水產養殖低溫保護機制之探討 吳昭宏、洪淑嫻
E-mail: [email protected]
摘 要
台灣氣候溫和,月平均溫度通常在17至27℃之間。但秋冬之際(甚至春初),偶因冷鋒帶來的冷空氣,會導致氣溫驟降 至10℃甚至是更低之溫度,並持續此低溫數天,造成水產養殖業者重大的損失。在低溫環境,細胞中電子傳遞鏈傾向產生 活性氧分子,此為魚體遭受寒害的重要因素之一。因此,可清除活性氧分子之維他命C被施用於魚體上,用以評估處理後 朱文錦及吳郭魚於低溫下之存活率是否有所改善。朱文錦(Carassius auratus)在10-4 M維他命C、24小時前處理後,再處以8
℃、3小時的逆境,其存活率76± 15%,相較於未經藥物處理之存活率30± 10%,有顯著差異。因維他命C本身藥性不穩 定,實際施用上較為困難,因此有必要另尋求藥性穩定且亦具低溫保護效果之藥劑。目前發現之藥物Compound X,以濃 度10-4 M對朱文錦進行24小時前處理後,再處以8℃、3小時之低溫逆境,其存活率50± 5%,而未經藥物處理存活率則僅 有30± 10%。維他命C和Compound X對朱文錦皆有低溫保護效用,將其處理條件推及經濟魚種吳郭魚(Oreochromis niloticus),結果發現同樣亦具保護效果。未經任何藥物處理之吳郭魚,經低溫逆境(10℃、4小時)後,存活率13± 5%;
而在經10-4 M維他命C或10-4 M Compound X前處理24小時後,再處於相同之低溫逆境,其存活率分別為30± 20%以及40
± 0%,皆有顯著提升。
關鍵詞 : 維他命C、Compound X、抗寒、朱文錦、吳郭魚 目錄
封面內頁 簽名頁 中文摘要iii 英文摘要iv 誌謝v 目錄vi 圖目錄viii (空一行) 第一章 前言1 第一節 水產養殖與寒流1 第二節 防寒措施與提高抗寒能力1 第三節 低溫與氧化傷害3 第四節 抗氧化防禦與維他命C4 第二章 材料與方法6 第一節 實驗藥品6 第二節 實驗材料及生長條件6 第三節 實驗方法6 第四節 朱文錦低溫敏感性測試7 第五節 朱文錦冷馴化溫度測試7 第六節 維 他命C藥物測試7 第七節 Compound X藥物劑量測試8 第八節 Compound X藥物作用時間測試8 第九節 吳郭魚低溫敏感性測 試8 第十節 吳郭魚冷馴化溫度測試9 第十一節 吳郭魚不同藥物測試9 第十二節 統計方法9 第三章 結果10 第一節 朱文錦、
吳郭魚低溫敏感性測試 10 第二節 冷馴化前處理可提高朱文錦、吳郭魚抗寒能力11 第三節 維生素C前處理可提高朱文錦抗 寒能力12 第四節 Compound X前處理可提高朱文錦抗寒能力12 第五節 維生素C、Compound X前處理可提高吳郭魚抗寒能 力13 第四章 結論15 第一節 低溫前處理提高抗寒能力15 第二節 維生素C、Compound X前處理提高抗寒能力15 參考文獻18 圖一、 朱文錦低溫敏感性測試22 圖二、 朱文錦冷馴化溫度測試23 圖三、 Compound X藥物劑量測試24 圖四、 Compound X藥物作用時間測試25 圖五、 維它命C藥物測試26 圖六、 吳郭魚低溫敏感性測試27 圖七、 吳郭魚冷馴化溫度測試28 圖八
、 吳郭魚不同藥物測試29 參考文獻
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