第四章 社會建構－地方力量的浮現
第三節 後續研究
(一) 地方產業建構－災後重建觀光景點
隨著災後重建逐漸告一段落，中國－印尼友誼村內部以及亞齊地區目前趨向 友善的華印關係，能否走向更加融洽的階段，除了研究中所發現的挑戰之外，還 有更為宏觀的社會與經濟面向，有待後續更多的關注來補足，而這也是本研究未 盡完善之處。
2011 年，亞齊正式對外開放觀光後，亞齊政府除了將觀光的重點放在亞齊 的自然景觀、傳統人文與歷史文化外，更著重海嘯留下的紀念遺跡，包括發電船、
屋上船以及海嘯博物館…等，透過開放觀光，向全世界展示亞齊災後迅速復原的 成果。同為災後紀念景觀的中國－印尼友誼村，其龐大的聚落規模，讓許多外地 客從飛機上即清晰可見；加上海拔的「挑高」，足以作為當地災後社會重建的一 個顯著地標。面對這樣的發展契機，部分友誼村的居民正躍躍欲試，希望社區也 能成為災後重建觀光的景點之一，向全世界展示這項集體援助成果。不過，目前 社區尚未有針對觀光所進行的整體規劃，也沒有相關人員培訓的討論。未來，若 官方政策的方向不變，則友誼村必將出現更多援助的討論，甚至發展出新型態的 在地產業，將有助於解決因區位不便所帶來地居民流失困境。然而，屆時對於公 私領域的劃分、人員的分工，甚至是利益的分配，則可能深深影響著下一階段友 誼村的社會關係。
(二) 跨村比較
整體而言，災後重建是一個複雜且多面向的議題，僅僅重建村單一項目即已 相當繽紛多元，本研究不足以作為重建村整體面貌的代表。但若以本研究為出發，
建構重建村相關領域，作為未來就災、備災與重建的資料庫，則跨村的比較研究 是值得後續更多研究者投入關心的，包括：探討災後重建族群關係時，同為華人 援建的 T 村即相當值得深入了解，亦可比較不同地區或國家災後重建的族群狀
況；探討空間差異性時，原地與異地下的重建將成為主軸；若關注於權力關係、
地方參與…等重建議題，則必須納入當地許多小規模自力造屋，或是 NGOs 協助 下的就地重建。災害的傷痛極重，若能從中學習、吸取教訓，將是對受難者的一 大安慰。
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陳欣慧 (2007) 印尼亞齊客家人研究， 。
雲 (2005) 印尼亞齊解放運動(Gerakan Aceh Merdeka,G
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2. 新聞、網頁
一個完全可以信賴的慈善組織 (2011) 中國華文教育
網 http://www.hwjyw.com/classroom/content/2011/01/10/14059.shtml [2011 年 7 月 13 日]
中國人捐建亞齊災民家園 (2007) 北京青年
報 http://www.ynet.com/view.jsp?oid=22443644 [2011 年 7 月 30 日]
中國與印度尼西亞的關係 (2011) 中華人民共和國駐印度尼西亞共和國大使 館http://id.china-embassy.org/chn/zgyyn/sbgxgk/ [2011 年 7 月 30 日]
印尼亞齊省的大愛村經驗 (2010) 莫拉克新聞網 http://www.88news.org [2010 年 8 月 28 日]
印尼海嘯災民向中國四川地震災區捐款 (2008) 中華人民共和國駐印度尼西亞 共和國大使
館http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2008-06/10/content_8342401.htm [2011 年 9 月 13 日]
印尼：提高效率 重在監管 (2008) 四川防震減災信息
網http://www.eqsc.gov.cn/zt/kzjzzzcc/zhcj/201006/t20100602_6303.html# [2011 年 10 月 11 日]
合作協議書正式落實，印中友誼村竣工交接 (2007) 印尼星洲日 報http://www.sinchew-i.com/indonesia/node/434 [2011 年 3 月 13 日]
和平共處五項原則 (2004) 國際在
線 http://big5.chinabroadcast.cn/gate/big5/gb.cri.cn/3821/2004/06/21/107@2038 33.htm [2010 年 12 月 12 日]
亞齊的“世界工廠”夢想
http://big5.ifeng.com/gate/big5/finance.ifeng.com/news/corporate/20100501/213 5\359.shtml [2010 年 05 月 01 日]
楊聰榮 (1998) 為什麼受到印尼欺負的亞齊人也反華？，民主論
壇 http://asiademo.org/gb/1998/09/19980929a.htm [2011 年 5 月 12 日]
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th=,1,1648,&job_id=80294&article_category_id=1714&article_id=36388 [2010 年 6 月 28 日]
黃昆章 (2009) 華人與亞齊災區重建，僑協雜誌，
(115)。http://www.ocah.org.tw/sidepage/mag_viewpage.php?mag_no=115&id=4 858 [2011 年 1 月 11 日]
華人重返亞齊海嘯災區 釋放災後經濟重振信號 (2005) 新華
網http://news.xinhuanet.com/overseas/2005-04/06/content_2794341.htm [2011 年 4 月 25 日]
專稿：災後重建 世界共同面臨的課題 (2008) 新華
網http://big5.xinhuanet.com/gate/big5/www.godpp.gov.cn/tszs_/2008-06/05/cont ent_13468675_3.htm [2011 年 7 月 30 日]
(二) 英文部分：
1. 出版品
Amarasiri M.W. and Silva (2009) Ethnic, Politics and Inequality: Post-Tsunami Humanitarian Aid Delivery in Ampara District, Sri Lanka, Disaster,
33(2):253-273.
Arola, S. A. (2007) Humanitarian Aid: Problems and Solutions, Webster University.
Bankoff, G. (2003) Cultures of disaster: society and natural hazard in the Philippines, London and New York, Routledge
Baum, A., Fleming, R., Davidson, L. (1983) Natural disaster and technoligical catastrophe, Environ Behav, 15:333-354.
Blaikie, P., Cannon, T., Davis, I., and Wisner B. (1994) At Risk: Natural Hazards, People’s Vulnerability, and Disaster, New York: Routledge.
Bourdieu, P. and Wacquant, L. J. D. (1992) An Invitation to Reflexive Sociology, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Bristol, G. (2010) Surviving the second tsunami: Land rights in the face of buffer zones, land grabs and development, Rebuilding after Disasters: from Emergency to Sustainability, London and New York: Spon Press, 133-148.
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BRR and Partners (2006) Aceh and Nias Two Years After the Tsunami: 2006 Progress report.
BRR (2009) Housing: roofing the pillars of hope, BRR book series.
Buttimer, A. (1976) Grasping the dynamism of lifeworld, Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 66:277-292.
Chang, Y., Wilkinson, S., Potangaroa, R., Seville, E. (2010) Resourcing challenges for post-disaster housing reconstruction: a comparative analysis, Building Research&
Information, 38 (3) : 247-264.
Clarke, M., Fanany, I., and Kenny, S. (2010) Post-disaster reconstruction: lessons from Aceh, London: Earthscan.
Dercon, B., and Kusumawijaya, M. (2007) Two Years of Settlement and Recovery in Aceh and Nias: What Should the Planners Have Learned?, UN-Habitat, Geneva.
Dreher, A., and Nunnenkamp, P., and Thiele, R. (2011) Are ‘new’ donors different?
Comparing the allocation of bilateral aid between nonDAC and DAC donor countries, World Development, 39(11):1950-1968.
Edwards, M. (2000) Future Positive: International Co-operation in the 21st Century, London: Sterling.
Emerson, R. M. (1962) Power-dependence relations, American Sociological Review, 27(1): 31-41.
Fothergill, A., Maestas, E. G. M., Darlington, J. D. (1999) Race, Ethnicity, and Disasters in the United States: A Review of the Literature, Disasters, 23(2):
156-173.
Gaillard, J. C., Clave, E., Vibert, O., Azhari, Dedi, Denain, J. C., Efendi, Y., Grancher, D., Liamzon, C. C., Sari, D. R., and Setiawan, R. (2008) Ethnic groups’ response to the 26 December 2004 earthquake and tsunami in Aceh, Indonesia, Nat
Hazards, 47: 17-38.
Gunewardena, N. and Schuller, M. (2008) Capitalizing on Catastrophe: Neoliberal Strategies in Disaster Reconstruction, Lanham, USA, Altamira Press.
Hook, S. W. (1995) National Interest and Foreign Aid, Colorado: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
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Reconstruction: Lesson from Aceh, London: Earthscan.
Korf, B., Habullah, S., Hollenbach, P., and Klem, B. (2010) The gift of disaster: the commodification of good intentions in post-tsunami Sri Lanka, Disaster, 34(1):60-77.
Kurlantzick, J. (2006) China’s charm offensive in Southeast Asia, Current History, 296:270-276.
Lancaster, C. (2007) Foreign Aid: Diplomacy, Development, Domestic Politics, Chicago: the University of Chicago Press.
Lewis, D. et al. (2005) Actors, ideas and networks: trajectories of the
non-governmental in development studies. In Uma Kothari (ed.), A Radical History of Development Studies. London: Zed Books.
Meisl, C.S., Safaie, M.S., Elwood, K.J., Gupta, R., Kowsari, R. 2006, Housing reconstruction in northern Sumatra after the December 2004 great Sumatra earthquake and tsunami, Earthquake Spectra, S3(22):777-802
Mitchell, J. K., Devine, N., Jagger, K. (1989) A contextual model of natural hazard, Geogr Rev, 79(4): 391-409.
Naim, M. (2007) Rogue aid, Foreign Policy, 159:95-96.
Paul, B. K., Brock, V. T., Csiki, S., Emerson, L., (2003) Public response to tornado warnings: A comparative study of the May 4, 2003 tornados in Kansas, Missouri, and Tennessee, Quick Response Report, 165, NHRAIC, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO.
Paul, B. K., (2005) Evidence against disaster-induced migration: the 2004 tornado in north-central Bangladesh, Disaster, 29(4), p370-385.
Quarantelli, E.L (1995) Patterns of shelter and housing in US disasters, Disaster Prevention and Management, 4(3),pp.43-53.
Reid, A. (2005) An Indonesian Frontier: Acehnese and Other Histories of Sumatra, Asia Research Institute, Singapore: National University of Singapore.
Riddell, R. C. (2007) Does Foreign Aid Really Work?, New York: Oxford University Press.
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Banda Aceh: Based on the results of interdisciplinary researches by Nagoya University, Journal of Natural Disaster Science,22:pp53-61.
Tan-Mullins, M., Mohan, G., and Power, M. (2010) Redefining‘aid’in the China-Africa context, Development and Change, 41(5):857-881.
Samuels, A. (2010) Remaking neighbourhoods in Banda Aceh: post-tsunami
reconstruction of everyday life, Post-Disaster Reconstruction: Lesson from Aceh, London: Earthscan.
Schmuck, H. (2000) ‘An act of Allah’: religious explanations for floods in Bangladesh as survival strategy, International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 18(1), p85-95
Silva, J. D., Lubkowski, Z., and Batchelor, V. (2010) Lessons from Aceh: Key
Considerations in Post-Disaster Reconstruction, Disasters Emegency Committee, UK: Practical Action Publishing.
Steinberg, F. (2007), Housing reconstruction and rehabilitation in Aceh and Nias, Indonesia-Rebuilding lives, Habitat International, 31:150-166.
Suryadinata, L. (1978) Pribumi Indonesians, the Chinese Minority and China: A Study of Perceptions and Policies, Kuala Lumpur and London: Heinemann.
Turner, B. L., Kasperson, R. E., Matson, P. A., McCarthy, J. J., Corell, R. W., Christensen, L., Eckley, N., Kasperson, j. x., Luers, A., Martello, M. L., Polsky, C., Pulsiper, A., and Schiller, A. (2003) A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science, Proc Natl Acad Sci, 100(14): 8074-8079.
Wardhani, D. K., Antariksa, Sari, N. I. (2011) Peunayong chinatown Banda Aceh post-earthquake and tsunami as cultural heritage district, Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 1(4):275-282.
Woods, N. (2008) Whose aid? Whose influence? China, emerging donors and the silent revolution in development assistance, International Affairs, 84(6):
1205-1221.
Yosuke Hirayama (2000) Collapse and reconstruction: housing recovery policy in Kobe after the Hanshin Great Earthquake, Housing Studies, 15(1): 111-128.
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Parsons http://www.parsons.com/projects/Pages/aceh-road.aspx [2010 年 12 月 12 日]
East- West Center (2003) www.eastwestcenter.org [2012 年 1 月 3 日]
Global Humanitarian Assistance (2010) www.globalhumanitarianassistance.org [2011 年 11 月 22 日]
Home Sweet Home: From Oxfam to the People (2008) Oxfam GB
Indonesia http://oxfamindonesia.wordpress.com/2008/07/03/home-sweet-home-fr om-oxfam-to-the-people/ [2010 年 12 月 12 日]
The Sphere Project
(2011) http://www.sphereproject.org/component/option,com_frontpage/Itemid,20 0/lang,english/ [2011 年 11 月 22 日]
World Bank (1999) www.worldbank.org/poverty/scapital [2011 年 11 月 22 日]
(三) 印尼文部分：
1. 出版品
BRR (2009) Donor dan pelaksana rehabilitasi dan rekonstruksi perumahan, PETA‧ Sebaran Upaya dan Karya, p.100.
BPS (2010) Hasil Sensus Penduduk 2010: Data Agregat per Provinsi, Badan Pusat Statistik.
Soerijadi Kaharudin (2011) Jackie Chan: The living legend, Scoop: an open window to Kobelco and the world, (4):14.
2. 新聞、網頁
Aceh: Sebanyak 606 Rumah Diserahkan untuk Korban Tsunami (2007)
Acheh-Eye.org http://www.aceh-eye.org/a-eye_news_files/a-eye_news_bahasa/ne ws_item.asp?NewsID=6093 [2011 年 12 月 18 日]
Kehidupan Korban Tsunami di Kampung Persahabatan Indonesia-Tiongkok (2008) Jawa
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Kampung Jacky Chan di Aceh (2009) Aceh
Blogging http://aneukagamaceh.blogspot.com/2009/10/kampung-jacky-chan-di-a ceh_20.html [2011 年 12 月 18 日]
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