第七章 建議
第二節 研究限制
（一）腦性麻痺組
本研究對象是腦性麻痺孩童父母親。由於人力、時間等因素限制，採病 例對照的方式，僅在高高屏地區，針對符合選樣條件者進行研究。由於國內 並無制訂腦性麻痺人口手冊，所以也只能就有帶孩童至復健門診就診的腦性 麻痺孩童父母親做收案，以致無法以隨機抽樣之原則來進行研究，因此本研 究可能無法充分反映所有腦性麻痺孩童父母親。後續研究者，若時間、經費、
人力充裕情況下，除了增加各區域樣本數外，也可比較其他慢性病患童母親 之壓力和生活品質。
針對這些符合選樣條件者，並無法確實得知在撫養腦性麻痺孩童前的 生活品質及親職壓力，但本研究之生活品質量表，是以台灣版世界衛生組織 生活品質問卷發展小組所發展完成的台灣「簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質問 卷(WHOQOLBREF)」為測量工具。在問卷的綜合自我評估中，有兩個題項，
分別為「綜合而言，我對我自己現在的健康相關生活品質的滿意度」、「總 和而言，在照顧腦性麻痺孩童之前，我對我自己健康相關生活品質的滿意 度」，可概略量測照顧腦性麻痺孩童前後的生活品質差異。
（二）健康組
由於研究時間、經費及人力有限，且生活品質問卷前後收案時間不宜過 久，致使健康組的受訪者採郵寄方式收案，容易導致研究上的誤差，日後應 採相同方式填寫。
二、研究設計與工具
本研究採問卷調查法，此方法所收集的資料較表淺，無法深入探討結構式問卷 中所收集的資料及隱含意義；研究工具中壓力量表是依據Abidin編制翻譯而來，生 活品質量表則為台灣版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷發展小組所發展完成的台灣「簡
明版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷」，量表皆涵蓋性廣泛、信效度良好，但腦性麻痺 孩童是特殊身心障礙孩童，非一般健康兒童，因此，日後研究希望能針對此腦性麻 痺孩童父母親設計問卷及加入開放式問題、深入訪談，結合量性與質性的研究分 析，使資料更為具體而深入。
因影響腦性麻痺孩童父母親的生活品質及親職壓力，在文獻上的討論甚廣，實 際上，一個家庭，父母親除了日常生活的照顧外，還需兼顧引導角色，使兄弟姊妹 及同儕接受腦性麻痺孩童，往後協助輔助孩子就業，尋求自我謀生能力。因此，有 腦性麻痺孩童的家庭，其家庭生活型態與家人個別角色，需配合孩童不同時期的需 求，做出不同的調整。本研究的孩童年齡選擇為0-12歲，導致問卷題項過多，雖然 幾乎為勾選是選項，但填寫問卷是否能確實反應父母親在照顧孩童時的真實情況，
則是需要加以考量，期待能在未來的研究中繼續探討。
三、問卷收集場所
本研究個案的收集，是在各復健醫療場所，收集個案時，研究者除了協助父母 親填寫問卷外，也在旁評估腦性麻痺孩童的粗大動作功能階級及手操作能力。因 此難免人聲吵雜、眾群走動，若碰上腦性麻痺孩童哭鬧、怕生、沒有意願執行治 療師指令時，都會影響孩童父母親填寫問卷的心情，希望日後研究收案時，能在 此方面多加注意與改進。
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表四-1、兩組兒童基本屬性取樣之分析
腦性麻痺組 健康組
基本屬性 分項 (N=147) (N=143) χ2值 p值
n(%) n (%)
性別 1.36 0.134
(1).男 94 (63.9%) 80 (55.9%) (2).女 53 (36.1%) 63 (44.1%)
年齡 0.50 0.919
(1) 1- 3足歲 29 (29.9%) 25 (17.5%) (2) 4- 6足歲 46 (31.5%) 50 (35.0%) (3) 7-9足歲 32 (21.9%) 31 (21.7%) (4) 10-12足歲 39 (26.7%) 37 (25.9%)
家中排行 1.71 0.635
(1) 老大 60 (40.8%) 69 (48.3%) (2) 老二 61 (41.5%) 51 (35.7%) (3) 老三 20 (13.6%) 17 (11.9%) (4) 老四 6 (4.1%) 6 (4.2 %)
就學狀況 39.38
0.000
(1) 未入學 48 (32.7%) 12 (8.4%)
(2) 已入幼稚園 24 (16.3%) 63 (44.1%) (3) 已入小學 75 (51.0%) 68 (47.6%)
相關疾病 33.66
0.000
(1).無 64 (43.5 %) 110 (76.9%) (2).有 83 (56.5%) 33 (23.1%) 統計方法：Chi-squareTest
p< 0.05
表四-1、兩組兒童基本屬性取樣之分析（續）
表四-1、兩組兒童基本屬性取樣之分析（續）