• 沒有找到結果。

第四章 研究結果與討論

第三節 研究限制

本研究由於研究者的時間、能力與資源的不足,仍存在以下研究限制:

一.本研究基於倫理考量,採用立意取樣來區分實驗組與控制組,將家長同意參予介 入之個案歸於實驗組。個案取自員林兩家幼稚園,個案人數共 16 位,實驗組 9 位及控制組 7 位,取樣地區侷限且人數少,研究結果不能類推至全台灣所有學齡 前之發展性協調障礙兒童。

二.本研究個案為幼稚園中、大班的兒童,收案時間牽涉大班兒童的畢業季,24 次 的感覺統合介入及次評需要在大班兒童畢業前完成,而影響治療期間的長短。

三.評估時須提供安靜且干擾少的環境,本研究進行評估時主要的干擾因子是在一旁 等在的個案,假如接受評估的個案較多、等待的時間較長,則需要花更多時間或 額外的人力來維持秩序,才能使活動順利進行。此外,有幾位個案會由於同儕的 嘲笑或觀看而退縮,不能把實際的能力發揮出來。

四.在治療介入方面,實驗組的個案以往皆未接受過任何治療,不了解治療時的流 程及規範,而且在治療初期和介入治療師尚未建立治療性關係,於是一開始需要 花費許多時間在管理上課秩序、以及建立個案的行為規範,造成實際執行治療的 時間受到縮減而影響治療的效果。此外 1 位治療師治療 9 位個案,人數差距大,

活動不能立即性的做調整,有個別的突發狀況,例如個案要上廁所、鬧彆扭不想 做,治療師必須把課程停止來處理這些狀況,才能繼續進行。

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莊育芬、吳亭芳、莊凱嵐 (2007)。發展協調障礙兒童的介入策略。臺灣職能治療研究 與實務雜誌,3(2),72-81。

陳福成、吳昇光、蔡志權、林冠宏、王婕琳、蔡佳良(2007)。團體動作介入對發展 協調障礙兒童靜態平衡能力之縱向影響。健康促進科學

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附錄一:個案基本資料

目前是否有持續進行:□(0)否,□(1)有(持續多久______月,治療頻率:每週______次)

6.是否有感覺障礙:□(1)無,□(2)視覺問題(近視、弱視等),□(3)聽覺問題

頻率:每週 ___次,每次約______分

16.您的寶貝在學校的活動型態:□動態活動課程為主(動態課程每週 _____次,每次約_____

鐘),□靜態活動課程為主,□兩種型態課程比例相當,□其他____

附錄二 研究同意書

貴家長:

您好!本人為台中教育大學的研究生,目前任職於彰濱秀傳醫院復健科。感 覺統合治療在臨床上雖行之有年,不過台灣目前仍缺乏探討感覺統合介入的相 關研究,非常需要你的參與。本研究主要探討動作問題的孩子接受感覺統合治 療介入後,在動作上及感覺統合上的表現是否有改善。若孩子評估後有動作協 調問題,則會安排孩子於員林郭綜合醫院接受感覺統合治療,治療時間為一次 60 分鐘、為期約一至兩個月的時間。

此外,本研究將會妥善保護您的隱私和權益,採匿名的方式存取資料。研 究過程將會尊重貴家長的意見和決定,您有權益自由決定是否參加、及中途退 出。希望藉由這份同意書您能了解此研究,並且徵求您的同意。若您同意參與

此研究,請簽名於下:

本人 _______________ 是小朋友 _____________ 的家屬,已了解本研究相關事項,茲

□ 不同意參與研究

□ 願意接受感覺統合評估,但不願意參與研究

□ 願意參與所有的研究

台中教育大學研究生 洪藝純 敬上

聯絡電話:04-7813888 轉 70285

附錄三 感覺統合十大介入要素

介入要素 說明

1.提供多種感覺刺激 同時呈現多種感覺經驗給孩子,包括觸覺、前庭覺、

本體覺等。介入時也應提供多樣的介入器材和活動。

2.活動難度剛好有挑戰性 活動的難易度對孩子不會太難也不會太簡單。

3.和孩子一起選擇活動 可誘發孩子主動參與和增加內在趨力

4.引導孩子自我組織 協助或引導孩子自我組織行為,建立對活動起始、活 動發展的概念以及面對活動應如何採取適當反應。

5.提供適當的警醒度 提供適當的活動以維持孩子理想的警醒程度 6.創造遊戲的情境 創造遊戲情境誘發孩子動機,增進孩子想像力、動

作、社會等方面發展。

7.提供成功的經驗 藉由調整活動難易度或把活動分步驟進行的策略,提 供孩子成功經驗。

8.確保孩子的安全 透過環境、設備的調整、以及治療師本身適當的協 助,提供孩子安全的治療環境。

9.利用環境調整誘發孩子

的動機

藉由環境、設備的調整誘發孩子參與的動機。

10.和孩子建立良好的關係 尊重孩子之情緒反應,給孩子正向支持以及適當安 撫,和孩子建立信任關係。

附錄四 感覺統合臨床觀察-趴姿伸直、躺姿屈曲、穩定度

9. Shoulder 能

holding 住

附錄五 學前兒童感覺統合篩檢表

姓名:_________ 性別:______年齡:_________學校與班級:___________

施測日期:__________

Supine flexion Prone extension Stability