• 沒有找到結果。

未來研究建議

第六章 結論與建議

6.2 未來研究建議

本研究同時採用重要度與滿意度分析,及決策詴驗與實驗評估法分析該學術研究單 位之專案計劃組織的組織文化構面如何影響專案組織運作;藉由分析結果可發現專案組 織中,若該專案組織所屬型態與實際上是否相符,而由分析組織文化的結構關聯中應得 知從哪些項目著手改善與管理較為有效率提升整體組織運作與績效。

個案分析的結果顯示,該組織所重視的部份受到其他表現不佳的構面所支配,因此 若不能提高對於高支配構面高支配項目的關注,還是無法有效改善現況。若能將本研究 所提的高支配項目(領導風格、需求整合等)的改善與管理,並可使組織文化構面有所改 善,進而改善專案績效,但是這些項目已是長年累月形成難於一時修正,如同領導風格 項目,明顯能看出此組織中的領導者,對於該組織的組織文化影響專案績效不佳有極大 的關聯性,整個領導風格牽動組織的運作與其他構面項目。

又因本研究僅能探討其專案組織現況下的組織文化結構關聯為何,倘若不同時間背 景下,員工們對於此組織文化個項目的體悟也許有所不同,對於未來的評估上無法做到。

本研究案例採用質性研究的方式先行融入組織,此行為或許對內部人員已造成心態上之 謹戒,對於此敏感議題有所保留,若能避開敏感度問題長時間融入組織的情況下,進行 一系列分析,其結果並能更其精準完善。

未來若相關研究能將不同個案所產生之結果作為整合分析,必能得到更客觀之結論。

而組織文化為影響專案組織績效因素的其中一環,若能配合其他構面進行分析,便能得 到更多影響專案組織績效的因素與原因。而研究點出之關鍵項目的改善方式無法從此研 究說明,研究謹建議整個管理注意的重點項目,將影響降至最低績效提升最高。

93

參考文獻 英文部分

1. Adams J. R., & Barndt S.E.,(1988), Behavioral Implications of the Project Life Cycle , Project Management Handbook, D.I. Cleland and W.R. King(Eds.),Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.

2. Archibald R. B., (1981), The Implementation of Project Management: The Professional’s Handbook, Massachusette: Addison-Wesley Publishing, 178.

3. Barbara A. A., Jaffe W. and Lin, L., (1994), ―Purdue University, Use of the Service

Attribute Matrix to Measure Consumer Satisfaction,‖ Hospitality Research Journal, 17(2), 65-68.

4. Bubshait, Khaled A., & Willem J.S, (1992), Project Characteristics That Influence the Implementation of Project Management Techniques: A Survey, Project Management Journal, vol.23, p43-47.

5. Chiu, Y. J., Chen, H. C., Tzeng, G. H., & Shyu, J. Z., (2006), Marketing strategy based on customer behaviour for the LCD-TV. International Journal and Decision Making. 7(2/3), 143-165.

6. Cleland D. I. and King W. R., Eds., (1983), The Cultural Ambience of the Matrix Organization, Project Management Handbook.

7. Hammasi, M., Strong, K.C. and Taylor S. A., (1994), ―Measuring Service Quality for Strategies Planning and Analysis in Service Firms,‖ Journal of Applied Business Research, Vol.10, No.4, pp.24-34.

8. Hollenhorst, S., Olson, D., and Fortney, R. (1992), ―Use of Importance-Performance Analysis to Evaluate State Park Cabins: The Case of the West Virginia State Park Syste,‖

Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, Vol.10, No.1, 1-11.

9. Hori, S., & Shimizu, Y., (1999), Designing methods of human interface for supervisory control systems. Control Engineering Practice, 7(11), 1413-1419.

10. Hou, C. H. & Yao, C. W., (1997), A study of relationships between resident attitude of leisure and satisfaction for using neighborhood park in Taichung City. Taipei : Leisure Recreation Behavior. Outdoor Recreation Assciation. 117-118.

11. Jelinek, M., Smircich, L., & Hirsch, P. (1983). Introduction: a code of many colors.

Administrative science quarterly, 28, 331-338.

12. Kamaike, M., (2001), Design elements in the passenger car development: The

94

classification and the influence analysis in case of recreational vehicle. Japanese Society for the Science of Design, 48(1), 29-38.

13. Kerzner H., (1984) Project Management for Executives New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., P.99.

14. Kerzner H., (1994), Project Management: A systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling, Van Nostra and Reinhold, 4th ed.

15. Lewis, R. C. and Chambers, R. E.,(1989), Marketing leadership in hospitality, New York:

Van Nostrand Reinhold. Marketing (The Haworth Press, Inc.), 5(3), 207–223.

16. Lock D., (1988), Project Management, Gower, 4th ed.

17. Louis, N. R. (1980). Surprise and sense-making: What newcomers experience in entering unfamiliar organizational setting. Americative science quarterly, 25, 226-251.

18. Moder, J.J., (1988), Network Techniques in Project Management, Project Management Handbook,2nd ed, D.I. Cleland & W.R. King(Eds.),Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.

19. Mustapha F.H., Naoum S., (1998), Factors influencing the effectiveness of construction site managers, International Journal at Project Management, Vol. 16, no.1, 1-8.

20. Ott, J. S. (1989). The organizational culture perspective. Pacific grove. California:

Brooks/Cole Publishing Company.

21. Ouchi, W. G. (1981).Theory Z: How American business can meet the Japanese challenge.

Reading. Miami: Addision-Wesley.

22. Owens, R.G & Steinhoff, C.R.(1989). The organizational culture assessment inventory: A metaphorical analysis in educational settings. Journal of educational-administration, 27(3), 17-23.

23. Pascale, R.T. and Athos, A.G. (1981). The art of Japanese management .New York:Simon

& Schuster .

24. Pettigrew, A. M. (1983).On studying organization culture .Adminisrative science quartery,30,25-32.

25. Pinto, J.K., Slevin, D.P., (1987), Critical Factors in Successful Project Implementation, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management,Vol.EM-34,No.1,Feb., p22-27.

26. Robbins,S.P.(1978), Personnel: The management of human resources . corporate life.

reading, Nass:Addison-Wesley.

27. Sampson, S. E. and Showalter, M.J., (1999), ―The Performance-Importance Response Function: Observations and Implications,‖ The Service Industries Journal, Vol.19, 1-25.

28. Schmitt, B. H. (1999). Experiential Marketing, New York: Free Press. Schein, E. H.

(1976), The Clinical Perspective in Fieldwork, Sage University Papers Series on Qualitative Research Methods, Vol. 5. Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage.,p.68

29. Schein, E. H. (1985). How culture forms, develops and changes. In R. H. Kilmann, M. J.

Saxton, R. Serpa & associates. (Eds.). Gaining control if the corporate culture. San

95

Franciso: Jossey-Bass.

30. Schein, E. H.(1990). A general philosophy of helping: process consultation. Sloan Management Review, Spring: 57-64.

31. Schein, E. H. (1992). Organizational culture and leadership, (2nd ed).San Francisco:

Jossey-Bass.

32. Schein, E. H. (1999).Process Consultation Revisited, New York: Addison-Wesley.

33. Schein, E. H. (1999).The Corporate Culture Survival Guide, San Francisco: ossey-Bass.

34. Schein, E. H. (2008). Organizational culture and leadership, (3rd ed).

35. Seyed-Hosseini, S. M., Safaei, N., & Asgharpour, M. J., (2005), Reprioritization of failures in a system failure mode and effects analysis by decision making trial and

evaluation laboratory technique. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 91(8), 872-881.

36. Siehl, C. & Martin, J. (1983), Organizational culture and counterculture: Anuneasy symbiosis. Organizational dynamics, 12, 1, pp.52-64.

37. Spencer, Lyle M. Jr., PhD & Spencer, Signe M.,(1993),Competence at Work:models for superior performance,John Wiley & Sons,Inc.,p.124.

38. Tzeng, G. H., Chiang , C. H. & Li, C. W., (2007), Evaluating Intertwined Effects in E-learning Programs: A Novel Hybrid MCDM Model Based on Factor Analysis and DEMATEL. Expert Systems with Applications. 32(4).

39. Wagner, K. F.,(1989), Maintaining a High Quality Visitor Experience. Visitor Studies:

Theory, Research, and Practice 2. Alabama: Center for social design.

40. Wu, W. W., & Lee, Y. T., (2005), Developing global managers’ competencies using the fuzzy DEMATEL method. Expert Systems with Applications.

41. Vecchio,R.P. (1991),Organizational Bahavior. Orlando:Dryden press.

96

97

69-87。

23. 蔡進雄,(1990)。國民中學校長轉型領導、互易領導、學校文化與學校效能關係之研 究。未出版,博士論文,國立台北師範學院國民教育研究所,台北。

24. 鄭曜忠,(2001)。高級中學行政主管知識管理態度、學校組織文化與學校效能關係之 研究。未出版,碩士論文,國立彰化師範大學,彰化。

98

附錄

A.實務現況介紹