• 沒有找到結果。

第五章 研究結論與建議

5.2 研究建議

5.2.2 後續研究建議

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受效益的提升,提醒政府可以藉由加強政府電子採購網的資訊品質使地方採購 人員對於使用電子採購網感受效益的提升。

為了達成使用政府電子採購網促成更大的採購效益,政府應該了解不同標 案性質或機關單位對於員工感受效益影響因素的差異,針對這些意見來改善不 足的地方,由此也顯現出政府可以藉由改善政府電子採購網的系統品質、資訊 品質、服務品質,以及增強主管對於採購的支持,來強化內部顧客對於使用政 府電子採購網感受到的效益,並進而增進員工滿意度。

5.2.2 後續研究建議

1. 納入其他重要控制變項

在本研究中,將機關性質(中央機關、地方機關)與標案性質(工程類、

財物類、勞務類)作為控制變項,確實發現機關性質、標案性質不同對於員工 感受效益以及員工滿意度會產生影響,這些不同的影響因素,可以作為後續對 於系統、組織的改善建議,除了標案性質、機關性質之外,本論文認為採購的 金額也可以作為一個控制變項,現行法規規範十萬元以上的標案要公開招標,

必須公告至政府電子採購網上,因此,可以根據不同的採購金額做分類,比較 不同金額的標案對於員工感受品質以及員工滿意度是否會產生影響。

除此之外,地區性也是一個可以嘗試的控制變項,將地區劃分成北、中、

南、東、外島地區,或者是依據直轄市與非直轄市,探討地區差異是否會對於 員工感受效益以及員工滿意度有影響,地區差異可能隱含資訊不對稱、數位落 差、資源分配不均的情況。

2. 組織管理變數的選擇

在本研究中,對於組織管理變項是以主管支持(上行溝通、下行溝通;授 權)作為測量構面,選擇此構面的原因除了基於使用「電子治理績效模型與實 證研究」調查資料的限制,還包含本論文認為主管支持在電子採購內部顧客成 效評估因果模型中是一個重要的變項。關於主管支持對於知覺有用性,以及使 用 者 滿 意 度 的 影 響 , 在 一 些 科 技 接 受 的 研 究 中 , 已 經 得 到 證 實 (Igbaria, Guimaraes, & Davis,1995; Igbaria et al., 1997; Lawrence & Low, 1993; Yoon &

Guimaraes, 1995),只是在這些研究中,探討的主管支持是主管支持員工使用電 子化系統,但在本研究中主管支持指的是主管對於員工在採購業務處理時的協 助,意義上有所不同。經過次級資料的實證分析,顯示主管支持在本論文提出

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的電子採購內部顧客成效評估因果模型中,不論是對於員工感受效益或是員工 滿意度都具有一定的影響力,本論文認為系統使用的滿意度除了來自於系統本 身的品質,包含系統品質、服務品質、資訊品質之外,組織管理在此也有一定 的重要性。

且在蕭乃沂、朱斌妤(2011)以及朱斌妤(2010-2013)的研究中,以 Heeks (2006) 電子化政府價值鏈發展電子化政府計畫評估指標,在 G2E 計畫評估的部分,過 程階段的評估包含組織管理構面,因此,組織管理變項在本論文的模型中是適 宜的。且在「電子治理績效模型與實證研究」調查資料中,探討公務人員在處 理採購業務的壓力來源,其中一個因素來自於擔心觸法,在處理採購業務時,

受到許多法規的限制,包含政府採購法、個人資料保護法、電子簽章法、政府 資訊公開法等等,有六成的受訪者是擔心會觸犯法律,由此更顯現出主管支持 在處理採購中的重要性,無論政府電子採購系統做得再好,若沒有主管在採購 過程中提供需要的協助,對於使用者知覺政府電子採購系統的效益以及員工滿 意度容易受到減損。關於組織管理的變數,除了主管支持,提供與系統使用相 關的教育訓練,也是重要的因素,後續研究可以視研究主題的需求,設計適合 的組織管理要件做探討。

3. 研究對象與抽樣

本研究採用的次級資料分析對象為中央機關與地方機關的採購人員,尚有 國營事業、各級學校以及財團法人的使用者未納入討論,後續研究可以將此五 類人員與標案性質(工程類、財物類、勞務類)進行分層抽樣,比較不同的使 用者在感受效益與滿意度的影響因素是否有所差異。此外,由於本研究的研究 主體是內部顧客,也是希望先達成內部顧客的滿意,進而促成外部顧客的滿意,

因此,後續的研究,也可以考慮比較機關內部使用者與相對應的外部使用者,

驗證由內而外的滿意度的因果關係到底存在與否。

4. 研究方法

本研究採用量化分析,以結構式的方式進行討論,但有關於政府電子採購 網在使用、操作、對於採購人員實際的影響,或是他們在採購處理過程遭遇的 問題,有些地方無法清楚地釐清,且公務人員對於問卷的填寫都會偏向中間與 正向意見,這是使用量化分析的限制,後續研究可以加入質化分析,對於採購 人員進行訪談,以了解現行電子採購中更重要的問題癥結,以解決現有問題,

提升公務人員在使用電子採購的滿意度。

研究計畫(編號:NSC 99-2410-H-004-112-MY3),未出版。

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