題名: 兒童 --- 天生的哲學家論兒童哲學的推理及思考 作者: 林麗員
貢獻者: 嘉義大學
關鍵詞: 兒童哲學;推理;思考;判斷;生活經驗 日期: 2005-12-01
上傳時間: 2009-12-08T05:25:09Z 出版者: 亞洲大學幼兒教育學系
摘要: 每個個體在學習的過程中，試著認知自我、把握自己思想的意向，在學習上具有指標 性的意義。透過思考，可以加深認識自己，也就是笛卡兒所謂的：「我思，故我在」。
兒童，非幼稚的個體，如果成人願意耐心的傾聽與瞭解兒童的內在世界，便會發 現，由於好奇、敏銳與天真，兒童確實是天生的哲學家，他們會提出成人習以為常、
毫不察覺的問題，也能以最不受拘束的想法來看待世界。兒童哲學的目的是為啟發兒 童的思想、培養推理能力、發展兒童的社會能力。兒童哲學家李普曼認為：為讓兒童 瞭解哲學而採取的實驗教學，其目的是教導兒童如何思考，讓兒童親自體驗哲學討 論的過程，和眾人一起做推理的活動（引自詹棟樑，2000）。推理的訓練可以使兒 童慣於思考，歸結事情的真相。哲學並非成人的專業，哲學是人人可從事的思想活 動，兒童時期即給予機會，令其與成人對話，讓語言熟練的成人輔導天真單純的兒 童，共創兒童與成人的思想之旅，透過如此的歷程，獲得知識與經驗來解決問題。經 由思考，也將使兒童免於盲目嘗試錯誤的行為。 Trying to aware of ourselves and to handle our thinking are very important during our learning process. We can know about ourselves deeply through thinking, that’s said by Decartes:I think, therefore I am. Children are not ignorance, if every adult can pay attention and understanding to the inner world of children, we can find that children are born to be a philosophers because of their curiosity, sensitivity and naivete. Children always ask the
question which we take it for granted, children’s thinking just like the wind , they won’t be bounded by reality. The purpose of children’s philosophy inspires children’s ideas and develop the ability of reason and society. Matthew Lipman said: In order to let children know about philosophy, teacher takes the experimental teaching skill to lead
children how to think, let children consider about the discussion process of philosophy and doing the reasoning activity.（引自詹棟樑，2000） The training of reason can let children used to think and to conclude the truth of things. Philosophy does not only for the adult but also for everyone, we should give children the opportunity to discussing with adult. A well speaking adult guiding a naïve child will make a wonderful thinking journey. By thinking that children can obtain the experience and
the knowledge to solve problem and to free from blind behavior.
