• 沒有找到結果。

第六章 結論與建議

第三節 後續研究方向

本研究主要以訪談與問卷並行來作為研究的基礎,但是不可避免受到一些研 究限制,由於台灣地區扣件產業通過 QS 9000 和 ISO/TS 16949:2002 驗證的相關 廠商不多,因此,問卷的樣本數目前小於 30,但後續應該有更多廠商會通過相 關品質系統驗證,便可採取量化的研究來使研究結論更具參考性與說服性。

此外其他利基市場區隔,例如航太用扣件的品質系統 AS 9000 以及通訊用扣 件的品質系統 TL 9000,也是值得進一步研究的市場區隔。

另外,台灣扣件廠商都是以外銷為主,台灣在加入 WTO 後,對於台灣扣件產 業的影響、或是中國大陸市場的發展對台灣扣件業者的影響等在本研究中並未深 入探討,將值得後續研究者擴大深入研究,便可使研究結果更具參考性。

最後,期望本研究結果對於台灣地區扣件廠商之經營有所幫助。

參考文獻

一、中文部分:

1. 方至民,2000,企業競爭優勢,台北,前程企管。

2. 何純嫻,2000, QS 9000 關鍵成功因素之實證研究,成功大學工業管理學系 碩士論文。

3. 吳彥明,2003, QS 9000 品質系統實施效益之研究,成功大學高階管理碩士 在職專班碩士論文。

4. 吳思華(1996),策略九說:策略思考的本質,台北:麥田出版社。

5. 吳思華(2000),策略九說:策略思考的本質,台北市:臉譜文化出版。

6. 吳榮義,1998,技術移轉與台灣中小企業之發展-以螺絲螺帽為例,台灣區 螺絲工業同業公會。

7. 邱榮舉,2002,學術論文寫作研究,台北,翰蘆圖書公司。

8. 金屬工業研究中心,2005,ITIS 計畫,2000-2003 年螺絲螺帽業現況分析。

9. 林文燦、陳光辰,1998,系統化之推行 ISO9000 推動方法,技術學刊,第 13 卷,第 1 期,p.87-90。

10.林素玲,2004,台灣扣件產業競爭策略探討-以三星科技股份有限公司為例,

大葉大學事業經營研究所碩士論文。

11.柯志強(2001),「歐盟對台灣不鏽鋼螺絲螺帽課征反傾銷稅案例之研究」,國 立中山大學企管研究所碩士論文。

12.涂順章,1998,企業建立 QS 9000 品質保證制度之實證研究-以汽車零組件為 例,元智大學工業工程研究所碩士論文。

13.許益銓,2001,國內汽車及其相關產業導入 QS 9000 品質系統之實證研究,

朝陽科技大學工業工程與管理系碩士班碩士論文。

14.黃振育,2004, ISO/TS 16949:2002 與 TQM 關連之研究,義守大學管理科學

研究所碩士論文。

15.劉碧芬,1997,國內汽車零件業導入 QS 9000 品保管理制度之探索性研究,

東吳大學企業管理學系碩士論文。

16.蘇哲仁、林家五譯(1999),策略管理,台北:五南出版公司。譯自 Miller &

Dess(1996)。

二、英文部分:

1. Aaker, D. A. (1984) “Developing Business Strategies”, Wiley & Sons, New York.

2. Aaker, D. A. (1989) “Managing Assets and Skill: The Key to a Sustainable Competitive Advantage”, California Management Review, pp.91-106.

3. AIAG(1999), Production Part Approval Program PPAP, Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors

4. Barney, J. B. (1991), “Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage,”

Journal of Management, 17(1), pp.99-120.

5. Collis, D. J. and C. A. Montgomery. 1995. Competing on Resources: Strategy in the 1990s. Harvard Business Review, p.118-128.

6. Conner, K. R. (1991) “ A Historical Comparison of Resource-Based Theory and Five Schools of Hought within Industril Organization Economics: Do We Have a New Theory of the Firm?” Journal of Maanagement 17(1), pp.121-154.

7. Coyne, K.P., (1986) “Sustainable Competitive Advantage- What It Is, What It Isn’t,” Business Horizons, 29(1), pp.54-61.

8. Coyne, M.S., J.M. Howell, and R.E. Phillips. 1997. How do bacteria move through soil? Soil Science News and Views. Vol. 18. No. 1. Agronomy Department, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY.

9. Caglayan A., and C. Harrison(1997), gent Sourcebook, Canada: John Wiley &

Sons, Inc.

10. D’Aveni, R. (1994) “Hyprecompetition: Managing the Dynamics of Strategic Maneuvering”, New York: Free Press.

11. Desatnick R.L. (2001), “Does QS 9000 Really Protect the Customer?”, The Journal for Quality & Participation, Association for Quality and Participation, Spring, pp.46-48.

12. Dierickx, I. and Cool. K. (1989) “ Asset Stock Accumulation and Sustainability of Competitive Advantages”. Management Science,35, pp.1504-1511.

13. Grant, R. M. (1991) “The Resource-Based Theory of Competitive Advantage:

Implication for Strategy Formulation”, California Management Review, 33(3), pp.114-135.

14. Hamel, G. and Heene, 1994, “The Concept of Core Competence, Competence-Based Competition”, N.Y.:John Wiley and Sons Press, pp.11-33.

15. Harrison, 1997, “Expanding Our Now:The Story of Open Space Technology”.

Berrett Koehler Publishers, Inc

16. Hunt, S. D. and Morgan, R. M. (1995) “The Comparative Advantage Theory of Competition”, Journal of Marketing ,59(1), pp.1-15.

17. Hill, C. W. L. and Jones, C.R., (2001) “Strategic Management: An Integrated Approch,” Fifth Edition, Boston: Houghton Mifflin.

18. Jone, B., (1997), “Achieving Peak to Peak Performance Using QS 9000”. IIE Solution, 29(1), p.34-39.

19. Lado, A. A., Boyd, N. G. and Wright, P. (1992) “ A Competency-Based Model of Sustainable Competitive Advantage: Toward a Conceptual Integration”, Journal of Management 18(1), pp.77-91.

20. .Long C and Vickers-Koch M. ,1994, Using Core Capabilities to Create Competitive Advantage, Organizational Dynamics, pp.7-22

21. Li, J. M.& Deng,(1999), “Meaning and Precision of Adaptive Fuzzy Systems with Gaussian-type Membership Functions,” Fuzzy Sets and Systems, Vol 127, Issue. 1, pp. 85-97, April,.

22. Litsikeas, M. (1997). “ QS-9000 Scores High Among Suppliers”. Quality, 36, (10) p.24-30.

23. Miller, D., and Shamsic, J. (1996) “The Resource-Based View of the Firm in Two

Environments: The Hollywood Film Studios form 1936 to 1965”, Academy of Management Journal, 39(1):pp.519-543.

24. Peteraf, M.A.(1993), “The Cornerstones of competitive advantage: a resource-based view”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol.14,pp.179-191

25. Prahalad and Hamel(1990), The Core Competence of the Corporation, Harvard Business Review, Vol. May-June

26. Porter, M. E. (1980), “Competitive Strategies”, NY: Free Press.

27. Porter, M. E. (1985), “Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance,” New York: Free Press.

28. Reed, R. and Defillippi, R.J., (1990) “ Causal Ambiguity, Barriers to Imitation, and Sustainable Competitive Advantage”, Academy of Management Review, 15(1), pp.88-102.

三、網站部分:

1. 托福實業股份有限公司,http://www.sfe.com.tw 2. 金屬工業研究發展中心,http://www.mirdc.org.tw 3. 嘉益工業股份有限公司,http://www.chiai.com.tw

4. 德國萊因技術顧問監護公司,http://www.twn.tuv.com.tw 5. Nedschroef,http://www.nedschroef.nl/

6. Semblex,http://www.semblex.com

附錄一、訪談內容與結果

受訪者︰托福實業股份有限公司

1. 貴公司將自己定位為一家怎樣的公司?

Ans: 為生產汽車用螺絲(栓)及特殊高品質螺絲(栓)。

2. 在經營策略上,與其他同業有何不同之處?

Ans: 與國際大廠結盟,為其在台虛擬工廠,以間接進入汽車供應鏈。

3. 整個營運流程中,哪些部分最為擅長?最具競爭力?

Ans: 特殊品的開發及品質的控制。

4. 利用何種模式或策略來提升利潤?

Ans: 專注深耕汽車用特殊螺絲。

5. 對於扣件產業未來發展有何看法?

Ans: 依據上下游供應鏈的配合,扣件產業在台灣的未來發展應是樂觀的。

6. 汽車業品質系統(QS 9000、ISO/TS16949)對於貴公司營運上的影響為何?

Ans: 引導本公司持續往高品質、特殊品市場的開發,避免與同業做無利益 的價格競爭。

7. 導入汽車業品質系統(QS 9000、ISO/TS16949)提升貴公司哪些競爭優勢?

Ans: 品質的提升、對客戶的服務(如抱怨、交貨處理)的提升、製造成本的 受訪者您好:

本問卷為進行學術研究之用,其目的為探討扣件產業實施 QS 9000 與 ISO/TS16949 的一些想法。本問卷純粹作為學術研究之用,絕不做其 他用途,最後感謝您的幫忙。

國立中山大學管理學院企業管理研究所 指導教授:盧淵源 教授

國立中山大學管理學院高階經營碩士班 研究生:陳文德

控管更為確實。

8. 導入汽車業品質系統(QS 9000、ISO/TS16949)的優點為何?

Ans: 藉由對品質系統的了解,全體員工對於滿足客戶要求上能採取更一致 的行動。

9. 汽車業品質系統(QS 9000、ISO/TS16949)如何提升貴公司在產業供應鏈中 的地位與價值?

Ans: 藉由 QS/TS 証照的取得,更易說服上下游供應商配合提升相關服務,

進而提升本產業的附加價值。

受訪者︰嘉益工業股份有限公司

1.貴公司將自己定位為一家怎樣的公司?

Ans: 領導品牌。

2.在經營策略上,與其他同業有何不同之處?

Ans: 市場區隔,品質行銷。

3.整個營運流程中,哪些部分最為擅長?最具競爭力?

Ans: 品質優,交貨迅速,服務客戶滿意度佳。

4.利用何種模式或策略來提升利潤?

Ans: 掌握市場資訊,提供客戶適材適用。

5.對於扣件產業未來發展有何看法?

Ans: 協助下游客戶轉型,提升產品附價。

6.汽車業品質系統對於貴公司營運上的影響為何?

Ans: 提升產品品質,內部管理提升。

7.導入汽車業品質系統提升貴公司哪些競爭優勢?

Ans: 品質,準確交期。

8.導入汽車業品質系統的優點為何?

Ans: 確保企業長期經營的品質理念。

9.汽車業品質系統可以提升貴公司在產業供應鏈中的哪些地位與價值?

Ans: 確保產品領先地位,增加客戶對公司長期的信賴。

受訪者您好:

本問卷為進行學術研究之用,其目的為探討扣件產業實施 QS 9000 與 ISO/TS16949 的一些想法。本問卷純粹作為學術研究之用,絕不做其 他用途,最後感謝您的幫忙。

國立中山大學管理學院企業管理研究所 指導教授:盧淵源 教授

國立中山大學管理學院高階經營碩士班 研究生:陳文德

受訪者︰Nedschroef Hold.

1. What is your company’s position in fasteners industry?

Ans: Nedschroef belongs to the top-5 supplier in Europe among automoive-fastener suppliers.

2. What do you think the future development about the fastener industry?

Ans: Following trends can be noticed:

♣ Companies will be much more involved in “problem-solving/development of the fastening-joint” due to the automotive ever increasing cycle-times and need for capital reduction.

♣ Globalisation, not only among automotive-industry, but also sub-suppliers (R. Bosch/Faurecia/Johnson-Controls) forcing fastener-companies to act globally.

♣ Integration of product and services: apart from bringing the product up to the line (line-feeding) it could come to a point a fastener-co. becomes responsible for the actual joint, i.e. they have to apply the bolt/nut in the car.

3. Some companies in fasteners industry adopt QS 9000 and ISO/TS16949. What is your opinion?

Hello:

The questionnarire are for research. The purpose is to understand the company’s opinion which adopt QS 9000 and ISO/TS16949. Thanks for your help.

National Sun Yat-sen University Business Administration Professor : Iuan-yuan Lu

National Sun Yat-sen University EMBA Graduate student: Wen-Te Chen

incl. training etc. and as in every industry, people (incl. Training-programmes’) should be considered the key-asset of any company.

4. Some companies in fasteners industry adopt QS 9000 and ISO/TS16949. What is your company’s role in this process?

Ans: Nedschroef concentrated on having TS 16949 implemented within its total Organisation.

5. How do you think the quality standard affect the fastener company?

Ans: In itslef, a quality-standard doesn’t affect the co.,; what is crucial is that employees change form quantity-oriented (output in pieces and/or kilgrames per hour) into quality-oriented (output of correct parts per hour) people. In other words, they should feel personally resposnable for the quality the produce.

6. How does the quality management system help those companies increase their strength and competition?

Ans: based on two major and simple principles:

A: by being quality-oriented, overall (total-) costs will be best-in-class.

B: Co. will also be (in all aspects as delivery-time/quotaion-time/reaction time) best performer as well.

7. How does the quality management system increase the company’s value and position in industry supply chain?

Ans: By introducing/keeping strict quality-rules, co. not only proves its effectiveness on its direct operation, but can also be considered a valued partner for upstream/downstream activities (ie. Wire-drawing or logistical operations).

8. After the company in fasteners industry adopt the QS 9000 and ISO/TS16949. Does it bring some benefit or increase some value?

Ans: A: Certain customers only select you for quotaion-process if you are quality-approved.

B: In certain cases, no additional auditing necessary but reference to quality-approval sufficient.

C: More important, by implementing quality the whole organization, form quotaion till claim-management will act more professional and as such enable final client to perform better in his market and by helping your client, you will grow yourself.

受訪者︰Semblex Corp.

1. What is your company’s position in fastener industry?

Ans: Top25%

2. What do you think the future development about the fastener industry?

Ans: will be good

3. Some companies in fasteners industry adopt QS 9000 and ISO/TS16949. What is your opinion?

Ans: ISO/ TS replacing QS (expires 12/06)

4. Some companies in fasteners industry adopt QS 9000 and ISO/TS16949. What is your company’s role in this process?

Ans: will be ISO/TS cersified shoring

5. How do you think the quality standard affect the fastener companies?

Ans: Influences good quality.

6. How does quality management help those company increase their strength and competition?

Ans: better organization.

7. How does the quality management system increase the company’s value and position in industry supply chain?

Ans: Improved performance.

8. After the company in fasteners industry adopt the QS 9000 and ISO/TS16949. Does it bring some benefit or increase some value?

Ans: Yes Hello:

The questionnarire are for research. The purpose is to understand the company’s opinion which adopt QS 9000 and ISO/TS16949. Thanks for your help.

National Sun Yat-sen University Business Administration Professor : Iuan-yuan Lu

National Sun Yat-sen University EMBA Graduate student: Wen-Te Chen

受訪者:金屬工業研究發展中心

1.金屬中心在扣件產業中的定位為何?

Ans: 扶持產業升級,維繫台灣扣件產業競爭力。

2.對於扣件產業的未來發展有何看法?

Ans: 中低價位產品將逐漸失去競爭力,台灣應朝高附加價值產品發展並加 強研發能力。

3.關於扣件產業導入相關汽車業品質系統,如︰QS 9000 及 ISO-TS16949 有何看 法?

Ans: 對內可提升管理能力,對外有利於訂單擴展,扣件業對新標準的接受 度高,可能與國際化程度高有關。

4.對於扣件產業中的廠商,金屬中心在廠商導入汽車業品質系統時扮演的角色為

4.對於扣件產業中的廠商,金屬中心在廠商導入汽車業品質系統時扮演的角色為