The relationship between training needs and employee's turnover intention 沈德裕、毛筱艷
E-mail: 344747@mail.dyu.edu.tw
ABSTRACT
Prior researches cannot clarify the relationship between training needs and employee’s turnover intention. This study aims at investigating the relationship between different training needs and employee’s turnover based on employee’s viewpoint, and clarify whether job satisfaction and organization commitment are the mediation effect on both training needs and employee’s turnover intention. The study adopted the questionnaire survey, and 487 effective sampling questionnaire with a 89.4% acceptable samples of Taiwan listing company were collected for analysis. This study established factors dimension of staff training needs to match the construction validity and fit with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and also evaluates the relationship among all dimensions with Linear Structure Relationship Model(LISREL). The main findings are as follows: The company's exclusive training needs can influence and the employee’s turnover intention, the higher the company's exclusive training needs, the lower the employee’s turnover intention. The staff of industry exclusive training needs and turnover intention has a significant positive relationship. Employee’s training needs with both Job satisfaction and organizational commitment have the significant positive relationship respectively. Job satisfaction mediates the relationship between the training needs and turnover intention, and shows a significant indirect effect. Organization commitment is the mediator between training needs and turnover intention, and also tends to have a significant indirect effect. The personal traits have also increased the ability to predict and explain the workers’ turnover intention. The finding of the study has the contribution that enterprise can adopt different strategy by focusing on evaluating employees’ need and personality trait, and analyzing employees’ different training need, so that enterprise will have the most efficient result with limited resource.
Keywords : training needs、job satisfaction、organizational commitment、turnover intention Table of Contents
內 容 目 錄 中文摘要 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． iii 英文摘要 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
．． iv 誌謝辭 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． vi 內容目錄 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． vii 表目錄 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． ix 圖目錄 ．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． xi 第一章 緒論．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 1 第一節 研究背景與動機．．．．．．．．．．． 1 第二節 研究問 題與目的．．．．．．．．．．． 3 第二章 文獻探討．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 7 第一節 訓練．．．．．．
．．．．．．．．．． 7 第二節 訓練的需求．．．．．．．．．．．．． 8 第三節 跳槽傾向．．．．．．．．．
．．．．． 11 第四節 訓練需求與跳槽傾向．．．．．．．．． 12 第五節 訓練需求、工作滿足與跳槽傾向．．．． 14 第 六節 訓練需求、組織承諾與跳槽傾向．．．． 18 第七節 人格特質與員工跳槽傾向．．．．．．． 22 第八節 工作者 、工 作、公司特性、訓練需求與員工跳槽傾向 26 第三章 研究方法．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 29 第一節 研究架構
．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 29 第二節 研究假說．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 30 第三節 操作性定義與變數 衡量．．．．．．．． 30 第四節 資料分析方法．．．．．．．．．．．． 38 第五節 信度與效度分析．．．．．
．．．．．．． 40 第六節 共同方法變異．．．．．．．．．．．． 42 第七節 模式之衡量．．．．．．．．．．
．．． 44 第四章 資料分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 48 第一節 樣本結構．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 48 第 二節 變數項目分析．．．．．．．．．．．． 51 第三節 因素分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 55 第四節 工作 者 、工作與公司特性與因素構面關之分析57 第五節 結構模型分析-訓練需求量表二階驗證性因素分析(Confirmatory Factor Analysis) ．72 第六節 相關分析．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 76 第七節 線性迴歸模式．．．．．．．．
．．．． 77 第八節 員工訓練需求模式分析．．．．．．．． 79 第五章 結論與建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．
96 第一節 研究結論．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 96 第二節 管理意涵．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 102 第三節 研究 限制．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 103 第四節 研究建議．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 104 參考文獻 ．．．．．．．
．．．．．．．．．．．．． 106 附錄Ａ 問卷設計．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 134 表 目 錄 表 3-1 本研究 各構念之信度值．．．．．．．．．．． 41 表 4-1 樣本之人口統計變數．．．．．．．．．．．． 49 表 4-2 工作滿足變 數．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 52 表 4-3 組織承諾與跳槽傾向構面．．．．．．．．．． 53 表 4-4 訓練需求構面．
．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 54 表 4-5 內外控構面．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 54 表 4-6 員工訓練需求因素分 析．．．．．．．．．．． 56 表 4-7 跳槽傾向之因素分析結果．．．．．．．．．． 57 表 4-8 不同年齡之變異數分析．
．．．．．．．．．． 59 表 4-9 不同教育程度之變異數分析．．．．．．．．． 60 表 4-10 不同服務年資之變異數分析．
．．．．．．．． 61 表 4-11 工作轉換次數之變異數分析．．．．．．．．． 63 表 4-12 工作部門之變異數分析．．．．
．．．．．．． 64 表 4-13 不同職位之變異數分析．．．．．．．．．．． 65 表 4-14 不同薪資收入之變異數分析．．．
．．．．．． 66 表 4-15 公司規模之變異數分析．．．．．．．．．．． 68 表 4-16 性別狀況差異之T檢定分析．．．．
．．．．． 70 表 4-17 婚姻狀況差異之T檢定分析．．．．．．．．． 71 表 4-18 訓練需求驗證性因素分析參數估計表．
．．．． 75 表 4-19 訓練需求模型中之路徑及適合度檢定．．．．． 75 表 4-20 訓練需求相關分析表．．．．．．．．．
．．． 77 表 4-21 線性迴歸模式．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 79 表 4-22 公司專屬訓練需求路徑效果分析表．．．．
．． 81 表 4-23 公司專屬訓練模式參數估計表．．．．．．．． 81 表 4-24 公司專屬訓練需求模型中之路徑及適合度檢定
． 82 表 4-25 產業專屬訓練需求路徑效果分析表．．．．．． 84 表 4-26 產業專屬訓練需求模式參數估計表．．．．．．
84 表 4-27 產業專屬訓練需求模型中之路徑及適合度檢定． 85 表 4-28 員工一般訓練需求路徑效果分析表．．．．．． 87 表 4-29 一般訓練需求模式參數估計表．．．．．．．． 87 表 4-30 員工一般訓練需求模型中之路徑及適合度檢定． 88 表 4-31 整體訓練需求路徑效果分析表．．．．．．．． 90 表 4-32 整體訓練需求模式參數估計表．．．．．．．． 90 表 4-33 整體訓練需求模型中之路徑及適合度檢定．．． 91 表 5-1 研究假說驗證結果表．．．．．．．．．．．． 102 圖目 錄 圖 3-1 研究架構．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．．． 29 圖 3-2 模式結構方程方程矩陣．．．．．．．．．．． 45 圖 3-3 模式衡量方程矩陣．．．．．．．．．．．．． 46 圖 3-4 整體模式方程結構路徑圖．．．．．．．．．． 47 圖 4-1 訓 練需求之二階驗證性因素模式．．．．．．． 73 圖 4-2 公司專屬訓練模式分析路徑圖．．．．．．．． 80 圖 4-3 產業專 屬訓練模式分析路徑圖．．．．．．．． 83 圖 4-4 一般訓練需求模式分析路徑．．．．．．．．． 86 圖 4-5 整體模式分 析路徑．．．．．．．．．．．．． 89
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