• 沒有找到結果。

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

134

第二節、研究建議

本研究的整合機制,分為國際金融機構亞銀的CAREC 以及大國(歐盟、美 國、中國與俄國)主導兩類。除了亞銀,世界銀行(World Bank,WB)、聯合 國(United Nation,UN)、國際公路聯盟(International Road Union,IRU)與國 際能源總署(International Energy Agency,IEA)等國際金融機構或國際組織皆 提出數個針對中亞地區交通與能源項目的計畫。

整合機制於交通或能源項目的互相合作,將難以界定單一項目為單一整合 機制所主導,實際往往是單一項目兩個以上的國際金融機構或大國皆有出資於 其中。本研究雖以交通與能源作為整合的探討層面,但筆者欲了解中亞地區的 整合機制,因此將整合機制與中亞地區的交通與能源項目相結合,使用「倡議 時間」來看做該項目的發起者。後續研究能以本研究為基礎,簡述整合機制的 發展過程,直接探討交通與能源項目,可以擴大討論範圍,將上述提及的 WB、UN、IRU、IEA 等國際組織提出的中亞地區交通與能源援助項目一併納入 分析,相信能有驚豔的研究結果。

再者,五個整合機制中的CAREC 發展時間最長,擁有的資料相對較完整,

該機制的CAREC 走廊計畫與歐盟的 TRACECA 走廊甚至分析各個走廊不同路段的 車流量、運載量、運輸時間與交通安全性等。327其他整合機制若發展時間夠 長,未來也能有數量足夠的資料,進行這類型的比較分析。關於能源項目,油 氣管線流量與電網傳輸量,亦是未來可以進行比較研究的對象。

327 “Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation Corridor Performance Measurement and Monitoring: A Forward-Looking Retrospective,” ADB (2014), pp.77-78.

‧ 國

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

135

參考文獻

壹、中文文獻

一、專書

易君博,「政治理論與研究方法」,三民書局(1990)。

葉至誠、葉立誠合著,「研究方法與論文寫作」,商鼎文化(2002)。

蘇暢,「中亞宗教極端勢力研究」,中國世紀出版集團有限公司、中國社科文獻 出版社(2009)。

二、研究報告

「上合組織能源俱樂部加快啟動步伐」,新疆哲學社會科學網(2011),

< http://big5.xjass.com/zy/content/2011-10/10/content_209601.htm >。檢索 日期:2016/05/16。

「中土天然氣管道工程項目規劃之初」,中共中央黨史研究室(2011),

< http://cpc.people.com.cn/BIG5/218984/222139/14775391.html >。檢索日 期:2016/05/30。

「金融研究簡報」,中國人民大學重陽金融研究院(2014),第 31 期,

< http://rdcy-sf.ruc.edu.cn/upfile/file/20140807135057_81065.pdf >。檢索日 期:2015/10/07。

吳福成,「全球及亞太經濟整合趨勢」,台灣經濟研究院(2013 年),

<https://agtech.coa.gov.tw/userfiles/images_K1/2013100156111865.pdf>。檢 索日期:2015/08/27。

許峻賓,「中國大陸『一帶一路』戰略與能源政策」,中華台北

APEC 研究中

心,2015 年第 187 期,< http://www.ctasc.org.tw/02publication/APCE-187-P5-7.pdf >。檢索日期:2016/06/01。

‧ 國

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

136

三、學位論文

于琳,「俄羅斯能源戰略與俄中能源合作(1991 - 2008)」,國立政治大學碩士學位 論文(2007)。

王復華,「中共『西部大開發』政策運作之探討」,國立政治大學碩士學位論文

(2003)。

張輝,「普京政府的中亞政策述評」,新疆大學碩士研究學位論文(2007)。

葉宣瑩,「冷戰後中國能源外交及其影響之初探」,南華大學國際暨大陸事務學 系亞太研究碩士學位論文(2009)。

趙禕誠,「上海合作組織框架下中國與中亞國家油氣能源合作機制研究—暨中哈 石油管線相關法律問題探析」,新疆大學碩士研究學位論文(2009)。

四、期刊

王志遠,「中亞區域一體化合作探析」,新疆師範大學學報,2015 年第 1 期,頁 30-37。

王志遠,「中亞國家區域一體化進程評估」,俄羅斯中亞東歐研究,2010 年第 5 期,頁44-51。

朱顯平、鄒向陽,「中國—中亞新絲綢之路經濟發展帶構想」,東北亞論壇,

2006 年第 5 期,頁 3-6。

李金葉,舒鑫,「中亞交通設施建設中的大國博弈分析」,亞太經濟,2014 年第 4 期,頁 64-69。

李琪,「中亞國家的民族關係與地區安全」,中國邊疆史地研究,2007 年第 2 期,頁136-143。

洪銘德,盧信吉,「中國對中亞外交政策之分析」,全球政治評論,2011 年第 33 期,頁125-159。

孫永祥,「上合組織能源合作的進展及問題」,亞非縱橫,2009 年第 5 期,頁 21-26。

‧ 國

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

137

高志剛、韓延斌,「中亞國家區域經濟合作模式,機制及其啟示」,新疆社會科 學,2014 年第 4 期,頁 73-77。

張春生、孔建新、郭正平,「中吉烏國際鐵路建設投融資策略研究」,金融發展 評論,2014 年第 2 期,頁 118-129。

張雷,「中國能源供應戰略的調整」,中國能源,1990 年第 3 期,頁 12-14。

章慶慧、蔡暢,「『絲綢之路經濟帶』構想下的『無差異空間』與區域合作—論 中國與中亞的交通運輸合作」,歐亞經濟,2014 年第 6 期,頁 66-77。

許志嘉,「中國新睦鄰外交政策:戰略意涵與作為」,遠見基金會季刊,2007 年 第8 卷第 3 期,頁 43-90。

許濤,「中亞地緣政治變化與地區安全趨勢」,現代國際關係,2012 年第 1 期,

頁27-32。

陳柯旭,「中亞地區整合探析」,東南亞縱橫,2010 年 3 月號,頁 115-119。

曾向紅,「美國參與中亞事務的主要途徑及其效果研究」,當代亞太,2013 年第 4 期,頁 54-84。

曾向紅、楊恕,「歐盟的中亞援助實踐研究—以向歐洲輸送石油和天然氣國家間

(INOGATE)項目為例」,東北亞論壇,2008 年第 17 卷第 3 期,頁 34-41。

趙華勝,「美國新絲綢之路戰略分析」,新疆師範大學學報,2012 年第 6 期第 33 卷,頁15-24。

歐陽承新,「中國大陸一帶一路下的能源通路建設 - 國際經濟情勢(雙)」,中 華經濟研究院,2015 年 1828 期,頁 5-14。

蔣菁,「『絲綢之路經濟帶--共建共享共贏共榮的新機遇』國際研討會綜述」,俄 羅斯東歐中亞研究,2014 年第 5 期,頁 88-92。

龍舒甲,「哈薩克斯坦獨立後的政治展--兼論第二次總統大選」,問題與研究,

1999 年第 38 卷第 6 期,頁 23-48。

合作網(2005),< http://www.sco-ec.gov.cn/crweb/scoc/info/

Article.jsp?a_no=15257&col_no=53 >。檢索日期:2016/05/15。

「中國—中亞天然氣管線」,中國石油新聞中心(2015),<http://news.cnpc.com .cn/system/2014/11/18/001516264.shtml >。檢索日期:2016/05/28。 長會議(2012),< http://carecprogram.org/uploads/events/2012/11th-MC/

001_107_201_The-Wuhan-Action-Plan-cn.pdf >。檢索日期:2016/03/18。

「駐杜塞爾多夫總領事馮海陽就中歐鐵路聯運大通道建設接受《歐洲時報》

(德國總理訪華專刊)採訪」,中國外交部(2015),

<http://big5.fmprc.gov.cn/gate/big5/www.fmprc.gov.cn/web/dszlsjt_673036/zls _673040/t1309055.shtml >。檢索日期:2016/05/25。

「中哈油管」,焦點事件(2016),< http://www.eventsinfocus.org/issues/176 >。

檢索日期:2016/05/27。

(2014),< http://news.xinhuanet.com/world/2014-12/24/c_1113762915.htm

>。檢索日期:2016/02/26。

「我國籌建中亞-歐洲高鐵網:倫敦到北京只需 48 小時」,成都日報(2010),

< http://news.big5.anhuinews.com/system/2010/03/10/002707234.shtml >。

‧ 國

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

141

貳、英文文獻

一、專書

Auty, Richard, Indra de Soysa (Eds.), “Energy, Wealth and Governance in the Caucasus and Central Asia: Lessons not learned,” Routledge (2006).

Coburn, Leonard L., “Central Asia: Pipelines Are the New Silk Road,” International

Association for Energy Economics (2010).

Cordesman, Anthony H., Steven Colley, “Chinese Strategy and Military Modernization in 2015: A Comparative Analysis,” Rowman & Littlefield Pub Inc (2015).

Coyle, John J., Robert A. Novack, Brian Gibson, Edward J. Bardi, “Transportation: A Global Supply Chain Perspective,” Cengage-SIN (2015).

Croissant, Michael P., Bülent Aras, “Oil and Geopolitics in the Caspian Sea Region,”

Greenwood Publishing Group (1999).

Ebel, Robert E., Rajan Menon (Eds.), “Energy and Conflict in Central Asia and the Caucasus,” Rowman & Littlefield Publishers (2000).

Erdal, Murat, “Küresel Lojistik,” Uluslararası Taşımacılık ve Lojistik Hizmet Üretenler

Derneği (UTIKAD) (2005).

Gavrilis, George, “The Dynamics of Interstate Boundaries,” Cambridge University

Press (2008).

Gstöhl, Sieglinde, Erwan Lannon (Eds.), “The European Union's Broader

Neighbourhood: Challenges and opportunities for cooperation beyond the European Neighbourhood Policy,” Routledge (2015).

Houweling, Henk, Mehdi Parvizi Amineh, “The Geopolitics of Power Projection in U.S. Foreign Policy: From Colonization to Globalization,” Perspectives on Global

Development and Technology, Vol 2 (2005).

Kaw, Mushtaq A. (ed), “Central Asia in Retrospect and Prospect,” Readworthy

‧ 國

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

142

Publications (2010).

Lee, Henry, Philip Vorobyov, Christiane Breznik,”Entering Russia’s Power Sector Challenges in Creating a Credible Carbon Trading System,” Harvard University (2001).

Mackinder, H.J., “Democratic Ideals and Reality: A Study in the Politics of

Reconstruction,” Washington, DC: National Defence University Press (1942).

Nojumi, Neamat, “American State-Building in Afghanistan and Its Regional

Consequences: Achieving Democratic Stability and Balancing China's Influence,”

Rowman & Littlefield Publishers (2016).

Patnaik, Ajay, “Central Asia: Geopolitics, security and stability,” Routledge India (2016).

Sergunin, Alexander, “Explaining Russian Foreign Policy Behavior: Theory and Practice,” Ibidem-Verlag Haunschild/Schoen gbr (2016).

Waltz, Kenneth, “Theory of International Politics,” McGraw-Hill (1979).

二、研究報告

"Central Asia: Decay and Decline," International Crisis Group (2011),

< http://www.crisisgroup.org/en/regions/asia/central-asia/201-central-asia-decay-and-decline.aspx >. Retrieved date: 2016/05/22.

“The Nabucco Gas Pipeline: A chance for the EU to push for change in Turkmenistan,”

The Quaker Council for European Affairs (2009),

<http://www.qcea.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/rprt-nabucco-en-dec-2009.pdf>. Retrieved date: 2016/06/20.

“The Transport Sector in Central Asia,” Central Asia Regional Data Review, No. 4 (2012).

“Toward the Great Ocean-3 Creating Central Eurasia,” Valdai Discussion Club (2015).

‧ 國

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

143

Aminjonov, Farkhod, “Security of the Central Asian Energy System (CAES): State versus Institutional Interests,” Organization for Security and Co-operation in

Europe (2016), No.32.

Arvanitopoulos, Constantine, “The Geopolitics of Oil in Central Asia,” Institute of

International Relations (2002), <

http://groups.uni-paderborn.de/kowag/geoeconomics/pdf/tgooica.pdf >. Retrieved date:

2016/05/09.

Bathija, Sham L., “The New Silk Initiative: Towards a New Strategy for Regional Economic Cooperation,” SAIS Central Asia-Caucasus Initiative and Center for

Strategic & International Studies, John Hopkins University Forum on a New Silk Road Strategy (2011).

Berkofsky, Axel, “China’s Strategic Involvement in Central Asia-Strategies, Results and Obstacles,” Istituto per gli Studi di Politica Internazionale, No.128 (2012).

Bernauer, Thomas, “Climate change and international water conflict in Central Asia,”

ETH Zurich’s Center for Comparative and International Studies & Institute for Environmental Decisions (2012).

De, Jong Sijbren, Jan Wouters, “Central Asia and EU’s Drive Towards Energy Diversefication,” Leuven Centre for Global Governance Studies (2011), <

https://ghum.kuleuven.be/ggs/publications/working_papers/new_series/wp61-70/wp64.pdf >. Retrieved date: 2016/05/03.

Downs, Erica, “Energy Security Series: China,” The Brooking Foreign Policy Studies (2006).

Fedorenko, Vladimir, “Prospects for Water Cooperation in Central Asia,” Rethink (2014), <

http://www.rethinkinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Fedorenko-Prospect-of-Water-Coop.pdf >. Retrieved date: 2016/04/29.

‧ 國

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

144

Fedorenko, Vladimir, “The New Silk Road Initiatives in Central Asia,” Rethink Institute (2013).

Gorshkov, Teimuraz, “TRACECA—Restoration of Silk Route,” Japan Railway &

Transport Review No.28 (2001).

Hongzhou, Zhang, “Building the Silk Road Economic Belt: Problems and Priorities in Central Asia,” S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies (2015).

Huynh, Yoomie, “Implications of a Weak Border: The Link Between the Drug Economy in Afghanistan and Human Trafficking Across the Tajik-Afghan Border in a Post-Soviet Tajikistan,” IREX and Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars

Regional Policy Symposium (2012).

Joshi, Madhura, “Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-India Pipeline Possibility or Pipe Dream?,” Gateway House: Indian Council on Global Relations (2011).

Kuchins, Andrew C. & Jeffrey Mankoff , “Central Asia in a Reconnecting Eurasia: U.S.

Policy Interests and Recommendations,” Center for Strategic and International

Studies (2015).

Kuchins, Andrew C., Jeffrey Mankoff, Oliver Backes & Aitolkyn Kourmanova, “Central Asia in a Reconnecting Eurasia: Kazakhstan's Evolving Foreign Economic and Security Interests,” Center for Strategic and International Studies (2015).

Kulipanova, Elena, “International Transport in Central Asia: Understanding the Patterns of (Non-) Cooperation,” University of Central Asia, No.2 (2012).

Laruelle, Marlene and Sebastien Peyrouse, “Regional Organisations in Central Asia:

Patterns of Interaction, Dilemmas of Efficiency,” University of Central Asia

Institute of Public Policy and Administration Working Paper, No.10 (2012).

Linn, Johannes F. & Oksana Pidufala, "The Experience with Regional Economic Cooperation Organizations: Lessons for Central Asia," Eurasian Development

Bank (2009).

‧ 國

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

145

Mankoff, Jeffrey, “Searching for a Silk Road,” Al Jazeera Centre for Studies (2015).

Mezaa, Carlos, Chunshan Lib, Lokesh Koodlurc, Malti Goeld, Mirabbos

Khujamberdierve, Tabassum Mumtaz, “Energy Policy for Landlocked Countries,”

The World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) (2013), <

http://twas.org/sites/default/files/attachments/landlocked_white_paper.pdf >.

Retrieved date: 2016/06/24.

Oliphant, Craig, Simon Mills, Ivan Campbell, Bernardo Mariani, Maija Paasiaro and Tang Xiaomin, “Central Asia at a crossroads: Russia and China’s changing roles in the region and the implications for peace and stability,” Saferworld (2015).

Pomfret, Richard ,”Central Asia Since 1991:The Experience of the New Independent States,” OECD Development Centre Working Paper, No.212 (2003).

Saito, Hirokazu, "Central Asia's Oil & Gas Sector Since the 2008 Financial Crisis—The Rising Role of China," Asia-Pacific Policy Papers Series (2011).

Starr, S. Frederick & Andrew C. Kuchins: "The Key to Success in Afghanistan: A Modern Silk Road Strategy," Central Asia-Caucasus Institute and Silk Road

Studies Program (2010).

Starr, S. Frederick, "The New Silk Roads: Transport and Trade in Greater Central Asia,"

Central Asia -Caucasus Institute (2007).

Starr, S. Frederick, “Afghanistan Beyond the Fog of Nation Building: Giving Economic Strategy a Chance," Central Asia-Caucasus Institute and Silk Road Studies

Program (2011).

Turdzeladze, Vadim, “Regional Economic Cooperation: Commercially Viable Transport Links between Almaty-Kabul,” Chemonics Intermational (2013).

Vousinas, Georgios L., “Eurasian Economic Community: Towards Integration:

Economic Challenges and Geostrategic Aspects,” Scientific Research (2014).

‧ 國

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

146

三、期刊

Afonin, S., “The TAPI Gas Pipeline: Pro et Contra,” International Affairs: A Monthly

Journal of Political Analysis (2011), Vol.57, No.6, pp.113-120.

Boehm, Christian, “Democracy as a Project: Perceptions of Democracy within the World of Projects in Former Soviet Kyrgyzstan,” Anthropology of East Europe

Review, Vol. 17 No.1 (1999), pp.39-48.

Cooley, A., “Principles in the pipeline: managing transatlantic values and interests in Central Asia,” International Affairs (2008), Vol.84, No.6, pp.1173-1188.

Ferrero-Waldner, B., ”Guest Editorial- The European Neighbourhood Policy: The EU’s Newest Foreign Policy Instrument,” European Foreign Affairs Review (2006),

Vol.11, No.2, pp.139-142.

Gorshkov, Teimuraz, “TRACECA—Restoration of Silk Route,” Japan Railway &

Transport Review No.28 (2001), pp.50-55.

Olcott, Martha Brill, 'The Myth of "Tsentral'naia Aziia",’ Orbis, Vol. 38, No.4 (1994), pp.549-565.

Özyanık, Seçil, “TRACECA: Restoration of Silk Road,” Journal of Caspian Affairs, Vol. I,

No.2, (2015), pp. 1-12.

Perovic, Jeronim, “From Disengagement to Active Economic Competition: Russia’s Return to the South Caucasus and Central Asia,” Demokratizatsiya (2005), No.1, pp.61-85.

Purtas, Firat, “The Greater Central Asia Partnership Initiative and Its Impact on Eurasian,” Journal of Central Asian and Caucasian Studies (2008), Vol.3, No.5, pp.115-130.

Rakhimov, Mirzokhid, “Internal and external dynamics of regional cooperation in Central Asia,” Journal of Eurasian Studies (2010), pp.95-101.

‧ 國

立 政 治 大 學

N a tio na

l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y

147

Sheives, Kevin, “China turns West: Beijing’s Contemporary Strategy Towards Central Asia,” Pacific Affaires (2006), Vol. 79, No. 2, pp.205-224.

Swanström, Niklas, "China and Central Asia: A New Great Game or Traditional Vassal Relations," Journal of Contemporary China (2005), pp.569-584.

Von, Hirschhausen Christian, Hella Engerer, “Post-Soviet Gas Sector Restructuring in the CIS : A political economy approach,” German Institute for Economic

Research, Department of International Economics (1998), Vol.26. No.15,

pp.1113-1123.

四、官方資料

“19th CAREC Energy Sector Coordinating Committee (ESCC) Meeting,” CAREC (2015),

< http://www.carecprogram.org/index.php?page=19th-carec-escc-meeting >.

Retrieved date: 2016/04/03.

“A Review of Energy Tariffs- In INOGATE Partner Countries,” INOGATE (2015), <

http://www.inogate.org/documents/A_Review_of_Energy_Tariffs_in_INOGATE_

Partner_Countries.pdf >. Retrieved date: 2016/05/21.

“About INOGATE,” European Commission (2016), <

http://www.inogate.org/pages/1?lang=en >. Retrieved date: 2016/02/26.

“About the Bank,” Eurasian Development Bank (2016), <

http://www.eabr.org/e/about/ >. Retrieved date: 2016/06/01.

“An Energy Policy for the European Union,” Commission of the European

“An Energy Policy for the European Union,” Commission of the European