第五章 研究討論與建議
第三節 研究限制與建議
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第三節 研究限制與建議
本研究以問卷調查法進行流行音樂名人品牌之反饋效果研究,為了能準確測 量出消費者對歌手原品牌和延伸品牌的感受,選取了目前市場上較具知名度的四 則個案,然其中多品牌策略類型皆為臺灣歌手(張惠妹、S.H.E.),產品線延伸 策略類型則皆為韓國歌手(Super Junior、少女時代),使歌手所屬國籍成為本研 究不可控制之變項。未來研究也許可以透過實驗法進行,測試特定歌手運用不同 的品牌策略,是否會對消費者產生不同的契合度和反饋效果。
其次,本研究樣本的粉絲崇拜程度偏高,推測是因為本研究為了防止受試者 亂填答,因此在問卷設計中請受試者挑選熟悉的個案,並以歌手相關網站和電子 佈告欄作為主要問卷募集管道之故。建議未來可先透過探索性研究掌握樣本的粉 絲崇拜程度,再以問卷調查或實驗法測試名人品牌策略之反饋效果,使研究結果 更具外部效度。
再者,由於過去無人進行名人品牌反饋效果研究,因此本研究之反饋效果量 表乃修訂過去產品和服務品牌之相關研究量表得來,建議未來研究可針對流行音 樂以免費為大宗的消費形態,以及粉絲的消費行為,發展出適用於流行音樂名人 品牌之反饋效果量表,並針對本研究未成立之假設做進一步檢驗。
此外,過去反饋效果研究多以主品牌涉入度、忠誠度、喜好度為自變項 (Guiltinan, 1993; Mason & Milne, 1994; Reddy et al., 1994;),本研究依循過去文獻 的研究設計,以歌手主品牌的粉絲崇拜程度為自變項。而劉揚銘(2011)認為,
歌手推出附屬品牌的優點包括使從附屬品牌入門的粉絲,也成為主品牌粉絲,使 歌手主品牌的經濟效益和生命周期得以延展,因此未來研究可從附屬品牌著手,
測量附屬品牌的粉絲崇拜程度對反饋效果之影響。
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最後,依照 Armstrong and Kotler (2011)提出的品牌發展策略分類,品牌策略 除了本研究鎖定的延伸至既有產品類別的多品牌策略和產品線延伸策略外,還包 括延伸至新產品類別的品牌延伸策略和新品牌策略。以流行音樂名人品牌來說,
品牌延伸策略就是以原來名稱進行跨界演出或異業經營,例如美國歌手珍妮佛洛 佩茲的同名服飾品牌;新品牌策略則是歌手以不同名稱拓展音樂以外的事業版圖,
例如周杰倫的 Mr.J 餐飲集團,建議未來研究也可以針對這兩種品牌策略進行探 究。
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Super Junior-M
4 男 23 大學 NT$5,001-10,000 少女時代&
少女時代-TTS 5 女 27 研究所 NT$5,001-10,000 Super Junior &
Super Junior-M 6 女 26 研究所 NT$10,001-20,000 Super Junior &
Super Junior-M 7 女 24 大學 NT$60,001 以上 S.H.E. &田馥甄 8 女 22 研究所 NT$10,001-20,000 張惠妹&阿密特 9 女 20 大學 NT$5,001-10,000 Super Junior &
Super Junior-M 10 女 20 大學 NT$5,000 以下 S.H.E. &田馥甄 資料來源:本研究自行整理
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經質性訪談後,受試者對大部份的題項都沒有難以理解或難以回答之處,唯 針對第三部分契合度,有五位受試者認為「我認為歌手 B(附屬品牌)和歌手 A
(主品牌)傳達相同的訴求」此一題項中,未清楚說明是何方面的訴求,使受試 者無從判斷。由於根據文獻,該題項是用以測量主副品牌形象是否一致,因此本 研究將題意敘述改為「我認為歌手 B 和歌手 A 的形象包裝傳達相同的訴求」。
另外,在第四部分同類競食效果的題項中,有四位受試者認為對沒有實際購 買主品牌音樂作品的消費者來說,「我會改購買歌手 B 的音樂作品。」此一題項 難以填答。因此研究者針對該題稍作修改,提供受試者模擬情境,以測量附屬品 牌是否對主品牌的銷量形成排擠。本研究將此題修改為「若歌手 A 和歌手 B 的 音樂作品同時上市,我會比較傾向購買歌手 B 的音樂作品」。
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附錄二:正式施測網頁截圖(以張惠妹 &阿密特為例)
第一部分:名人品牌策略類型選擇
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第二部分:品牌熟悉度
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第二部份:粉絲崇拜程度
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第三部份:契合度
第四部份:同類競食效果
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第五部份:外溢效果
第六部份:基本資料