第五章 結論與建議
第五節 未來研究方向
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本研究問卷之所有變項皆由受試者自評，受試者填答時可能會產生一致性 動機，使得變數被扭曲或高估，造成共同方法偏誤(common method variance, CMV)的問題。因此，同源偏差可能導致構念間相關性的膨脤，亦即 method variance 同時出現於構念的衡量，進而較無法真實、確切地反應實際狀況。
(五) 研究時間範圍
本研究基於研究資源的限制，因此問卷發放期間為 2011 年 7 月 10 日至 2011 年 7 月 29 日，未能進一步作持續性的觀察，以了解 SCR 認知、企業志工 參與程度對組織認同及所產生的內、外部結果之變動情形。
第五節 未來研究方向
(一) 研究方法
本研究主要是以量化研究為主，衡量的變數構面為參考過去學者的問項與 量表加以修改而成，建議未來研究方向可採質化與量化研究並行，可利用 質化研究方法探討企業社會責任認知程度、企業志工參與程度等構面，並 進一步針對量表與問項加以修正或充實，使量表內容更臻完善。此外，為 避免產生共同方法偏誤(common method variance, CMV)的問題，建議可採 用資料來源隔離法，將變數資料區分成不同的彙集來源，回收之後依研究 焦點加以配對成一份完整的問卷，如企業志工參與可採用公司內部員工參 與志工活動的相關紀錄，而非由員工自己衡量填寫。
(二) 研究對象
本研究以 2010 年《遠見》企業社會責任獎得獎企業及 2010 年天下企業公 民獎 Top50 之企業作為為卷發放對象，含括數個不同產業，建議未來研究 者可以嘗試針對特定產業作為研究對象或進行不同產業間之比較，了解本 研究模型之架構在特定產業的適用性及差異性。或者，亦可針對不同地區、
不同文化背景之國家，進行跨國或跨文化之比較研究。
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(三) 研究變數
本研究選定「知覺外部聲望」作為中介變數探討企業社會責任認知對組織 認同的中介效果，未來研究者可找尋其他可能的中介變數，如上司／組織 的支持度(perceived organizational/supervisor support)或使用客觀地資料結 果，如員工個人工作績效指標、顧客滿意度等，藉此避免共同方法偏誤的 問題。再者，組織認同的結果變數及組織公民行為的前因變項可能不僅止 於顧客導向、工作滿足、組織承諾，未來後續相關研究者亦能針對其他變 數進行研究。
(四) 研究時間
本研究具有期間性限制，未來研究可針對此議題進行長期性的持續觀測或 進行實驗性之研究，如舉辦企業志工活動前、後測之模型比較，以更確實 且全面地了解各項變數間的關聯性。
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