母公司與海外據點之間的互動關係,日益錯綜複雜,而且也是影響多國籍企 業能否有效整合與協調全球資源的關鍵,並進一步影響到其研發績效。而本研究 在人力與資源有限的情況下,只針對母公司的研發主管進行訪談,未來的研究可 試著從海外研發據點的角度來探討其與母公司之間組織的權力關係、資訊流動的 情況,以及其他更詳盡的組織活動探討,來比對母公司與海外據點之間的認知是 否一致。
從本研究的探討也發現到,各個企業本身的資源與研發特性的差異,造成每 個企業的海外研發動機與型態略有不同,面臨的產業環境也不盡相同,因此採取 不同的全球研發策略來因應。未來的研究可探討組織的資源能力對研發活動、策 略的影響,或是針對某特定產業的研發活動來做進一步的研究。
最後,由於本研究是針對台灣多國籍企業在海外研發活動的探索性研究,目 前台灣多國籍企業在海外的佈局仍在進行,當中牽涉到許多複雜的研發管理的議 題,隨著不同時間點,海外研發佈局也呈現不同的樣貌。後續研究者可針對其他 可能影響的因素來做討論,例如母公司的文化、公司營運策略的轉變、研發團隊 的型態、資訊科技的發展所帶來的溝通方式等,探討其對於台灣多國籍企業在海 外設立研發據點造成何種影響,以求對多國籍企業於海外的研發活動有更深入的 了解。
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附錄一:本研究訪談大綱
一、研發活動現況
1. 研發投資水準與人力資源 2. 研發的組織政策
3. 核心技術取得來源(例如自行研發、購併、策略聯盟、技術授權、合作 研究、委託研究…產學研國外等機構)
二、國際化的議題
1. 請簡單說明公司國際化的歷程。
2. 說明公司在海外設立研發據點的考量因素,以及建置的過程
3. 海外各個研發據點所從事的活動內容為何,以及其在公司體系中扮演 什麼角色?
4. 台灣母公司的研發中心或實驗室與海外研發據點之間是否有溝通管道?
哪些事情是必須經過溝通協調才能進行?
5. 在海外擁有研發據點為母公司的營運活動帶來何種利益或影響?
6. 海外研發據點與國內或當地其他部門(例國內、外製造、行銷等部門) 之間的關係為何?
7. 公司如何來管理海外設立的研發據點,是否有績效評估的機制?