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線傳智慧型車輛驅動與操控動態模擬及控制之研究 紀彥琦、張一屏

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線傳智慧型車輛驅動與操控動態模擬及控制之研究 紀彥琦、張一屏

E-mail: [email protected]

摘 要

本研究旨在建立線傳智慧型車輛驅動與操控動態模擬及控制 系統,藉由控制輪內馬達驅動、輪內馬達制動及車輛轉向,使 車 輛在行駛中駕駛者處於安全狀態。當車輛直線行駛時採取滑移率 控制,使車輛在直線行駛加速情況下,車輪不至產生 打滑情況, 以確保車輛穩定直線行駛。車輛轉彎時,由當時車速、車身橫擺 率及車輛滑移角計算出各輪內馬達獨立之輪 轉速以控制轉彎差 速,避免輪胎產生不正常磨耗及車輛不穩定之現象。 本研究採用的控制策略包括循跡控制、主動式轉 向控制、輪 內馬達扭力控制及適應性四輪轉向控制等,使車輛不論在直行或 過彎時皆能快速及安全行駛。其中主動式轉 向控制包含前後輪轉 向比值隨車速變化、轉向減速比隨車速變化使車身橫擺率、車身 側加速度、車身滑移角為最佳操控 性能輸出。本項計畫研究可整 合機械、車輛與電腦資訊、控制、通訊等相關產業與學界研究單 位之能量,評估分析所須 之性能,同時協助工程師改善設計、縮 短研發試誤及時辰,提升國內自主車輛線傳即時四輪轉向及車體 穩定控制系統研 發設計能力,與世界先進技術聯結,開拓未來車 用電子商機

關鍵詞 : 線傳智慧型車輛、線傳車輛驅動與操控動態模擬及控制 系統、動態硬體迴路模擬 目錄

封面內頁 簽名頁 博碩士論文暨電子檔案上網授權書...iii 中文摘要...iv ABSTRACT...v 誌謝...vi 目

錄...vii 圖目錄...x 表目錄...xx 符號說明...xxi 第一章緒論...1 1.1 前

言...1 1.2 文獻回顧...1 1.2.1 車輛橫向運動控制相關文 獻...2 1.2.2 車輛線傳控制相關文獻...3 1.2.3 車輛電子輔助轉向相關文

獻...4 1.2.4 硬體迴路相關文獻...6 1.3 研究動機...8 1.4 本 文架構...9 第二章車輛動態模型建立及驗證...10 2.1 電動四輪驅動車輛縱向運 動動態模...13 2.1.1 馬達動態性能輸出模組建立...13 2.1.2 車輛輸入參數模

組...16 2.1.3 模擬差速器輸出模組建立...18 2.1.4 電池殘電量預估模

組...21 2.2 四輪轉向車輛橫擺運動動態模組...22 2.2.1 車輛橫擺運動性能輸出模

組...23 2.2.2 輪胎滑移角模組...25 2.2.3 輪胎動態性能模組...27 2.2.4 前後轉向比例模組...30 2.2.5 阿克曼(Ackerman)轉向幾何模組...31 2.3 速度位移 轉換模組...33 2.4 預定路徑車速及方向盤轉角預估模組...34 2.5 與商用軟體CarSim??

褌?...36 2.5.1 於CarSim 作90km/hr 變換車道(Double LaneChange,DLC) ...37 2.6 循跡控制系統模組

(Traction Control System,TCS)...51 2.6.1 循跡控制系統模組與電子模擬輸出差速器模組測試...53 2.7 電動車輛 車身與電瓶參數設定模組...58 第三章適應性多目標前後輪轉向比值控制器...61 3.1 適應性比例 積分控制器設計...62 3.2 多目標實驗設計...64 3.2.1 繞錐測試(Sine Steer Test)

多目標實驗設計...65 3.2.2 變換車道(Double Lane Change,DLC)多目標實驗設計...82 3.3 控制器Kp 與Ki 隨車速 變化函數建立...99 3.3.1 繞錐測試下Kp 與Ki 隨車速變化函數建立...99 3.3.2 DLC 測試下Kp 與Ki 隨 車速變化函數建立...101 3.4 最佳化轉向角控制器繞錐測試結果比較...103 3.5 DLC 測試模

式Optimized 與Baseline 比較...107 第四章硬體迴路設計規劃...112 4.1 線傳轉向平台周邊硬 體與研究硬體設備介紹...112 4.1.1 Motohawk 硬體介紹...112 4.2 硬體架

構...113 4.3Motohawk 行車運算控制單元程式...115 4.4 轉向馬達控制程 式...117 第五章結論與建議...126 5.1 結

論...126 5.2 建議事項與未來研究項目...127 參考文 獻...128

參考文獻

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參考文獻

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