從分析單元論團隊的意義及其對公共管理之影響

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(12) 7}ffT I±HiAM:jiB9ItFr"J~ ° ~:6{}J~~iff~~~J!I!mamftlJJEB9~II1JiflO$:OOAW~Jl.Wi~· ~• • ~dmMm.§~~ ••d·. •• ~~.~OOAWm.~B9H.o. I1&~OOAW.llrdlB91LIiJHf*,.PJ-.i¥J. WiAO$:WFmfB Merton". ~U. • Jj1H!Bi~[JfiiJm1)t!Jt-m;ljl. rJ].I1fI~~. ?March & Simon. ffT.ft~ffij. rfjO$:7}ffT*. *JtWdmtE. Selznick " Gouldener ~Afj~Jl.iff~B9d*~tr!tlli:. ~.m.~OOArr~·~~~OB9~*.~~O$:.lIm.~.~~~~*~B9~tFoJ. -7}ffT.ft. (1958:131) ~Wi~Wdm**ltO$:m.B9iff~· ;t:t~I!iBi.~O$:T~U':::~Z~ (1958 :131) :. fjiLli9Hf*,. l.00Am*B9iJ,IE.o 2. i!iI$*ItFIIIII (primary work group) B9~f'F °. 3.00A " ~*ItFIIII" fJl• •llrdlB91L1iJ ° f:t.-t~ March & Simon WiAB9ltl!iiiJ~D. Z~f'F~~m:~B9~VI. • El300Affl~dB9I11I11L1iJ • iiJfj~fj.llm.. • ~~~iff~~PJT~fj~~amB9m:~~;« °. ~9i-' Bennis ~~fjO$:**fJl.~;tB9Wl~~ lli.l:J-rR~Om~m~'L'. " fj~ttB9 r If'F/J\m (task. • #tr!tlli**m.mliBim* • Bi~~ force) J (1967:290-291) • f:t.-t~~~B9. 51~iiJ~. • .~e~.f,Rmlllll~~r~B9M~pJ-m:iT.i¥J*.EI.~J!I!rJ].B9~'Ji ' ffijtEJltflllt 'JiT' r pJ-lIl~mi!il$", (team-based) J B9m.~;+~p,:1j\~Mi~Jtlm:tJt ' ;t:t~ r?:§ll!f!fJl. J Jfn~;t:t~B9~m! '. _~B9. tr!t~Jl.If'F. DB9I1JMJ!. tion) B9~j. m.§w-fl~J}jfj~~r~~MlIDfj;fiTAjUJl,§iZ. (groups) °. 'IiIf'FlIllI ( ~mratilt¥'I1B9) , ~~IIEI3W~tE~B9;tt~~~ , 11!~Afl~~~r~W~J}jfj~. ftf " .l:J-&-;;r. (Matrix Organization). B9l1llld~HJ~.'I1B9~-g.. f:t?:§ll!f!m.B9r"Jrifi '. , ft~fJ:E11!W~ff~fj~nflfIJ.,§iZ (Robey,1986:241-269) ° fPkijZD7Fllim.~;tBm~.l:J-OOAWm.m~IL'B9=7C.1!i. IIII1-g.f'FB91Jp,:f'Fm.lI§fJ.dB9~~. B9~.. '. .tEO$:;t:t~iLB9I\It¥·I1W=ftfl~. ' ffij.l:J. (~. , sti!tEIIIIB9i!i1$~.-tM~~~~r~~OOAJ}jfj~.-g.. ~fffi;fi~iM.?:§l!$m.1im1-jfflOOI\B9fb~Qltz (~~~. WiiJ~m;t:t{}J~~fl~._~B9rOOA. r nm¥J\fj. 74:215. f,£.-tM:. ~gJt.'Ji' ~ 75:93-95) •. 7}ffT.ft·. m.JZ7}ffT.7Cm!p,:,~m?:§l!$m.B9~;t'n. .§fJ.11J. ( W~WJ}jfj~). sti!ffB9i!i1$~. , ~?:§I!$~Jl.r"J~B9~djil{}J. M.O$:~~7}I.m·~;t:t~tFM:~{}J~~m@.~OOA*~~.Wm• • II~.B9~.. • ffij?:§ll!f!m.Pfrfj~~mIB9J}jfj~ , {lm~~W~~D.B93(tm • ~.a~·I1~OB9M~ffijB ' ~JltWi~ § ~ffJ!l!WJ}j.f*~$lJ11tJifiOOaa~WR~.--1IIIW.IIB9ftj~~ft(~~.if~. 156. °. §'IIlIlEr: § ,. III1~t. ~?f!JEm13. 111 iL '11.1:J- 1i.

(13) ~0~.~~~~~~.&~~0~~$~~.. tm~'. wu. ~ilL~Il9~~m~D'ifm~~.~'~~~A~~h'~.~.§~~.~ll9m*~ r&1fmU[l~J$)ifif1t~7JUll9m~tE~.I\fiHI3j(. , {§~M~m®r&1fmmi.im:. r ~A -~.J. Z=7i:7t. & Simon. tT'¥7C~ITii~tJnp),f#~-~. tm:7HJT:k. *x~~if~A~m.MH!~~::f~Il97ttT.¥7i:'~W~~A~~.m~MIl9~"~~'Jtt. 3IW. 0. J. i :131) :. -7ttT.¥7i:.!lP~. , ~¥{§ffl:tm~*::f~~~ , J!mg~~~it~~OO~B~. r III~ (team) J '. '. ~m:Jtt. '. fJt~*Jl.~it::tB~m:~AWm.. ~~ll9g~z~,mlli-.~illl9.~o. ~. rmltUl.ut. flEf3I11~M~Il931ffl. 0. - , lIJ a. 'H!ff~. '\ III ~ a!Jm$. I' i. (group) ~ lIJ ~ tr-H11a.1. I. I. "~ ,!I~. fi*1t:Il9*Jl.~1rJ.!l!mIlIMmp), r~.-~AJ ~7ttT.¥7i:&W~flUt7t!CIl9~.' {§~~F. ~~~1l9. f~*_If'FIl9~~. ifJttmll. .1l9~m¥UA1Mm:fe:flEf3t§lIilWIl91J~*~}i!(;§~. ml{$*Jl.. tioo)ll9mlIT&nXm&®~I{$~ • • 'm®::f~ll9mH1J~.ID~7::f~Il9IWIII.. jUEl~-. W~~tm. ,Jj ,. (groups). ftj: ,. 0. , .!lP~~Ef3~-~1ilAfiJTllI~~}i!(;,. rJJg~mil. (. ~. P)'&::f~Il9.Jt7tI. 74:215). , f91J~D*Jl.7t:tflHt (departmentaliza. Klimoski & Mohammed mA~~III.~::f~~AIl9~il ' *ifift§'M'1l91ffHii:f~. ( Klimoski & Mohammed,1994:404) ;. r n~~ITIWP),~~-~~~Il9§Il9~§~ , ITiiP)'. ~~::f~§J.!I!~~.~~.:g:AJ$)B~BA. ~itlI.:7t~WU~~III.. ffflt§II~M&IIlfJll9m~p),LIl9AIl9~.J. 0. {:ttjz~JE~IlZ. ' II. ( ~~JHJ;J.~tEJtIl9i1A~il). fJ:JljLBm~7nxfifi~~z=7i:. 13-95) ,. 7ttT.¥7i:,~m~~~A~~.MOO~Il9~ft~mil~~'~ITii*X~~III.ll9mH~~m. N:IIT'n. .§~~~Il9~~~~§ITiiB'1t~*~.m~::f~~AW~.m:k~.'~~~1ilAITii. §.~jtm. '1II.Il9Wffl~1f~Raififffi.m,.#,~• •7tIIl9Ajtmil~*ITiiB'ITii~~.ITii. 11l9~.. § , lIaM~7t~Il9~A~htJn.~),W$mil. ~ITiiB'. ~~JE~ifIW~}i!(;~~~T'~A~m.ZIIlfJg~oITiiEf3m:~Aiflll.~m~~§~1l9. I¥.. ~~tt~&* • • • 'i!&~A~MA'1ilA~III.M.~mr.-.JIl9~.~~~~.. 0. '. P)'~~*J.l.ll9m.§~. - 157. 0. i!&1I.ifJttJl;~mm~.

(14) ~.. (Qukk,1992:3) , 1YJJtlDfF~~.m¥EE~~9UEfl~lfl~~fl~.N &:H,~~jtfi!!IIlIIJ1XJ~.:f~1imt~. 0. ~1IJA~il.1imbpJTi{::tlflrt:l~O. :f§tf~lIllllfl*JlJjlG. z '. ' ¥t. 0. ffijtl"JriW~lIltllfl:fH~lfl1'1qj. , jt1'. , J!§m7jtJjlGjirl'l'lfl:fH1i~'-ft~tBltt*fti (Jessup,1992:65). 1Il~1'flf{;~~ AjiI f'FH{*Llfl~ft. ~rl'l'z~~. i!&1IJA~7Jfllf3Ef1~~1!f5. ' *::Zw&~lIltll~iW~lflfJl.xH~IHtlfl1J~Vj1m$m. , 1Il~.lRJtf~AMlfl~ft '. flmtJUJl.f€II§~zjlJjlG. ~§. ~~tt. '. '. ?Jj\~tBlJltrdH,j'J!Llfl~ft. 0. 0. 3?:~lIltll~1Il. , .:g:APJEE~~~tJ(JP).II~M :. ~;\llliif'i.J. §. ~. .. lIm••. III~( team). IIII1(group) ~~~§~~~~m 9~. t. ~~~~~~~§~. .A&-~I~. ~*~. ~~~~s~~m. ~~~~~fi~.~m. ..~~.X$~~. lfl~~. ~.~.RX$~~. ~fj~. ft~~B. qM.m. ~~~SI~ft.~ ~ •• d~~. ~~@~a~~ ~.~~.~d. ~~~~~mI~. .~-Ul:qr,,'. itIli81J1tIf'F. til ( }. •• I. IIlII(. ~~AW.qM~W.. jt~i:. *11&. 'i;"+*f!.t.: Shonk.].H.(l982),Working. in Teams:A Practi cal Manual for Improving Work Groups,New York:AMACOM Press,pp.5-7.. •. ~. EELPJ~'IIl~~-1IJAfl.~~fflflllltll,JjlGjiZ~ffi1i~Mft~'~.1IJA*.ffi. (Katz.. ffiJjlGlfl~n'~Iqj~IIl.lfl~$&~lqjlfl§~®gh,JjlGjiz~.*~~,.~.~,~. 1. 1RJ~.~lflN~&jlJjlG®w*~~,jt~.~~lIltll*f3M~o. Montebello & Buzzotta jilijAw&~IIl • •~:tE4'8m:t1llf~lfl~M' ffj,~m~lII.lfl. .il.1Ejt• ~. .R~Iqj-*Jl.. ' If'F""flflAMilftmiB '. (1993:62) :. r. 1.1Il~~EE ~fXij I~. ,. M_ '. oJ. *_lfl1J~. , ~:t14jtmmbl"J~p).jGJjlGIf'F. 2.1Il.~EEIf'F~f~~A~rl'l'lflm~~~~. fl '. M~~. mi!lIElfllll.L«I~iJ~~~lli""f9lJfi~1J. , ~J'z:JjlGjirdl~nl'lflHf* '. , AjitBlttrdl~f*M.~lfli!P A~ (involvement) - 1;;8. 0. 1''JI~~m. ~*m. 0. ' 1m.

(15) ~~~.~~~~~~a&~~0~~~~~.. ;~WJi. ' it. :o.;1m7*m. ~ • .L~~'Ii'. Montebello & Buzzotta PVJA~~~-~1itJ!If9If'FIII.M*PJ~ggM • tl[l. II=PJT5F: ~,. I. m~!!!!IIIR!1. I. I ~.i'I9I11Jj. f4l1'fi'lIIl1i'19Mi~~~{ilJ1 IliEll~jUdji'l9iMfl". :~. El fJ l1!. , ;It/f. }92:65). •. ~. 0. !i!1 ;J<. ~III.~III. ElfJi'I9l1!~ft.!t!i!. I ili!f~IfFmflJ5\.'l~. -----1-.----- I IiU~!!!!IIIR!1 I )I :1m~lIR!1 t.i"1ffii/J',L.,i'19 • tIj;:}p'ltl .Rli1!;J<J(~i'19 ' i'j ¥tl!l'ltJifi'/!IJ1'jI,j1JfJtfTi1J1 ll!fi~i'I9Mi.fi<!.~. .. ~ ~.elrdjzIlJjllllfRi(;ijl:~. , Ill:A ... ). .=:§.~~'~~£~WI~.HMzn~ 'Jf#Jl:.Ji.f.: Montebello,A.R.. & Buzzotta.V,R.0993l."Work Team That Work".Training & Development,YoI.47,No.3.,p33.. ~1I=~lf9gg~~~~'.~~III.(I)m~~~~~AIf9~I~• • ~~'~~~ ~*:ij~~~§~ lf91!5-m*,J~. , j)J&A~rd}f,l!;~If9~m~t;tA r '. , ;ltft~If9J.l1!~~Hi!:ji~~JiMaIf9. r ~FA ft. IIIl1f1;Itjtij~j)J§~~~IL'*~JlJ~~. ( impersonnel). J. ;. ffiJJIf9 ' ~~F~AIII. II(U)~·~mm~A~~~H~If9~~,mW~~~.mll§~lf9ji~:~JJ~~.~. 11111(1) '~~~If9H~~.~~If9~*r·£*.L~~~If9·~~OOa~~~En~' ;It::tllJijM'~~:ttft!!~~ilf9~.~~. 0. IZ9Jlt • 1lf£~1II11~~If91*#i~~If9t;tA~~m ' ~~. .D~~~*·::t~~ttlf9l11~~~o. £~.L~~~'*x~~IIII1~III~~/f~~mm/f~·PVJ~~If9~~~~~rlf9~~. A*Jftf§ ~~.;jt. (Katzenbach & Smith,1993:113) : 1. ~jU.~ 1500 (leader). Illl1fi -~BA«f~~~finIf9M?J~ ; ~1II~f!Ufl;Itjtij~jt*~Jf?Jf.lf9fil @.. ~1II~1f9. 2. 'UfMJIi (accountability). 9Urr~15. 1II11~.*~AIf9.{f. ~m'lm. 3. §. ; 1II~f!U~~A&WlJltf§lI.{f • • Jfz.1fi. 119 (purpose). 11111119 § If9mlEiJ~*ll.If9{~$ : 1II~f!Jjfi:tt~~{~6ti 4.If'F~*. 0. (work-product). 1II11.*~AIf9If'F~*. ; 1II~f!UtEm.llIf9If'F~* - 159. 0. 0. 0.

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(28) t¥g~~j7;Jri13. '. JlIJ!Il~J.fi~t¥g~"~~:1i!:*:fjrd]1mt¥g. fntft~~ltIlt:rJifft;E:t¥gm*~. ~. '. 0. ~9f.. '. {J£!Il~fft~t¥gjti1Mlt1MiJF1:iJlli{mtt. :{£5$IDfliiA3:~t¥g[!jn. , fEl&:f:1f1 ' B *Wf!~:{£~lf.¥rt3'I7'JT J;)~ft '. '. !Il~fft~J!ftil!<+~ntl1iS~. MLtElli~I7'J~!Il~fft~~jU~~t¥g:l:tjt~ti. ffl ' Ei3Iltltz. ' ~f't¥gJff~~ftlJ!l':1i!:~f!~~~~m1iS:iF~xft'W~t¥gfl*~:f:1f1l& ' ~~:1i!:frnHfJ i5#!~t¥grd]1m. 0. ~.~'Mm*:{£~.~flt¥g!ll~J.fi~ • • • 0#W~~'iJF1:iJ~.~.~t¥g~1m'. Allison & Sayre. :{£.I:t~0#W:@Jlij~.W~1f.¥. :ft:iFm~t¥g$5}:1i!:*ElraJt¥g J. (Allison, 1979:457). '. tiUIt~!±l:. ,Ilt£]~j(£1I'f:fj~iJ1.t¥g~ffi' @WiJF~:fj*El. 'lit t¥g !A'I'tl: ' II ~ij!:lI.~:fj*El'litt¥gil '.!iW il~ '11 ' ~~JlIJ:fj~fi~ Ei3*xt¥g~glfi. illi. , ~ff~1iSJB:ilt¥g~jJ , ~mzll~Jff~1:iJf!~~ff~0#illi~t¥g&H'l.UB:ff ' @ ~9:(]..tW1iIHr ..t:iF1JJi7lii~f~1Et¥gil~~f~. ~3xJl. ( .B!; 75) ,. ~fl\l.. ( .B!; 74) 't:El_flmWWJJ.'. ------( .B!; 79) ,. (. @;l!t:1i!:~ f!~ 7'G ~iI!A :if ~ ttflt¥g0#. ' fX1M1:iJ j,.')liiJE:t¥g~ , ~rrll~Jff~~'?&:iF:1i!:-It1:iJ~pt¥g , E1:iJf!E~-i~:{£fi. ;E:..t ' ftu!l'..t '. ~li!~. r 0#$r~WfL.A$r~f;!:fj:{£. "~Ii$:J-tf:El~*tft;lt¥g.'I1~Nt". tii&~. 82)'". i:i~t. fI:lIi&1il*~~~. , fli&.~i ' M18 ' Ji 83-98. : 1ir-Mli.!±l~0jj]. , i:i~t : .:::..B!;.~. j\!.fefft~W0#q:ri&. 0. 0. 0. 0. : It Henery,Ostrom WGolembiewski t¥gfl~. , ~:t\+:t\M ' J{ 47-71. or. ,. a. g fif~ ( .B!; 79) • fri&mt!mX;:f!~lWlIt¥gJJ.~lfi9t" ' i&*0frPITfift±alfix a Allison,G.T.(1979)"Public and Private Management:Are They Fundamentally Alike in All Unimportant Respects?" ,in Shafritz,J.M. & Hyde,A.C.(1992) (eds.) Classics. of. Public. Administration,3rd.ed.,Pacific. Grove,Cal:Brooks/Cole. Publishing Co. Bates,C. & Renforth,W. (1986) "Cultural Linkages to Managerial Behavior: Implica ~. 172. ~.

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