非營利組織轉型社會企業之方案可行性分析-伊甸基金會輔具租賃服務 - 政大學術集成

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(1)୯ҥࡹ‫ݯ‬εᏢ Ҿ཰ᆅ౛ࣴ‫(܌ز‬MBAᏢՏᏢำ). ᅺγᏢՏፕЎ. 政治大 ߚᔼճಔᙃᙯࠠ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϐБਢёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫݋‬ 立. ‧ 國. 學. -Ҳ‫཮ߎ୷ث‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺ. ‧. The Project Feasibility Analysis of. y. Nat. n. al. er. io. sit. Transforming Non-profit Organization into Social Enterprise v i n Ch engchi U. - The Assistive Devices Rental Service of Eden Social Welfare Foundation. ࡰᏤ௲௤Ǻ໳‫ޚ‬ቺ റγ ࣴ‫ز‬ғǺ‫׵‬ख़ᒆ ኗ ύ๮҇୯΋႟ϖԃΎД.

(2) ᖴᇞ ццӀ഍Ǵ‫ٿ‬ԃӵఖǶӆԛय़ᖏΓғᙯ௬Ǵࢂց΋ӵࡽ۳Ǵ዗௃ǻவ৒ǻ ‫ٿ‬ԃ߻ǴϩឦӚӦǵӚᚶ‫ד‬ᜫ‫ॺ϶ܻޑ‬ǴӢ๱Ծρ‫ޑ‬ᚸᔉǵ಴ናǴҥΠ࣬ӕ ‫ޑ‬،‫ۓ‬Ǵ༊ᆫ‫ܭ‬ԜǶᏺளଆ‫ޑ‬ᅰࢂᐒ཮ǴҧόΠ‫ࣁࣣޑ‬ೢҺǹԜೀၹӦ‫׆‬ఈΨᅈ թ਋‫ש‬Ǵ΋ӵΓғᕭቹǶ ߃ԛ࣬೹Ǵคόၰ‫׌‬ᆀлǶ‫ڹ‬ό൦ჶǴఀόۚϣǴ‫܌‬ᒏৎ٣୯٣ϺΠ٣Ǵ٣. 政治大. ٣ᜢЈǶӆԛӕՃǴςӚԖࡺ٣ǴӚՉ‫ࢂځ‬ǵӚᡉઓ೯ࠅόӅ‫ڮ‬Ƕ. 立. Γғ൳ՖǴѐВधӭǴ઱઱‫ٿ‬ԃǴವ૱΋ࢂǴࠅΨӚԾԋ൩Ƕགᖴٗ٤ԋዕ. ‧ 國. 學. ‫ޑ‬ǵ࿧ც‫ޑ‬Ǵ๏ϒ‫܍ך‬Ӄ௴ࡕ‫ޑ‬ᡏ཮ǹ୲‫ޑۓ‬ǵ๓ᡂ‫ޑ‬Ǵ൚‫ޑۺߞךۓ‬؈๱ǹ੮ Π‫ޑ‬ǵᚆѐ‫ޑ‬Ǵᑃግ‫ך‬ᒧ᏷‫ޑ‬ඵችǹᠠ໹‫ޑ‬ǵᖰ຀‫ޑ‬Ǵ఼Ꭶ‫ך‬ᄊࡋ‫୍ޑ‬ჴǹචᓅ. ‧. ‫ޑ‬ǵսெ‫ޑ‬Ǵ௲Ꮴ‫ך‬གৱᆶ๏ϒǹᖴᖴٗ٤೏ᜢ‫ࢂ܈ݙ‬೏۹ౣ‫ޑ‬ǵ೏Ⴧൾ‫ࢂ܈‬೏. y. Nat. sit. ᚲང‫ޑ‬ǵቐ౲‫ڗ‬ᚲ‫ࢂ܈‬ᓨᓨહસ‫ޑ‬Ǵٗ٤ӚԾѳΥࠅ‫څ‬ମ‫ޑ‬ഉՔᆶᐟᕏǴ஥๏‫ך‬. n. al. er. io. ᝨ઱ࠅ੿ჴ‫ࡋྕޑ‬Ƕ. ਜ਼᜹ࠄ०ǴՖ݄ё٩?. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. ξόࣙଯǵੇόჇుǴࣁξΐйǴଆ‫ܭ‬ѳӦǶ. ‫׵‬ख़ᒆ ᙣᇞ‫ܭ‬ѠчѱЎξ୔ ୯ҥࡹ‫ݯ‬εᏢҾ཰ᆅ౛ࣴ‫܌ز‬ ύ๮҇୯΋ԭ႟ϖԃΖДΒВ. I.

(3) ᄔा 1970 ԃжࡕයǴҡ‫ݨ‬Ӓᐒ‫ޑ‬ᛈวᏤठӚ୯ࡹ۬ᅽճႣᆉ‫ޑ‬ε൯ᕭጓǴ҇౲ Ψჹߚᔼճಔᙃ‫ޑ‬ᔼၮਏ౗ᆶิ୍੝៾ౢғ፦ᅪǶ٬চаࡹ۬Ⴃᆉ‫܈‬ਈීࣁЬा ၗߎٰྍ‫ߚޑ‬ᔼճಔᙃ‫׳‬уරӛѱ൑ϯว৖Ƕՠࢂѱ൑ϯ‫ޑ‬ว৖Бӛ٠ߚӵԜ৒ ܰǴѠ᡼Ӧ୔ߚᔼճಔᙃᙯࠠ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϐਢ‫ٯ‬ύǴૈၲԋԾ๏Ծ‫ޑى‬଄୍Ҟ኱‫ޣ‬ ϝӧϿኧǶӧԜᕉნङඳΠǴҲ‫཮ޗ཮ߎ୷ث‬Ҿ཰‫ݤ‬Γᝢഢೀటаᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺ բࣁ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϐว৖БਢǴ٠ຑ՗ӧߚᔼճಔᙃ‫ࢎޑ‬ᄬΠǴஒӵՖ࿶ᔼ၀୘཰ϯ ࢲ୏Ƕ. 立. 政治大. ҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛Ҳ‫཮ޗ཮ߎ୷ث‬Ҿ཰ᝢഢೀϐᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺीჄၗ਑Ǵ٠ୖԵ. ‧ 國. 學. Clifton ᆶ Fyffe(1986)ϐीჄ‫ޑ‬ёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫ࢎ݋‬ᄬǴӃଞჹѱ൑ᄬय़຾Չϩ‫݋‬ǴႣෳ ѱ൑ϐወӧሡ‫؃‬Ǵ٠ጓᔕᎍ୧ीჄǶӧᎍ୧ीჄֹԋࡕǴջаԜᎍ୧Ⴃෳࣁ୷ᘵ. ‧. ӆϩ‫ೌמ݋‬ᄬय़Ǵᒧ᏷ёՉϐғౢБਢᅈ‫ى‬၀ᎍ୧ीჄ٠ࣴᔕғౢीჄǶനࡕ٩. y. Nat. sit. Ᏽ၀ғౢीჄϐϣ৒຾Չх֖ཞ੻ǵ౜ߎࢬໆǵၗౢॄ໸฻଄୍ᄬय़‫ޑ‬ႣෳǶന. n. al. er. io. ࡕӧᙯࠠБਢϐёՉ‫܄‬ຑ՗Бय़Ǵ߾ਥᏵљ২ၲ፣(2011)‫܌‬ගр‫ޑ‬฼ౣࡘԵำ‫ׇ‬. i n U. v. ‫ޑ‬Б‫ݤ‬ǴଞჹБਢပჴϐख़ाᕉნ߻ගǵచҹ߻ගǵҞ኱߻ග๏ϒ҂ٰБਢ୺Չ. Ch. engchi. ΢ϐࡌ᝼Ǵ٠аԜբࣁБਢຑ՗ϐᕴ่Ƕ. ҁࣴ‫ز‬ϐၗ਑ٰྍӭࣁ࿶җೖፋ཰ࣚቷ୘ԶளǴՠᛖ‫ܭ‬٠ߚ‫ޔ‬ௗӝբϐᜢ߯Ǵ ೚ӭၗ਑ค‫ݤ‬຾ՉჴӦᡍ᛾ǴӢԜӭࣁ௢՗ϐၗ਑ǶԶߚᔼճಔᙃᙯࠠ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ ϐပჴϝԖ೚ӭ֚ᜤԖࡑँઇǴࡌ᝼࡭ុଓᙫᙯࠠঁਢϐࡕុว৖ǴࣁԖཀᙯࠠ ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϐߚᔼճಔᙃග‫ٮ‬ёՉว৖࿶ᡍǶ. ᜢᗖӷǺߚᔼճಔᙃǵ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ǵಔᙃᙯࠠǵёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫݋‬. II.

(4) Ҟᒵ ᖴᇞ............................................................................................................. I ᄔा........................................................................................................... II Ҟᒵ.......................................................................................................... III ߄Ҟᒵ........................................................................................................ V კҞᒵ.....................................................................................................VII. 政治大 ಃ΋ക ᆣፕ...............................................................................................1 立. ‧ 國. 學. ಃ΋࿯ ࣴ‫ز‬ङඳᆶ୏ᐒ....................................................................1. ‧. ಃΒ࿯ ࣴ‫ز‬Ҟ‫ޑ‬ᆶୢᚒ....................................................................2. sit. y. Nat. ಃΟ࿯ ࣴ‫ࢬز‬ำ................................................................................3. er. io. ಃΒക Ў᝘௖૸ ....................................................................................4. n. a. v. l C ಃ΋࿯ ߚᔼճಔᙃᆶ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ ....................................................... 4 ni. hengchi U. ಃΒ࿯ ಔᙃᡂॠϐ࣬ᜢЎ᝘ ...........................................................9 ಃΟ࿯ ߚᔼճಔᙃᙯࠠ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϐ௖૸ .....................................16 ಃѤ࿯ ஑ਢϐёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫ ݋‬.............................................................18 ಃΟക ࣴ‫ز‬೛ी ..................................................................................23 ಃ΋࿯ ࣴ‫ز‬Б‫ݤ‬..............................................................................23 ಃΒ࿯ ၗ਑ᇆ໣Б‫ݤ‬......................................................................24. III.

(5) ಃΟ࿯ ࣴ‫ࢎز‬ᄬ..............................................................................24 ಃѤക ঁਢϟಏ ..................................................................................25 ಃ΋࿯ ᇶ‫ڀ‬ౢ཰ϐཷ‫ݩ‬..................................................................25 ಃΒ࿯ ঁਢϦљϟಏ......................................................................40 ಃϖക ࣴ‫ز‬ϩ‫݋‬ᆶ૸ፕ ........................................................................44 ಃ΋࿯ ѱ൑ᄬय़..............................................................................44. 政治大. ಃΒ࿯ ‫ೌמ‬ᄬय़..............................................................................47. 立. ಃΟ࿯ ଄୍ᄬय़..............................................................................53. ‧ 國. 學. ಃϤക ่ፕᆶࡌ᝼ ..............................................................................58. ‧. ಃ΋࿯ ่ፕ......................................................................................58. Nat. io. sit. y. ಃΒ࿯ ࣴ‫ز‬ज़‫ڋ‬..............................................................................59. er. ಃΟ࿯ ࡕុࣴ‫ࡌز‬᝼......................................................................60. al. n. v i n Ch ୖԵЎ᝘................................................................................................... 61 engchi U. IV.

(6) ߄Ҟᒵ ߄ 2- 1ǺDees ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰Ӏ᛼ ................................................................6 ߄ 2- 2ǺAlter షӝӀ᛼ ........................................................................7 ߄ 2- 3ǺӚ୯‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰‫ݤ‬ೕКၨ .........................................................9 ߄ 2- 4ǺҾ཰ᡂॠᆶಔᙃ‫ׯ‬ᡂ‫࣬ޑ‬ᜢϩᜪᆶҔᇟ ...........................10 ߄ 2- 5Ǻಔᙃᡂॠϐϩᜪᆶ‫ۓ‬က ....................................................... 11. 治政 ߄ 3- 1Ǻঁਢࣴ‫ز‬ϐ‫ۓ‬က ................................................................... 23 大立 ‧ 國. 學. ߄ 4- 1ǺѠ᡼ᇶ‫ڀ‬ϩᜪಒ໨ᇥܴ߄ ...................................................26 ߄ 4- 2Ǻ2014 ԃࡋ‫ֽ཮ޗ‬ᇶ‫ံڀ‬շЍрᆶΓԛϩ໨಍ी ..............28. ‧. ߄ 4- 3ǺᇶշᆶᔆံҔᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬ౢࠔੇᜢ຾рα಍ी(ԭ࿤ཥѠჾ). sit. y. Nat. ...............................................................................................................29. er. io. ߄ 4- 4Ǻ2009~2013aԃѠ᡼ᆶЬा୯ৎՉ୏ᇶ‫ڀ‬ౢࠔрαೕኳ(ԭ. n. iv l C n hengchi U ࿤ཥѠჾ) ............................................................................................. 29 ߄ 4- 5ǺѠ᡼Ӧ୔ᇶ‫ံڀ‬շࡹ฼Кၨ ................................................31 ߄ 4- 6Ǻᇶ‫ڀ‬ຑ՗Γ঩Кၨ߄ ...........................................................32 ߄ 4- 7Ǻચၛ୍ܺሽॶൂϡϐϩᜪ ...................................................35 ߄ 4- 8Ǻ‫ܮ‬ᗶᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬Ԗज़Ϧљᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺ΋ំ(ၮ຤ќी) .....37 ߄ 4- 9Ǻಃ΋‫཮ޗ‬ᅽճ୷ߎ཮ચॷ୍ܺΓԛ಍ी ...........................39 ߄ 4- 10Ǻಃ΋ᇶ‫ڀ‬ၗྍύЈચॷ୍ܺ΋ំ(ၮ຤ќी)...................39 V.

(7) ߄ 4- 11Ǻᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ໨Ҟ߄..................................................................43 ߄ 5- 1ǺѠчѱᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈચॷ୍ܺႣ՗ ...........................................45 ߄ 5- 2Ǻચॷ୍ܺႣෳໆ ...................................................................46 ߄ 5- 3Ǻચၛ୍ܺԃԏΕႣ՗ ...........................................................46 ߄ 5- 4Ǻሽॶൂϡϐϩπ ...................................................................48 ߄ 5- 5Ǻᇶ‫ڀ‬௦ᖼ՗ᆉ .......................................................................49. 政治大. ߄ 5- 6Ǻঊᓯ‫ޜ‬໔՗ᆉ .......................................................................50. 立. ߄ 5- 7ǺβӦቷ‫܊‬ሡ‫؃‬՗ᆉ ...............................................................50. ‧ 國. 學. ߄ 5- 8Ǻ೛ҥᐱҥၮբ੃ࢥπቷϐ‫׫‬ၗБਢ᏾౛ ...........................51. ‧. ߄ 5- 9Ǻ೛ҥᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈߕឦϐమዅ੃ࢥπቷϐ‫׫‬ၗБਢ ...............52. Nat. io. sit. y. ߄ 5- 10Ǻၗߎሡ‫ ߄؃‬.........................................................................54. er. ߄ 5- 11Ǻཞ੻߄၂ᆉ..........................................................................55. al. n. v i n C h................................................................. ߄ 5- 12Ǻ౜ߎࢬໆ߄၂ᆉ 56 engchi U ߄ 5- 13Ǻၗౢॄ໸߄၂ᆉ .................................................................56 ߄ 5- 14ǺճዎჹӚᡂኧϐ௵གࡋϩ‫݋‬Кၨ .....................................57. VI.

(8) კҞᒵ კ 1- 1Ǻࣴ‫ࢬز‬ำკ ..............................................................................3 კ 2- 1ǺϦ೽ߐǵᔼճಔᙃǵߚᔼճಔᙃǵ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰‫ۓޑ‬Տ ..........6 კ 2- 2Ǻљ২ၲ፣ CORPS ኳԄ ...........................................................7 კ 2- 3ǺFriis షӝӀ᛼კ ......................................................................8 კ 2- 4Ǻಔᙃᕮਏᆶᡂॠኳࠠ ............................................................12. 政治大 კ 2- 5Ǻ᏾ӝ฼ౣᙯࠠኳࠠ ................................................................13 立. ‧ 國. 學. კ 2- 6ǺThe Three Cs Prism ................................................................13. ‧. კ 2- 7Ǻ่ᄬᄍ‫܄‬Ꮲᇥཷ‫ ۺ‬................................................................14. sit. y. Nat. კ 2- 8ǺεೕኳಔᙃᡂॠԋӢኳࠠ ....................................................14. er. io. კ 2- 9Ǻᡂॠ໘ࢤᆶ໘ࢤҞ኱ ............................................................16. n. a. v. i l C კ 2- 10Ǻߚᔼճಔᙃ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϯϐ௃ნ᝼ᚒ 18 n................................... hengchi U. კ 2- 11Ǻ஑ਢёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫݋‬ၸำ ..........................................................19 კ 2- 12ǺीჄёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫ࢬ݋‬ำკ ......................................................20 კ 2- 13Ǻ஑ਢёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫݋‬Б‫ ݤ‬..........................................................22 კ 3- 1Ǻၗ਑ᇆ໣Б‫ ݤ‬........................................................................24 კ 3- 2Ǻࣴ‫ࢎز‬ᄬ ................................................................................24 კ 4- 1Ǻಃ΋ᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈమዅ੃ࢥπቷ੃ࢥࢬำ ................................38. VII.

(9) კ 4- 2ǺҲ‫཮ߎ୷ث‬ಔᙃࢎᄬკ ........................................................41 კ 5- 1Ǻ୍ܺჹຝᡂϯᖿ༈ ................................................................47 კ 5- 2ǺБਢ΋‫ٿ‬ѳᗺϩ‫ ݋‬................................................................53. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. VIII. i n U. v.

(10) ಃ΋ക ᆣፕ ಃ΋࿯ ࣴ‫ز‬ङඳᆶ୏ᐒ ঁΓΚໆԖज़Ǵค‫ݤ‬ᐱҥғӸǴӢԶѸሡ൨‫؃‬дΓ‫ޑ‬ӝբǶԶࣁΑ٬ӝբᜢ ߯ᛙ‫ۓ‬ǴӚᅿόӕ‫׎‬Ԅ‫ޑ‬ಔᙃ‫س‬಍ӢԶౢғǶ(љ২ၲ፣Ǵ2005) ᒿ๱ᕉნ‫ז‬ೲᡂ ᎂǵ‫཮ޗ‬ሽॶӭϡϯаࡕǴ‫཮ޗ‬ౢғΑ‫܈‬ཀ᛽‫ډ‬΋٤ค‫ݤ‬࿶җ୘཰ᡏ‫ֹس‬ԋ‫ޑ‬ሡ ‫؃‬ǴΨค‫ݤ‬җࡹ۬ᐒᄬֹٰԋǶӢԜԖ‫ד‬ϐγΏಔᙃიᡏǴှ،‫ޑ཮ޗ‬ୢᚒǴၲ. 政治大. ԋҁ‫ޑي‬౛གྷǶߚᔼճಔᙃӢԶᑫଆǶ(љ২ၲ፣Ǵ1999). 立. ฅԶǴ‫ډ‬Α 1970 ԃжࡕයǴҡ‫ݨ‬Ӓᐒ‫ޑ‬ᛈวᏤठӚ୯ࡹ۬ᅽճႣᆉ‫ޑ‬ε൯. ‧ 國. 學. ᕭጓǴ҇౲Ψჹߚᔼճಔᙃ‫ޑ‬ᔼၮਏ౗ᆶิ୍੝៾ౢғ፦ᅪǶ٬চаࡹ۬Ⴃᆉ‫܈‬ ਈීࣁЬाၗߎٰྍ‫ߚޑ‬ᔼճಔᙃ‫׳‬уරӛѱ൑ϯว৖Ƕ(Salamon, 1999)ՠࢂѱ. ‧. ൑ϯ‫ޑ‬ว৖Бӛ٠ߚӵԜ৒ܰǴਥᏵഋᒸ୸ǵ‫۔‬Ԗࠢ฻Γ(2007)ଞჹ‫۞ٿ‬ΟӦ‫ޗ‬. y. Nat. sit. ཮Ҿ཰‫زࣴޑ‬ൔ֋ύǴ໻Ԗ 20%‫཮ޗޑ‬Ҿ཰ૈࣦᎩǶԶ‫۔‬Ԗࠢଞ(2007)ჹѠ᡼Ӧ. n. al. er. io. ୔‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰‫زࣴޑ‬ൔ֋ύǴϖৎҗߚᔼճಔᙃ࿶ᔼள࣬྽рՅϐ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ύǴ٣. i n U. v. ཰ԏΕэԏΕٰྍϐК‫ٯ‬ௗ߈ 50%‫ޣ‬໻Ԗ΋ৎǴࡹ۬ံշэԏΕٰྍϐК‫ٯ‬ե ‫ ܭ‬20%‫ޣ‬Ψ໻Ԗ΋ৎǶ. Ch. engchi. ӧԜᕉნङඳΠǴҲ‫཮ߎ୷ث‬а‫׈‬ៈπ൑ኳԄǴӭԛ჋၂‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰‫׫ޑ‬ၗǴ ӵߓ࿤ৣమዅπբ໗ǵคምᛖਓၯ௢ቶǵҲ‫ث‬੗฀‫ڜ‬ଢ଼ࡂǵᙑՊӣԏ஑ਢ฻฻Ƕ Զ‫ ܭ‬2016 ԃǴᗧឦ‫ܭ‬Ҳ‫཮ޗޑ཮ߎ୷ث‬Ҿ཰‫ݤ‬Γᝢഢೀటаᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺբࣁ ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϐว৖БਢǴ٠ຑ՗ӧߚᔼճಔᙃ‫ࢎޑ‬ᄬΠǴஒӵՖ࿶ᔼ၀୘཰ϯࢲ୏Ƕ ҁࣴ‫ز‬ջࣁ‫ڐ‬շ΢ॊൂՏϐ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ว৖БਢԶ຾Չࣴ‫ز‬Ƕ. 1.

(11) ಃΒ࿯ ࣴ‫ز‬Ҟ‫ޑ‬ᆶୢᚒ ӧѠ᡼Ǵߚᔼճಔᙃᙯࠠ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϐਢ‫ٯ‬ύǴૈၲԋԾ๏Ծ‫ޑى‬଄୍Ҟ኱ ‫ޣ‬ϝӧϿኧǶԶҲ‫཮ޗ཮ߎ୷ث‬Ҿ཰‫ݤ‬Γᝢഢೀ‫ޑ‬ԋҥҞ‫ޑ‬ӧ‫ڐܭ‬շဠ٣཮຾ Չ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰‫ݤ‬Γϐ‫׫‬ၗຑ՗Ǵ٠ᙖԜගϲҲ‫཮ߎ୷ث‬Ծ๏Ծ‫ޑى‬଄୍ૈΚǶҁ ࣴ‫ڐࣁز‬շҲ‫཮ޗ཮ߎ୷ث‬Ҿ཰‫ݤ‬Γᝢഢೀ຾Չᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛБਢϐёՉ‫܄‬ຑ՗Ǵ ‫׆‬ఈ೸ၸᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛБਢϐёՉ‫܄‬ຑ՗Ǵ‫ڐ‬շҲ‫཮ߎ୷ث‬຾Չ‫׫‬ၗ،฼ᆶᙯࠠ฼ ౣ‫ޑ‬ပჴǴ٠բࣁ‫ځ‬дߚᔼճಔᙃᙯࠠ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϐୖԵǶ. 政治大 ΋ǵġԜᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺϐ‫׫‬ၗБਢёՉ‫܄‬ӵՖ? 立 ࣁၲа΢Ҟ‫ޑ‬Ǵҁࣴ‫ز‬ஒ௖૸аΠୢᚒǺ. ‧ 國. 學. Βǵġ຾ՉԜᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺϐ‫׫‬ၗБਢਔǴԖব٤ख़ा‫ޑ‬،฼߻ගሡाଓᙫ?. ‧. Οǵġय़ჹ΢ॊ‫܌‬ሡाଓᙫ‫ޑ‬ख़ा،฼߻ගёૈวғ‫ޑ‬ᡂϯஒӵՖӢᔈ?. n. al. y. er. io. sit. Nat. ѤǵġԜᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛБਢϐ୺Չᆶပჴ΢ሡा੝ձ‫ݙ‬ཀϙሶ?. Ch. engchi. 2. i n U. v.

(12) ಃΟ࿯ ࣴ‫ࢬز‬ำ ӵკ 1-1 ‫܌‬ҢǴҁࣴ‫ز‬२Ӄዴ‫زࣴۓ‬БӛǴ٠຾Չ࣬ᜢЎ᝘‫ޑ‬ᇆ໣Ϸ᏾౛Ǵ аቚ຾ჹߚᔼճಔᙃǵ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ǵಔᙃᙯࠠǵߚᔼճಔᙃᙯࠠ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ᆶ஑ਢϐ ёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫݋‬฻࣬ᜢЬᚒ‫ޑ‬ΑှǴ٠٩Ԝࡌҥঁਢϩ‫ࢎޑ݋‬ᄬǶௗ๱࡭ុӦᇆ໣ǵ ᏾౛ঁਢၗ਑ᆶ຾Չঁਢϩ‫݋‬Ǵ٠ӧঁਢϩ‫ޑ݋‬ၸำύ࡭ុ‫ޑ‬অ҅ၗ਑ᇆ໣‫ޑ‬Б ӛᆶϣ৒Ǵ‫ډޔ‬ϩ‫ֹ݋‬ԋࡕǴଞჹঁਢϩ‫่݀݋‬๏ϒ่ፕᆶࡌ᝼Ƕ. ዴ‫زࣴۓ‬Ҟ‫ޑ‬Бӛġ. 立. 政治大 Ў᝘௖૸ġ. ‧ 國. 學. Nat. ᇆ໣ᆶ᏾౛ঁਢၗ਑ġ. n. al. er. io. sit. y. ‧. ࡌҥࣴ‫ࢎز‬ᄬġ. Ch. engchi. i n U. ঁਢϩ‫݋‬ġ. ่ፕᆶࡌ᝼ġ. კ 1- 1Ǻࣴ‫ࢬز‬ำკ ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. 3. v.

(13) ಃΒക. Ў᝘௖૸. ಃ΋࿯ ߚᔼճಔᙃᆶ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ ΋ǵġ. ߚᔼճಔᙃ‫ۺཷޑ‬. ᜢ‫ܭ‬Ȩߚᔼճಔᙃȩ(Non-profit Organization)ϐӜᆀᆶ‫ۓ‬က౲ӭǴத‫ޑـ‬Ԗ Ȩߚࡹ۬ಔᙃȩ(Non-governmental Organization)ǵ ȨಃΟ೽ߐȩ(Third Sector)ǵ Ȩ‫ד‬ ᜫ೽ߐȩ(Voluntary Sector)ǵ ȨϦ҇‫཮ޗ‬იᡏȩ(Civil Society Organization)ǵ Ȩᐱҥ. 政治大 ϣิ‫ݤ‬ಃ 501 చ C ී(Internal 立 Revenue Code § 501(c))‫ޑ‬ϦѲࡕǴωԖၨܴዴ‫ޑ‬Ӝ. ೽ߐȩ(Independent Sector)ǵཁ๓೽ߐȐCharitable Sectorȑ฻ӜᆀǶ΋‫ډޔ‬ऍ୯୯. ‧ 國. 學. ᆀᆶ‫ۓ‬ကǶਥᏵ၀‫ݤ‬చ‫ۓ‬ကǴߚᔼճಔᙃࢂࡰǺȨ೛ҥ‫ے‬ԑߚаᔼճࣁҞ‫ޑ‬ǴЪ όளஒࣦᎩϩଛ๏‫܌‬Ԗ៾‫ޑޣ‬ಔᙃ‫܈‬იᡏǶȩ. ‧. Hansmann(1980)٩Ᏽऍ୯୯ϣิ‫ޑݤ‬ᇥܴǴஒߚᔼճಔᙃ‫ۓ‬ကࣁȨόϩଛࣦ. y. Nat. Wolf(1990)߾ᘜયϖ໨੝፦ٰࣚ‫ߚۓ‬ᔼճಔᙃǺ. n. al. Ch. (΋) аϦӅ୍ܺࣁ٬‫ڮ‬. engchi. er. io. sit. Ꭹȩ‫ޑ‬ಔᙃǴ٠аԜբࣁᆶᔼճಔᙃ‫ޑ‬Ьा୔႖(Hansmann,1987)Ƕ. i n U. v. (Β) ߚаᔼճࣁҞ኱ (Ο) ಔᙃࢬำ‫่܈‬ᄬёаᗉխᡣҺՖঁΓᔼ‫د‬ (Ѥ) ࿶ࡹ۬ҥਢЪ‫࣬ڙ‬ᜢ‫ݤ‬зᆅᗄ (ϖ) ߚᔼճಔᙃҁ‫ي‬ᆶਈշ‫ࣣޣ‬٦Ԗࡹ۬ิ୍෧խᓬࡑ Salamon(1992)ᇡࣁߚᔼճಔᙃߚᔼճಔᙃ‫ڀ‬ԖϤε੝ቻǺ (΋) ҅Ԅಔᙃ(Formal). 4.

(14) (Β) ‫د‬Γ‫(ޑ‬Private) (Ο) όૈϩଛճዎ(Non-profit-distributing) (Ѥ) Ծ‫ݯך‬౛‫(ޑ‬Self-governing) (ϖ) Ծᜫ‫(ޑ܄‬Volunteer) (Ϥ) ‫ڀ‬ཁ๓‫܄‬፦(Philanthropic) љ২ၲ፣(1999)߾ᇡࣁߚᔼճಔᙃᆶᔼճಔᙃ‫ޑ‬ਥҁόӕ໻ࣁࢂցϩଛࣦ ᎩǴԶ‫ځ‬ᔼճ੝‫܄‬ѝࢂӧำࡋ΢‫ޑ‬όӕǶ. 政治大 ᆕӝа΢ᢀᗺǴҁࣴ‫ز‬ஒȨߚᔼճಔᙃȩ‫ۓ‬ကࣁǺߚаᔼճࣁҞ‫ޑ‬ǵόள 立. ຾ՉࣦᎩϩଛЪ‫ڀ‬Ԗӝ‫ิݤ‬፟ᓬඁϐ҅ԄಔᙃǶԶᜢ‫ܭ‬ཁ๓ᆶϦ੻‫܄‬፦ǴӢ‫ڙ‬. ‧ 國. 學. ӚӦБЎϯ‫ঁ܈‬Γሽॶᢀৡ౦‫ޑ‬ቹៜԶᜤаࣚ‫ۓ‬ǴӢԜа྽Ӧӝ‫ิݤ‬፟ᓬඁၗ. ‧. ਱ࣁᇡ‫୷ۓ‬ᘵǶ. sit. y. Nat. Βǵġ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰‫ۺཷޑ‬. n. al. er. io. а‫د‬ԖБԄ࿶ᔼ‫཮ޗޑ‬Ҿ཰‫ޑ‬ว৖ᐕўཱུࣁΦᇻǴᗨฅߚᔼճಔᙃߏΦаٰ. i n U. v. ΨԖ࿶ᔼ୘཰ࢲ୏ᝢ௛ၗߎ‫ޑ‬ᐕўǴՠаϦԖБԄ࿶ᔼ‫཮ޗޑ‬Ҿ཰΋‫ډޔ‬ΜΐШ. Ch. engchi. इύωр౜Ƕ(K. Sealey, W. Sealey, Boschee and Emerson, 2000) ჹ‫཮ޗܭ‬Ҿ཰‫ޑ‬ ‫ۓ‬ကǴӃࡕԖ೚ӭᏢ‫ޣ‬ගр‫ݤ࣮ځ‬຾Չࣚ‫ۓ‬Ǻ Dees(1998)ගрΑ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰Ӏ᛼(Social Enterprise Spectrum)Ǵ၂კҔȨ୏ᐒȩ ǵ ȨБ‫ݤ‬ȩ ǵ ȨҞ኱ȩᆶȨᜢᗖճ্ᜢ߯Γȩٰࣚ‫ۓ‬ಔᙃ‫܄ޑ‬፦Ƕӵ߄ 2-1 ‫܌‬ҢǶ. 5.

(15) ߄ 2- 1ǺDees ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰Ӏ᛼ પཁ๓ ນፏ๓ཀ ٬‫ڮ‬Ꮴӛ. ష‫୏ک‬ᐒ. પ୘཰ ଓ‫ঁ؃‬Γճ੻. ٬‫کڮ‬ѱ൑Ꮴӛ. ѱ൑Ꮴӛ. ‫཮ޗ‬ሽॶ. ‫ک཮ޗ‬࿶ᔮሽॶ. ࿶ᔮሽॶ. ‫੻ڙ‬Γ. խ຤. К‫ံٯ‬ຠ‫܈‬Ҭΰံຠ. ѱ൑ሽ਱. ၗҁ. ਈᜄ‫ံک‬շ. ե‫ܭ‬ѱ൑ճ౗‫܈‬ష‫ک‬ ѱ൑ճ౗ᆶਈᜄ. ѱ൑ճ౗. മ୏Κ. ‫ד‬ᜫ‫ޣ‬. ե‫ܭ‬ѱ൑ᖒၗ‫܈‬షӝ ‫ד‬ᜫ‫ޣ‬ᆶӄᖒ঩π. ѱ൑ൔၿ. ‫ٮ‬ᔈ୘. ਈᜄ‫ނ‬ၗ. ੝ձ‫ש‬Ԍ‫܈‬షӝਈᜄ ‫ނ‬ၗᆶѱ൑ሽ਱‫ނ‬ၗ. ѱ൑ሽ਱. ୏ᐒ Б‫ݤ‬ Ҟ኱ ᜢ ᗖ ճ ্ ᜢ ߯ Γ. 政治大 ၗ਑ٰྍǺJ. Gregory Dees, 1998, Harvard Business Review, p. 60 立. ‧ 國. 學. Fourth Sector Network(1998)аಔᙃ‫ޑ‬ȨԏΕٰྍȩᆶȨԋҥҞ‫ޑ‬ȩஒಔᙃ຾ ՉϩᜪǴ٠ගрȨಃѤ೽ߐȩཷ‫ۺ‬ǶFiona Wilson ᆶ James E. Post(2013)߾຾΋‫؁‬. ‧. ஒ‫ۯۺཷځ‬՜Ǵ٠‫ۓ‬ՏрӚᅿᜪࠠ‫ޑ‬ಔᙃǶӵკ 2-1 ‫܌‬ҢǶ. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. კ 2- 1ǺϦ೽ߐǵᔼճಔᙃǵߚᔼճಔᙃǵ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰‫ۓޑ‬Տ ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. 6.

(16) љ২ၲ፣(1999)ගрΑȨCORPSȩኳԄǴӵკ 2-2 ‫܌‬ҢǴаȨ୍ܺჹຝȩ ǵ Ȩബ ೷ሽॶϐ཰୍ၮբȩ ǵ Ȩ଄Κᆶ‫ނ‬Κၗྍȩ ǵ Ȩୖᆶ‫ޣ‬ȩ ǵ Ȩബ೷‫܈‬ග‫ٮ‬ϐ୍ܺȩᆶȨ، ฼ਡЈȩ฻Ϥঁय़ӛǴٰှញӚᅿಔᙃ‫ޑ‬ၮբࠠᄊǶ‫ۓ‬ကаԖᓭ୍ܺࣁЬा଄୍ ٰྍ‫ޑ‬ಔᙃࣁȨ୘཰ࠠಔᙃȩǶ٠ᇡࣁߚᔼճಔᙃӛ‫ޣ੻ڙ‬ԏ຤Ǵஒёа೸ၸሽ ਱ᐒ‫ڋ‬ᔠᡍ‫ޣ୍ܺڙ‬ჹ୍ܺϣ৒‫ޑ‬ሡ‫؃‬மࡋǶ. 立. 政治大. ‧ 國. 學 კ 2- 2Ǻљ২ၲ፣ CORPS ኳ. ‧. ၗ਑ٰྍǺљ২ၲ፣Ǵ1999Ǵߚᔼճಔᙃ‫ޑ‬࿶ᔼᆅ౛Ǵ। 15. Nat. sit. y. Alter(2004)ගрΑషӝӀ᛼(Hybrid Spectrum)ǴҔȨ୏ᐒȩ ǵ ȨԏΕ٬ҔБԄȩ ǵ. n. al. er. io. Ȩॄೢჹຝȩ(Accountability)Ǵஒಔᙃ୔ϩԋϤᅿࠠᄊǶӵ߄ 2-2 ‫܌‬ҢǶ. ໺಍ߚᔼ. Ԗᔼԏࢲ. ճಔᙃ. ୏‫ߚޑ‬ᔼ ճಔᙃ. z z z. Ch. i n U. ߄ 2- 2ǺAlter షӝӀ᛼. eషӝӀ᛼ ngchi. ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰. v. ‫཮ޗ‬ೢҺ. ჴՉ‫཮ޗ‬. ໺಍ᔼճ. ٣཰. ೢҺ‫ޑ‬Ҿ ཰. ಔᙃ. ٬‫ڮ‬Ꮴӛ z ჹճ্ᜢ߯Γॄೢ z ԏΕӆ‫׫‬Ε‫཮ޗ‬ीჄ‫܈‬ᔼၮԋҁ z. ճዎᏤӛ ჹިܿॄೢ ԏΕϩଛ๏ިܿ. ၗ਑ٰྍǺKim Alter, 2007, Social Enterprise Typology, p. 23. 7.

(17) Andreas Friis(2009)߾຾΋‫ۯ؁‬՜ Alter(2007)‫܌‬ගр‫ޑ‬షӝӀ᛼ǴஒӚᅿಔ ᙃࠠᄊ຾Չ‫׳‬మཱ‫ۓࣚޑ‬Ƕӵკ 2-3 ‫܌‬ҢǶ. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學 კ 2- 3ǺFriis షӝӀ᛼კ. sit. y. Nat. ၗ਑ٰྍǺAndreas Friis, 2009, The Emerging Fourth Sector, p. 77. n. al. er. io. Զᜢ‫཮ޗܭ‬Ҿ཰‫ࡓݤޑ‬ǴҞ߻Ӛ୯ϝഌុҥ‫ݤ‬ೕጄǶԶӧߚᔼճಔᙃᆶᔼ. i n U. v. ճಔᙃ‫ޑ‬Ьाৡ౦ȨૈցϩଛࣦᎩȩᆶȨิ፟ᓬඁȩ΢ǴӚ୯ৎϐ‫ࡓݤ‬ೕጄϝ. Ch. engchi. ౣԖৡ౦Ƕ(೚໡໥Ǵ2013ǹ࿶ᔮ೽Ǵ2014ǹᔎᆬຽǴ2015)᏾౛ӵΠ߄ 2-3Ƕ. 8.

(18) ߄ 2- 3ǺӚ୯‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰‫ݤ‬ೕКၨ ୯ৎ. ऍ୯. म୯. Ѡ᡼. ‫ྍݤ‬. եᕇճԖज़ೢҺϦљ‫ݤ‬ ᅽࣸࠠϦљ‫ݤ‬ ቸ‫܄‬Ҟ‫ޑ‬Ϧљ‫ݤ‬. ‫୔ޗ‬ճ੻Ϧљೕ‫ۓ‬. Ϧ੻Ϧљ‫ݤ‬૛ਢ (҂೯ၸ). Ϧљᅿᜪ. Ԗज़ೢҺϦљ/ިҽԖज़ Ϧљ. Ԗज़ೢҺϦљ. ިҽԖज़Ϧљ. ࣦᎩϩଛ. ӭคೕ‫ۓ‬. ΢ज़ 35%. ΢ज़Οϩϐ΋. ‫ڙ‬ၗౢᙹ‫ۓ‬চ߾ज़. ᔈᜄᆶ‫ځ‬дϦ੻. ‫ڋ‬Ǵᔈаѱ൑ሽ਱ೀ ࿼‫܈‬ᙯ౽Կ‫ځ‬д‫୔ޗ‬ ճ੻Ϧљǵཁ๓ಔᙃ. ϦљǵᏢਠǵ‫ޗ‬ ᅽ଄ი‫ݤ‬Γ‫܈‬ԏ ᘜϦԖ. คᓬඁ. ಃΒᜪϦ੻Ϧљ ளԋࣁ෧ิჹຝ. ໨Ҟ. ၗౢೀ࿼. คೕጄ. 政治大. 立 คᓬඁ. ิ፟ᓬඁ. ‧ 國. 學. (চߚᔼճಔᙃ). ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. ‧. ᆕӝа΢ᢀᗺǴҁࣴ‫ز‬ஒȨ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ȩ‫ۓ‬ကࣁǺߚаᔼճࣁҞ‫ޑ‬ǵᔼၮၗߎ. y. Nat. io. sit. ֹӄٰԾ‫ܭ‬Ԗᓭ୍ܺϐӝ‫҅ݤ‬ԄಔᙃǶԶᜢ‫཮ޗܭ‬Ҿ཰ёց຾ՉȨࣦᎩϩଛȩᆶ. n. al. er. ‫ڗ‬ளȨิ፟ᓬඁȩǴӚ୯‫ࡓݤ‬ϝ҂ԖӅ᛽ǴӢԜаӝ‫ܭ‬྽Ӧ‫ࡓݤ‬ೕጄϐ҅Ԅಔᙃ ࣁᇡ‫୷ۓ‬ᘵǶ. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. ಃΒ࿯ ಔᙃᡂॠϐ࣬ᜢЎ᝘ ჹಔᙃϣ‫ޑ‬ԋ঩ǴаϷಔᙃѦ‫ޑ‬ᐒᄬᆶԋ঩Զ‫ق‬Ǵಔᙃ೿ࢂᆢ࡭ߏයᛙ‫ۓ‬ᜢ ߯‫ޑ‬ӝբѳѠǶ҅Ԅ‫ޑ‬ಔᙃၮբǴջࢂஒӚБ‫ޑ‬ၗྍǵҞ኱ǵ‫ૈޕ‬฻೛‫ݤ‬ᆫ໣ӧ ΋ঁ࣬ჹᛙ‫ޑڰ‬ѳѠ΢Ǵฅࡕ٩ࢌ٤চ߾Ǵஒ೭٤ᆅ౛ϡન຾Չࢬำᆶ،฼΢‫ޑ‬ ϩπǴ࿶җሽॶബ೷Զၲ‫ډ‬᏾ӝ‫ޑ‬Ҟ‫ޑ‬Ƕऩట໩ճၮբǴಔᙃѸ໪ԖȨ໚य़ȩ‫ޑ‬ ‫ڀ‬ᡏҞ኱ǴаࡰᏤಔᙃԋ঩‫ޑ‬،฼ᆶՉ୏ǴӕਔΨሡाԖࢌ٤‫׎‬Ԅ‫ޑ‬Ҟ኱ᆶሽॶ ᢀ‫ۺ‬Ǵаࡌҥԋ঩ჹಔᙃ‫ޑ‬ᇡӕǶ(љ২ၲ፣Ǵ2005). 9.

(19) ԶҺՖಔᙃ೿ԖѬӸӧ‫ޑ‬ႣයфૈᆶҞ‫ޑ‬Ǵ΋ѿѦӧᕉნ‫ׯ‬ᡂǴ‫ࢂ܈‬ಔᙃ ‫س‬಍ҁ‫ي‬ଏϯ౜ຝǴаठಔᙃόӆૈวචႣයфૈ‫܈‬ၲԋႣ‫ۓ‬Ҟ‫ޑ‬ਔǴಔᙃ൩ ሡा຾ՉᡂॠǶ(Л‫ݯ‬୯Ǵ2005) ΋ǵġಔᙃᡂॠϐ‫ۓ‬ကᆶᜪࠠ ᜢ‫ܭ‬ಔᙃᡂॠ(Organization Change)‫زࣴޑ‬ᕷӭǴቶကԶ‫ࡰࢂق‬ಔᙃࣁ፾ᔈ ᕉნᡂᎂǵࣁቚ຾ಔᙃᔼၮਏ౗Ǵ‫܌‬຾Չ‫ޑ‬ፓ᏾բࣁǶ Զಔᙃᡂॠ٩‫ځ‬ೱុᆶցё୔ϩࣁಔᙃ‫ׯ‬ᡂᆶҾ཰ᡂॠǶ‫܌‬ᒏಔᙃ‫ׯ‬ᡂࢂࡰ. 政治大 ᙃ‫܌‬຾Չ‫ޑ‬ӄय़ǵుΕǵόೱុ‫ࢎޑ‬ᄬ‫ׯ‬ᡂǴԶჹಔᙃᕮਏԖख़ε‫ޑ‬ቹៜǶ(৪ᖄ 立 ӧࡽԖ‫ޑ‬࿶ᔼࢎᄬΠೱុǵλ൯‫ׯޑ‬๓‫ׯ܈‬ᡂǶ࣬ၨϐΠǴҾ཰ᡂॠࢂࡰεࠠಔ. ৱǴ1996)ᜢ‫߈ܭ‬жҾ཰ᡂॠᆶಔᙃ‫ׯ‬ᡂϐৡ౦᏾౛ӵ߄ 2-4Ƕ. ‧ 國. 學. ߄ 2- 4ǺҾ཰ᡂॠᆶಔᙃ‫ׯ‬ᡂ‫࣬ޑ‬ᜢϩᜪᆶҔᇟ ಔᙃ‫ׯ‬ᡂ࣬ᜢཷ‫ۺ‬. Pettigrew(1985). ᄽ຾(եቫԛ‫ׯ‬ᡂࢲ୏). io. n. Smith(1982). al. Sheldon(1980). ᄽ຾ǵᅌ຾. C hࠠᄊᆢ࡭ engchi U Ծฅ‫ׯ‬ᡂ. y. ΋໘‫ׯ‬ᡂ. εೕኳಔᙃ‫ׯ‬ᡂ. sit. Levy and Merry(1986). Ҿ཰ᡂॠ࣬ᜢᢀ‫ۺ‬ Β໘‫ׯ‬ᡂ. ‫ׯ‬ॠ(ଯቫԛ‫ׯ‬ᡂࢲ୏). er. ಔᙃ‫ׯ‬ᡂ. Nat. Mohrman and others(1989). Miller(1982). ‧. ࣴ‫ޣز‬Ϸԃж. v ni. ‫ׯ‬ॠǵໆη‫ׯ‬ᡂ ࠠᄊ‫׎‬ԋ ‫ڂ‬ጄ‫ׯ‬ᡂ. Golembievsky, Billingsley, and Yaeger(1976). Նว‫ׯ‬ᡂ. Ჹᅦ‫ׯ‬ᡂ. De Bono(1971). ࠟ‫ׯޔ‬ᡂ. Нѳ‫ׯ‬ᡂ. ၗ਑ٰྍǺ৪ᖄৱǴ1996ǴҾ཰ᡂॠ‫س‬ӈࣴ‫ز‬Ǵ। 9-10 Ҿ཰ᡂॠ٩୺Չၸำ‫ޑ‬ᐟਗ਼ำࡋǴёӆ୔ϩࣁၨ጗‫ޑک‬ಔᙃᙯࠠ (Organizational Transformation)‫ک‬ၨᐟਗ਼‫ޑ‬ಔᙃᙯ‫(ש‬Organizational Turnaround)‫ٿ‬ ᅿǶ߻‫܌ޣ‬ሡϐਔ໔ၨߏǴӢԜ೯தࢂӃᔈԄҾ཰ᡂॠǶԶࡕ‫ޣ‬Ѹฅࢂӧಔᙃᆶ ᕉნ‫ޑ‬Ӆғᜢ߯ѨᑽࡕǴ‫܌‬௦Ҕ‫ࡕޑ‬ᔈԄҾ཰ᡂॠǶՠಔᙃᙯࠠ٠ߚ๊ჹࣁӃᔈ Ԅ‫ޑ‬ᡂॠǶ(৪ᖄৱǴ1996) 10.

(20) ᆕӝа΢࣮‫ݤ‬Ǵҁࣴ‫ز‬௦Ҕೱុ‫܄‬ᆶЋࢤᐟਗ਼ำࡋࣁ୔ϩ୷ྗǴஒಔᙃᡂ ॠϐᜪࠠ୔ϩࣁΟᜪǴӵ߄ 2-5 ‫܌‬ҢǶ ߄ 2- 5Ǻಔᙃᡂॠϐϩᜪᆶ‫ۓ‬က ᜪࠠ. ಔᙃ‫ׯ‬ᡂ. ಔᙃᙯࠠ. ಔᙃᙯ‫ש‬. ೱុ‫܄‬. ೱុ. όೱុ. όೱុ. Ћࢤᐟਗ਼ำࡋ. ጗‫ک‬. ጗‫ک‬. ᐟਗ਼. ाન. ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛ Βǵġಔᙃᡂॠϐཷ‫ۺ‬. 政治大 ᜢ‫ܭ‬ಔᙃᡂॠǴArmenakis & Bedeian(1999)ଞჹ 90 ԃж‫زࣴޑ‬ᆶ౛ፕ຾Չ 立. ᚒǶԶаΠஒаԜϩᜪБԄ຾Չಔᙃᡂॠཷ‫ۺ‬ϐ௖૸Ƕ. 學. ‧ 國. ӣ៝Ǵஒ᝼ᚒϩࣁѤεЬᚒǴϩձࢂǺϣ৒᝼ᚒǵ௃ნ᝼ᚒǵำ‫ׇ‬᝼ᚒǵࡰ኱᝼. ‧. (΋) ϣ৒᝼ᚒǺᜢ‫ܭ‬྽жᡂॠ‫ޑ‬Ьाϣ৒. y. Nat. io. sit. Burke ‫ ک‬Litwin(1992)ගрȨಔᙃᕮਏᆶᡂॠኳࠠȩǴᒧрΜΒ໨Ьाᡂኧ. n. al. er. ٠аጂᓐ߄ҢӚ໨ᡂኧ໔ϐᜢᖄ‫܄‬Ǵӵკ 2-4 ‫܌‬ҢǶኳࠠϣϐाનӧόӕᢀᗺ ёϩᜪӵΠǺ. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. 1.. ᒡΕ(Ѧ೽ᕉნ)ǵᒡр(ঁΓᆶಔᙃᕮਏ)ǵᙯඤၸำ(‫ځ‬Ꭹाન)Ƕ. 2.. ᏾ᡏ‫س‬಍ቫભ(٬‫ڮ‬ᆶ฼ౣǵಔᙃЎϯ)ǵπբൂՏቫભ(πբൂՏ ਻ং)ǵঁΓቫભ(୏ᐒǵঁΓሡ‫؃‬ᆶሽॶᢀǵᙍ཰ঁΓ፾ଛ)Ƕ. 11.

(21) 3.. ᙯࠠ‫܄‬፦(Ѧ೽ᕉნǵ٬‫ڮ‬ᆶ฼ౣǵಔᙃЎϯǵሦᏤǵঁΓᆶಔᙃᕮ ਏ)ᆶҬܰ‫܄‬፦(่ᄬǵ‫س‬಍ǵᆅ౛ჴ୍ǵπբൂՏ਻ংǵҺ୍‫ک‬π բ‫ૈמ‬ǵ୏ᐒǵঁΓᆶಔᙃᕮਏ)Ƕ. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. er. io. sit. y. Nat. al. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. კ 2- 4Ǻಔᙃᕮਏᆶᡂॠኳࠠ ၗ਑ٰྍǺBurke & Litwin, 1992, A Causal Model of Organizational Performance and Change Vollman(1996)߾ଞჹಔᙃᙯࠠගрȨ᏾ӝ฼ౣᙯࠠኳࠠȩǴҔаඔॊᙯࠠύ ಔᙃ‫ޑ‬Ζঁख़ाय़ӛ(฼ౣཀკǵૈऐǵࢬำǵၗྍǵౢрǵ฼ౣӣᔈǵࡷᏯǵᏢ ಞૈΚ)ǴϷΟᅿय़ӛ(Ўϯǵ‫ڐ‬ፓǵᄬ‫ׯޑ)׎‬ᡂᆶΟᅿᜢᗖၗྍ(Γဂǵၗૻǵ‫מ‬ ೌ)‫ޑ‬ख़ཥթ࿿բࣁ௴୏ǵပჴᙯࠠሡा‫ݙ‬ཀ‫ޑ‬ाનǴӵკ 2-5ǵკ 2-6 ‫܌‬ҢǶ. 12.

(22) 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. n. al. er. io. sit. y. Nat. კ 2- 5Ǻ᏾ӝ฼ౣᙯࠠኳࠠ ၗ਑ٰྍǺVollman,1996, The Transformation Imperative, p. 47-114. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. კ 2- 6ǺThe Three Cs Prism ၗ਑ٰྍǺVollman,1996, The Transformation Imperative, p. 107-114. 13.

(23) (Β) ௃ნ᝼ᚒǺᜢ‫ܭ‬ಔᙃϣѦ೽ᕉნύ‫ޑ‬ቹៜӢન ಔᙃᡂॠ‫ޑ‬௃ნӢન౲ӭǶBarnettᆶCarroll(1995)ஒ௃ნӢનᘜࣁϣ೽Ӣη ᆶѦ೽ӢηǶϣ೽Ӣનх֖Ҿ཰ғ‫ຼڮ‬ය(Greiner 1972, Miller and Friesen 1984)ǵ ಔᙃᄍ‫(܄‬Hannan and Freeman 1984ǹKelly and Amburgey, 1991)ǵި៾่ᄬǵଯ ໘Ьᆅ៾Κ่ᄬǵၸѐख़ε٣ҹ฻฻Ƕ(৪ᖄৱǴ1996)Ѧ೽Ӣનх֖ᝡ‫ݾ‬ǵճ্ ᜢ߯Γ‫ޑ‬යࡑǵࣽ‫מ‬ว৖ǵࡹ۬ࡹ฼฻Ƕ(Mohrman, 1989)Ƕӵკ2-7‫܌‬ҢǴ߾ှ ញΑӚᅿಔᙃϣ೽Ӣηჹಔᙃᄍ‫ޑ܄‬ቹៜǶ. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學 კ 2- 7Ǻ่ᄬᄍ‫܄‬Ꮲᇥཷ‫ۺ‬. sit. y. Nat. ၗ਑ٰྍǺKelly and Amburgey, 1991, Organizational Inertia and Momentum: A. io. al. er. Dynamic Model of Strategic Change, p. 3-6. n. ԶLundberg(1984)߾ஒ௃ნӢન୔ϩࣁϣ೽చҹǵѦ೽చҹǵ໽ϯӢનǵ᝻ ว٣ҹǴӵკ2-8‫܌‬ҢǶ. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. კ 2- 8ǺεೕኳಔᙃᡂॠԋӢኳࠠ ၗ਑ٰྍǺLundberg, 1984, Strategies for Organizational Transitioning 14.

(24) ᆕӝа΢Ꮲ‫ޣ‬ፕॊǴҁࣴ‫ز‬ᇡࣁ௃ნӢનё୔ϩࣁѤᅿᜪࠠǺቹៜಔᙃว৖ ᆶᡂॠૈΚϐచҹӢન(ϣ೽Ӣનǵಔᙃᄍ‫܄‬ǵҾ཰ғ‫ຼڮ‬ය)ǵቹៜಔᙃғӸ‫ޜ‬ ໔ϐᕉნӢન(Ѧ೽చҹ)ǵቹៜಔᙃӣᔈᡂϯ୏ᐒ‫ޑ‬Ҟ኱Ӣન(ᕮਏᓸΚǵ៾Κ่ ᄬǵಔᙃᐕў)ǵߦ٬΢ॊΟᅿӢનε൯‫ׯ‬ᡂϐ٣ҹӢન(ࡹ۬ࡹ฼ǵࣽ‫מ‬ว৖ǵ ᕉნ‫ؠ‬ᜤǵᆅ౛Ӓᐒǵϣ೽ॠ‫ڮ‬ǵѦ೽ॠ‫)ڮ‬Ƕ (Ο) ำ‫ׇ‬᝼ᚒǺᜢ‫ܭ‬ीჄ‫܄‬ᡂॠϐ୺ՉՉ୏ ಔᙃᡂॠ‫ޑ‬ำ‫ׇ‬ёଓྉԿ‫཮ޗ‬Ј౛Ꮲ‫ ޣ‬Lewin(1951)ගр‫ޑ‬ᡂॠΟ‫؁‬ᡯǺ. 2.. 學. 3.. 政治大 ‫ׯ‬ᡂǺᏢಞཥ‫ޑ‬ՉࣁኳԄ 立 ှএǺගଯ‫ׯ‬ᡂ୏ᐒǵफ़ե‫ܔל‬. ‧ 國. 1.. ӆএ่ǺᎡ‫ڰ‬ཥ‫ޑ‬Չࣁಞᄍ. ‧. Kotter(1996)߾຾΋‫؁‬ගрᡂॠΖ‫؁‬ᡯǴԶ‫ځ‬ำ‫ޑׇ‬ϣ఼΢ᆶ Lewin ගр‫ޑ‬. 2.. ԋҥሦᏤი໗. n. al. er. ࡌҥӒᐒཀ᛽. io. 1.. sit. y. Nat. ᡂॠΟ‫؁‬ᡯ࣬՟Ǵՠ‫׳‬уֹ᏾‫ڀ‬ᡏǺ. Ch. engchi. 3.. ගрᜫඳ. 4.. ྎ೯ᡂॠᜫඳ. 5.. ௤៾঩πୖᆶ. 6.. ബ೷߈ำᏯ݀. 7.. Ꭱ‫ڰ‬Ꮿ݀٠ӆௗӆ቉. 8.. ᡣཥ଺‫ݤ‬ు෌Ҿ཰Ўϯύ. i n U. v. ᆕӝа΢ᢀᗺǴёа௢ፕӧᡂॠ‫߃ޑ‬යǴᡣಔᙃԋ঩ཀ᛽‫ډ‬ᡂॠ‫҅ޑ‬྽‫܄‬ 15.

(25) ᆶӝ౛‫࣬ࢂ܄‬྽ख़ा‫؁ޑ‬ᡯǶԶӧᡂॠ‫ޑ‬ύයǴ߾ሡ‫ז‬ೲࡌҥԋ݀уೲᏉᆫಔ ᙃԋ঩ϐӅ᛽ǵफ़եಔᙃԋ঩ϐ‫ܔל‬Ƕ٠ӧᡂॠ‫ࡕޑ‬යஒԋф‫ޑ‬ၮբኳԄ௢৖ ᘉණǴ٠೸ၸಔᙃ่ᄬǵಔᙃЎϯǵᕮਏ‫ࡋڋ‬ǵࡹ฼ᆶࢬำ฻Б‫ݤ‬Ǵமϯ٠Ꭱ ‫ڰ‬ᡂॠ‫ޑ‬ԋ݀Ƕ (Ѥ) ࡰ኱᝼ᚒǺᜢ‫ܭ‬ᡂॠԋ݀ϐຑ՗ࡰ኱ Burke ‫ ک‬Litwin(1992)ӣ៝ӚᏢ‫ޣ‬ගрಔᙃᡂॠ‫؁‬ᡯǴ٠ᇡࣁᡂॠԋ݀ϐຑ ՗ࡰ኱Ǵᔈ٩ྣόӕ୺Չ໘ࢤϐҞ‫ޑ‬όӕԶु‫ۓ‬Ǵҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛Ӛ໘ࢤҞ኱ӵკ 29 ‫܌‬ҢǶ. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學 er. io. sit. y. Nat. n. aკl 2- 9Ǻᡂॠ໘ࢤᆶ໘ࢤҞ኱i v n Ch U ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛ engchi. ಃΟ࿯ ߚᔼճಔᙃᙯࠠ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϐ௖૸ ΋ǵġߚᔼճಔᙃᙯࠠ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϐᜪࠠ Ц‫໋ޚ‬ǵᎄയϩǵֆ٫ᓄ(2013)ࣴ‫ز‬ύǴஒ୯ϣߚᔼճಔᙃ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϯϐ ᜪࠠ٩চಔᙃࠠᄊᘜᜪࣁѤᅿǺ (΋) ୷ߎ཮ࠠᄊ‫܌‬ว৖ϐ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ǺаБਢ‫׎‬Ԅჴᡍว৖Ǵԋфࡕ߾ ᙯࣁ٣཰೽ǵߕឦ٣཰ൂՏ‫׈܈‬ៈπ൑ǶՠΨԖҗဠ٣ӝၗԋҥ Ϧљࠠᄊၮբϐਢ‫ٯ‬Ƕ 16.

(26) (Β) ଄ი‫ݤ‬Γ‫཮ޗ‬ᅽճᐒᄬ‫܌‬ว৖ϐ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰Ǻӭኧа‫׈‬ៈπ൑‫׎‬Ԅ ว৖ǴՠΨԖҗဠ٣ӝၗԋҥϦљࠠᄊၮբϐਢ‫ٯ‬Ƕ (Ο) ‫ޗ‬ი‫ݤ‬Γ‫܌཮ڐ‬ว৖ϐ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰Ǻ‫ޗ‬ი‫ݤ‬Γэ‫ך‬୯ߚᔼճಔᙃК ‫ٯ‬നӭኧǶӭаБਢ‫׎‬Ԅ௢୏٠аϦљࠠᄊԋҥǶ (Ѥ) ӝբ‫܌ޗ‬ว৖ϐ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ᜪࠠǺӝբ‫ࢂޗ‬΋ঁ੝ਸ‫ޑ‬Γ҇იᡏ‫׎‬ ԄǴё‫ڀ‬ᎍ୧೤‫ނ‬ՉࣁǴа཮঩୍ܺࣁЬǶ٦Ԗᔼ཰ิխิϷ‫܌‬ ளิᓬඁǶόሡ‫ڀ‬ഢ‫ځ‬д‫ي‬ϩ‫܈‬ၮբኳԄǶ. 政治大 (΋) Бਢ࣬ᜢౢࠔǺᎍ୧ߚᔼճಔᙃԾՉว৖ϐౢࠔǶ 立. Skloot(1987)ஒߚᔼճಔᙃ୘཰ϯϐኳԄ٩ว৖ϐచҹᘜᜪࣁаΠϖᜪǺ. ‧ 國. 學. (Β) Бਢ࣬ᜢ‫୍ܺޑ‬Ǻ࿶җಔᙃխิ੝‫܄‬ග‫ٮ‬ၨᓬ෥ϐ୍ܺǶ. al. sit. io. (ϖ) ೬ᡏ଄ౢǺ໕࿼೬ᡏ଄ౢϐࢲҔǶ. er. Nat. (Ѥ) ฯᡏ଄ౢǺ໕࿼ฯᡏ଄ౢϐࢲҔǶ. y. ‧. (Ο) ᙍ঩‫ޑޣܺڙک‬ၗྍǺග‫ٮ‬ᙍ঩‫ޑޣܺڙک‬஑཰ૈΚǶ. n. v i n а΢‫ޣٿ‬ϩձаಔᙃࠠᄊᆶచҹᢀᗺ຾ՉᘜᜪǴӚԖ‫ځ‬ԋфਢ‫ٯ‬٩ᏵǴࣣ Ch engchi U. ёբࣁߚᔼճಔᙃ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϯϐୖԵǶ. Βǵġߚᔼճಔᙃᙯࠠ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰‫ޑ‬௃ნ᝼ᚒ Ц‫໋ޚ‬฻Γ(2013)ଞჹ୯ϣߚᔼճಔᙃ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϯ᝼ᚒ຾Չࣴ‫ز‬Ƕҁࣴ‫ز‬ஒ ௃ნ࣬ᜢ᝼ᚒ᏾౛ӵკ 2-10 ‫܌‬ҢǶԶ࣬ၨ‫ ܭ‬Lundberg(1984)‫܌‬ගр‫ޑ‬εೕኳಔ ᙃᡂॠԋӢኳࠠǴёว౜ߚᔼճಔᙃ‫཮ޗޑ‬Ҿ཰ϯӧ୏ᐒӢન΢ၨલЮȨӸΫӒ ᐒȩᏉᆫᡂॠӅ᛽ǴΨၨ٩ᒘȨࡹ۬ࡹ฼௢୏ȩ‫܌‬ග‫ޑٮ‬ᐒ཮ǹӧచҹӢન΢߾ ၨલЮӃᔈԄᡂॠ‫܌‬ሡϐȨഭᎩၗྍȩ Ƕ. 17.

(27) კ 2- 10Ǻߚᔼճಔᙃ‫཮ޗ‬Ҿ཰ϯϐ௃ნ᝼ᚒ ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. 政治大 ಃ 立Ѥ࿯ ஑ਢϐёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫݋‬. ‧ 國. 學. ΋ǵġёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫݋‬ϐ‫ۓ‬က. ‧. ྽ಔᙃय़ᖏᔼၮ‫ޑ‬ୢᚒ‫ࢂ܈‬ว౜ወӧᐒ཮ਔǴԶୢᚒ‫ک‬ᐒ཮‫ޑ‬ፄᚇࡋε‫ډ‬. sit. y. Nat. Ѹ໪‫׫‬ΕεໆΓΚǵ‫ނ‬Κ‫ک‬଄Κωૈ‫ڗ‬ளਏ݀ਔǴ൩ᔈԵቾа஑ਢ‫׎ޑ‬Ԅٰೀ. io. al. er. ౛ǶՠӢࣁಔᙃϐၗྍԖज़Ǵऩӕਔว౜೚ӭୢᚒ‫܈‬ᐒ཮Ԗࡑೀ౛ਔǴ߾ሡଞ. n. ჹ೭٤ୢᚒ‫܈‬ᐒ཮຾Չຑ՗Ǵа،‫ۓ‬ၗྍ‫׫ޑ‬Ε໩‫کׇ‬ୢᚒᐒ཮‫ڗޑ‬௭ǴԶ೭. Ch. engchi. ኬ‫ޑ‬ၸำᆀࣁ஑ਢёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫݋‬Ƕ(ፁࣿࡌǴ2013). i n U. v. Զ஑ਢёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫ޑ݋‬ЬाၸำӵΠკ 2-11 ‫܌‬ҢǴவ஑ਢ‫׎ۺཷ؁߃ޑ‬ԋ஑ ਢ૛ਢ(Project Proposal)Ǵ࿶ၸಔᙃ฼ౣҞ኱ϐᑔᒧࡕǴӆ‫׎‬ԋ஑ਢྍҗ(Business Case)၁ॊ၀஑ਢӸӧϐѸा‫܄‬Ǵа‫ڗ‬ள஑ਢᜢ߯Γϐᇡӕ٠‫׫‬Εၗྍ୺ՉǶ(ፁ ࣿࡌǴ2013). 18.

(28) 政治大 კ 2- 11Ǻ஑ਢёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫݋‬ၸำ 立. ‧ 國. 學. ၗ਑ٰྍǺ᚟ߋࡌǴ2013Ǵ஑ਢᆅ౛Ǻ΋૓஑ਢᆅ౛‫ޕ‬᛽ᡏ‫س‬Ǵ। 49 ΒǵġёՉ‫܄‬ຑ՗ϐБ‫ݤ‬. ‧. Clifton ᆶ Fyffe(1977)ᇡࣁीჄ‫ޑ‬ёՉ‫܄‬ຑ՗ᔈԖѱ൑ϩ‫݋‬ǵ‫ೌמ‬ϩ‫݋‬ǵ଄୍. y. Nat. io. sit. ϩ‫݋‬฻Οঁख़ा‫؁‬ᡯǴӵΠკ 2-12 ‫܌‬ҢǶ‫ځ‬ϣ఼ࣁ೸ၸӃຑ՗ѱ൑ወӧሡ‫ࡕ؃‬Ǵ. n. al. er. ຑ՗ග‫ٮ‬ౢࠔǵ୍ܺᅈ‫ى‬ሡ‫܌؃‬ሡࡌ࿼ϐᔼၮϣ৒Ǵനࡕଞჹᔼၮϣ৒຾Չ଄୍. Ch. i n U. v. ႣෳǶԶჹ‫ൂ۬ࡹܭ‬ՏԶ‫ق‬Ǵӧ຾Չֹа΢Οঁ‫؁‬ᡯࡕǴሡຎ௃‫ݩ‬ӆ຾Չ‫཮ޗ‬ᕇ. engchi. ճૈΚϩ‫݋‬Ǵаᔠຎ၀ीჄࢂցૈၲԋࡹ۬ൂՏ‫ׯ‬๓ϦӅᅽࣸ‫ޑ‬Ҟ኱Ƕ љ২ၲ፣(2011)ගр‫ޑ‬฼ౣࡘԵำ‫ޑׇ‬Б‫ݤ‬Ǵᇡࣁӧ຾ՉБਢᒧ᏷߻ǴᔈӃ ᔠᡍӚঁБਢჹҞ኱ಔӝ‫ޑ‬ᅈ‫ى‬ำࡋǴӆ‫פ‬р٠ᡍ᛾ӚঁБਢၲԋ‫܌‬ሡϐᕉნ߻ ගǵచҹ߻ගǴаԜ଺ࣁБਢᒧ᏷ϐ٩ᏵǶ ‫ځ‬ύѱ൑ϩ‫݋‬ǵ‫ೌמ‬ϩ‫݋‬ǵ଄୍ϩ‫݋‬฻Οঁ‫؁‬ᡯ࣬྽‫ܭ‬ᕉნ߻ගϐᡍ᛾ǴԶ ‫཮ޗ‬ᕇճૈΚϩ‫࣬݋‬྽‫ܭ‬Ҟ኱ಔӝᅈ‫ى‬ำࡋϐᡍ᛾Ǵࣁ٩Ᏽ،฼Ьᡏᐱ੝ϐҞ኱ ಔӝ‫܌‬຾Չ੝‫ۓ‬य़ӛϐϩ‫݋‬ǶԶచҹ߻ගБय़Ǵ߾ሡ٩ྣБਢϣ৒όӕǴѐຑ՗. 19.

(29) ಔᙃӧ୺ՉБਢ΢‫܌‬ᏱԖϐచҹࢂց‫୼ى‬Ƕ. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. Nat. n. sit er. io. ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. al. y. კ 2- 12ǺीჄёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫ࢬ݋‬ำკ. i n U. v. Զ஑ਢᆅ౛΢߾ஒёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫ޑ݋‬Б‫ݤ‬ϩࣁΜ΋໨ǴӵΠკ 2-13 ‫܌‬ҢǶԶ೭. Ch. engchi. Μ΋໨Б‫ݤ‬ϐϣ৒ӵΠǺ(᚟ࣿࡌǴ2013ǹէЎቺǴ2015) (΋) ‫ೌמ‬ёՉ‫܄‬ǺࡰಔᙃࢂցᏱԖ୺Չ၀஑ਢ‫܌‬ሡ‫ೌמޑ‬ǴхࡴΓ঩ ‫ૈޑ‬Κ‫ೌמک‬ԋዕࡋǶ (Β) ᆅ౛ёՉ‫܄‬Ǻхࡴ୺Չ၀஑ਢ‫܌‬ሡा‫ޑ‬ಔᙃࢬำ‫ک‬ᆅ౛ࢎᄬǶ (Ο) ࿶ᔮёՉ‫܄‬Ǻࡰ஑ਢ‫ޑ‬ᕇճૈΚǴх֖ԋҁਏ੻ϩ‫݋‬ǵཞ੻ѳᑽ ϩ‫݋‬ǵϣ೽ൔၿ౗‫ݤ‬ǵӣԏԃය‫ݤ‬฻Ƕ (Ѥ) ᑼၗёՉ‫܄‬Ǻࡰ‫ڗ‬ள஑ਢ‫܌‬ሡၗߎ‫ޑ‬ёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫݋‬Ǵࣁεࠠ‫׫‬ၗ஑ ਢόёՉ‫ޑ‬ЬाচӢϐ΋ǶதҔຑ՗Б‫ݤ‬хࡴճ৲ߥም७ኧǵߏ 20.

(30) ໸К౗ǵԾᓭ౗฻Ƕ (ϖ) ࡹ‫ݯ‬ёՉ‫܄‬Ǻх֖ϣ೽ӢનϷѦ೽ӢનǴϣ೽ӢનࣁӢಔᙃϣ೽ ៾Κ่ᄬԶቹៜ஑ਢԋҥᆶၗྍ‫ڗ‬ளϐӢηǹѦ೽Ӣન߾ࢂࡰ୔ ୱϣϐࡹ‫ݯ‬იᡏᆶঁΓǴᔈҔ‫ځ‬ቹៜΚቹៜ஑ਢϐ୺ՉǶӧϦӅ ஑ਢǵၗྍ௨ᔒਏᔈεǵૈ‫ࡋـ‬ଯǵ‫׫‬ၗߎᚐӭϐ஑ਢύ੝ձख़ ाǶ (Ϥ) ᕉნёՉ‫܄‬Ǻࡰჹᕉნ҉ុ‫܄‬೷ԋቹៜ‫ޑ‬ӢηǶ. 政治大 ᝡ‫୏ޑޣݾ‬ᄊǵౢࠔሽ਱‫୏ݢޑ‬฻Ƕ 立. (Ύ) ѱ൑ёՉ‫܄‬Ǻࡰѱ൑ሡ‫؃‬ჹ஑ਢϐወӧቹៜǴхࡴሡ‫ޑ؃‬ᡂϯǵ. ‧ 國. 學. (Ζ) ӼӄёՉ‫܄‬Ǻࡰ୺Չ஑ਢਔჹ஑ਢԋ঩‫܈‬ճ্ᜢ߯Γ‫ޑ‬Ӽӄ࠶ુ ำࡋǶ٩Ᏽౢ཰ձ‫ޑ‬όӕதԖόӕ‫ޑ‬Ӽӄሡ‫؃‬Ƕ. ‧. (ΐ) ‫཮ޗ‬ёՉ‫܄‬Ǻࡰ‫୔܈୔ޗ‬ୱჹ‫୺ܭ‬Չ၀஑ਢ‫ޑ‬ቹៜǶӵΓ঩‫ޑ‬อ. y. Nat. er. io. sit. લǵ஑ਢԋ঩‫׎཮ޗޑ‬ຝǵѦ೽ᜢ߯Γ‫ߔޑ‬ᛖ฻Ƕ (Μ) ЎϯёՉ‫܄‬Ǻࡰ஑ਢࢲ୏ᆶ౜Ԗ஑ਢᕉნ‫ޑ‬፾ଛำࡋǴӵᇟ‫ق‬ǵ. al. n. v i n ‫ے‬௲ߞһǵғࢲಞᄍ฻ቹៜ஑ਢ‫ޑ‬ЎϯӢનǶӧၠ୯஑ਢ‫܈‬ӭЎ Ch engchi U ϯ஑ਢი໗੝ձख़ाǶ. (Μ΋) ‫ځ‬дёՉ‫܄‬Ǻϩ‫ک݋‬੝‫ۓ‬஑ਢԖᜢ‫ځޑ‬д٣໨ёՉ‫܄‬Ƕ. 21.

(31) 立. 政治大. io. sit. y. ‧. ‧ 國. 學. Nat. კ 2- 13Ǻ஑ਢёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫݋‬Б‫ݤ‬. n. al. er. ၗ਑ٰྍǺ᚟ࣿࡌǴ2013Ǵ஑ਢᆅ౛Ǻ΋૓஑ਢᆅ౛‫ޕ‬᛽ᡏ‫س‬Ǵ। 50. Ch. engchi. 22. i n U. v.

(32) ಃΟക. ࣴ‫ز‬೛ी. ಃ΋࿯ ࣴ‫ز‬Б‫ݤ‬ ҁࣴ‫ز‬௦Ҕঁਢࣴ‫(ݤز‬Case Study Method)Ǵ೸ၸుࡋೖፋϷԛભၗ਑ϐᇆ ໣฻Б‫ݤ‬ǴᙖԜΑှঁਢҾ཰‫܌‬ೀϐ࿶ᔼᕉნᆶว৖ᐕำǶԶᜢ‫ঁܭ‬ਢࣴ‫ݤز‬ ϐ‫ۓ‬ကǴҗ୯ϣᏢ‫ޣ‬ֆᒸ‫ݢ‬ǵጰ஖౰ஒ‫ځ‬᏾౛ӵ߄ 3-1 ‫܌‬ҢǶ ߄ 3- 1Ǻঁਢࣴ‫ز‬ϐ‫ۓ‬က. 治 ‫ۓ‬က 政 ଞჹࢌ٤ಔᙃ଺ቶ‫ݱ‬ǵ၁ಒቩຎ‫௶ޑ‬ॊǴ٠‫׆‬ఈਂਆ 大立 ख़ा‫ޑ‬ୢᚒፄᚇ‫܄‬ǴؒԖ٬Ҕჴᡍ೛ी‫܈‬௓‫ڋ‬Ƕ. Ꮲ‫ޣ‬ Van Horn(1973). ‧ 國. 學. ঁਢؒԖჴᡍ೛ीᆶჴᡍ௓‫ڋ‬Ǵё‫ـ‬ளঁਢࣴ‫ز‬٠ؒ Ԗܴᡉ‫ޑ‬Ӄ߻ीჄǴΨό཮ѐᏹᕵ‫ࢎޣ܈‬ᄬࣴ‫ز‬ᕉ ნǶ. Buckley(1976). ‧. Harrison(1988) Kling & Lancono(1984). ၁ಒቩຎൂ΋ಔᙃǵဂᡏ‫سޣ܈‬಍ǹؒԖᡂኧᏹ௓ǵ ჴᡍ೛ी‫܈‬௓‫ൂ(ڋ‬΋ঁਢ)Ƕ. y. Nat. sit. er. io. Olson(1983) Boynton & ၁ಒቩຎӭঁಔᙃ‫܈‬ᕉნǺؒԖᡂኧᏹ௓ǵჴᡍ೛ी ‫܈‬௓‫(ڋ‬ӭঁঁਢ)Ƕ Zmud(1984) ჹ‫ൂܭ‬΋ಔᙃ‫ޑ‬ቩࢗǴؒԖჴᡍ೛ी‫܈‬௓‫ڋ‬Ƕ Vogel &. al. v i n Ch ঁਢࣴ‫ࢂز‬΋ঁჴ᛾ࣴ‫ز‬Ƕ engchi U ӧჴሞғࢲᕉნύࣴ‫ز‬྽߻‫ޑ‬౜ຝǶ. n. Wetherbe(1984). Yin(1984). ‫ځ‬౜ຝᆶᕉნϐ໔‫ࣚޑ‬ጕ٠όమཱᡉ๱Ƕ ٬Ҕӭᅿٰྍၗ਑Ƕ ӧԾฅᕉნύቩຎ΋ঁ౜ຝǶ. Benbasat, Goldstein & Mead(1987). ٬Ҕӭᅿၗ਑ԏ໣Б‫ݤ‬வ΋ঁ‫܈‬ӭঁჴᡏ(Γǵဂᡏ ‫܈‬ಔᙃ)ԏ໣࣬ᜢၗૻǶ ӧࣴ‫ޑز‬ന߃යᕉნ‫ࣚޑ‬ጕ٠όమཱᡉ๱Ƕ ؒԖჴᡍ௓‫܈ڋ‬ᏹ‫׋‬Ƕ. ၗ਑ٰྍǺ஭ಏᏌǴ2004Ǵࣴ‫ز‬Б‫ݤ‬Ǵ। 288. 23.

(33) ಃΒ࿯ ၗ਑ᇆ໣Б‫ݤ‬ ӵΠკ 3-1 ‫܌‬ҢǴҁࣴ‫ز‬ϐၗ਑ٰྍϩࣁ߃ભၗ਑ᆶԛભၗ਑‫ٿ‬ᅿǶ߃ભ ၗ਑ϐٰྍࣁ೸ၸుࡋೖፋ‫ڗ‬ளǴుࡋೖፋϐჹຝх֖Ҳ‫཮ޗ཮ߎ୷ث‬Ҿ཰‫ݤ‬ Γᝢഢೀϐᇶ‫ڀ‬஑ਢԋ঩‫ٿ‬Ӝǵಃ΋ᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈϐЬҺϷಃ΋ᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈϐπቷॄ ೢΓǴᕴीѤӜǶԶԛભၗ਑ϐٰྍࣁঁਢϦљග‫زࣴ܈ٮ‬Ў᝘ϐ᏾౛‫ڗ‬ளǶ. 政治大. 立კ 3- 1Ǻၗ਑ᇆ໣Б‫ݤ‬. ‧ 國. 學. ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. ‧. ಃΟ࿯ ࣴ‫ࢎز‬ᄬ. Nat. sit. y. ҁࣴ‫ز‬Ьा᏾౛Ҳ‫཮ޗ཮ߎ୷ث‬Ҿ཰ᝢഢೀϐᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺीჄၗ਑Ǵ٠ଞ. n. al. er. io. ჹ၀ᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺϐБਢ຾ՉёՉ‫܄‬ຑ՗Ƕ. i n U. v. ୖԵ Clifton ᆶ Fyffe(1986)ϐीჄ‫ޑ‬ёՉ‫܄‬ϩ‫ࢎ݋‬ᄬǴҁࣴ‫ز‬ϐࣴ‫ࢎز‬ᄬϩ. Ch. engchi. ࣁΟঁᄬय़Ǻѱ൑ᄬय़ǵ‫ೌמ‬ᄬय़ǵ଄୍ᄬय़ǶӃଞჹѱ൑ᄬय़຾Չϩ‫݋‬ǴႣෳ ѱ൑ϐወӧሡ‫؃‬Ǵ٠ጓᔕᎍ୧ीჄǶӧᎍ୧ीჄֹԋࡕǴջаԜᎍ୧Ⴃෳࣁ୷ᘵ ӆϩ‫ೌמ݋‬ᄬय़Ǵᒧ᏷ёՉϐғౢБਢᅈ‫ى‬၀ᎍ୧ीჄ٠ࣴᔕғౢीჄǶനࡕ٩ Ᏽ၀ғౢीჄϐϣ৒຾Չ଄୍ႣෳǴх֖ཞ੻ǵ౜ߎࢬໆǵၗౢॄ໸฻଄୍ᄬय़ ‫ޑ‬ႣෳǶ. კ 3- 2Ǻࣴ‫ࢎز‬ᄬ ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛ 24.

(34) ಃѤക. ঁਢϟಏ. ಃ΋࿯ ᇶ‫ڀ‬ౢ཰ϐཷ‫ݩ‬ ΋ǵġᇶ‫ڀ‬ϐ‫ۓ‬က ᒿ๱‫཮ޗ‬ᕉნᆶࣽ‫ޑמ‬ᡂᎂǴΓॺ‫ޑ‬ғࢲࠠᄊΨวғΑ‫ׯ‬ᡂǶଯសᆶѨૈ‫ޣ‬ ό໻යࡑૈ೸ၸᙴᕍࣽ‫מ‬஥ٰტ‫ߏۯޑڮ‬ǴӕਔΨයࡑᙖ๱ࣽ‫ڐޑמ‬շǴԶᡣғ ࢲૈ୼‫׳‬уᐱҥԾЬǴᇶ‫מࣽڀ‬ӢԜԶጲࠁว৖Ƕᇶ‫מࣽڀ‬೛ीҔ‫ڐܭ‬շᏱԖ੝. 政治大 ߦ٬ଯសᆶѨૈ௼ဂૈᆢ࡭‫཮ޗ‬ǵ࿶ᔮࢲ୏‫ୖޑ‬ᆶǴගϲ‫ځ‬ғࢲࠔ፦Ƕ 立. ‫ۓ‬Ѩૈ‫ޑݩރ‬Ѩૈ‫ޣ‬Ǵ‫ޣ܈‬ӢԴϯԶวғ΋૓фૈ૰ଏ‫ݩރ‬Ƕᙖҗᇶ‫ڐޑڀ‬շǴ. ‧ 國. 學. ਥ Ᏽ ऍ ୯ ᇶ շ ࣽ ‫ ݤ מ‬ਢ 1 2004 ԃ Ϧ Ѳ ‫ ޑ‬ჹ ᇶ շ ࣽ ‫ מ‬೛ ഢ (Assistive Technology Device) ‫ۓޑ‬ကǺคፕࢂ࿶җᖼວǵ‫ׯ‬း‫࠼܈‬ᇙϯǴҔբቚ຾ǵᆢ࡭. ‧. ‫ׯ܈‬๓Ѩૈ‫ޣ‬фૈૈΚ‫ޑ‬ҺՖ‫ࠔނ‬ǵ೛ഢ‫܈‬ౢࠔ‫س‬಍ǶЪคፕ‫ޑמࣽځ‬ଯեǴࣣ. y. Nat. sit. ‫ۓ‬ကࣁᇶշࣽ‫מ‬೛ഢǶԶӧ୯ϣǴϣࡹ೽‫܌‬Ϧ֋‫ޑ‬ȨCNS 15390 ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫ޣ‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬. n. al. er. io. -ϩᜪᆶೌᇟȩ2‫ۓ‬ကᇶ‫ࣁڀ‬Ǻ੝ձғౢ‫܈‬΋૓Ҕ‫ܭ‬Ⴃٛǵံᓭǵᅱෳǵ෧ᇸ‫܈‬጗. i n U. v. ‫ک‬ᐒૈཞ໾ǵࢲ୏ज़‫ୖکڋ‬ᆶ߳ज़‫ޑ‬ҺՖౢࠔǴхࡴး࿼ǵ೛ഢǵሺᏔǵ‫کೌמ‬ ೬ᡏǶ. Ch. engchi. Βǵġᇶ‫ڀ‬ϐϩᜪ ‫ך‬୯ȨCNS 15390ȩ٩Ᏽᇶ‫ޑڀ‬ЬाҺ୍фૈஒϐϩࣁ 11 εᜪ3ǴϩձࢂǺ ঁΓᙴᕍᇶ‫ڀ‬ǵ‫૽ૈמ‬ግᇶ‫ڀ‬ǵᕖ‫ڀ‬ᆶက‫ڀ‬ǵঁΓྣ៝ᆶߥៈᇶ‫ڀ‬ǵঁΓՉ୏ᇶ ‫ڀ‬ǵۚৎғࢲᇶ‫ڀ‬ǵՐৎϷ‫ځ‬д൑‫܌‬ϐৎ‫ڀ‬ᆶ‫ׯ‬းಔҹǵྎ೯ᆶၗૻᇶ‫ڀ‬ǵ‫ࠔނ‬ ᆶး࿼ೀ౛ᇶ‫ڀ‬ǵπ‫ڀ‬ǵᐒᏔᆶᕉნ‫ׯ‬๓ᇶ‫ڀ‬ǵҶ໕ᇶ‫ڀ‬฻ǶѠ᡼ᇶ‫ڀ‬ϩᜪϐಒ. 1 2 3. Assistive Technology Act. Retrieved from http://www.parentcenterhub.org/repository/ata/ Ȩᇡ᛽ CNS 15390ȩ-ፁғᅽճ೽‫཮ޗ‬Ϸৎ৥࿿ http://repat.sfaa.gov.tw/cns/inside_01.asp Ȩεᜪԛᜪཥຎഁȩ-ፁғᅽճ೽‫཮ޗ‬Ϸৎ৥࿿ http://repat.sfaa.gov.tw/cns/index.asp. 25.

(35) ໨ୖԵ߄ 4-1Ƕ ߄ 4- 1ǺѠ᡼ᇶ‫ڀ‬ϩᜪಒ໨ᇥܴ߄ εϩᜪ. ԛϩᜪ (1)‫ݯ֎ڥ‬ᕍᇶ‫( ڀ‬2)ൻᕉ‫ݯ‬ᕍᇶ‫( ڀ‬3)Ӏᕍᇶ‫ڀ‬. ঁΓᙴᕍᇶ‫ڀ‬. (4)೸‫ݯ݋‬ᕍᇶ‫( ڀ‬5)ᛰࠔ‫ٮ‬๏ᆶ‫׫‬ϒᇶ‫ڀ‬ (6)੃ࢥ೛ഢ (7)‫ي‬ᡏǵғ౛ᆶғϯ၂ᡍ೛ഢϷ‫׷‬਑ (8)ᇡ‫ޕ‬ෳᡍᆶຑ՗‫׷‬਑ (9)‫ڈ‬ᐟᏔ (10)዗ᕍ‫܈‬հᕍᇶ‫( ڀ‬11)Ⴃٛᓸየᇶ‫ל(ڀ‬ᓸየ) (12)‫ޕ‬᝺૽ግᇶ‫( ڀ‬13)ຎ᝺૽ግᇶ‫ڀ‬ (14)ૉࢊ౐Їᇶ‫( ڀ‬15)୏բǵԼΚᆶѳᑽ૽ግ೛ഢ (16)Ҝጥ‫ݯ‬ᕍᇶ‫ڀ‬. 治政 (3)ελߡ௓‫૽ڋ‬ግᇶ‫( ڀ‬4)ᇡ‫૽ૈמޕ‬ግᇶ‫ڀ‬ 大立 (5)୷ҁ‫૽ૈמ‬ግᇶ‫ڀ‬ (6)Ӛᅿ௲‫ػ‬Ꮲࣽ૽ግᇶ‫ڀ‬. (1)ྎ೯‫ݯ‬ᕍᆶ૽ግᇶ‫( ڀ‬2)ќᜪᆶᘉεྎ೯૽ግᇶ‫ڀ‬. ‧ 國. 學. ‫૽ૈמ‬ግᇶ‫( ڀ‬7)ᙍ཰૽ግᇶ‫( ڀ‬8)᛬ೌ૽ግᇶ‫ڀ‬ (9)‫ޗ‬Ҭ‫૽ૈמ‬ግᇶ‫ڀ‬. (10)ᒡΕൂϡ௓‫ڋ‬ᆶౢࠔϷ೤‫ނ‬ೀ౛૽ግᇶ‫ڀ‬. ‧. (11)Вதғࢲࢲ୏૽ግᇶ‫ڀ‬. (1)ૉࢊᕖ‫( ڀ‬2)ဎ೽ᕖ‫( ڀ‬3)΢ަᕖ‫ڀ‬Ȑऀᔎ‫يܭ‬΢ȑ. y. Nat. sit. n. al. er. io. ᕖ‫ڀ‬ᆶက‫ڀ‬. (4)΢ަᕖ‫ڀ‬Ȑߚऀᔎ‫يܭ‬΢ȑ (5)Πަᕖ‫سڀ‬಍ (6)фૈ‫܄‬ઓ࿶ԼԺ(ႝ)‫ڈ‬ᐟᏔᆶషӝᕖ‫سڀ‬಍ (7)΢ަကަ‫س‬಍ (8)ऍᢀ΢ަကަ (9)Πަကަ‫س‬಍. i n U. v. (10)ऍᢀΠަကަ (11)ߚကަϐက‫ڀ‬ (12)ᕖ҅Ꭰ (13)ᚑय़ᕖ‫( ڀ‬14)УࣽҔᕖ‫ڀ‬. Ch. engchi. (1)Պ‫ނ‬ᆶᎠη (2)ऀᔎ‫يܭ‬΢ϐៈ‫ڀ‬ (3)‫يۓڰ‬ᡏᇶ‫ڀ‬Ȑߚऀᔎ‫يܭ‬΢ȑ (4)ऀ๱Ҕᇶ‫ڀ‬ (5)ӵ൵Ҕᇶ‫( ڀ‬6)਻Ϫೌࡕྣ៝Ҕᇶ‫ڀ‬ (7)೷αೌࡕྣ៝Ҕᇶ‫( ڀ‬8)Ҝጥߥៈᆶమዅౢࠔ ঁΓྣ៝ᆶߥ (9)ֿనᏤЇᏔ (10)ֿనԏ໣Ꮤ (11)֎ԏֿనᆶᕨߡᇶ‫ڀ‬ ៈᇶ‫ڀ‬. (12)ٛЗόԾЬӦᅅֿϷ/‫܈‬ᅅߡϐᇶ‫ڀ‬ (13)మࢱǵ‫؍‬੎ᆶర੎ᇶ‫( ڀ‬14)অࡰҘᆶঅ೩Ҙᇶ‫ڀ‬ (15)ᓐᎳྣ៝Ҕᇶ‫( ڀ‬16)УᏁྣ៝Ҕᇶ‫ڀ‬ (17)ᖍ೽ᆶҜጥྣ៝Ҕᇶ‫( ڀ‬18)ໆෳ‫ي‬ᡏᆶғ౛‫ރ‬ᄊϐᇶ‫ڀ‬ (19)‫୏ࢲ܄‬Ҕᇶ‫ڀ‬. (1)ൂᖉᏹբ‫؁‬Չᇶ‫( ڀ‬2)ᚈᖉᏹբ‫؁‬Չᇶ‫ڀ‬ ঁΓՉ୏ᇶ‫( ڀ‬3)‫؁‬Չᇶ‫ڀ‬ଛҹ (4)ًؓ (5)ًؓ‫ׯ‬းҔಔҹ (6)ႝ୏ԾՉًᆶነԎً (7)፺ً (8)ΓΚ០୏፺ශ 26.

(36) (9)୏Κ፺ශ (10)፺ශଛҹ (11)ً፶ (12)౽Տᆶᙌ‫ي‬Ҕᇶ‫ڀ‬ (13)ϲफ़ᇶ‫( ڀ‬14)‫ۓ‬Տ(‫ۓ‬ӛ)ᇶ‫ڀ‬ (1)ྗഢ१‫ނ‬ᆶ໯਑Ҕᇶ‫( ڀ‬2)ᓓ‫ڀ‬మࢱҔᇶ‫ڀ‬ ۚৎғࢲᇶ‫( ڀ‬3)໯१Ҕᇶ‫( ڀ‬4)‫ࡂ܊‬మ௟Ҕᇶ‫ڀ‬ (5)ጓᇙᆶߥᎦતᙃࠔҔᇶ‫ڀ‬ (1)ਫη (2)ྣܴး࿼ (3)֤Ԅৎ‫( ڀ‬4)‫׉‬ ՐৎϷ‫ځ‬д൑ (5)ৎ‫ڀ‬ଯࡋፓ᏾ᇶ‫( ڀ‬6)Ѝኖး࿼ ‫܌‬ϐৎ‫ڀ‬ᆶ‫( ׯ‬7)εߐǵߐǵืЊᆶืᛚ໒ᜢᏔ းಔҹ (8)ՐৎϷ‫ځ‬д൑‫܌‬ϐࡌᄬाન (9)ቚமࠟ‫ޔ‬ё߈‫܄‬Ҕᇶ‫ڀ‬ (10)ՐৎϷ‫ځ‬д൑‫܌‬ϐӼӄ೛ഢ (11)ຟᙒҔৎ‫ڀ‬ (1)ຎ᝺ᇶ‫( ڀ‬2)᠋᝺ᇶ‫( ڀ‬3)วᖂᇶ‫( ڀ‬4)ᛤკᆶਜቪᇶ‫ڀ‬ (5)ीᆉҔᇶ‫( ڀ‬6)ೀ౛᠋᝺ǵຎ᝺ᆶᒵቹၗૻϐᇶ‫ڀ‬ ྎ೯ᆶၗૻᇶ (7)य़ჹय़ྎ೯ᇶ‫( ڀ‬8)ႝ၉٬Ҕᇶ‫(ڀ‬Ϸႝૻ) ‫ڀ‬ (9)᝾ҢǵࡰҢᆶߞဦᇶ‫( ڀ‬10)᎙᠐ᇶ‫( ڀ‬11)ႝတᆶಖᆄᐒ (12)ႝတϐᒡΕး࿼ (13)ႝတϐᒡрး࿼. 政治大. 立. (1)଺૶ဦ‫׷‬਑ᆶπ‫( ڀ‬2)৒Ꮤೀ౛ᇶ‫ڀ‬. ‧ 國. 學. ‧. (3)ᏹբϷ/‫܈‬௓‫ڋ‬း࿼ϐᇶ‫( ڀ‬4)ᇿ௓ᇶ‫ڀ‬ ‫ࠔނ‬ᆶး࿼ೀ (5)‫ڐ‬շϷ/‫܈‬ඹжЋᖉǵЋ‫܈‬Ћࡰфૈϐᇶ‫ڀ‬ ౛ᇶ‫ڀ‬ (6)՜ߏ‫ނڗ‬Ҕᇶ‫( ڀ‬7)ᘍ‫ܫ‬Ҕᇶ‫( ڀ‬8)‫ۓڰ‬Ҕᇶ‫ڀ‬ (9)ख़ཥᘍ‫ܫ‬ᆶଆӖҔᇶ‫( ڀ‬10)ឫ஥ᆶၮଌҔᇶ‫ڀ‬. y. Nat. (11)π཰ၮଌً፶ (12)ᒡଌး࿼ (13)ଆख़ᐒ. sit. al. er. io. π‫ڀ‬ǵᐒᏔᆶ (1)ᕉნ‫ׯ‬๓ᇶ‫( ڀ‬2)ໆෳሺᏔ (3)πբҔৎ‫ڀ‬ ᕉნ‫ׯ‬๓ᇶ‫( ڀ‬4)੝ਸπբҔЋᏹբπ‫( ڀ‬5)ᐒᏔϷ୏Κπ‫ڀ‬ᆶߕҹ. v. n. (1)‫( ڀވ‬2)ၯᔍ (3)ၮ୏ᆶᝡᖻҔᇶ‫( ڀ‬4)኷Ꮤ (5)ᇙբྣТǵቹТᆶᒵቹ஥Ҕᇶ‫ڀ‬ Ҷ໕ᇶ‫ڀ‬. Ch. engchi. (6)Ћπ᛬π‫ڀ‬ǵ‫׷‬਑ᆶ೛ഢ. i n U. (7)࠻ϣᆶЊѦ༜᛬Ҕπ‫ڀ‬ǵ‫׷‬਑ᆶ೛ഢ (8)࣍ᘪᆶਂഄങҔᇶ‫( ڀ‬9)៛ᔼᆶഁѦࢲ୏ՐࡂҔᇶ‫ڀ‬ (10)‫ܜ‬๨Ҕᇶ‫( ڀ‬11)ྣ៝ᚲ‫ނ‬Ҕᇶ‫ڀ‬ ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. ΟǵġѠ᡼ᇶ‫ڀ‬ѱ൑ϐሡ‫؃‬ᆶ‫ٮ‬๏ Ѡ᡼҅ᗌΕଯស‫཮ޗ‬4ǴਥᏵϣࡹ೽಍ीೀၗ਑Ǵ65 ྃа΢ϐԴΓΓα 2015 ԃۭी 2,938,579 ΓǴэᕴΓαК‫ ٯ‬12.50%ǴႣी‫ ډ‬2025 ԃԴΓΓαஒ՞ 20%Ǵ. 4. 65 ྃа΢ԴԃΓαэᕴΓαК‫ٯ‬ၲ‫ ډ‬14%ਔᆀࣁଯស‫཮ޗ‬Ƕ. 27.

(37) ຾Εຬଯស‫཮ޗ‬5ǶԶ‫ي‬ЈምᛖΓኧǴਥᏵፁғᅽճ೽಍ीೀၗ਑ǴᄒԿ 2016 ԃ ಃ΋‫ۑ‬ሦԖ‫ي‬ЈምᛖЋн‫ޣ‬ीԖ 1,157,731 ΓǴ՞ᕴΓαК‫ ࣁٯ‬4.93%Ƕ ࡹ۬ံշБय़ǴਥᏵ‫׵‬లृǵֆੀᏂǵ᝵ဃЎ(2014)‫زࣴޑ‬6Ǵࡹ۬ံշߎᚐ ՗ी՞୯ϣᇶ‫ڀ‬ѱ൑ऊ 28%ౢॶǴऩीΕߚեԏΕЊ‫ޑ‬ъᚐံշ೽ϩǴ߾‫ځ‬ቹៜ ѱ൑ၲ 73.6%ǶԶ 2014 ԃӚᑜѱ‫ֽ཮ޗ‬ᇶ‫ံڀ‬շЍрӝीςၲཥѠჾ 7.02 ሹϡǴ ‫ځ‬ύᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬ᜪ՞К 90.3%ၲ 6.34 ሹϡǶӚ໨Ҟ಍ीӵ߄ 4-2 ‫܌‬ҢǶ ߄ 4- 2Ǻ2014 ԃࡋ‫ֽ཮ޗ‬ᇶ‫ံڀ‬շЍрᆶΓԛϩ໨಍ी ϩᜪ. ံշߎᚐ(ϡ). Ⴃٛᓸየᇶ‫ڀ‬ Չ୏‫܈‬Տ౽ᇶ‫ڀ‬. 立. 18,507 27,989 10,687. ᕖ‫܈ڀ‬က‫ڀ‬. 115,993,928. 16.5%. 7,261. คምᛖ‫ׯ‬๓. 57,057,897. 8.12%. 13,578. ຎ᝺ᇶ‫ڀ‬. 18,031,536. 2.57%. 1,630. 9,793,819. 1.39%. 2,705. 4,949,424. 0.70%. 873. 702,794,538. 100.00%. 83,230. io. al. ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. sit. ӝी. Nat. ྎ೯ᇶ‫ڀ‬. er. ‫ځ‬д. ‧ 國. 17.17%. 學. 120,696,882. y. 治 28.48% 政200,175,458 176,095,594 大 25.06%. ံշΓԛ. ‧. ᠋᝺ᇶ‫ڀ‬. ߎᚐК‫ٯ‬. n. v i n Ch ‫ٮ‬๏य़Бय़ǴਥᏵπ཰‫زࣴೌמ‬ଣр‫ހ‬ϐᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬ౢ཰ԃ᠘ǴᇶշᆶᔆံҔ engchi U ᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬ౢ཰ϐၗ਑ύǴѠ᡼ 2014 ԃϐрαॶࣁཥѠჾ 189.3 ሹϡǴ຾αॶ 145.3 ሹϡǶ‫ځ‬ύ॥ᓀ฻ભၨଯ‫يޑ‬ᡏӚ೽Տᔆံ‫ނ‬ǴӢ຾ΕߐᘖၨଯǴӭа຾αࣁЬǶ Զрα߾аᗦ‫׎‬౳᜔ϷՉ୏ᇶ‫ڀ‬Ꮤ‫ࣁ׷‬ε‫ے‬Ǵϩձ՞ 62.3 ሹϡᆶ 74.2 ሹϡǶ‫ځ‬ ύѠ᡼Չ୏ᇶ‫ڀ‬ౢࠔϐрαೕኳ௨ӜӄౚಃΒǴӧ 2013 ԃ՞ӄౚౢॶऊ 10.4%Ǵ ໻ԛ‫ܭ‬ύ୯εഌ‫ ޑ‬38.0%Ƕӵ߄ 4-3ǵ߄ 4-4 ‫܌‬ҢǶ. 5. 65 ྃа΢ԴԃΓαэᕴΓαК‫ٯ‬ၲ‫ ډ‬20%ਔᆀࣁຬଯស‫཮ޗ‬Ƕ җፁғᅽճ೽ 2013 ԃ‫ૼہ‬ϐȨߏයྣៈߥᓀᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺᆅ౛‫س‬಍ϐೕჄᆶຑ՗ȩࣴ‫ࡰز‬ рǴ2012 ԃᇶ‫ڀ‬ѱ൑᏾ᡏౢॶऊཥѠჾ 26.1 ሹϡǴԶံշᕴᚐऊ 7.3 ሹϡǶ‫ځ‬ύեԏΕЊэ 0.6 ሹϡǴߚեԏΕЊэ 6.6 ሹϡǶ. 6. 28.

(38) ߄ 4- 3ǺᇶշᆶᔆံҔᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬ౢࠔੇᜢ຾рα಍ी(ԭ࿤ཥѠჾ) ຾αԃ ԋߏ౗. ຾αॶ. ԃࡋ. рαԃ ԋߏ౗. рαॶ. 2010. 10,684. 9.5%. 13,645. 15.1%. 2011. 11,217. 5.0%. 13,551. -0.7%. 2012. 12,195. 8.7%. 15,223. 12.3%. 2013. 13,457. 10.3%. 16,196. 6.4%. 2014. 14,534. 8.0%. 18,926. 16.9%. 15,399 ຾αѳ֡ԃԋߏ౗. 6.0%. 19,470 8.3% рαѳ֡ԃԋߏ౗. 2.9%. 2015(e) 2010~2014. 10.0%. ၗ਑ٰྍǺπ཰‫زࣴೌמ‬ଣǴ2015ǴᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬ౢ཰ԃ᠘. 政治大. ߄ 4- 4Ǻ2009~2013 ԃѠ᡼ᆶЬा୯ৎՉ୏ᇶ‫ڀ‬ౢࠔрαೕኳ(ԭ࿤ཥѠჾ) 2010. 2011. 2012. рαॶ. К‫ٯ‬. рαॶ. К‫ٯ‬. рαॶ. К‫ٯ‬. ऍ୯. 46.94. 4.5. 54.0. 4.9. 59.81. 5.0. 70.39. 5.9. 65.69. 5.3. ྷ‫ڂ‬. 89.22. 8.6. 82.86. 7.5. 83.50. 7.0. 73.75. 6.2. 68.15. 5.5. Ѡ᡼. 140.82. 13.6. 140.70. 12.8. 131.60. 11.1. 131.05. 10.9. 129.13. 10.4. ύ୯. 349.65. 33.9. 422.56. 38.4. 461.31. 38.7. 486.12. 40.6. 472.15. 38.0. म୯. 20.99. 2.0. 19.66. 1.8. 17.83. 1.5. 15.07. 1.3. 33.52. 2.7. ‫ځ‬д. 385.24. 37.3. 34.6. 436.79. 36.7. 420.91. 35.2. 475.03. 38.2. ᕴी. 1,032.86. v. 100. n. al. 100.0 1,100.69. 100.0 1,190.84. Ch. er. io. 380.91. ‧. К‫ٯ‬. Nat. рαॶ. y. 2013. sit. 學. ୯. 立. 2009. ‧ 國. рα. i n U. 100.0 1,197.29. engchi. рαॶ. 1,243.67 100.0. ၗ਑ٰྍǺπ཰‫زࣴೌמ‬ଣǴ2015ǴᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬ౢ཰ԃ᠘ Ѥǵġᇶ‫੃ڀ‬຤Չࣁϩ‫݋‬ ਥᏵ৪ၲӀǵቅ଻ύǵचӜᗪ(2013)ࣴ‫ز‬Ǵஒᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛϐ੃຤‫ޣ‬Չࣁϩࣁ ϖঁय़ӛǴϣ৒ӵΠǺ (΋) ੃຤‫ޣ‬ሡ‫؃‬ᆶୢᚒᇡ‫ޕ‬Ǻჹ‫ܭ‬ୢᚒ‫ޑ‬ᇡ‫ޕ‬วғ‫ܭ‬٬Ҕ‫ޣ‬Кၨ੿ჴ‫ރ‬ ᄊᆶ౛‫ރ܄‬ᄊ‫ޑ‬ৡຯǴ྽ৡຯຫεຫ৒ܰౢғॐϪှ،‫ޑ‬ሡ‫؃‬ǶԶ ሡ‫؃‬Ξϩࣁ‫ي‬ᡏ੯ੰǵཀѦ‫܄࡚ޑ‬ሡ‫؃‬Ǵᆶ຾ำ‫܄‬ᇶշ‫ޑ‬ᄌ‫܄‬ሡ‫؃‬Ƕ ᇶ‫ڀ‬ୢᚒ‫ޑ‬ှ،ୃӛ౛‫܄‬،฼ኳԄǴаԋҁਏ੻БԄ൨‫؃‬ှ،БਢǶ 29. К‫ٯ‬.

(39) (Β) ᇶ‫ڀ‬ၗૻཛྷ൨Ǻၗૻᇆ໣ᆅၰ٩ቹៜำࡋҗଯ‫ډ‬եϩձࣁǺΓሞᆛ ๎ǵᙴᕍӼᎦᐒᄬǵᇶ‫ڀ‬৖ҢύЈǵጕ΢ᆛ๎ǵᆛၡૻ৲ǵᇶ‫ڀ‬୘ ۫Ƕ (Ο) ёՉБਢຑ՗ᆶᒧ᏷Ǻ٬Ҕ‫ޣ‬ჹБਢϐຑ՗ёаϩࣁ‫ٿ‬ᅿǶ΋ᅿࣁ ॥ᓀ‫ޑ‬᝺ჸǴх֖଄୍॥ᓀǵфૈ॥ᓀǵ‫ي‬ᡏ॥ᓀǵЈ౛॥ᓀǵਔ ໔॥ᓀǵᐒ཮ԋҁ฻ǶԶќ΋ᅿࣁሽॶᢀᆶߞ‫ۺ‬Ǵх֖࿯ቀऍቺǵ ߡ‫ە‬Կ΢ǵ஖ۘѦ೤ǵߞҺ‫ڗ‬ӛǵֵၰᆒઓǵᇸख़጗࡚ǵਔ໔‫ڗ‬ӛǵ ‫ג‬ᒈ‫ڗ‬ӛǵፁғᏼኁ฻Ƕ. 政治大. (Ѥ) ௦Ҕᖼວ‫܈‬ચၛਔϐԵໆǺх֖ౢࠔϐࠔ፦ᆶ፾Ҕ‫܄‬ǵሡ‫؃‬ϐ࡚ॐ. 立. ำࡋǵႣය٬Ҕය໔‫ߏޑ‬อǵ཰‫ޣ‬ှᇥ஑཰ำࡋǵ၂Ҕ࿶ᡍǵ୧ࡕ. ‧ 國. 學. ୍ܺ฻Ƕ. ‧. (ϖ) ௦ҔࡕϐՉࣁϸᔈǺх֖٬ҔࡕϐᅈཀࡋϷ٬Ҕࡕϐೀ࿼Ƕ٬Ҕᅈ. y. Nat. ཀࡋ‫ڙ‬ౢࠔ٬Ҕ࿶ᡍǵቷ୘ϐ୍ܺǵࡹ۬‫ݤ‬ೕ฻ቹៜǶ٬Ҕࡕ‫ޑ‬ೀ. al. n. ϖǵġࡹ۬ᇶ‫ࡹڀ‬฼ᆶೕጄ. er. io. sit. ࿼Бय़Ǵᖼວ‫ޣ‬ӧ٬Ҕࡕ໼ӛ‫ܭ‬Ϧ੻ਈᜄǶ. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. Ѡ᡼Ҟ߻ᇶ‫ံڀ‬շࡹ฼‫ྍݤ‬ԖΟǴϩձࣁǺԴΓᅽճ‫ݤ‬7ǵᙍ཰‫্ؠ‬മπߥ ៈ‫ݤ‬8ǵ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫ߥ੻៾ޣ‬ៈ‫ݤ‬9Ǵ‫ံځ‬շᒤ‫ݤ‬᏾౛ӵ߄ 4-5 ‫܌‬ҢǶ. 7 8 9. ȨԴΓᅽճ‫ݤ‬ȩ-ӄ୯‫ݤ‬ೕၗ਑৤ Ȩᙍ཰‫্ؠ‬മπߥៈ‫ݤ‬ȩ-ӄ୯‫ݤ‬ೕၗ਑৤ Ȩ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫ߥ੻៾ޣ‬ም‫ݤ‬ȩ-ӄ୯‫ݤ‬ೕၗ਑৤. 30.

(40) ߄ 4- 5ǺѠ᡼Ӧ୔ᇶ‫ံڀ‬շࡹ฼Кၨ ‫ྍݤ‬ ੝Յ. ፎሦၗ਱. ѨૈԴΓௗ‫ߏڙ‬යྣ ᙍ཰‫্ؠ‬മπံշ ୍៝ܺံշᒤ‫ݤ‬10 Ϸਡวᒤ‫ݤ‬11. ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫ޣ‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬ ຤Ҕံշᒤ‫ݤ‬12. ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫ޣ‬ᙴᕍൺ଼ ‫܌‬ሡᙴᕍ຤ҔϷᙴᕍ ᇶ‫ံڀ‬շᒤ‫ݤ‬13. ٩Вதғࢲࢲ୏фૈ (ADLǵЃМໆ߄)‫܈‬ π‫܄ڀ‬Вதғࢲࢲ୏ ф ૈ ຑ ՗ (IADL) ࣁ. ሦԖ‫ي‬Јምᛖ᛾ ܴ‫ޣ‬Ъന߈΋ԃ ۚՐ୯ϣຬၸ΋ ԭΖΜΟВ‫ޣ‬Ƕ. ಄ӝᙴᕍ຤ҔϷᙴᕍ ᇶ‫ံڀ‬շ኱ྗ߄‫ޣ‬Ǵ Ъ࿶җ஑ࣽᙴৣ໒ҥ ບᘐ᛾ܴਜϷᇶ‫ڀ‬ሡ ‫؃‬ຑ՗Ƕ. Ӣᙍ཰໾্‫܈‬ᑡ஻ ᙍ཰੯ੰǴठ‫ي‬ᡏᒪ Ӹም্Ǵ࿶ᙴৣບᘐ ‫ځ܈‬д஑཰Γ঩ຑ ᇸࡋǵύࡋǵख़ࡋѨ ՗‫ځ‬Ѩૈำࡋ࣬྽ ‫ܭ‬മπߥᓀѨૈ๏ б኱ྗಃ΋฻ભԿ. ૈ‫ޣ‬Ƕ. 治政 ᙴৣϷຑ՗Γ঩ ᙴৣ‫܈‬ຑ՗Γ঩ ຑ՗Γ঩ 大 ୖԵѨૈԴΓௗ‫ ߏڙ‬立 ୖԵᙍ཰‫্ؠ‬മπ ୖ Ե ‫ ي‬Ј ም ᛖ ‫ޣ‬ ಃΜϖ฻ભ‫ޣ‬Ƕ. Ϸۚৎคምᛖᕉნ‫ ׯ‬ΜѤచߕ߄Ƕ ๓ံշ໨Ҟ߄Ƕ. ྗ߄Ƕ. 學. ံշ໨Ҟ. ᙴৣ. ୖԵ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫ޣ‬ᙴᕍ යྣ୍៝ܺᇶ‫ڀ‬ᖼວ ံշϷਡวᒤ‫ݤ‬ಃ ᇶ ‫ ڀ‬຤ Ҕ ံ շ ୷ ൺ଼‫܌‬ሡᙴᕍ຤ҔϷ. ‧ 國. ຑ՗‫ޣ‬. ᙴᕍᇶ‫ံڀ‬շ኱ྗ ߄Ƕ. ‧. io. sit. ံշ኱ྗ. ࠠᘉຎᐒѦǴ‫؂‬ԃံ ‫ ٿ ؂‬ԃ ന ӭ ံ շ ‫ڀ‬ᆶғࢲᇶ‫ڀ‬ӝ‫ٳ‬ी շѤ໨ᇶ‫ࣁڀ‬ज़Ǵ‫ ؂‬Ѥ໨ࣁज़Ƕ ᆉǴ‫ٿ؂‬ԃനӭံշ ԃനӭϤ࿤ϡǶόள Ѥ໨ࣁज़Ƕ ӕਔሦ‫࣬ڗ‬ӕᇶ‫ڀ‬ ᜪձϐံշǶ. n. al. er. Nat. аΜ࿤ϡࣁज़Ƕ. y. ٩ྣৎ৥ԏΕНྗံ ନΓπႝηԸǵᗺӷ ٩ ྣ ৎ ৥ ԏ Ε Н ٩ྣৎ৥ԏΕНྗံ շ 70~100%ǴΜԃϣ ᝻ᄗᡉҢᏔϷਫ΢ ྗံշ 50~100%Ǵ շ 50~100%Ǵᙴᕍᇶ. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛ Ѡ᡼Ӧ୔ᇶ‫ڀ‬ຑ՗Γ঩ϐၗ਱Ǵ٩Ᏽ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫୍ܺޣ‬Γ঩ၗ਱૽ግϷᆅ౛ᒤ ‫ݤ‬ೕ‫ۓ‬14Ǵᔈ࿶‫ڗ૽ڙ‬ள่཰᛾ܴǴБ‫ڀ‬Ԗຑ՗ၗ਱ǶЪ‫؂‬ԃௗ‫ڙ‬ԿϿΒΜλਔ ‫ي‬Јምᛖᅽճ୍ܺ࣬ᜢፐำϐӧᙍ૽ግǶ᏾౛ӵ߄ 4-6 ‫܌‬ҢǶ. 10 11 12 13 14. ȨѨૈԴΓௗ‫ߏڙ‬යྣ୍៝ܺံշᒤ‫ݤ‬ȩ-ӄ୯‫ݤ‬ೕၗ਑৤ Ȩᙍ཰‫্ؠ‬മπံշϷਡวᒤ‫ݤ‬ȩ-ӄ୯‫ݤ‬ೕၗ਑৤ ˬ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫ޣ‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬຤Ҕံշᒤ‫ݤ‬ȩ-ӄ୯‫ݤ‬ೕၗ਑৤ ˬ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫ޣ‬ᙴᕍൺ଼‫܌‬ሡᙴᕍ຤ҔϷᙴᕍᇶ‫ံڀ‬շᒤ‫ݤ‬ȩ-ӄ୯‫ݤ‬ೕၗ਑৤ ˬ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫୍ܺޣ‬Γ঩ၗ਱૽ግϷᆅ౛ᒤ‫ݤ‬ȩ-ӄ୯‫ݤ‬ೕၗ਑৤. 31.

(41) ߄ 4- 6Ǻᇶ‫ڀ‬ຑ՗Γ঩Кၨ߄ ੝Յ. ‫૽ڙ‬ၗ਱. ᜪձ. ‫૽ڙ‬ਔኧ. Ҙᜪ. ሦԖ‫ނ‬౛‫ݯ‬ᕍৣ‫܈‬ᙍૈ‫ݯ‬ᕍৣԵ၂Ϸ਱᛾ਜ. ᕴी 89 λਔ. Όᜪ. ሦԖᇟ‫ݯق‬ᕍৣԵ၂Ϸ਱᛾ਜǶ. ᕴी 40 λਔ. Чᜪ. ሦԖ᠋ΚৣԵ၂Ϸ਱᛾ਜǶ. ᕴी 55 λਔ ᕴी 114 λਔ. ΍ᜪ. ε஑ਠଣа΢ᙴᏢǵៈ౛ǵൺ଼ᒌ୘ǵ‫ނ‬౛‫ݯ‬ᕍǵᙍૈ‫ݯ‬ᕍǵ੝ਸ ௲‫ػ‬ǵ᠋ᇟǵᙴπǵᇶշࣽ‫מ‬฻࣬ᜢ‫س‬ǵ‫܌‬ǵᏢՏᏢำ౥཰٠வ٣ ᇶշࣽ‫࣬מ‬ᜢ୍ܺᅈΒԃǶ வ٣ຎ᝺фૈምᛖᇶ‫ڀ‬ຑ՗πբΟԃа΢ЪԿϿֹԋΒΜӜຎ᝺ф. ᕴी 68 λਔ. ૈምᛖ‫ޣ‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬ຑ՗୍ܺǴ٠‫ڀ‬Πӈၗ਱ϐ΋Ǻ Ȑ΋ȑ୯ϣѦε஑ਠଣຎӀᏢ‫س‬౥཰Ƕ ȐΒȑමҺᙍ‫ܭ‬ຎ᝺фૈምᛖ୍ܺග‫ൂٮ‬ՏǴჴሞவ٣‫ۓ‬ӛՉ୏૽ ግǵຎ᝺фૈምᛖғࢲ‫૽ૈמ‬ግ‫܈‬ຎ᝺фૈምᛖᇶ‫૽ڀ‬ግ฻୍ܺǶ. ѹᜪ. 立. 政治大. ‧ 國. 學. ȐΟȑමҺᙍ‫۬ࡹܭ‬Ьᒤǵ‫ံ܈ૼہ‬շᒤ౛ϐ੝ਸ௲‫܈ػ‬ᙍ཰ख़ࡌ ϐ୍ܺൂՏǴჴሞவ٣ຎ᝺фૈምᛖᇶ‫࣬ڀ‬ᜢຑ՗ǵ፾ଛ฻୍ܺǶ ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. ‧. Ϥǵġᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺ. sit. y. Nat. io. er. ᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺόӕ‫ܭ‬΋૓ᇶ‫ڀ‬ೡ୧ኳԄǴࢂҗаΠख़ाሽॶൂϡ15‫܌‬ಔԋǺ ၗҁᑼ೯ǵᇶ‫ڀ‬௦ᖼǵ୍ܺ࠹ቶǵΓ঩ᒌ၌ǵ࠼Њࡌᔞǵံշҙፎǵ٬Ҕ૽ግǵ. al. n. v i n Ch మዅǵ੃ࢥǵྐ๵ǵଛҹ‫׳‬ඤǵᆢঅǵࠔᆅǵᇡ᛾ǵхးǵ৤Ӹঊᓯǵଛଌǵး engchi U. ଛǵᇶ‫ڀ‬ፓ᏾ǵԏ‫ڗ‬ચߎǵ઻‫׳׷‬ඤǵ‫ܨ‬ှǵᇶ‫ڀ‬ӣԏǵᇶ‫ڀ‬ೀϩǵౢࠔ‫ࢬ܈‬ำ ࣴวǵΓ঩୻૽ᆶᆅ౛฻Ƕа΢ሽॶൂϡϐϣ৒ᆶ੝‫܄‬ӵΠǺ 1.. ၗҁᑼ೯Ǻх֖ၗߎ‫܈‬ჴ‫ނ‬ϐᑼ೯ǴᙖԜ‫ڗ‬ளᇶ‫ڀ‬ϐ٬Ҕ៾բࣁચ ၛ٬ҔǶऩࢂаԾԖၗߎᖼΕᇶ‫߾ڀ‬ሡीᆉၗߎԋҁǶ. 2.. ᇶ‫ڀ‬௦ᖼǺᇶ‫ڀ‬௦ᖼϐࠔ໨ᆶኧໆஒ‫ޔ‬ௗቹៜ‫܌‬Ԗ‫ځ‬дሽॶൂϡϐ ੝‫܄‬Ƕӵᇶ‫ڀ‬ϐሽ਱ǵ൐Ҕԃज़ǵᇶ‫ූڀ‬Ꭹሽॶǵ઻‫׳׷‬ඤԋҁ฻Ƕ. љ২ၲ፣(2005)ӧȨ฼ౣᆅ౛ཥፕȩύගрǴሽॶൂϡх֖ബ೷ሽॶ‫ޑ‬Ȩሽॶࢲ୏ȩᆶၗ ౢǶ. 15. 32.

(42) 3.. Γ঩ᒌ၌Ǻᒌ၌Γ঩ࣁ٬Ҕ‫܈ޣ‬ৎឦග‫ٮ‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬٬Ҕᆶ୍ܺၗૻǴΨ ࢂࡌҥ៝࠼ᜢ߯Ϸߦ٬ሡ‫؃‬ౢғϐख़ाࢲ୏Ƕ. 4.. ࠼ЊࡌᔞǺࡌҥ࠼Њၗ਑Ǵх֖‫ي‬ϩձǵຑ՗ൔ֋ǵۚՐӦ֟ǵᖄ ๎БԄ฻฻Ƕբࣁࡕុଛଌǵԏ‫ڗ‬ચߎᆶග‫୍ܺٮ‬ϐ୷ᘵǶ. 5.. ံշҙፎǺံշϐҙፎሡӃҗᇶ‫ڀ‬ຑ՗Γ঩ග‫ٮ‬ຑ՗ൔ֋ਜǴ٠ӧ 10 ВϣҬбӚӦБЬᆅᐒᜢᒤ౛ቩࢗϷਡ‫ۓ‬Ƕ၀Ьᆅᐒᜢஒ‫ ܭ‬15 Вϣว‫ڄ‬ҙፎΓ೯‫ޕ‬ቩ‫่݀ۓ‬Ƕቩ‫ۓ‬೯ၸࡕǴҙፎΓ໪‫ ܭ‬6 ঁДϣ ֹԋᇶ‫ڀ‬ᖼ࿼ϷፎීǶЬᆅᐒᜢஒ‫ܭ‬ፎීЎҹഢሸࡕ 1 ঁДϣኘ ීǶ. 立. ٬Ҕ૽ግǺ‫ڐ‬շ٬Ҕ‫҅ޣ‬ዴ‫ޑ‬٬Ҕᇶ‫ڀ‬Ǵаၲԋᇶ‫ڀ‬٬ҔϐҞ‫ޑ‬Ǵ. 學. ‧ 國. 6.. 政治大. ٠Ъ‫ߏۯ‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬൐Ҕԃज़Ƕ. ‧. 7.. మዅǺճҔ‫ނ‬౛‫܈‬ϯᏢБ‫ݤ‬ନѐᇶ‫ڀ‬ӧ٬Ҕࡕ‫ࢉݠ‬ϐԦࠣ‫܈‬౦‫ښ‬Ǵ. sit. n. al. er. ੃ࢥǺа‫ނ‬౛‫܈‬ϯᏢБ‫ྐ੃ݤ‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬΢ठੰϐ༾ғ‫ނ‬Ƕՠค‫܌ྐ੃ݤ‬. io. 8.. y. Nat. ՠค‫ݤ‬ନѐठੰϐ༾ғ‫ނ‬Ƕ. i n U. v. Ԗಒ๵޵᪐Ƕ‫ނ‬౛Б‫ݤ‬ӵฆ‫ݤݦ‬ǵЃථቺ੃ࢥ‫ݤ‬ǵᇃ਻੃ࢥ‫ݤ‬ǵ๋. Ch. engchi. Ѧጕ੃ࢥ‫ݤ‬฻ǹϯᏢБ‫ݤ‬ӵᚈ਼НǵᅆқНǵၸᎉለǵѹΌ⾺Нྋ న฻ϯᏢᛰᏊϐ੆‫܈ݰ‬ᔔ࡬Ƕ 9.. ྐ๵Ǻ੃ྐ‫܌‬Ԗ༾ғ‫ނ‬Ǵх֖ಒ๵޵᪐ǵ੿๵ϷੰࢥǶ‫ނ‬౛Б‫ݤ‬ӵ ଯྕଯᓸྐ๵ǵଳ዗ྐ๵ǹϯᏢБ‫ݤ‬ӵၸᎉለǵѹΌ⾺НྋనǶ. 10. ଛҹ‫׳‬ඤǺх֖ၸࡋ઻ཞค‫ݤ‬ᆢঅϐଛҹǵ࠼ᇙϯϐଛҹᆶӢࣁፁ ғԵໆԶඹඤϐ઻‫׷‬Ƕ 11. ᆢঅǺບᘐᇶ‫ڀ‬ค‫ݤ‬٬ҔϐࡺምচӢǴ٠ϒа௨ନǴ‫܈‬ஒѦᢀϐલ ཞख़ཥቔᅊऍϯǶӧᇶ‫ڀ‬ᆢঅය໔Ǵ೯தሡග‫ٮ‬ഢҔᇶ‫ڀ‬ϐ୍ܺǶ 33.

(43) ᆢঅ႟ҹ‫ڗ‬ளόܰǴ೯தሡ࿶җ࿶ᎍ୘аၨଯሽ਱ᖼວǶ 12. ࠔᆅǺଞჹᇶ‫ڀ‬ϐᆢঅǵଛҹ‫׳‬ඤǵమዅǵ੃ࢥǵхးϐࠔ፦຾Չ ᔠᡍǴዴߥᇶ‫ڀ‬рቷ‫ރ‬ᄊ಄ӝࠔ፦೛‫ۓ‬ϐ኱ྗǶ 13. ᇡ᛾Ǻ๏ϒ಄ӝᇡ᛾኱ྗϐౢࠔᇡёϐ᛾ܴ‫܈‬኱ᠸǴ೯தሡाམଛ ࠹ቶࢲ୏Ǵз៝࠼Αှᇡ᛾ϣ৒ǶߚѸाϐࢲ୏Ƕ 14. хးǺஒֹԋᇶ‫ڀ‬ᆢঅǵଛҹ‫׳‬ඤǵమዅǵ੃ࢥϐᇶ‫ڀ‬຾ՉхးǴ ٬ᇶ‫ڀ‬ӧ৤Ӹঊᓯǵၮଌၸำύᆢ࡭рቷ‫ރ‬ᄊǵѦᢀӵཥǶ. 政治大 ‫܈‬೯ၡǴаၲԋᆢ࡭ౢࠔ‫ރ‬ᄊ‫ؼ‬ӳǵ࠼Њջਔ‫ڗ‬Ҕǵեଛଌԋҁ฻ 立. 15. ৤ӸঊᓯǺᇶ‫ֹڀ‬ԋхးࡕǴ࠼ЊચҔᇶ‫߻ڀ‬ǴஒౢࠔӸ‫ܭܫ‬ঊ৤. ‧ 國. 學. Ҟ‫ޑ‬Ƕ. 16. ଛଌǺஒౢࠔଛଌԿ೯ၡ‫ۓࡰ࠼៝܈‬ӦᗺǴаճ៝࠼٬ҔǶ. ‧. io. al. er. ૈǶёӧ೯ၡ‫࠼៝܈‬٬ҔӦᗺ຾ՉးଛǶ. sit. y. Nat. 17. းଛǺࢌ٤ᇶ‫ڀ‬ё‫ܨ‬ှࣁኧঁ೽ҹǴБߡଛଌǵቚу‫܈‬ᆢ࡭ᇶ‫ڀ‬ф. v. n. 18. ᇶ‫ڀ‬ፓ᏾Ǻӧό‫׳‬ඤᇶ‫ڀ‬ଛҹ‫ݩރޑ‬ΠǴፓ᏾ᇶ‫ڀ‬аճ٬ҔǶ. Ch. engchi. i n U. 19. ԏ‫ڗ‬ચߎǺӧ࠼ЊચҔය໔Ǵ‫ۓ‬යӛ࠼Њԏ‫ڗ‬ચߎǶёᙖҗ୍ܺ೯ ၡ‫܈‬Ӛᅿߎᑼ୍ܺԏීǶ 20. ઻‫׳׷‬ඤǺ੝ࡰ࠼Њӧ٬Ҕය໔ሡ‫ۓ‬ය‫׳‬ඤϐ઻‫׷‬Ƕሡ‫ۓ‬යଛଌǴ ٩઻‫׳׷‬ඤᜤࡋ‫ޑ‬όӕǴམଛΓ঩຾ՉးଛǶ 21. ‫ܨ‬ှǺஒᇶ‫ܨڀ‬ှࣁኧঁ೽ҹǴБߡଛଌǵӣԏǶ 22. ᇶ‫ڀ‬ӣԏǺ೸ၸ೯ၡ‫܈‬Կ៝࠼ࡰ‫ۓ‬Ӧᗺዴᇡᇶ‫ރڀ‬ᄊ٠ӣԏᇶ‫ڀ‬Ƕ 23. ᇶ‫ڀ‬ೀϩǺх֖ᇶ‫ڀ‬᏾ᡏ‫܈‬೽ҹϐᙯ୧Ƕ. 34.

(44) 24. ୍ܺ࠹ቶǺ೸ၸЎ࠹‫܈‬Γ঩࠹໺‫܈‬௢ቶ୍ܺౢࠔϷϣ৒Ƕ 25. ౢࠔ‫ࢬ܈‬ำࣴวǺ‫׫‬ΕၗྍǵΓΚ‫ׯ‬๓ౢࠔೕ਱‫܈‬మዅǵ੃ࢥࢬำǶ ߚѸाϐࢲ୏Ƕ 26. Γ঩୻૽ǺගϲΓ঩୺Չ཰୍ϐૈΚ‫ڗ܈‬ள୺Չ཰୍ϐၗ਱Ǵх֖ ሡ‫؃‬ຑ՗ǵమዅ੃ࢥჴ୍ǵᇶ‫ޕڀ‬᛽ǵᆢঅૈΚ฻Ƕ Զ٩Ᏽሽॶൂϡวғϐ୷ᘵǴёஒሽॶൂϡᘜࣁѤᜪǺ‫؂‬ԛચॷਔวғǵ‫؂‬ ҹᇶ‫ڀ‬ғ‫ຼڮ‬යϣวғǵચҔය໔วғǵᆶᇶ‫ڀ‬ค‫ޔ‬ௗ࣬ᜢ฻Ǵ᏾౛ӵ߄ 4-7 ‫܌‬. 政治大 ߄立 4- 7Ǻચၛ୍ܺሽॶൂϡϐϩᜪ. 學. ሽॶൂϡ. ‧ 國. ҢǶ. Γ঩ᒌ၌ǵ࠼Њࡌᔞǵံշҙፎǵ٬Ҕ૽ግǵమዅǵ੃ ࢥǵྐ๵ǵଛҹ‫׳‬ඤǵࠔᆅǵᇡ᛾ǵхးǵଛଌǵး. ચॷਔวғ. ᇶ‫ڀ‬ғ‫ຼڮ‬ය. ၗҁᑼ೯ǵᇶ‫ڀ‬௦ᖼǵᆢঅǵᇶ‫ڀ‬ೀϩ. ચҔය໔วғ. ԏ‫ڗ‬ચߎǵ઻‫׳׷‬ඤ. ᆶᇶ‫ڀ‬ค‫ޔ‬ௗ ࣬ᜢ. io. sit. y. Nat. ϣวғ. ‧. ଛǵᇶ‫ڀ‬ፓ᏾ǵ‫ܨ‬ှǵᇶ‫ڀ‬ӣԏ. n. al. er. ୍ܺ࠹ቶǵ৤Ӹঊᓯǵౢࠔ‫ࢬ܈‬ำࣴวǵΓ঩୻૽ᆶᆅ ౛. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. ᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛሽ਱Бय़Ǵ୯ҥ໚ܴεᏢ ICF ᄤᇶշࣽ‫زࣴמ‬ύЈӧ 2014 ԃ 3 ДᖐՉ‫ޑ‬Ѡ᡼ߏྣߥᓀᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺᆅ౛‫س‬಍஑ৎ཮᝼ύǴࣴᔕ嘸ߏྣߥᓀᇶ‫ڀ‬ ચၛચߎϦԄȩբࣁӚቷ୘ୖԵӵΠǺ. 35.

(45) ൌ. ܺ ൅ ሺ‫ ܤ‬൅ ‫ܥ‬ሻܶ ൅ ‫ܨ‬ ݉. Y=ౢࠔДચߎ X=ౢࠔࡌ᝼୧ሽ B=మዅǵ੃ࢥǵଛҹ‫׳‬ඤхး΋ԛ຤Ҕ C=Γ঩ᒌ၌ǵ٬Ҕ૽ግ୍ܺ΋ԛ຤Ҕ T=ౢࠔ൐ચԃज़ϣ௢՗‫܌‬ሡ୍ܺ‫ޑ‬ԛኧ. 政治大. F=ౢࠔߥ‫ڰ‬යࡕ൐ચԃज़ϣᕴ઻‫׷‬௢՗ԋҁ. 立. m=ౢࠔ൐ચԃज़ϣϐᕴДኧ. ‧ 國. 學. ԶѠ᡼Ӧ୔Ҟ߻ςԖӭৎ୍ܺ೯ၡϐቷ୘჋၂ග‫ٮ‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺǴӵᙴଣǵ. ‧. ᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈǵᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬೯ၡ฻ǶΨԖ‫ޑ‬ቷ୘аચ୧БԄග‫୍ܺٮ‬ǶԶҁࣴ‫ز‬аΠӈ. sit. y. Nat. ‫ٿ‬ৎቷ୘ࣁୖԵჹຝǺӧଯ໢Ӧ୔аᔼճಔᙃኳԄ࿶ᔼ‫ܮޑ‬ᗶᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬Ԗज़ϦљǴ. al. n. ᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈǶ. er. io. ϷӧѠчӦ୔аߚᔼճಔᙃኳԄ࿶ᔼ‫ޑ‬଄ი‫ݤ‬Γಃ΋‫཮ޗ‬ᅽճ୷ߎ཮ߕ೛ಃ΋. Ch. engchi. i n U. v. Տ‫ܭ‬ଯ໢ѱཱིఌ୔‫ܮޑ‬ᗶᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬Ԗज़Ϧљаႝ၉ुᖼϐБԄǴග‫ٮ‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬ચ ၛǵચ୧ϐ୍ܺǴమዅǵ੃ࢥ຤ҔᘜᗋਔќीǴ‫ځ‬ચၛ୍ܺ໨Ҟӵ߄ 4-8 ‫܌‬ҢǶ. 36.

(46) ߄ 4- 8Ǻ‫ܮ‬ᗶᙴᕍᏔ‫׷‬Ԗज़Ϧљᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺ΋ំ(ၮ຤ќी). ‫ځ‬дऊ‫ۓ‬. ӄཥᇶ‫ڀ‬. ߥ᛾ߎ. ᘜᗋਔ ੃ࢥ຤. ൳ঁД ࡕᏱԖ. คཞᚯ Ϸચߎ ᑈЖ߾ ଏᗋ. ᇶ‫੃ڀ‬ ࢥࢬำ. $500. 5. $500. $50. $1,200 $2,500 $1,200. 6. $1,200. $150. $1,000 $1,250. $500. 5. $1,000. $100. $3,200 $1,000. 7. $1,000. $200. $4,200 $1,300. 7. $1,300. $200. 7. $1,200. $200. $3,800 $1,300. 7. $1,300. $200. $1,500 $5,000 $1,500. 7. $1,500. $200. ΒЋᇶ‫ڀ‬. ᇶ‫ڀ‬໨Ҟ. (ચ୧Бਢ). ຼચ. Дચ. Дચ. (നϿ΋ຼ). (നϿચ΋ঁД). (നϿચΟঁД). όज़‫ي‬ϩ. ύեԏ ΕЊ. ΋૓ѱ ҇ $500. ߻Ο ঁД. ಃѤ Дࡕ. $160. $200. һ፴੝ᇙ፺ශ. $400. $700. ମࣽ፺ශ Βའఎ. $330 $500 ኩคચॷ৤Ӹ. Οའఎ. ኩคચॷ৤Ӹ. ൂଭၲ ᚈଭၲ. $400 $600 ኩคચॷ৤Ӹ. Οଭၲ. $500. 立 $1,000. $400. $600. $1,200 $2,000 $1,200. 8. $1,200. $200. $330. $500. $1,000 $1,300 $1,000. 5. $1,000. $250. $160. $250. $500. $700. $300. 6. $500. $100. $30. $50. $100. $120. $100. 5. $200. $0. $30. $50. $100. $120. $100. 5. $200. $0. $60. $100. $200. $200. $100. 6. $300. $50. $50. $100. $150. $150. $100. 6. $300. $50. ᇙ਼ᐒɡ5̈. $900. $2,000. 7. $2,000. $100. ਼਻ᒳ౟ 0.5̈. $250. iv n$500. 6. $500. $50. $500. 6. $600. $50. $2,500 $1,000. 6. $1,000. $100. ϯ࿀ᐒ. ̎ࠠ ͣࠠ. ਻პ০პ. $2,000 $8,000 $1,500. n. ਼਻ᒳ౟ 1.5̈. al. Ch. $300. ‧. շՉ Ꮤ. ๛Π‫ܞ‬. io. Ѥ‫ܞف‬. Nat. ‫׺ܞ‬ ᜪ. y. ‫ܜ‬࿀ᐒ. 學. Οᆅ਻პ‫׉‬. $1,200 治 $3,000 $1,200 政大. sit. ႝ୏ ‫׉‬. $850. er. ΋૓ ੰ‫׉‬. ‧ 國. ΋૓፺ශ. $500 $1,200. e$600 hi U n g c$1,200. $350 $400 ኩόග‫ٮ‬ΒЋચॷ. ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛ ಃ΋‫཮ޗ‬ᅽճ୷ߎ཮ௗ‫ڙ‬Ѡчѱࡹ۬‫܍ૼہֽ཮ޗ‬ௗѠчѱࠄ୔ᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈ 16. ǵѠчѱӝ‫ە‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈ17ϐ࿶ᔼǶԶᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈ‫ڙ‬ज़‫۬ࡹܭ‬ႣᆉԖज़ǴӧႣᆉ୺Չ. ֹ౥ࡕǴ߾ஒᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈϐሡ‫؃‬ᙯϟԿѬೀǶ೛‫ܭ‬Ѡчѱߞက୔‫ޑ‬ಃ΋ᇶ‫ڀ‬ၗྍύ Ј߾‫܍‬ௗٰԾ୷ߎ཮ϣ೽ྣᎦύЈᆶᇶ‫ڀ‬஑Јᙯϟϐᇶ‫ڀ‬ሡ‫؃‬Ǵග‫ٮ‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬ચॷϐ. 16 17. Ѡчѱࠄ୔ᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈЬा୍ܺӦ୔ࣁߞက୔ǵЎξ୔ǵϣ෫୔ǵࠄෝ୔Ƕ Ѡчѱӝ‫ە‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈЬा୍ܺӦ୔ࣁγ݅୔ǵч‫୔׫‬ǵύξ୔ǵεӕ୔Ƕ. 37.

(47) ୍ܺǶಃ΋‫཮ޗ‬ᅽճ୷ߎ཮ќӧཥчѱు֞୔೛ԖΖΜ‫ڳ‬ελϐమዅ੃ࢥπቷǴ ‫ځ‬πቷբ཰ࢬำӵკ 4-1 ‫܌‬ҢǴ၀ቷ௦Ҕ๋Ѧጕ੃ࢥ‫ݤ‬຾Չ੃ࢥǴ೛ഢ֖ႝጕऊ ‫ٿ‬࿤ǶଛԖ΋Ӝᆢঅ‫ৣמ‬ঋೢቷ୍ၮբǴঋᙍբ཰঩΋Ӝॄೢమዅǵ੃ࢥǵхး ฻ࢬำǴ‫؂‬Дёೀ౛ऊ 230 ҹǶ2015 ԃаٰᑈཱུ‫ܗ‬৖рଣྗഢϐᇶ‫ڀ‬ሡ‫؃‬Ǵ2016 ԃςᆶѠчᙴᏢεᏢߕ೛ᙴଣӝբග‫ٮ‬ᇶ‫ڀ‬ચၛ୍ܺǶӵ߄ 4-9 ‫܌‬ҢǴ၀߄ࣁಃ ΋ᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈග‫ٮ‬ϐચၛ಍ीϷ୍ܺ΋ំǴ‫ ܭ‬2015 ԃϐϣ೽಍ीǴԃચॷໆςຬ ၸ 3000 ҹǴႣी 2016 ԃёၲ‫ ډ‬5000 ҹǶ‫ځ‬ύԏ຤ચၛ୍ܺΓԛэК߻ѤӜᇙ ਼ᐒ 18%ǵႝ୏‫ ׉‬15%ǵ፺ශ 12%ǵ‫ܜ‬࿀ᐒ 7%18Ƕѳ֡ચॷය໔ऊࣁ 3~4 ঁДǶ ‫ځ‬ચၛሽҞӵ߄ 4-10 ‫܌‬ҢǶ. 立. 政治大. ‧. ‧ 國. 學 sit. y. Nat. er. io. კ 4- 1Ǻಃ΋ᇶ‫ڀ‬ύЈమዅ੃ࢥπቷ੃ࢥࢬำ. n. a l ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛ i v n Ch U engchi. 2014 ԃಃ΋ᇶ‫ڀ‬ၗྍύЈᕴԏ຤ચၛચ୍ܺॷԛ 1,455 ԛǴᇙ਼ᐒ 268 ԛǵႝ୏‫ ׉‬216 ԛǵ ፺ශ 170 ԛǵ‫ܜ‬࿀ᐒ 109 ԛǶ 18. 38.

(48) ߄ 4- 9Ǻಃ΋‫཮ޗ‬ᅽճ୷ߎ཮ચॷ୍ܺΓԛ಍ी19 ໨Ҟ 2013 ԃ. 2014 ԃ. 2015 ԃ ୍ܺӦ୔ Γαኧ20. ‫ي‬Јምᛖ ‫ޣ‬Γኧ21. ൂՏ Ѡчѱ ࠄ୔ᇶ ‫ڀ‬ύЈ. 65 ྃа΢Դ ԃΓαΓኧ 22. 757. 953. 1,093. 914,389. 39,782. 118,451. Ѡчѱ ӝ‫ە‬ᇶ ‫ڀ‬ύЈ. ҂‫܍‬ௗ. 707. 1,031. 910,835. 42,759. 133,956. ಃ΋ᇶ ‫ڀ‬ၗྍ ύЈ. ҂೛ҥ. 1,455. 1,533. คၗ਑. คၗ਑. คၗ਑. คၗ਑. คၗ਑. 757. 3,115. 立. 學. ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. ‧ 國. ᕴी. 治政大 คၗ਑ 3,657. ߄ 4- 10Ǻಃ΋ᇶ‫ڀ‬ၗྍύЈચॷ୍ܺ΋ំ(ၮ຤ќी) ‫ߎܝ‬. $6,400. ਻პ‫׉‬. $1,500. $3,200. ႝ୏‫׉‬. $2,000. $5,000. ੝ᇙ፺ශ. $1,500. n. ମࣽ፺ශ. Ch. ଯङࢱᐙශ. ߞఈངൺ଼ᐒ. $2,000. e n g c$1,500 hi. sit. io. al. y. $2,500. Nat. ᇙ਼ᐒ. er. Дચߎ. $3,200. iv $5,000 n U $3,200. $3,000. $8,000. ΋૓፺ශǵ‫׺ܞ‬ǵ խ຤ॷҔ շՉᏔǵ‫ܜ‬࿀Ꮤ. խ຤ॷҔ. ၗ਑ٰྍǺҁࣴ‫ز‬᏾౛. 19 20 21 22. ‧. ᇶ‫ڀ‬໨Ҟ. ਥᏵѠ᡼Ϧ੻იᡏԾࡓᖄ࿉ᆛઠ-ಃ΋‫཮ޗ‬ᅽճ୷ߎ཮ᐕԃπൔ ਥᏵѠчѱࡹ۬҇ࡹֽ 2014 ԃԃۭΓα಍ीၗ਑Ƕ ਥᏵፁғᅽճ೽಍ीೀ 2014 ԃԃۭ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫ޣ‬Γኧ಍ीၗ਑Ƕ ਥᏵѠчѱࡹ۬҇ࡹֽ 2014 ԃԃۭΓα಍ीၗ਑Ƕ. 39.

(49) ಃΒ࿯ ঁਢϦљϟಏ ΋ǵġҲ‫཮ߎ୷ث‬ว৖ᐕўᆶ౜‫ݩ‬ Ҳ‫཮ߎ୷ث‬ബҥ‫ ܭ‬1982 ԃ 12 Д 1 ВǴҗቅߢζγ‫ک‬ϤՏ୷࿎২ဠ٣Ӆӕബ ᒤǴ‫ڮ‬ӜࣁȨѠчѱҲ‫ූث‬ምᅽճ୷ߎ཮ȩ Ƕ٠аȨ୍ܺ১༈ǵ‫ـ‬᛾୷࿎ǵ௢୏ ᚈᅽǵሦΓᘜЬȩࣁಔᙃϐ୍ܺ‫ے‬ԑǶ Ҳ‫཮ߎ୷ث‬ԋҥ߃යǴаႴᓰ‫཮ޗ‬ε౲ௗય‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫ޣ‬ǵ௢୏ࡹ۬คምᛖࡹ ฼ϷȨ૽ǵౢǵᎍȩ΋ೣբ཰‫ޑ‬ᙍ૽ǵᅽճπ൑ीჄ฻ࣁ‫ځ‬Ьा཰୍ϣ৒Ǵᔅշ. 政治大 ୯ѦǴӧᘓࠤǵӓໜ‫ڵ‬ǵच‫ܴד‬ѱǵ҉ໜѱǵૡྕᑜ฻Ӧ೛࿼ੇѦ٣཰ೀǶҲ‫ث‬ 立. ‫ي‬Јምᛖ‫ڗݾޣ‬ғࢲ‫ޑ‬൧ᝄᆶ៾੻Ƕ1990 ԃжࡕǴҲ‫׳཮ߎ୷ث‬ஒ᝻‫ۯف‬՜Կ. ‧ 國. 學. ୷ߎ཮‫୍ܺޑ‬Ψᡂள‫׳‬уӭϡǴ2000 ԃࡕ໒‫ۈ‬аȨ‫ูٽ‬ǵԋΓǵߎសԴΓᆶ১༈ ‫୔ޗ‬ȩѤε᝼ᚒǴࡌ࿼ӄΓᜢᚶ୍ܺᆛ๎ǶԶҞ߻Ҳ‫ۭث‬Π୍ܺϩࣁΜ΋ᜪǺԐ. ‧. යᕍ‫ػ‬ᆶ১༈‫ٽ‬Ͽ୍ܺǵԋΓ‫ي‬Јምᛖ୍ܺǵྣ୍៝ܺǵຎም୍ܺǵཥ౽୍҇ܺǵ. sit. y. Nat. Ϧ੻٣཰ว৖ǵคምᛖ୍ܺǵ‫ࡕؠ‬ख़ࡌ୍ܺǵ১༈‫୍ܺ୔ޗ‬ǵᅽॣ୍ܺǵ‫཮ޗ‬٣. al. er. io. ཰ೀ฻23ǶҞ߻ӄ୯ᏱԖຬၸ΋ԭঁ୍ܺᏵᗺϷຬၸ‫ٿ‬ίӜ‫ޑ‬πբΓ঩Ǵаࡹ۬. v. n. ‫ہ‬ᒤ཰୍ࣁЬाԏΕٰྍǴЪਈීԏΕᙦ؊Ǵ҇୯ 99 Կ 103 ԃਈᜄԏΕ٩‫ࣁׇ‬. Ch. engchi. i n U. ཥѠჾ 4.19 ሹǵ4.60 ሹǵ4.45 ሹǵ5.02 ሹǵ6.18 ሹϡ24ǴЪѳ֡‫؂‬ԃԖ 10.24% ‫ޑ‬ԋߏǶ‫ځ‬ύ 2013 ԃ‫ޑ‬ԏΕٰྍ25ύǴਈᜄԏΕэ 35.81%ǵ‫ہ‬ᒤԏΕэ 47.55%ǵ ံշԏΕ 0.65%ǵ୍ܺԏΕ 14.15%ǵ‫ځ‬дԏΕ 1.84%Ƕ җ‫ܭ‬Ҳ‫཮ߎ୷ث‬Ьा཰୍ϣ৒ࣁ‫܍‬ௗࡹ۬‫ہ‬ᒤϐҺ୍ᆶਈී୷ߎϐᆅ౛ǴӢ Ԝӧ่ᄬ΢ঋԖаӦ୔ฝϩ‫ൂ୍ܺޑ‬Տᆶа཰୍‫܄‬፦Ⴤϩ‫ޑ‬фૈൂՏǶҞ߻Ҳ‫ث‬ ୷ߎ཮ಔᙃკӵკ 4-2 ‫܌‬ҢǶ‫ځ‬ύҲ‫཮ޗث‬Ҿ཰‫ݤ‬Γᝢഢೀࢂᗧឦ‫ܭ‬ဠ٣཮ۭΠ. 23 24 25. Ҳ‫୍ܺ཮ߎ୷ث‬ᕴំǴ‫ڗ‬Ծ http://www.eden.org.tw/serivce.php ਥᏵҲ‫҇཮ߎ୷ث‬୯ 99 ԃ‫ ډ‬103 ԃ଄୍ൔ߄ ਥᏵ଄ი‫ݤ‬ΓҲ‫཮ޗث‬ᅽճ୷ߎ཮҇୯ 101 ԃϷ 102 ԃ࿶຤ԏЍᎩ಑ीᆉ߄. 40.