第五章 研究結論與建議
第四節 未來研究方向之建議
國
立 政 治 大 學
‧
N a tio na
l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y
第四節 未來研究方向之建議
過去針對消費者對於智慧型手機的研究主要著重在產品知識、購買意願及購 後態度等範疇，本研究試圖探討消費者對於智慧型手機的產品過時恐懼與相對持 有時間比對置換決策的影響，由於在產品過時恐懼的相關學術文章中，加入討論 消費者購買間隔、平均換購時間等變數的研究在國內仍不多見，故本研究最後提 出對後續研究及發展方向的建議：
1. 本研究僅針對智慧型手機產品進行探討，並未在模型架構以及變數中納 入知覺價值、品牌面與廠商促銷手法等因素討論。現今消費者在選擇或更換智慧 型手機上，不單單只注重產品本身的功能規格及性能表現，往往上述的變數也是 相當重要的考量因素。業界的市場調查中也發現，若消費者不滿意現在擁有的智 慧型手機的表現，在下一次購買時，有很大的機會將轉換至其他品牌。因此未來 若要延續針對相對持有時間比與置換決策的研究，建議可以逐漸加入以上因素進 行討論，或許將有更多的發現。
2. 目前已有數量顯著的學術文章旨在討論不同產品與服務的購買意願、採 用意願。但對於消費者而言，每種產品都會面臨到需要進行更替購買的置換決策，
其中消費者作出置換決策所考量的各種因素或環節相當值得探討。本研究僅就智 慧型手機作討論，未來若要深入研究消費者再購行為及影響因素，可以針對更多 不同類別的產品或服務作進一步探討。
‧
1. Acker, M., & McReynolds, P. (1967). The Need for Novelty: A Comparison of Six Instruments. Psychological Record. Vol.17, pp.177-182.
2. Anderson, E. W., & Sullivan, M. W. (1993). The Antecedents and Consequences of Customer Satisfaction for Firms. Marketing Science, 12(2), pp.125-143.
3. Arkes, H. R. (1996). The Psychology of Waste. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 9 (3): pp.213-224.
4. Asch, S. E. (1952). Social Psychology. New York: Prentice-Hall.
5. Asch, S. E. (1956). Studies of Independence and Conformity: A Majority of One Against a Unanimous Majority. Psychological Monographs, pp.70-79.
6. Assaker, G., Vinzi, V. E., & O’Connor, P. (2011). Examining the Effect of Novelty Seeking, Satisfaction, and Destination Image on Tourists’ Return
Pattern: A Two Factor, Non-linear Latent Growth Model. Tourism Management, Vol. 32, No. 4, pp.890-901.
‧
7. Bayus, B. L. (1991). The Consumer Durable Replacement Buyer. Journal of Marketing 55: pp.42-51.
8. Bayus, B. L. (1988). Accelerating the Durable Replacement cycle with
Marketing Mix Variables. Journal of Product Innovation Management, Volume 5, Issue 3, pp.216-226.
9. Bearden, W. O., Netemeyer, R. G., & Teel, J. E. (1989). Measurement of Consumer Susceptibility to Interpersonal Influence. Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 15, Issue 4, pp.473-481.
10. Bearden, W. O., Rose, R. L., & Teel, J. E. (1994). Correlates of Conformity in the Consumption of Illicit Drugs and Alcohol. Journal of Business Research, 30, pp.25-31.
11. Bearden, W.O., & Rose, R.L. (1990). Attention to Social Comparison
Information: An Individual Difference Factor Affecting Consumer Conformity.
Journal of Consumer Research, 16 (4), pp.461-471.
12. Bearden, W. O., & Etzel, M. J. (1982), Reference Group Influence on Product and Brand Purchase Decisions. Journal of Consumer Research, 9, pp.183-194.
13. Berlyne, D. E. (1950). Novelty and Curiosity as Determinants of Exploratory Behavior. British Journal of Psychology, Vol.41 No.1, pp.68-80.
14. Berlyne, D. E., Craw, M. A., Salapatek, P. H., & Lewis, J. L. (1963). Novelty, Complexity, Incongruity, Extrinsic Motivation, and the GSR. Journal of Experimental Psychology, Vol.66 No.6, pp.560-567.
15. Berlyne, D. E. (1966). Curiosity and Exploration. Science, Vol.153 No.3731, pp.
25-33.
16. Bikhchandani, S., & Sharma, S. (2001). Herd Behavior in Financial Markets.
IMF Staff Papers, 47(3), pp.279-289.
17. Bolton, R. N. (1998). A Dynamic Model of the Duration of the Customer’s Relationship with a Continuous Service Provider: The Role of Satisfaction.
Marketing Science, Vol.17 (1), pp.45-65.
18. Bolton, R. N., & Lemon, K. N. (1999). A Dynamic Model of Customers’ Usage of Service: Usage As An Antecedent and Consequence of Satisfaction. Journal of Marketing Research, Vol.36, pp.171-186.
19. Bolton, R. N., Kannan, P. K., & Bramlett, M. D. (2000). Implications of Loyalty Program Membership and Service Experiences for Customer Retention and Value. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 28(1), pp.95-108.
‧
20. Bulow, J. (1986). An Economic Theory of Planned Obsolescence. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 101(4), pp.729-749.
21. Bulow, J. (1982). Durable-Goods Monopolists. Journal of Political Economy, 90:
pp.314-332.
22. Burnham, T. A., Frels, J. K. and Mahajan, V. (2003). Consumer Switching Costs:
A Typology, Antecedents and Consequences. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 31(2), pp.109-126.
23. Burns, D. J., & Warren, H. B. (1995). Need for Uniqueness: Shopping Mall Preference and Choice Activity. Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 23(12), pp.4-12.
24. Burnkrant, R.E., & Cousineau, A. (1975). Informational and Normative Social Influence in Buyer Behavior. Journal of Consumer Research, 2 (3), pp.206-215.
25. Chang, J., Wall, G., & Chu, S. T. (2006). Novelty Seeking at Aboriginal Attractions. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp.729-747.
26. Chaudhuri, A., & Holbrook, M. B. (2001). The Chain of Effects from Brand Trust and Brand Affect to Brand Performance: The Role of Brand Loyalty.
Journal of Marketing, 65, pp.81-93.
27. Cheema, A., & Kaikati, A. M. (2010). The Effect of Need for Uniqueness on Word of Mouth. Journal of marketing research, 47(3), pp.553-563.
28. Cohen, E. (1979). Rethinking the Sociology of Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp.18-35.
29. Cooper, T. (2004). Inadequate life? Evidence of consumer attitudes to product obsolescence. Journal of Consumer Policy, 27(4), pp.421-449.
30. Cooper, T. (2005). Slower Consumption Reflections on Product Life Spans and the “Throwaway Society”. Journal of Industrial Ecology, 9(1-2), pp.51-67.
31. Cronin, J. J., & Taylor, S. A. (1992). Measuring Service Quality: A Reexamination and Extension. Journal of Marketing, 56(3), pp.55-68.
32. Cronin, J. J., Brady, M. K., & Hult, G. T. M. (2000). Assessing the Effects of Quality, Value, and Customer Satisfaction on Consumer Behavioral Intentions in Service Environments. Journal of Retailing, 76(2), pp.193-218.
33. Deutsch, M., & Gerard, H.B. (1955). A Study of Normative and Informational Social Influences upon Individual Judgment. The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 51 (3), pp.629-636.
34. Eagly, A. H. (1978). Sex Differences in Influenceability. Psychological Bulletin, 85, pp.86-116.
‧
35. Edwin, L., & C. Lai. (1998). Schumpeterian Growth with Gradual Product Obsolescence. Journal of Economic Growth, 3, pp.81-103.
36. Farley, F., & Farley, S. V.(1967). Extroversion and Stimulus Seeking Motivation.
Journal of Consulting Psychology, Vol.31, pp.215-216.
37. Festinger, L. (1954). A Theory of Social Comparison Process. Human Relations, 7(1), pp.117-140.
38. Fishman, A., Gandal, N., & Shy, O. (1993). Planned obsolescence as an engine of technological progress. The Journal of Industrial Economics, pp.361-370.
39. Flavell, J. H. (1977). Cognitive Development. Englewood Cliffs. NJ:
Prentice-Hall, Inc.
40. Frels, J. K., Shervani, T., & Srivastava, R. K. (2003). The integrated networks model: Explaining resource allocations in network markets. Journal of Marketing, pp.29-45.
41. Fromkin, H. L. (1972). Feelings of Interpersonal Indistinctiveness: An
Unpleasant Affective State. Journal of Experimental Research in Personality, 6, pp.178-182.
42. Ganesh, J., Arnold, M. J., & Reynolds, K. E. (2000). Understanding the Customer Base of Service Providers: An Examination of the Differences Between Switchers and Stayers. Journal of Marketing, 64(3), pp.65-87.
43. Granberg, H. (1997). The Quality Re-Evaluation Process: Product Obsolescence in a Consumer-Producer Interaction Framework. Stockholm: University of Stockholm Department of Economic History.
44. Gilly, M. C. (1987). Post-Complaint Processes: From Organizational Response to Repurchase Behavior. Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 21, Issue. 2, pp.293-314.
45. Ha, S. H., & Park, S. C. (1998). Application of Data Mining Tools to Hotel Data Mart on the Intranet for Database Marketing. Expert Systems with Applications, 15(1), pp.1-31.
46. Heckert, D. M. (1989). The Relativity of Positive Deviance: The Case of the French Impressionists. Deviant Behavior, 10(2), pp.131-144.
47. Heider, F. (1958). The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations. New York: John Wiley.
48. Heiskanen, E. (1996). Conditions for product life extension. National Consumer Research Centre Working Papers, 22.
49. Hellier, P. K., Geursen, G. M., Carr, R. A., & Rickard J. A. (2003). Customer
‧
Repurchase Intention, a General Structural Equation Model. European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 37, No. 11-12, pp.1762-1800.
50. Hirschman, E. C. (1980). Innovativeness, Novelty Seeking, and Consumer Creativity. Journal of Consumer research, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp.283-295.
51. Hsiao, C. H., & Yang, C. (2010). Predicting the Travel Intention to Take High Speed Rail Among College Students. Transportation Research, Part F, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp.277-287.
52. Hughes, A. M. (1994). Strategic Database Marketing. Chicago:Probus Publishing.
53. Hughes, A. M. (1996). Boosting response with RFM. Marketing Tools, 5, pp.4-10.
54. Huh, Y. E., Kim, S.H. (2008). Do Early Adopters Upgrade Early? Role of
Post-Adoption Behavior in the Purchase of Next-Generation Products. Journal of Business Research, Vol.61 (1), pp.40-46.
55. Jacoby, J., Berning, C., & Dietvorst, T. F. (1977). What about Disposition?
Journal of Marketing, 41(2), pp.22-28.
56. Jang, S. C., & Feng, R. (2007). Temporal Destination Revisit Intention: The Effects of Novelty Seeking and Satisfaction. Tourism Management, Vol. 28, No.
2, pp.580-590.
57. Jones, T. O., & Sasser, W. E. Jr. (1995). Why Satisfied Customer Defect.
Harvard Business Review, 73(6), pp.88-99.
58. Jones, M. A., Mothersbaugh D. L., & Beatty S. E. (2000). Switching Barriers and Repurchase Intention in Service. Journal of Retailing, 76(2), pp.259-274.
59. Jun D. B., & Park Y. S. (1999). A Choice-Based Diffusion Model for Multiple Generations of Products. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 61(1):
pp.45-58.
60. Kahan, R. (1998). Using Database Marketing Techniques to Enhance Your One-to-One Marketing Initiatives. Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol 15(5), pp.491-493.
61. Kamakura, W. A., & Balasubramanian, S. K. (1987). Long-term Forecasting with Innovation Diffusion Models: The Impact of Replacement Purchase.
Journal of Forecasting, 6(1): pp.1-19.
62. Keaveney, S. M. (1995). Customer Switching Behavior in Service Industries: An Exploratory Study. Journal of Marketing, 59(2), pp.71-82.
63. Kiesler, C. A., & Kiesler, S. B. (1969). Conformity, MA: Addison-Wesley, 7.
‧
64. Kim, H. S., & Yoon C. H. (2000). Determinants of Subscriber Churn and Customer Loyalty in the Korean Mobile Telephony Market.
Telecommunications Policy, Vol. 28, pp.751-765.
65. Kim, N., Srivastava, R. K., & Han, J. K. (2001). Consumer Decision-Making in a Multi-generational Choice Set Context. Journal of Business Research, 53 (3):
pp.123-136.
66. Kim M. K., Park M. C., & Jeong D. H. (2004). The Effects of Customer Satisfaction and Switching Barrier on Customer Loyalty in Korean Mobile Telecommunication Services. Telecommunications Policy, 28(2), pp.145-159.
67. Kim, C., Galliers, R. D., Shin, N., Ryoo, J. H., & Kim, J. (2012). Factors Influencing Internet Shopping Value and Customer Repurchase Intention.
Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, Vol. 11 (4), pp.374-387.
68. Klemperer, P. (1987). Markets With Consumer Switching Costs. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 102(2), pp.375-394.
69. Klemperer, P. (1995). Competition When Consumer Have Switching Cost: An Overview with Applications to Industrial Organization, Macroeconomics, and International Trade. Review of Economic Studies, 62(4), pp.515-539.
70. Knight, D. K., & Kim, E. Y. (2007). Japanese Consumers’ Need for Uniqueness Effects on Brand Perceptions and Purchase Intention. Journal of Fashion
Marketing and Management, 11(2), pp.270-280.
71. Kostecki, M. (1998). Durable Use of Consumer Products: New Options for Business and Consumption. Dordrecht; Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
72. Kotler, P. (1996). Marketing Management: Analysis Planning, Implementation, and Control. 8th ed., New Jersey, Prentice-Hall Inc.
73. Kotler, P. (1999). Marketing Management: Analysis, Planning Implementation, and Control. 9th ed., Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
74. Kron, J. (1983). Home-Psych: The Social Psychology of Home and Decoration.
New York: Potter.
75. Lascu, D. N., Bearden, W. O., & Rose, R. L. (1995). Norm Extremity and
Interpersonal Influences on Consumer Conformity. Journal of Business Research, 32, pp.201-212.
76. Lascu, D.N., & Zinkhan, G. (1999). Consumer Conformity: Review and Applications for Marketing Theory and Practice. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 7 (3), pp.1-12.
‧
77. Lee, T. H., & Crompton, J. L. (1992). Measuring Novelty Seeking in Tourism.
Annals of Tourism Research, 19(4), pp.732-751.
78. Lee, I. H., & Lee, J. (1998). A Theory of Economic Obsolescence. Journal of Industrial Economics, 46(3), pp.383–401.
79. Lee, J., Lee, J., & Feick, L. (2001). The Impact of Switching Cost on the
Customer Satisfaction-Loyalty Link: Mobile Phone Service in France. Journal of Service Marketing, Vol. 15, pp.35-48.
80. Lemon, K. N., White, T. B., & Winer, R. S. (2002). Dynamic Customer
Relationship Management: Incorporating Future Considerations into the Service Retention Decision. Journal of Marketing, Vol. 66 (1), pp.1-14.
81. Levinthal, D.A., & Purohit, D. (1989). Durable Goods and Product Obsolescence.
Marketing Science, Vol. 8, No. 1, pp.35-56.
82. Liao, C. H., & Hsieh, I. Y. (2013). Determinants of Consumer's Willingness to Purchase Gray-market Smartphones. Journal of Business Ethics, Vol. 114, No. 3, pp.409-426.
83. Lynn, M. (1992). The Psychology of Unavailability: Explaining Scarcity and Cost Effects on Value. Basic & Applied Social Psychology, 13(1), pp.3-7.
84. Lynn, M., & Harris, J. (1997). The Desire for Unique Consumer Products: A new Individual Differences Scale. Psychology and Marketing, 14(6),
pp.601-616.
85. Lynn, M., & Harris, J. (1997). Individual Differences in the Pursuit of
Self-Uniqueness through Consumption. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27, pp.1861-1883.
86. Lynn, M., & Snyder, C.R. (2002). Uniqueness Seeking. In C.R. Snyder & S.
Lopez (Eds.) Handbook of Positive Psychology, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp.395-410.
87. Macinnis, H. (1997). Consumer Behavior. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company, pp.393-394.
88. Mahajan, V., & Muller, E. (1996). Timing, Diffusion, and Substitution of Successive Generations of Technological Innovations: The IBM Mainframe Case. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 51(2): pp.109-132.
89. Marcus, C. (1998). A Practical Yet Meaningful Approach to Customer Segmentation. Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol.15 (5), pp.494-504.
90. Maycroft, N. (2009). Consumption, Planned Obsolescence and Waste, pp.3-24.
‧
91. Mowen, J. C., & Minor, M. (1998). Consumer Behavior, 5th ed., New Jersey:
Prentice-Hall, Inc., pp.487-489.
92. Norton, J. A., & Bass, F. M. (1987). A Diffusion Theory Model of Adoption and Substitution for Successive Generations of High Technology Products.
Management Science, 33(9): pp.1069-1086.
93. OECD (1982). Product Durability and Product-Life Extension. Paris:
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.
94. Okada, E. M. (2001). Trade-ins, Mental Accounting, and Product Replacement Decisions. Journal of Consumer Research, 27(4): pp.433-446.
95. Okada, E. M. (2006). Upgrades and New Purchases. Journal of Marketing, 70(4):
pp.92-102.
96. Oliver, R. L. (1980). A Cognitive Model of the Antecedents and Consequences of Satisfaction Decisions. Journal of Marketing Research, 17(4), pp.460-469.
97. Oliver, R. L. (1997). Satisfaction: A Behavioral Perspective on the Consumer.
New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
98. Packard, V. (1960). The Waste Markers. T. Harmondsworth: Pelican.
99. Park, C., & Lessig, V. (1977). Students and Housewives: Differences in Susceptibility to Reference Group Influence. Journal of Consumer Research, 4(2), pp.102-110.
100. Pearson, P. H. (1970). Relationships Between Global and Specified Measures of Novelty Seeking. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 34, No. 2, pp.199-204.
101. Pincus, S., & Waters, L. K. (1977). Informational Social Influence and Product Quality Judgments. Journal of Applied Psychology, 62(5), pp.615-619.
102. Rajamma, R. K., Pelton, L. E., Hsu, M. K., & Knight, D. K. (2010). The Impact of Consumers'' Need for Uniqueness and Nationality on Generation Y''s Retail Patronage Behaviors: Investigating American and Taiwanese Consumers.
Journal of Global Marketing, 23(5), pp.387-410.
103. Reichheld, F. F., & Sasser, W. E. Jr. (1990). Zero Defections: Quality Comes to Services. Harvard Business Review, (September-October): pp.105-111.
104. Rose, R. L., Bearden, W. O., & Teel, J. E. (1992). An Attributional Analysis of Resistance to Group Pressure Regarding Illicit Drug and Alcohol Consumption.
Journal of Consumer Research, pp.1-13.
105. Rust, R. T., & Zahorik, A. J. (1993). Customer Satisfaction, Customer Retention, and Market Share. Journal of Retailing, Vol.69 (2), pp.193-215.
‧
106. Selnes, F. (1993). An Examination of the Effect of Product Performance on Brand Reputation, Satisfaction and Loyalty. European Journal of Marketing, 27 (9), pp.19-35.
107. Simonson, I., & Nowlis, S. M. (2000). The Role of Explanations and Need for Uniqueness in Consumer Decision Making: Unconventional Choices based on Reasons. Journal of Consumer Research, 27(1), pp.49-68.
108. Snyder, M. (1974). Self-monitoring of Expressive Behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30 (4), pp.526.
109. Snyder, C. R., & Fromkin, H. L. (1977). Abnormality as a Positive Characteristic:
The Development and Validation of a Scale Measuring Need for Uniqueness.
Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 86 (5), pp.518-527.
110. Snyder, C. R. (1992). Product Scarcity by Need for Uniqueness Interaction: A Consumer Catch-22 Carousel. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 13(1), pp.9-24.
111. Snyder, M. (1979). Self-monitoring Processes 1. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 12, pp.85-128.
112. Stone, B. (1995). Successful Direct Marketing Methods. Lincolnwood, IL：NTC Business Books, pp.37-59.
113. Thaler, R. (1999). Mental Accounting Matters. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 12 (3): pp.183-206.
114. Tian, K. T. (1994). Need for Uniqueness: An Individual difference Factor
Affecting Nonconformity in Consumer Responses, in Park, C.W. and Smith, D.C.
(Eds.). Marketing Theory and Applications, American Marketing Association, Chicago, IL, pp.207-208.
115. Tian, K. T., & Hoyle, R. H. (1996). The Latent Variable Models of Need for Uniqueness. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 31, pp.467-494.
116. Tian, K. T., & Mckenzie, K. (2001). The Long-Term Predictive Validity of the Consumers’ Need for Uniqueness Scale. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 10(3), pp.171-193.
117. Tian, K. T., Bearden, W. O., & Hunter, G. L. (2001). Consumers’ Need for Uniqueness: Scale Development and Validation. Journal of Consumer Research, 28(1), pp.50-66.
118. Tseng, F. M., & Lo, H. Y. (2011). Antecedents of Consumers’ Intentions to Upgrade Their Mobile Phones. Telecommunications Policy, 35(1): pp.74-86.
119. Tsiros, M., & Mittal V. (2000). Regret : A Model of Its Antecedents and
‧ 國
立 政 治 大 學
‧
N a tio na
l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y
Consequences in Consumer Decision Making. Journal of Consumer Research, 26(March), pp.401-417.
120. Waldisberg, D. (2011). Planned Obsolescence in Electronic Business, pp.1-9.
121. Waldman, M. (1993). A New Perspective on Planned Obsolescence. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108, pp.273-283.
122. Weaver, P. A., McCleary, K. W., Han, J., & Blosser, P. E. (2009). Identifying Leisure Travel Market Segments Based on Preference for Novelty. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, Vol. 26, No. 5 & 6, pp.568-584.
123. Wilkie, W. L. (1994). Consumer Behavior, 3rd ed., New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
124. Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L. L., & Parasuraman, A. (1996). The Behavioral Consequences of Service Quality. Journal of Marketing, Vol. 60(2), pp.31-46.
其他資料
1. 資策會 FIND：行動族群半年增加逾 100 萬人、全臺滑世代破 1,432 萬 http://www.iii.org.tw/m/News-more.aspx?id=1475
2. 卡優新聞網－近半數民眾喜新厭舊 手機未壞就換新機
http://www.cardu.com.tw/news/detail.php?nt_pk=6&ns_pk=18089
‧
□iOS □Android □Windows Mobile □Blackberry OS
□其他＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
‧
‧
‧
‧
‧
‧
‧ 國
立 政 治 大 學
‧
N a tio na
l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y
第九部分：個人基本資料 1. 請問您的性別是？
□男 □女 2. 請問您的年齡為？
□20 歲以下 □21~25 歲 □26~30 歲 □31~35 歲 □36~40 歲 □41~45 歲
□46 歲以上
3. 請問您平均一天在智慧型手機上花費多少時間？
□不滿 2 小時 □2 小時以上~未滿 4 小時 □4 小時以上~未滿 6 小時
□6 小時以上~未滿 8 小時 □8 小時以上~未滿 10 小時
□10 小時以上~未滿 12 小時 □12 小時以上 4. 請問您的職業為？
□公職人員 □教職人員 □科技業 □金融業 □服務業 □食品業
□傳產業 □營造業 □運輸業 □自由業 □軍警 □家管 □學生
□農林漁牧 □其他＿＿＿＿＿＿＿
5. 請問您的教育程度為？
□國小 □國中 □高中職 □大專院校 □研究所以上 6. 請問您每月的可支配所得（可自由花用的金額）為？
□15,000 元以下 □15,001~30,000 元 □30,001~45,000 元
□45,001~60,000 元 □60,001~75,000 元 □75,001~90,000 元
□90,001 元以上
問卷到此結束，非常感謝您的耐心填答！