଀ ޕ‬ಣ ㆄ ‫࡙ ޟޠ‬ ࡯ ࠻ ࡇ ࠕ ⊛ ߦ ⾥ ⟤ ߔ ࠆ ‫ ⊛ ࡯ ࠫ ࡠ ࠦ ࠛ ޟޠ‬ㄭ ઍ ൻ ‫ ߇ ߤ ߥ ޠ‬᜼ ߍ ࠄ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ޕ‬ ₺㧔 2000㧕ߦ ߪ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ⚿ ߣޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ว ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߇ ታ ૕ ᭎ ᔨ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ฬ ⹖ ߦ㒢ࠄࠇࠆߣㅀߴߡ޽ࠆ߇‫ᧄޔ‬Ⓜߩታ଀⺞ᩏࠍㅢߒߡ‫ޔ‬ታ૕᭎ᔨએ ᄖ ߦ ᛽ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ ᭎ ᔨ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ߽ ߩ ߽ ޽ ࠆ ߣ ᣿ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߚ ‫ޠ ⊛ ޟޔ ߅ ߥ ޕ‬ ߣ⚿วߔࠆᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮ߇ߥߗታ૕᭎ᔨࠍ⴫ߔߣ޿߁․ᓽࠍ߽ߟߩ߆‫ޔ‬ ߣ ޿ ߞ ߚ ߎ ߣ ߦ 㑐 ߒ ߡ ߽ ₺ 㧔 2000㧕 ߢ ߪ ⺰ ㅀ ߐ ࠇ ߡ ޿ ߥ ޿ 2 5 ‫ޕ‬ ⷐ ߔ ࠆ ߦ ‫[ ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߪ ‫ ߩ ߘ ޔ‬ᄙ ߊ ߩ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߇ ౕ ૕ ⊛ߥ᭎ᔨ߿߽ߩࠍ⴫ߔ߇‫ޔ‬ ‫ ⚿ ߩ ߣޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ว ߦ ࠃ ߞ ߡ ߘ ߩ ᦭ ߔ ࠆ ᛽ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ․⾰߇᛽಴ߐࠇ‫ޔ‬හߜ‫ޔ‬ዻᕈߩᒁ߈┙ߡߦࠃࠆ᛽⽎ൻ࡮᭎⇛ൻߐ ࠇࠆࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍ⚻ߡ‫⃻⴫ޔ‬ౝኈ߇߷߿߆ߐࠇ‫޿߹޿޽ޔ‬ൻߐࠇߚ‫ޔ‬ ᇑᦛߥ⴫⃻ലᨐ߇Ꮺ߮ࠆࠃ߁ߦߥࠆߣ․ᓽઃߌࠄࠇࠃ߁‫ޕ‬ ᓥ ᧪ ‫ޔ‬ធ የ ㄉ‫ ߇ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬᛽ ⽎ ᐲ ߩ 㜞 ޿ ṽ ⺆ ߣ ⚿ ߮ ઃ ߈ ߿ ߔ ޿ ߣ ⸒ ࠊ ‫ ߪޠ ⊛ ޟ‬᛽ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ ⺆ ၮ ߩ ߺ ߥ ࠄ ߕ ‫⽎ ౕޔ‬ ࠇ ࠆ ߇ ‫ ⺞ ᧄޔ‬ᩏ ߦ ߅ ޿ ߡ ߪ ‫ޔ‬ 25. ₺ 㧔 2000㧕 55 㗁 ‫ޕ‬.

(22) 226 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. ᕈࠍ߽ߟᄖ᧪⺆ߣ߽߆ߥࠅ⋓ࠎߦ⚿วߔࠆߣ⷗ࠄࠇߚ‫ߩߎޔߛߚޕ‬ ႐วߪ‫ޔ‬ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߩౕ⽎ᕈࠍ᛽⽎ൻߐߖࠆߣ޿߁ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ߇ᔅⷐ ߢ޽ࠆ‫ᧄߣޔ‬Ⓜߩ⠨ኤࠍㅢߒߡ᣿ࠄ߆ߦߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ ߜ ߥ ߺ ߦ ‫ ╙ޔ‬ਃ ▵ ߢ ߪ ‫[ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߦ [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]߇ ቯ ⌕ ߒ ߟ ߟ ޽ ࠆ ߣ ㅀ ߴ ߚ ߇ ‫ ࠆ ࠁ ࠊ ޿ ߩ ߎ ޔ‬ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߩ [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ߪ ਥ⺆㧔⹤ߒᚻ㧕ߩ⥄ಽߩᗧ⷗߿⠨߃ࠍᢿቯߔࠆߩࠍㆱߌߚࠅ‫ޔ‬વ߃ ࠃ ߁ ߣ ߔ ࠆ ౝ ኈ ࠍ ޽ ޿ ߹ ޿ ൻ ߒ ߚ ࠅ ߔ ࠆ ↪ ᴺ ߢ ޽ ࠆ 26‫⃻ ޔ ߽ ࠇ ߎ ޕ‬ ઍᣣᧄੱߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦ਄ߩ࡙࡯ࡈࠚࡒ࠭ࡓᔒะߩᕈᩰ߇‫ޔ‬ ᇑ ᦛ ߥ ⴫ ⃻ ․ ᓽ ࠍ ߽ ߟ [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ࠍ ⴫ ߔ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ] ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ↢↥ᕈࠍഥ㐳ߒ‫⃻ޔ‬ઍᣣᧄ⺆ߩ⸒⺆↢ᵴߦቯ⌕ߐߖߟߟ޽ࠆ⴫ࠇߩ ৻ߟߛߣ⸒߃ࠃ߁‫ޕ‬. ౐‫ߦࠅࠊ߅ޔ‬ ᧄ Ⓜ ߢ ߪ ‫ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ޽ ߹ ࠅ ⺰ ⓥ ߐ ࠇ ߥ ߆ ߞ ߚ ‫ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߣ ṽ ⺆ ♽ ធ የㄉ‫⚿߇ޠ⊛ޟ‬วߔࠆᵷ↢⺆ࠍਛᔃߦ⠨ኤࠍⴕߞߡ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ ߹ ߕ ‫ ੹ޔ‬࿁ ෼ 㓸 ߒ ߚ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ታ ଀ ߩ ᗧ ๧ ↪ ᴺ ࠍ ಽ ᨆ ߒ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ࠍޠ⊛ޟ‬฽߻ᵷ↢⺆ߩ‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪↪ᴺߣᣂ↪ᴺࠍ૬ߖߡౣᬌ⸛ߒߚ‫⚿ޕ‬ ᨐ ߣ ߒ ߡ ‫[ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߪ ᓥ ᧪ ߩ [ṽ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ߣ ห ߓ ߊ ‫ޔ‬ਥ ߦ [ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ]ߦ 㓸 ਛ ߒ ߡ ޿ ࠆ ߽ ߩ ߩ ‫ ࠆ ࠁ ࠊ ޿ޔ‬ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߩ [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]߽ ⏕ ߆ ߦ ቯ ⌕ ߒ ߟ ߟ ޽ ࠆ ௑ ะ ߇ ⏕ ⹺ ߢ ߈ ߚ ‫ޔ ߚ ߹ ޕ‬ ߽ ߁ ৻ ߟ ߩ ᣂ ߒ ޿ ↪ ᴺ [ਥ ૕ ↪ ᴺ ] ߪ [ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ] ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߦ ߪ ሽ ࿷ ߒ ߡ ޿ ߥ ޿ ߎ ߣ ߽ ᣿ ࠄ ߆ ߦ ߥ ߞ ߚ ‫[ޔ ߅ ߥޕ‬ዻ ᕈ 㒢 ቯ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ [Ყ ༙ ↪ ᴺ ] ߩ 㑐 ㅪ ᕈ ‫[ޔ ߚ ߹ޔ‬㑐 ㅪ ઃ ߌ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ [ዻ ᕈ ⹏ ଔ ↪ ᴺ ]ߣ ߩ ㅪ ⛯ ᕈ ߥ ߤ ߽ ⺰෸ߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ߘ ࠇ ߆ ࠄ ‫ ⚿ ߣ ޠ ⊛ ޟޔ‬ว ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ⺆ ᭴ ᚑ ⊛ ߥ ᕈ ⾰ ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ‫ޔ‬ຠ⹖ᕈߣᗧ๧ಽ㊁‫⺆ޔ‬ᒵ⊛ᗧ๧ߩ⹏ଔᕈߣ޿߁ਃߟߩⷰὐ߆ࠄ ⠨ ኤ ߒ ߚ ‫ޕ‬ᓥ ᧪ ߩ ṽ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߣ ห ߓ ߊ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߽ ߿ߪࠅฬ⹖߇ᱴߤߢߪ޽ࠆ߇‫ޔ‬ṽ⺆⺆ၮߣ㆑ߞߡ‫ޔ‬࿕᦭ฬ⹖߇ዋߥ ߊߥ޿ߩ߇․ᓽ⊛ߢ޽ࠆ‫ޔ߅ߥޕ‬ṽ⺆⺆ᒵߪ᛽⽎⊛ߥ᭎ᔨࠍ⴫ߔߩ 26. ㊄ Ỉ 㧔 2005㧕 ࠍ ෳ ᾖ ‫ޕ‬.

(23) ṽ⺆♽ធየㄉ‫৻ߩߡ޿ߟߦޠ⊛ޟ‬⠨ኤ̆ᄖ᧪⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⚿วࠍਛᔃߦ̆227. ߇ ᄙ ޿ ߩ ߦ ኻ ߒ ‫ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߪ ౕ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ ߽ ߩ ߿ ᭎ ᔨ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ߩ ߇ ᄙ ޿ ‫ޔ‬ ߣ޿߁ߎߣ߽‫ޔ‬ᓥ᧪ߩṽ⺆⺆ၮߣߩ⋧㆑ὐߛ‫߆ࠇߘޕߚߞ߆ࠊߣޔ‬ ࠄ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ߔ ࠆ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߩ ⺆ ᒵ ⊛ ᗧ ๧ ߩ ⹏ ଔ ᕈ ߣ‫ ޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ᵷ ↢⺆ߩᗧ๧↪ᴺߣߩ㑐ࠊࠅ߽⺰ㅀߒߚ‫ޕ‬ ߥ ߗ‫ ߩޠ ⊛ ޟ‬೨ ធ ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߪ ࿕ ᦭ ฬ ⹖ ߇ ዋ ߥ ߊ ߥ ߊ ‫ౕޔ ߚ ߹ޔ‬ ૕⊛ߥ᭎ᔨ߿߽ߩࠍ⴫ߔ߽ߩ߇ᄙ޿ߩ߆ߣ޿߁․ᓽߦ㑐ߒߡߪ‫ޔ‬ᣣ ᧄੱߩ⴫⃻ߩߒᣇߣ㑐ࠊࠅ߇޽ࠆ‫ߣޔ‬ಽᨆࠍߒߡߺߚ‫ޕ‬࿕᦭ฬ⹖߿ ౕ ૕ ⊛ ߥ ᭎ ᔨ ‫ ߔ ⴫ ࠍ ߩ ߽ޔ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆⺆ ၮ ߪ ‫ޔ‬ ‫ ⚿ ߣޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ว ߔ ࠆ ߎ ߣ ߦ ࠃ ࠅ‫ߊࠃߩߘޔ‬⍮ࠄࠇࠆ․ᓽ࡮ዻᕈ߇᛽಴ߐࠇࠆ‫ޔ‬හߜ‫ޔ‬᛽⽎ൻ࡮᭎ ⇛ൻߣ޿߁ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬࠍ⚻ߡ‫⃻⴫ޔ‬ౝኈࠍ߷߿߆ߒߚࠅ޽޿߹޿ൻߒ ߚࠅߒߥ߇ࠄ‫ޔ‬ᓟ⛯⺆ࠍᲧ༙‫ୃߪߚ߹ޔ‬㘼࡮㒢ቯ‫⹏ޔ‬ଔߔࠆࠃ߁ߦ ߥ ࠆ ࠊ ߌ ߢ ޽ ࠈ ߁ ‫[ ߩ ߎޔ ߦ ࠆ ߔ ⷐޕ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆㧗 ⊛ ]ᵷ ↢ ⺆ ߩ ․ ᓽ ߩ ⢛ ᓟߦ‫⃻ޔ‬ઍᣣᧄੱߩ࡙࡯ࡈࠚࡒ࠭ࡓᔒะߩࠦࡒࡘ࠾ࠤ࡯࡚ࠪࡦߩߒ ᣇ߇௛޿ߡ޿ࠆ‫ߣޔ‬᣿ࠄ߆ߦߢ߈ߚ‫ޕ‬ ਄ ㅀ ߒ ߚ ㅢ ࠅ ‫ ᧄޔ‬Ⓜ ߩ ⠨ ኤ ࠍ ㅢ ߒ ߡ ‫ޔ‬ᓥ ᧪ ߩ ᛽ ⽎ ⊛ ߥ ᭎ ᔨ ࠍ ⴫ ߔ ṽ⺆⺆ၮߣ⚿วߔࠆ႐วߦᲧߴ‫ޔ‬ធየㄉ‫⽎ౕ߇ޠ⊛ޟ‬ᕈࠍ߽ߟᄖ᧪ ⺆⺆ၮߣ⚿วߔࠆ႐วߪ‫ߦᦝޔ‬᛽⽎ൻ࡮᭎⇛ൻߣ޿߁ࡊࡠ࠮ࠬ߇ᔅ ⷐ ߣ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ‫ ⸃ ࠍ ߣ ߎ ߁ ޿ ߣ ޔ‬᣿ ߒ ߚ ߇ ‫ ࠄ ߆ ࠇ ߘ ޔ‬⠨ ߃ ࠆ ߦ ‫ ޟޔ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ޠ‬ ᵷ↢⺆ߩᧄ⾰ߪ᛽⽎⊛࡮᭎⇛⊛ߥᕈᩰߦ޽ࠆߣ⸒߃ࠆߩߢߪߥ߆ࠈ ߁߆‫ޕ‬. ෳ⠨ᢥ₂ ㆙ ⮮ ❱ ᨑ 㧔 1984㧕‫ ޟ‬ធ የ ⺆ ‫ ߩ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ᗧ ๧ ߣ ↪ ᴺ ‫ ޡޠ‬ᣣ ᧄ ⺆ ᢎ ⢒ ‫ ޢ‬53‫ޔ‬ ᣣᧄ⺆ᢎ⢒ቇળ ₺ ᶻ ℙ㧔 2000㧕 ‫ ޟ‬ធ የ ㄉ‫ ߩޢ ⊛ ޡ‬ᗧ ๧ ߣ‫ ߇ޢ ⊛ ޡ‬ઃ ߊ ⺆ ၮ ߣ ߩ 㑐 ଥ ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ̆ ฬ ⹖ ୃ 㘼 ߩ ႐ ว ̆ ‫ ޡޠ‬ᣣ ᧄ ⺆ ᢎ ⢒ ‫ ޢ‬104 ₺ ᶻ ℙ 㧔 2005㧕‫ ޟ‬ធ የ ㄉ ‫ ⺆ ߩ ޢ ⊛ ̆ ޡ‬ၮ ߦ ⺖ ߐ ࠇ ࠆ ᗧ ๧ ⊛ ೙ ⚂ ‫᧲ ޡޠ‬ ‫ ܦ‬ᣣ ⺆ ᢎ ⢒ ቑ ႎ ‫ ޢ‬28 ㊄ Ỉ ⵨ ਯ 㧔 2005㧕‫ ޡޟ‬㨪 ⊛ ‫ ߩ ޢ‬ᣂ ↪ ᴺ ߦ ߟ ޿ ߡ ‫ ޡޠ‬ᣣ ᧄ ⺆ ⑼ ቇ ‫ ޢ‬17㧕 ࠤ ࠠ ࠯ ࠲ ࠴ ࠕ ࠽ 㧔 2003㧕‫ ߩ ޢ ޿ ߸ ޡޟ‬ᗧ ๧ ಽ ᨆ ‫ ޡޠ‬ᣣ ᧄ ⺆ ᢎ ⢒ ‫ ޢ‬118.

(24) 228 ‫؀‬Օֲ‫ء‬፿֮ઔߒ 22. 㒯 ౝ ᱜ ᢘ 㧔 2003㧕‫ ޟ‬ᄖ ᧪ ⺆ ߩ ⺖㗴 ߣ ዁ ᧪ ௝ ‫ ޡޠ‬ᣣ ᧄ ⺆ ቇ ‫ ޢ‬22-8‫ ޔ‬᣿ ᴦ ᦠ㒮 ේ ↱ ⿠ ሶ㧔 1986㧕 ‫ ․ ޟ‬㓸࡮ធ ㄉ ̆ ⊛ ̆ ਛ ࿖ ⺆ ߣ ߩ Ყ セ ߆ ࠄ ̆ ‫ޠ‬ ‫ޡ‬ᣣᧄ ⺆ ቇ ‫ ޢ‬5㧙 3‫ ޔ‬᣿ ᴦ ᦠ 㒮 ጊ ਅ ༑ ઍ 㧔 1999㧕‫ ޟ‬ሼ 㖸 ធ የ ㄉ ‫ ޡޠ ߡ ޿ ߟ ߦ ޠ ⊛ ޟ‬ᣣ ᧄ ⺆ ⎇ ⓥ ߣ ᣣ ᧄ ⺆ ᢎ ⢒ ᫪ ↰ ⦟ ⴕ ᢎ ᝼ ฎ ⒘ ⸥ ᔨ ⺰ ᢥ 㓸 ‫ ޔޢ‬᣿ ᴦ ᦠ 㒮 ᨋ ᘢ ำ㧔 2008㧕 ‫ ޟ‬ᣣ ᧄ ⺆࡮ਛ ࿖ ⺆ ߩ ห ᒻ ሼ 㖸 ᒻ ᘒ ⚛‫ ޡ‬㨪㘑 ‫ ߩޢ‬ᗧ ๧ ̆ ⹺ ⍮ ᗧ ๧ ⺰ ߦ ࠃ ࠆ ኻ ᾖ ಽ ᨆ ̆ ‫ ޡޠ‬บ ᄢ ᣣ ᧄ ⺆ ᢥ ⎇ ⓥ ‫ ޢ‬16. ㄉᦠ࡮⾗ᢱ ‫ ᦺ ޡ‬ᣣ ᣂ ⡞ ⸥ ੐ ࠺ ࡯ ࠲ ࡌ ࡯ ࠬ ‫ޢ‬㧔 CD-HIASK㧕 2001 ᐕ ࿖ ┙ ࿖ ⺆ ⎇ ⓥ ᚲ ✬ 㧔 2004㧕‫ ޡ‬ಽ 㘃⺆ ᒵ ⴫ Ⴧ ⵬ ᡷ ⸓ ‫ ޢ‬ᄢ ᣣ ᧄ ࿑ ᦠ. ‫ޣ‬ᵈ⸥‫ᧄޤ‬Ⓜߪ‫ޟ‬ᣣਛᢥൻ੤ᵹᐢ㗔ၞ⎇ⓥ̆ᱧผ࡮ᢥቇ࡮⸒⺆ߩᄙ ర⊛ⷞ㊁࿖㓙ࠪࡦࡐࠫ࠙ࡓ‫ޠ‬ 㧔 2010 ᐕ 10 ᦬ 7 ᣣ ‫ޔ‬ᣈ 㐳 ፒ ᄢ ቇ 㧕ߦ ߅ ߌࠆญ㗡⊒⴫ߩౝኈߦട╩ୃᱜࠍᣉߒ‫ޕࠆ޽ߢߩ߽ߚߒ⋥߼ߣ߹ޔ‬.

(25)

漢語系接尾詞「的」之一研究―與外來語詞根結合之派生詞為主― = 漢語系接尾辞「的」についての一考察 ―外来語語基との結合を中心に―

漢語系接尾詞「的」之一研究―與外來語詞根結合之派生詞為主― = 漢語系接尾辞「的」についての一考察　―外来語語基との結合を中心に―