Correlation between Triaxial Accelerometer Measured Vector Magnitude/Energy
Consumption and Oxygen Consumption during Treadmill Walking
Li-Lan Fu Yuh-Jiun Chen
Purpose: The research purpose is to investigate correlation between triaxial accelerometer measured vector magnitude, energy consumption and oxygen consumption during treadmill walking among middle-aged population. Methods: Twenty-four middle-aged apparently healthy subjects were recruited to participate in this study. All subjects randomly walked on treadmill under 9 conditions (speed 2, 3, 4 mph combined with slope 0%, 3.5% and 7 %). Each exercise lasted for 5 minutes and there were at least 5 minutes rest time in between. The triaxial accelerometer (RT3, Stayhealthy, Inc.) and indirect calorimetry (SensorMedics, Vmas 29) were used simultaneously. Results: Mean age of subjects is 30.0 ± 4.9 years. RT3 energy consumption vs. indirect calorimetry and RT3 vector magnitude vs. indirect calorimetry are both highly correlated ( r = .66, p < .01, r = .74, p < .01)。Under 0 %、3.5 %、7 % three different slopes, correlations between RT3 energy consumption and vector magnitude vs. indirect calorimetry are r = .74, .86, r = .78, .87 and r = .85, .91 (p all< .01)。While under 2, 3, 4 mph three different speed, correlations between RT3 energy consumption and vector magnitude vs. indirect calorimetry are r =- .22 (p > .05), - .51 (p < .01) and r =- .14 (p > .05), - .17(p > .05) and r = .02 (p > .05), .27(p < .05)。 Conclusions: RT3 is significantly correlated with oxygen consumption in evaluating energy consumption during treadmill walking, although it is more sensitive to change of speed rather than change of slope and tend to overestimate energy consumption.
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前言
身體活動(physical activity)是指身體骨骼肌收縮並消耗能量的各種活動,於概念上 可分類為「工作相關的身體活動」(work-related physical activity)及「休閒生活相關 的身體活動」(leisure time physical activity)。身體活動量越大,所消耗的能量就越 多。現今的社會有許多的坐式生活型態者,因為身體活動的減少使得能量消耗也降低,如 果飲食又沒有加以控制,就很容易造成肥胖,而肥胖是許多心血管疾病的危險因子,並且, 身體活動的增加與降低慢性疾病危險因子之間有相關性,1 尤其是心血管系統的疾病,因此 藉由身體活動的增加而提高能量消耗是很重要的。 評估身體活動的方法包括運動日誌、運動問卷、耗氧量評估等等,方便、可信又準確 的評估方式有助於量化身體活動及能量消耗,有助於體重控制與慢性病之預防與治療。近 年來發展出的三軸加速規 RT3(Stayhealthy, Inc.)三度空間加速規即是身體活動評估工具 的一種,在文獻上被應用於成人及兒童肥胖控制,2-3 臨床上也應用於慢性阻塞性肺疾病、 多發性硬化症、膝關節炎等相關研究,4-6 但國內仍缺乏相關的研究,因此希望能於本實驗 中探討此三度空間加速規量化身體活動的能量消耗之效度及可能的限制,希望這種便利的 評估儀器在未來能適當應用於更多的研究之中。因此,本研究的目的是評估在三種不同坡 度、速度的跑步機測試時,由 RT3 三度空間加速規所測得之向量大小、估計的能量消耗和 間接量熱計所測得的耗氧量之間的相關性。研究假設在三種不同坡度、速度的跑步機測試 時,由 RT3 三度空間加速規所測得之向量大小、估計的能量消耗和間接量熱計所測得的實 際能量消耗有良好的相關性。
研究方法
研究對象 由國立體育學院及長庚大學徵求 24 位年齡在 30 至 45 歲中年且身體健康的志願者, 男、女各 12 人。受試者於實驗前皆已簽署一份同意書。本研究經國立體育學院人體試驗委 員會審核通過實行。 實驗器材與設備 包括 RT3 三度空間加速規 (Stayhealthy, Inc.)、測量耗氧量使用能量代謝測試分析 系統(SensorMedics, Vmax 29)及可調坡度實驗跑步機(Cosmed Programmable Sport treadmill Model T150E),各項儀器於實驗前皆需完成校正手續。60 秒決定一次平均值,最後選取每次測試的第 2-4 分鐘的平均值作為資料分析,去除加速 期及減速期可能造成的誤差。測量身體加速度是將 RT3 三度空間加速規固定在受試者的右 邊髖部測量身體三個方向的加速度,設定以 1 分鐘間隔時間收集資料,最後選取每次測試 的第 2-4 分鐘的平均值作為資料分析。能量消耗是使用製造業者內建的專利公式,由向量 大小值轉換而來。 資料處理與統計分析
使用皮爾森積差相關(Pearson product-moment correlation)比較由 RT3 三度空間加速 規所估計的能量消耗和間接量熱計所測得的實際能量消耗之間的相關性。
使用重複量測單因子變異數分析(repeated measure one-way ANOVA),由 RT3 三度空間加 速規所評估的能量消耗和測得的向量大小、及間接量熱計三者分別比較在三種不同坡度、 速度之差異性。實驗結果以 SPSS/PC 10.0 軟體分析。
研究結果
共有 24 位自願者(男、女各 12 人,平均年齡 34.0 ± 4.9 歲)完成所有測試。受試者基 本資料如表 1,數值以平均值 ± 標準差表示。 RT3 三度空間加速規和耗氧量之相關性知,加速規可以區分不同速度的行走,其中 RT3 三度空間加速規顯示較佳的評估結果。 本實驗結果在 2、3、4 mph 三種不同的跑步機速度時,分別顯示 RT3 三度空間加速規 所評估的能量消耗和向量大小對於坡度的變化,與間接量熱計的相關性較低(表 4)。此結 果與之前 Fehling 等人的研究結果相同,13 他們測試 Caltrac 單軸加速規和 Tritrac 三軸加 速規在老年人行走於 3 種坡度(0.4、3.0、5.1 %)的跑步機、以及 3 種高度(15.2、20.3、 25.4 公分)的登階運動時的結果,以間接量熱計為效標。結果在強度達 60%-80% VO2max的跑
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