ၮᆶيᡏԾךཷۺ࣬ᜢࣴزϐ
Цలࣔ / യ ୯ҥࡀܿ௲ػεᏢᄔ ा
يᡏૈΚޑޕჹঁᡏيᡏࢲڀԖЈޑ֎ЇǴӕਔϸࢀрଯࡋޑيᡏࢲୖ ᆶǴЪӧុޑၮୖᆶύගϲيᡏૈΚȐSonsroem,1978ȑӧғࢲύǴԾךཷۺቹៜ ՉࣁޑᒧǵոΚک߄ޑન፦ǴԶӧၮԖӳޑ߄ǴߡගϲځيᡏޑԾךཷۺǶҁ ࣴزԑӧၮᆶيᡏԾךཷۺޑᜢ߯ǴᙖҗԖᜢၮᆶيᡏԾךཷۺϐࣴزǴ ளޕঁᡏޑيᡏࢲёߦيᡏԾךཷۺޑวǴϸϐǴঁᡏϐيᡏԾךཷۺຫ҅य़߾ ځၮૈΚϷᡏૈ߄ຫᓬ౦ǶЪวتғКζғදၹख़ຎيᡏࢲૈΚǵޕၮ ૈΚǵޕيᡏӑຝǴటගϲζғޑيᡏԾךཷۺǴࣴزޣࡌӧᏢਠՉᡏػ௲ᏢਔǴ ሡӼ௨تζᏢғ֡ޑيᡏࢲᐒ٠ӕਔ๏ϒتζᏢғ҅य़ޑႴᓰаᐟวځୖᆶၮ ޑוᆶᑫ፪ǴԶቚيᡏࢲૈΚǴЪޔௗቹៜځيᡏԾךཷۺǶ ᜢᗖຒǺၮၮǵيᡏԾךཷۺ൘ǵق!
ၮᆶЈ଼நࢂ߈ж࣬ڙᢋҞޑፐᚒǴӭৎᏢޣठΚܭࣴزيᡏࢲޑୖ ᆶ๏ΓॺғޑೀϷЈޑ଼நǶჹܭжޗύሡय़ᖏӭϡғࢲᓸΚޑΓॺԶ قǴೕࡓၮԖշܭफ़եขቾǴׯ๓ᆣǴԾךૈΚǴගϲԾߞЈ҅य़ޑЈਏ ȐPaluska & Schwenk,2000ǹ݅ਕᄪǴ2002ȑǴջ఼ᇂيᡏԾךཷۺޑيᡏૈΚϷيᡏ Ѧ߄ٿঁय़ӛǶୖᆶيᡏࢲׯ๓ΑঁᡏޑᡏૈǴ׳ԖߦيᡏԾךཷۺޑфਏǴЪ ୖᆶيᡏࢲำࡋཇଯǴΨჴё٬ୖᆶޣڀԖၨ٫ޑيᡏԾךཷۺȐߞШണǴ2003ǹ ӓຫǴ2002ǹഋࡏֻǴ2000ȑǶTaylor and FoxȐ2005ȑࣴزΜຼޑၮϟΕჹيᡏԾ ךޕޑቹៜǴຑيᡏԾךޕওय़ȐPSPPȑύวԖܴᡉޑගϲਏ݀ǴϸϐǴيᡏ ޑԾךཷۺᆶၮ߄ҭԋ҅࣬ᜢȐMarsh et al.,2006ȑǶᡏѦᢀޑຑǹيᡏሦୱύޑਸૈΚᆶਸπբૈΚޑཷۺǴکਸރᄊΠޑຑ Ϥঁ໘ቫǶيᡏԾךཷۺޑόӕቫԛ܌ᡉҢޑཀကࢂǺঁᡏيᡏޑԾךຑӢࣁдॺ ၸѐޑ࣬ᜢރᄊǵុ܈ᛙۓکᅈཀޑރᄊԶԖ܌ৡ౦ǶനଯቫޑाનᇡࣁӢۭቫ ाનޑׯᡂԶԖ܌ׯᡂǴவԶΠࢂҗᡏǵΦډਸǵܰᡂޑǶ يᡏࢂঁΓҔаय़ჹғࢲޑঁڀᡏނǴЪԜڀᡏނԋࣁঁΓǵᏢಞᆶჴԾ ךޑ൞ϟǴջғޑԾךԋࣁঁΓᡏԾךޑਡЈǶShavelson etal.Ȑ1976ȑࣚۓΑԾך ཷۺޑۓကϷ܄ࡕǴճҔӭϡޑჴቻ܄ࣴزՉԵᡍǴගрӭӛࡋǵ໘ቫԄޑԾךཷ ۺ໘ቫಔᙃკǴځࢎᄬࣁભϩϯǺՏۚ໘ቫനഗᆄޑࢂ܄ԾךཷۺǴځΠϩࣁ ᏢϷߚᏢԾךཷۺٿεᜪǴԶᏢԾךཷۺϐΠǴΞ٩ᏵόӕਸᏢࣽϩԋȐमЎǵ ኧᏢǵᐕўکࣽᏢȑǴߚᏢԾךཷۺ߾х֖ΑޗԾךཷۺȐӕᏆϷख़ाдΓȑǵᆣ ԾךཷۺȐਸᆣރᄊȑǵيᡏԾךཷۺȐᡏૈᆶѦᢀȑǴԶӧӚӛࡋޑനۭቫ߾ࣁڀ ᡏՉࣁޑပჴǴӚӛࡋᆶӚ໘ቫ໔Ӹӧ٩ߕᜢ߯ǴϕڀቹៜΚǶ
and Peart(1988)२ԛаԾךඔॊୢڔ SDQ˨(Self-Description Questionnaire ˨)ٰᡏ ૈፐำჹӭ໘ቫӭሦୱԾךཷۺޑቹៜǴ่݀วᡏૈࢲکيᡏૈΚԖᡉ࣬ ᜢǴԶکځдԾךཷۺϩໆ߄คᡉ࣬ᜢǶࡕٰǴMarsh, Richard, Johnson, Roche, and Tremayne(1994)ว р ي ᡏ Ծ ך ඔ ॊ ୢ ڔ (Physical Self-Description Questionnaire, PSDQ)ǴԜୢڔаᡍ܄Ӣનϩ(CFA)ՉीԵᡍǴ่݀Ѝ܌ीޑ 11 ঁيᡏԾ ךཷۺޑϩໆ߄ǴԜ 11 ঁϩໆ߄ϩձࣁǺԼΚǵيᡏޥऔǵيᡏࢲǵऐΚǵၮૈ Κǵڐፓ܄ǵ଼நǵѦ߄ǵࢋ೬ࡋǵᡏيᡏԾךཷۺکᡏԾ൧Ƕӧᡏػၮޑሦୱ ύǴၸӭჴቻޑࣴزǴᅌӦวрӭ໘ቫӭቻޑيᡏԾךཷۺࢎᄬޑෳᡍπ ڀǴЪيᡏԾךཷۺाનૈவᡏԾךཷۺϷᡏԾ൧ϩрٰǴᡉрঁΓيᡏԾך ཷۺໆ߄ϐਸ܄(Marsh, 1994)ǶаΠࣁၮᆶيᡏԾךཷۺ࣬ᜢჴቻࣴزϐӣ៝Ǻ Marsh & RedmayneȐ1994ȑа13ک14ྃޑζғࣁࣴزჹຝǴࣴزيᡏԾךཷۺޑ Ϥঁϩໆ߄ȐऐΚǵѳᑽགǵࢋ೬ࡋǵԼΚǵѦ߄ǵᡏޑيᡏૈΚȑکϖᡏૈࡰ ȐऐΚǵѳᑽགǵࢋ೬ࡋǵᓉᄊԼΚǵᕓวΚȑϐ໔ޑᜢ߯ǴวᡏيᡏԾךཷۺ کᡏᡏૈϐ໔Ԗᡉޑ҅࣬ᜢǶ ယનԟȐ1997ȑࡰрيᡏޑԾךཷۺޔௗቹៜΓॺ܌ᒧޑၮᜪࠠǵុୖᆶၮ ޑཀᜫϷୖᆶޑำࡋǶ ݅ࣿᗪȐ2001ȑа୯λଯԃભޥऔᏢูࣁჹຝǴჴࡼΖຼǵຼϖϺޑཥԄ଼يᏹǴ วᏢูჹԾρيᡏѦᢀǵيᡏૈΚԖ҅य़࣮ݤǶ ݅Ⴀ⊭Ȑ2001ȑࡰрԾ଼நރᄊӳޑᏢғځவ٣ೕࡓၮՉࣁКଯܭԾ଼ந ރݩද೯ޑᏢғǴҭࣁيᡏࢲᆶԾךཷۺӸӧӢ݀ᜢ߯ޑܴǶ ӓຫȐ2002ȑа୯ϣζ܄ࢋၰᒧЋࣁჹຝǴวόӕޑၮୖᆶਔ໔ܴᡉቹ ៜځӧၮ߄ǵيǵ଼நǵࢋ೬ࡋǵऐΚᆶΚໆБय़ޑيᡏԾךཷۺǴၮୖᆶ ޑਔ໔ཇߏ߾ॊޑԾךཷۺԖ׳҅ӛޑගϲǶ ቅۑᒆᆶቅࡌࡡȐ2003ȑଞჹεғޑࣴز္ΨวǴଯୖᆶᓎޑεتғϐي ᡏԾךཷۺଯܭύǵեୖᆶᓎޣǹεζғӧၮ߄ǵऐΚǵΚໆБय़Ǵୖᆶᓎ ཇଯޣཇᡉ҅य़Ƕ Asci(2003)ᡏૈ૽ግჹܭζεᏢғ፦܄ขቾᆶيᡏԾךཷۺϐቹៜǴ40 Ӝ ζεᏢғୖуΜຼԖ਼૽ግፐำǴຼ૽ግΟϺǴϺ૽ግ50 ϩដǴ่݀ᡉҢԖ਼૽ ግૈԖਏׯ๓ζεᏢғ፦܄ขቾǴԜѦǴၸΜຼޑၮǴჴᡍಔޑڙ၂ޣӧيᡏԾ ךཷۺໆ߄ύޑيᡏࢲǵၮૈΚǵڐፓکࢋ೬ࡋϩໆ߄ޑளϩଯܭคၮޣޑڋ ಔǶ ⯟၈Ȑ2003ȑୖуᆶ҂ୖуᏢਠၮж߄ჹᏢูӧيᡏԾךཷۺޑৡ౦ ύǴวୖуၮж߄໗ޑᏢูځᡏӢનᄬय़ޑளϩᓬܭ҂ୖуၮж߄໗ޑᏢ ูǶ
ঁᡏϐيᡏԾךཷۺຫ҅य़߾ځၮૈΚϷᡏૈ߄ຫᓬ౦Ƕىـவ٣ೕࡓޑيᡏࢲ ჹيᡏԾךཷۺޑቚዴԖځշǴԶቚيᡏԾךཷۺࡕǴߡёૈቹៜനଯ໘ޑ ᡏԾךཷۺǶฅԶቹៜيᡏԾךཷۺޑӢનύǴ܄ձޑৡ౦ࠅό۹ຎǴӵ MarshȐ1989ȑ ࡰрت࠸Кζ࠸ӧѦ߄ᆶيᡏૈΚԖၨଯޑԾךཷۺǶಷ፵Ȑ1995ȑࣴزวت࠸ ӧٽูيᡏԾךཷۺໆ߄ޑளϩᡉଯܭζ࠸ǶߠសǵֆျȐ1998ȑ߄ҢتғޑѦ ᇮԾךཷۺᆶيᡏԾךཷۺளϩଯܭζғǶ⯟၈Ȑ2003ȑϐࣴز่݀ҭᡉҢت࠸ӧي ᡏԾךཷۺޑᕴᡏளϩଯܭζ࠸ǶҗԜёޕǴԾךޑ܄ձᆶᇡӕΏࢂԾךཷۺว ϐᜢᗖӢનǴҞԖᜢ܄ձৡ౦ǴӧيᡏԾךཷۺޑ߄Ǵ܌ևޑ่ፕሥڀठ܄Ƕ
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စǵ่ᇟ!
ԾךཷۺჹܭঁΓޑՉࣁኳԄתᄽ،ۓ܄ޑفՅǴӭጇࣴزൔҭᡉҢيᡏԾך ཷۺޑଯեᆶঁᡏၮୖᆶࡋϷၮ߄ᓬӍ׳Ԗஏόёϩޑᜢ߯ǴӢԜటගϲঁᡏ ჹԾيຝޑຑሽᆶౢғԾךޭۓགǴ٬ځᎦԋೕࡓၮ܈يᡏࢲޑಞᄍǴΏࢂനޔ ௗԖਏޑ৩ǶӆޣǴӭጇࣴزࡰрتғКζғၨख़ຎيᡏࢲૈΚǵޕၮૈΚǵ ޕيᡏӑຝǴЬाёᘜӢܭتғၨதႴᓰѐวيᡏޑΚໆᆶၮޑמѯǴ ϸϐǴζғޗ፟ϒߥᓬЪيᡏሡाڙډߥៈޑᢀۺȐFreedman,1984ȑǴ Ԗ᠘ܭԜǴࣴزޣᇡࣁӧᏢਠՉᡏػ௲ᏢਔǴሡӼ௨تζᏢғ֡ޑيᡏࢲᐒ٠ ӕਔ๏ϒتζᏢғ҅य़ޑႴᓰаᐟวځୖᆶၮޑוᆶᑫ፪Ǵᡣζғکتғኬ഻ ٠ख़ຎيᡏࢲǴԶჹيᡏޑԾךཷۺ׳уޭۓǴၲډගϲᡏૈϷቹៜᡏԾךཷ ۺޑҞǴЪঋ៝ᏢғғϷЈޑวǶୖԵЎ
݅ذችȐ1995ȑǶၮᆶيᡏԾךཷۺϐᜢ߯ǶᏢਠᡏػᚈДтǴ5Ȑ1ȑǴ21-25Ƕ ݅ࣿᗪȐ2001ȑǶཥԄ଼يᏹჹ୯λޥऔᏢ଼ูநᡏૈᆶيᡏԾךཷۺቹៜϐࣴزǴ ୯ҥᡏػᏢଣ௲ግࣴز܌ᅺγፕЎǶ ߞШണȐ2003ȑǶᆵчѱ୯λᏢғيᡏԾךཷۺᆶၮୖᆶϐᜢ߯ࣴزǶ҂рހᅺγፕ ЎǴ୯ҥᆵчᡏଣǴᆵчѱǶ ӓຫȐ2002ȑǶόӕࢤભϷ૽ግਔ໔ჹζ܄ࢋၰᒧЋيᡏԾךཷۺϐКၨࣴزǶ҂р ހᅺγፕЎǴරεᏢǴᆵύᑜǶ ⥱၈Ȑ2005ȑ୯λଯԃભᏢูيᡏԾךཷۺᆶၮୖᆶՉࣁϐࣴزǶ҂рހᅺγፕЎǴ ѠчѱҥৣጄᏢଣǴѠчѱǶ ഋࡏֻȐ2000ȑǶόӕᡏػፐำኳԄჹٽ଼ูநᡏૈᆶيᡏԾךཷۺቹៜϐࣴزǶ҂ рހᅺγፕЎǴ୯ҥᡏػᏢଣǴਲ༜ᑜǶ ಷᐪξȐ2004ȑǶ଼وၮჹ୯λଯԃભޥऔᏢ଼ูநᡏૈϷيᡏԾךཷۺቹៜϐࣴ زǶ҂рހᅺγፕЎǴ୯ҥᡏػᏢଣǴਲ༜ᑜǶ ಷ፵Ȑ1996ȑǶٽูԾךཷۺᆶᡏૈϷځࡌᄬϐ࣬ᜢࣴزǶ҂рހϐᅺγፕЎǴ୯ ҥᡏػᏢଣࣴز܌Ǵਲ༜ᑜǶ ယનԟȐ2004ȑǶيᡏԾךཷۺᆶၮՉࣁᜢ߯ϐǶεᡏػᚈДтǴ75Ǵ134-142Ƕ මችਤȐ2002ȑǶ୯λၮж߄໗ᆶߚж߄໗يᡏԾךཷۺϷԾךཷۺϐৡ౦ᆶᜢ߯ࣴ زǶ҂рހᅺγፕЎǴਲ༜ᑜǺ୯ҥᡏػᏢଣǴǶ ቅۑᒆǵቅࡌࡡȐ2003ȑǶεғၮୖᆶᓎϷԾၮமࡋჹيᡏԾךཷۺϐቹៜǶ εᡏػᏢтǴ5Ȑ2ȑǴ111-120Ƕ255-264.
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