未來研究建議

第五章結論與建議

第三節未來研究建議

本研究依據上述的限制以及實驗過程中可在改進的地方給予未來研究者建議如下：

一、擴大實驗參與者年齡：

文法的研究可擴大實驗參與者的年齡，並讓自動化增益效應趨於明顯，以適切回答 SLI 幼兒與 ND 幼兒之發展趨勢差異的起始年齡以及差異的型態是否隨年齡增長而改變等問題。此外，文法的研究亦可擴及不同的國籍，以了解不同國籍學習華語是否有不同的困難。

二、SLI 亞型分類方向：

未來研究若可觀察在語意－語法缺陷發生後的發展形式，了解「語法表徵缺陷」與

「一般認知缺陷」之關聯，則可進一步探明兩種缺陷本質上是單獨發生，因而有不同的亞型區分，或是合併發生而有軸度的概念，並適用於如 DSM-V 所建議的軸度區分 (DSM-V, 2010)。

三、實驗材料方面：

本研究字彙材料選自教育部「87 年常用語詞調查報告書」，句型亦僅指定一種S＋V

＋O 句型，未來研究者可含括更多日常生活中常用句型，並且使用更為貼近研究參與者日常所用之詞頻來構成實驗材料。並檢驗SLI 幼兒和 ND 幼兒在簡單句型及複雜句型表現上的差異，以反應特定型語言障礙缺陷之本質。除此之外，亦可驗證有限的文法使用，

是否也可當作本國SLI 兒童可靠的臨床指標之一。

四、電腦程式的建議：

程式畫面的繪圖以及版面配置方面可更為精緻。在「字彙熟悉度篩選程式」方面，

15 個名詞圖片可隨機出現，以避免練習效果的產生。記錄幼兒作答反應的輸出格式上，

除羅列自動選取的5 個名詞外，亦可修正涵括所有的作答正確率和反應時間。

五、對學前特教相關人員及家長的建議：

特定型語言障礙是一群很特別的孩子。本研究中發現，雖然SLI幼ND幼兒在語法自動化處理歷程上相同，但在正確率上，卻明顯有差異存在。文獻探討亦提及此類幼兒容易混淆於班級之中，錯失了早期療育的良機，因而學前特教相關人員及家長，如能對SLI 幼兒的特性有多一些的了解，並依循(1)觀察(2)篩選(3)進一步使用標準測驗等三個步驟，將能有效發覺隱身在大班級中的特殊幼兒。

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附錄一學前幼兒基本資料調查表

編號:_______

1.學生姓名：性別：□男 □女 2.出生日期：年月日

3.施測日期：年月日實足年齡: 年月日 4.就讀學校：縣(市)________ □幼稚園 □托兒所( 大班、中班 ) 5.是否具備發展遲緩證明或身心障礙手冊

□否

□是障礙類別: _____________障礙( 輕度、中度、重度) 6.是否做過聽力篩檢

□否

□是 (學校、醫院)

檢查結果:□ 正常 □ 異常：______________ □無法檢測 7.有無出現癲癇情況

□否

□是癲癇出現年齡：____歲_____月

目前情況： □服藥中 □自行停藥 □依醫生囑咐停藥 8.是否出現下列大腦功能問題:

□否

□是 : □ 腦性麻痺 □其他_______________

9.是否出現下列社會互動問題:

□ 否

□ 是 : □1.是別人嘲笑的對象 □2.逃避加入討論活動獲團體遊戲 □3.說自己很笨 □4.很少與老師或同學說話，常常很沉默 □5.缺乏朋友，常常一個人自己玩或到處晃

□6.無法理解別人的非口語暗示(一些動作、手勢) 10.填表人

□老師 □社工 □ 父母 □ 爺爺奶奶 □其他________

附錄二家長同意書

親愛的家長，您好：

口語是一連串的發展，早期的語言發展，可能會影響孩子日後的表現。本研究的主要目的在於探討特定型語言障礙幼兒的心理病理機制與正常發展幼兒之異同。並藉由實驗的結果，提供教師和家長做適切的介入，除了讓您更瞭解孩子的語言能力，並間接讓老師對孩子有更多的認識。

本研究擬利用貴子弟在校或治療課程時間，進行語言測驗、智力測驗、及電腦化圖形指認作業，以蒐集孩子在作答時的反應時間與正確率資料。

本研究在進行所有測驗與實驗的過程，預期將不會有任何導致您的孩子受到任何形式的身體或心理傷害的情況發生。

此外，本研究以保障您和孩子的權益和隱私為最高原則，所有的資料都將以編碼方式處理，研究結果也會以匿名方式呈現。在過程中，如有任何問題，可隨時提出與我進

在文檔中國立臺東大學幼兒教育學系碩士論文 (頁 111-127)

第五章 結論與建議

第三節 未來研究建議