論中共「社會主義初級階段」中的共黨角色--蘇東劇變的反思
22
0
0
全文
(2) 2. ... , I¥JflM~15. 0. 1I$m:tEflM~l5tp. , retp~=+4*l¥Jc)t!JOOfi!,(fOij!1~1t~~~~. ~'~M~+-~hOO,.tp~&~.~sl¥J$~'U$m~~:. r~~~*'~.~~ .*~.o~~+. ••. •• ~~.D~~a~~ ••• ~.~~ A~m.~h.tt-~.~~*,~~~. &~tl~~~.±.,~~tl~. •• ~tt-~.~. ~&m. ~D~+~*~T.%ma~'~~~~~*#~,.~~m. ~~~A~. t.~~~~~~~.'.~.I~~~'.~~. ~~~_~.·~~#.~T.~~.~.'ro~*~~~~m .~·m.~·~.~±W~~.~~&'~~~*.~IAM fo.& 5t:J*, Ilf. 'ti jIt • JIb 5L~ • ~ 1~. ~ 1ft ~ ±,(" ±:t ~ A ~ mU%- ~. ••.•. ••. *~.~* ~.l.tt~~.,~.m*~~*·~.* ~~.~~.~~~~~.~~'~ ~.Mh~~.~ 1f~FJ~h. •J. I. r .I¥J~~ J . r ft\~rJ'" J fO r *1t-~~ J ,-rt:J~~i£~~tp ~~ .l{'i{i&ffll¥J r -==-*fidlf J • ul¥J~~I5M~ , :tEtp~*~;ij!Aij!1~1tl¥:l~~~ , tp~1JJti~!ii~jljJ r.~ J I¥Jllt~t1 ; Wll:tlTIlB;1 , tp~15]i~At!2~i£~3ilJc5<::!JOO fi!,(i&~I¥J.Dffi ' B*~r1x:~7tp~*~I¥J[?g:$i-$m ' ~.&\~J;tI3~~!t!f.frJ 5 ' *OOf-j:frfl~I¥J~~~· ~~, r:tE&4-tp~~~:tE}jft~~W]~:tEffi±~ -=:t~f)]*&IP'&f~ J 2 I¥JB~~IJ ' ~lt~giSnJ(;:r:j]:tiliJltH1~JTI¥J~~~ , B*~/f~c5<::!J OOfi!,(i&m~i!H~tJII~flJffH=rl¥Jro':Im ' '8BfDm3iUM(lmtp~ r L.L~ J I¥J iW~~:Im r fM(*jU~ J :tEillhOOmf~7~~UI¥J~W!l • 0. PJT~J!j rfM(*!lU~J 'ill~tt-tLJ\tL400~i11¥J~1t, ~~tp~*~~~*. ~Ua~AI¥J~$'. r:tEc5<::!JI¥J./mOOiW' fM(~~&*W:l¥JtLf~ffd:Wt-=:t~~* -'WJ~-~:tili~±'7M~ , r1x:t!j!7~lf.I¥J~Ji~ , fi!,(~7Jif~5ifEl,-=:t~l¥Jf3j. ~jfr±~-=:t~. J .~jU~l¥Jh~¥ij!7/flt'UI¥J~~ , ff!~Ja~~*~~ : r ;fN*ro~:lmtfj:tE¥tti&I¥J~lflt[?g:g~ • ~~ , illlJ:t:t~Wl¥JjjIt~-=:t~~*1:E~ ±'jll~tJiW ' 11m~~lflt-lt¥tti& ' 1:EillflifIJf.itl"T ' ¥tti<l¥J,¥tpWff1* ~Nl¥Jffl1J • t!2iE~~tlDll:t ' ~lf.I¥J#~15Gt!2~@:~rR5Eif.l¥Jllfi~ . ~* I 2. ARSfil Cmm.tED '1998 if. 12 B 198 I'tlL 0. 'm 21lFi'. I. i. ,~. I. I.
(3) ffiijjt:p~ rfd:fr.:E~1n*&Iltli~J t:pl¥J~~ftJ5-~*jtl~l¥J&,1G,. 3. ~ I¥JffiJ~;fOffd:tt::t~G5I:$JJ*l¥JffiJ~. 0. J3. CP~.~Im{/8I¥JffiJ~rQ'~. i;. , l£it~j~~~1& ' CP~f7'J$RPiJfRjtl2~ iBjU~f.jCP ~*I~?~{iiJ~gg'f!£I¥J~•• *f!i~~j[~,.~mjU~tt*frcp~1¥J ~7G ' fm.!JjJi!M*,f.j~ r 1i~~f;h ;fO r 1i~m/f~gJ ,lltRP: r ~¥,f.1¥J fj][~ , m::f~gf~~.fM ; ~:Mf AI£I£::tWJj( , m/f~gf~[§JjI¥J~ttll&m ; ~M',~5Vi~t::t~I¥JH~~jJi!ill: ' m/f~gi~t~~,li§H'.!tJ:.I¥J~:Ttft ; ~:Mfi}1ffM I¥Jjtl21ft ' m/f~gf~f.l.1f ft ; ~M'.~f!!f[I~I¥J~f-tfj][~ . m/f~gi~lI~~1¥J fi"~p.ft.Jl ' fi"~pll&mftJl J 4~cp , ~M'~.fj][~m ' IUi~1¥JUJ&jJi!1.ll ' 0. ~. ~.r~~m~$~~'~~~~'~lI&~ill:;fO&;fO~~~~~I¥J~~ ~ J '*llf~tr~l¥Jff~. 0. lZ9~,. r iftf.jCP~AI£I¥J**1f1fmi1:l¥J~. , ffr*~ , ~~~:S-~.1'€:r'1'€:r1£3]:@1*rQ'~J:J[rJ~~~ J 5 CP~~DfilJOO~~ , ~:9M8~ , ~*)(~iBl¥Jm"li l£!tt~1r'~)t;5$ ~JtiJ ' 1£~iBl¥J~~CP , ~1r,e1±~¥~cp~*I~.w~llY~ , *~ , 1£::t~1i!:$ ~J:ffl£l¥Ji~jlfd1: ' lZ9llt ' ~$~.w*~~!£1¥J~1t ' Mz/f&,~tt&~l£CP 0. 0. ·t . ~*f!if7'J$·llt~'~~fu~.cp~.mr1fcp~M@~tt::t~Jl¥Jffl. {j' , ~lilJE-f~Jm~~al¥J~. 0. mJf!~I¥J~~*Jtff1f::t~I¥JV]i1. ' 1£. ~*JlIJ~~ 1& ' 'i'~1r'1!ff~CP~1¥J25<:$~ffifii;f025<:$~fjCPOOf-tI¥J~~r~~ ~ , ill/fB:;ftl:f~5l r 1pj1if§~J 1¥J~1t • ift~*)(t1DJ: r~*jtl~I¥J&Ji!;l'J ... ,. ift-MU~~8"JJjj{lZ9. ' fu~CP~/fIT5$~J!~c1&~wlll¥J~EE. 0. it .. $ :ttai¥!! ~~saHt:t:tltJ tr-J-g-HHt ~g'f.Am-m-ij Iffl7U~. -.,. EJ5 '. r &1f$ffiJl¥J~~~ , Zt&1f$ffiJl¥J~!iJJ J miD. *~I¥1~~~.w1T!iJJl¥Jf§1Llmf*. 0. W1iff~.rQ'~I¥J~~~~1fjlIt$WT~. (Zbigniew K. Brzezinski) 'g;g~, ~~W~l£'i'f-tll&mCPl¥JmJ!tt ~;fOj;D~l¥Jtt&. ' ffd:tt*~~I¥J1JD~~!iJJ ' t)&I£J;Rf-t~Jj(mi±~1Jl¥Jttt1JD. 3 ~lw.IIJa~A.tY:1itlt1*' If(Jf!:JlU?!liJMWlffl=::fI~~. ;.......... ' ::t. : m-~~A.~re*Jfl41JmIm7~jf.tY:1M. " . tlJ]m,~fEl52 ; m=~~A.~llf~:51:j?jmWJ&:lMilft~1l . i!a~~.W~~~~tH~:tI . ~D'i1!tIl!~!IJ ; m::::'~~A.~llf~lMiil±'H:tU1j~~5GI47~ . lMiE!<:l'itt.tY:1~}JIJit61~ , ~:tIJ!~ . l':J ~~.x:tlr~,~~~~n~~~~-W~~~~~'~~fi~~tY:1~~·M~~~a~m·. 4. ~. U.;tIlCll¥sa (~lfjj : A.~tH/l&Jfi . 1997 if. 6 Fl) .:g 17· j'ilmrm' ti.Il"£ ' B1I'ltlHf . jiIij"lfilJJlB9~9E~.-~2J>~."U~~2J>~. lt5i~i . 1991 if. 12 Fl) .:g 202·. 5 1i"J~.:g 200-201 •. (~tg. : W§:)(~lli.
(4) 4. 1"f1Bl ' ill®!2Sl*f~1~il&mJ1Xm%<AIBl1l11¥:r~.m. m71"f)jtl~5jjWd:wfl¥J~. 0. ~~~,~m*~~~~~±~'$5~±~~~~±~~~m-~r~ {~I¥J$-ar:r~~7f3~ J (modern revolutionary ideology). •. t::::.ZE'V+'_LAEol'OOl). ~IT~~~·ill~~~~m§-®~~~.$.m~~ffl~I¥J®~' j@J~j@J~~ § lWffr±1f'I~¥5tI¥J~*pff1'Fl¥JaJ1~±~*iJDtJ~~ 6 0. :tE~.$fifjl¥Jj@Jf~rp. Ai±§I¥J~@. 0. , ~~~t~fl];fIJJppJ~ra~l¥JlBl1'* ' ~.~-@Iij I. ~m*~~~s~· ~~~7f3~*m*mf,iU±~~~j!U8~. · '8:tElff~jjTIfi~{~~7;f1JJI¥J~1"fftjrPJ ~~~~m;flJJl¥Jj!!m~lH~ , MLll¥R~;fIJJf~ml¥JjjrPJ 1"f~fl~ · ~~7f3t~PJj;J~WJ;fIJJl¥Jir:fI {tfD:fI'!j:1t : MLll:tE;fIJJ"1tm;fl~I¥J~~ , ~~~~*~~J1X7;f1JJI¥J 0. 0. -ff~:fr. 0. r !. ~. 7. , 1"f1Bl~~7f3~I¥J~~;L~ , Ml~{*[Iji~;fIJJFJ~ ffi)::fITJigiiff tp~.Dfga5l:$~f.&il&*1~ , PJf~J1j~sfil1)iUI].m.~;Lr~l¥J~ifB rp~il&;fI,~:V:J;J1~ 0. '~*~fu~.tp:tE~~rp~~.AfflTIfi~I¥J=@I~~~~~@:m. - , W-:fL-t;J\1f:tpm*Ili~~ilij I~Jt*±~I¥J~iM1& ' rp~{j;J-,¥~dZ\~ ' m{~-@Iir:E!1t~ir$'I1:I¥J~~ ; m= ' tp~ill~ f§RmJt*±~~1151Jffi)1J!J § mmffr±1f±~~I¥J~$~]~$ , ~Jtij~*ffiM'~. ~'8l¥Ja5l:$~f.&il&*. ~;m-,rp~BTIfi~7-jjTIfi~~~~1f±~I¥J~:fIm~:-jjTIfix~. ~~~¥tlJt~~K&~1tlfl~pJf~.l¥JjfJ§lro~@. ;f!l~llBl~&~I¥J~~~fl~ro~@ ~111:. 0. 8. m7~¥R~~=@I1Eill:t. , ~1La5l:$~f.&I¥J:fIWii~;f14 , ~~1"f!t~!fl¥JdZ'. 0. -. , ;f.:l:. i" .i.. -l ;fJ1 $a ~ f~ j£l. ~~rtpm~~.*~~JI¥J~~,tp~mmr~1f±~mK&~~J ~1"f~9UppJ~~~. : m- , rpmI¥JJfd:1fB*~~Wd:1f.:t~Jfd:1f ' M<:dZ\~~M' ffi)::fij~iE~Wd:~±~ : m= ' tpmI¥JJfd:1f±~ffr±~~J1K:tEf)]K&~~ , M<:dZ\ ~Will{~.~tfj~ , ffi)::fij~m~ill@lrJi~ ~1'1ffi)§ , illM~f9:~~~9U 1¥J~~li : 0. 6. Zbigniew K. Brzezinski, The Soviet Bloc: Unity and Conflict (Cambridge: Harvard University Press,. 7. Ibid., p. 488.. 8. James C. F. Wang, Contemporary Chinese Politics (Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc.,. 1979) , pp. 485-486.. 1995) , pp. 55-56,. r I. ). i.. Af/I.
(5) ~r:p~ rjfd:tt:::tJ!ifJ]~~~J r:pEi"J~.jf;J~-jHf!.ti~Ei"J&~,. (l)1£~fI~:FtiH~Jfflrr ~ j:1lf¥J'!'1JDL~. 5. , ~f;f~{i,~~~7f3s;t;fD*~~ 15s;t. ~~~~;. (2)fa~UfflU,~B*~m~. , fE!~ff1£lf~£f¥JJiI1ffl~lIJl§mt* ; (3).fT:fjnlrjf¥J1ffidM~~ , *1J~~1ffi61~i£;fD1ffi615C:w! ; (4).ffJ;Jt1(~:5t~Bmj:Ilf¥J~m:5t~c15s;ti}ftff ; (5)IAl ' f~~~ , 1l1J~IIJWB~1J~lIJzFa~f¥JJf:lLBm~ , fE!1JJ~ff1£ lf~5jU ; (6)ff±~j:~m1fr$3tBJ3~~B:fjfEl.~1il '1El~rH.~ ; (7)ff±~j:~~fl1Jm¥U-JE~~ , fE!~~*ZP:;fD~flW±~1tf¥r&~~ ~~,tt~j:~~~&~~lil~~~~*o. m~~@*~'~~~~~OOm~f¥Jj:~~~~: rA~8~~~f¥J ~~3t1t'jjit~~mr&f¥Jtt~~lfzFa~f¥J~~ ~~J~~lf1J -\ 1. t. '. J;Jte~~il3;fDmr&. 0. 0. J ffijm~~~f¥Jj:~15$;~P. 9. ~~~m,~~~i}ft~:fjJftt~j:~tt~~ff~ftf¥Jm~~:5t,~OO. Fl:I~1mzpJT J;J iJ !mAfr~f¥JJJ:¥ztt~. I§m. 0. fN~~~*~~==tff¥J*$. , ~;fDn~j:~~~f¥J*~~llffitla;z:1j1i::fj. :. r~~~~ftl~~~I~M~~ftJ~~.~~~~~~ft. $~ ~. !. ... i~AI:1*$~~fAA.Il:lt ~. _~B~~.~. 1 '. 0. , 11: I. ~I..*1t*M. '. ~H¥.~il&~~!. ~~m°11:.~fAA.Il:lt~W~I~I..*fu~.,. t. •• ft~~. ili*o~*M~*'A~~& ••• ~~~. ~ftl~~&~_~ft~~~~~I~,~~~.&~ak~~. WA•• ~~~;~K'.A~~~ •• ~m.&&~~~~. ~~ft~.~il&.~¥~~ ••. ,. &•• I~~#.. ft.~~. ~'iWmJ~~il&.~#.~.~ •• ·JW 1£~~f¥Jm~. , M~~~.~Ji~A.~~* (N.S. Khrushchev) 1£¥A. i&~m:l:Hf¥J~lfj:~ r ~rnJ~~~lfli J ' ~P1~~ T fi!!1£f~~~~~J:~:Ut*m. f¥J~~o.~~*1£~~=+*I§m:Ut~~~~f¥J~~~m:l:H:~r1£~~. j". mt~~MP'3J. '. r1£t1(ADn~f¥Jlf:l1:15rnJ~J:i}ftJm~lll~:llf¥J~*j:~. ~~·J-ftEt~+-~'1£~~rmt~~.~J.~*~J:f¥J~~. 9. 4·. 10. :Ilt~:t~. r:p1il~1I.~ltft (~tJP-. : r:p!IJ!IJ~~fltl:lllEiiil± . 1991. ~1Ji~' U.::t.U.NJililiHAIfIa~ • • (3r~. ~ 5 ~) • J{ 377-378 •. : AF;tl:lIlEiff<± ' 1988 ~ 3 ~) , J{ 2 •.
(6) 6. , Milt~::K3Z.fE~11l r mt~a~rE~ J ~.mJE:m+1i1f : -:h1i:h1f~- Fl it-t::; E3 ' 1:Ei*#- +-*8"J¥~~r:p . MjltjlE~'g1fj: r i*~~A -11l$}f 8"J ' tiYim~8"J~M- -~OO!Uft#~±~jfd:~9!~8"J~M ~11la~M8"J± 0. ~ff~'~9!ft#~±~8"J~~&~£~;1:E-:h*-1f+FlB~8"Ji*#. =+-*~·Milt.::KfE~~~#~±~~.8"J~mgR~ • • r1:E=+1fI7'Jfk;fr~~£*~9!~#~±~ffr±~ J 11. ·. 0. -~~:m·Milt.::K~~~fN§8"J~e±~m$·~~~~~a8"J -11lm~JJRrzsJ ~8"Jltff~1fjmn1lE::K (L.I. Brezhnev) ~-:h*-t::;1f ' 0. 1:E-~ rffr±~±~f1t*WJfU8"J1i+1f J 8"J~~r:p g~jfd:~±~ J. 8"JllflilT. 0. , §~mthi*~~B. r9!~. r:p#~~~:g:mi1i11lJ;!t!llfli1:Ejfd:~±~jfd:~~Jf~IIJ7t. . mth 7' -J):Slfj1~tl::~8"J~I7'J?G : , :aJE7'~.B~M8"Jt5*gt~~~~#~±~~.8"Jel~ , ~M1 5$~jfd:~±~~Jf~8"J~M)[~ ; - ,m~mth7'ffd:~±~~K~IU7tr~~ ; ~= mth7'ffr±~±~:fJtt!3:!fHI£~8"Jllflil~ ;. '. ~jZg , mth7'1:Eg:i!ffr±~±~~Jf~~9!:lI.~~~t&ffr±~8"J~m. 0. 12. fk;fr~:fJJ;!t!EEif§w. ' r:p# r ffd:~±~fJJ~~~~llfli J 8"Jmth ' if§~$:fr~ .~7'i*~~~8"JgR• • o~~:m~~~:fJrWt&Jwrg:i!J8"J~ ~ r:p#~~mMfk;~ . trfJJ;f&~Jf~8"Jm~~\~~r:p:tUd:~±~mU,ltfbJ~ 7'G~8"Jm$~~~1:E-m : iliJ!!~ r:p~*~*~11it3t1ttt~~1&,fDa)?:~~~~ 0. 1&)jj\t5l$~*~~~M~:tJ8"J1t~t~~~~1:E-m. 0. J3. £~~~~Jffii1t~t. ' r:p #fEgRjfd:~~~:tJ1'F:m~ {[j!1WJf ~~8"JfN* f:f ~·~~~.~&:fJtiffr±~±~~~8"JE7t~th• • ·@tt~~~~± · f}pmf3:f:7'r:p#5$~gR~~:tJ8"JJj~Mtt1J~ r:p#~~5$§ffiJ: r ~~~ ~±~fE--Il1ffr±~rDl1*m$~~~~rDl1* • te:!~~rDl1*M~~~~:tJgR8"J ~,lt • 1;:tfffl~Afr~:fJUJ~8"JfNfI~7tifJTA~jfd:~gR8"J;1;JU$ J 14 0. 0. -=- ' *:t 1f~ if.).1}] jJ~ ftrDlr.~m~l8"Jgllfli,£~~m*.m~~~~m®-@.~·. JiJ$tf1:E r ~~W1fi1fp J 8"Jllfli~r:ptlDllt~7F : 11. fil]J:' ~ 110 ' Il3 '. 12. fil]J:' ~ 119-122 '. 13. fil]J:' ~ 177-179 •. 14. fil]J:' ~ 193. 0. l I.
(7) -flj. ~tfB9=T~ r ffttlff.:t'_H]J*&Il"~~Ji J 9=Tl¥Jj:t.fElts-~*JjU~I¥JNJE\. :'-fj -f&ffi. r.W'~~M~~.m~~'k~. 'f$:t. .~a.I.'W~I~r~ .~.~.. ""':k::. ~a~I.~ r~fi~tJ rt; r j~ • J ~ ~1~ ~. I&; # I • J J 15. ~.I.~~. 0. rf$. •• ~a*.*r~.JW. J~.~'~~~~~.~.. ••• W~o.~~M.&~'W.. ~;t{: ~'IIJ. 7. ~ •• ~.~*.~*~ ~ q.b~ ~ ~~ ~. g P~Hl ~ I .. 'W. *. '. 0. .~~l¥J'[1Jr£~. , W1Hjt1J~~/f1t~~~~ffi:tJl¥J jfd:1t3:~~*l¥J ~Jmm:9:~!lfl)3' /f{Ji:tt.~*~3t~ r§f=rmt: J l¥J~JGI,' ~WM~~iP'&t6& )iG~~f£jEl¥J:tt~.:;$:JJt ' lli~~~~~Wil&l¥Jffi:tJ tEr:p:ttl¥JHNr:p , M if~~:tt.~]tfID::X;B~~ (M.S. Gorbachev) l¥Jc5<:~ , ~-:fI r § miJitrJJ J l¥J{'FY! {E!~D*~fr~{-f~Wf~ftgl¥JlW.~fDfT~ , ~fr~~~:m::x;B~~l¥J~. 'fiX. B. 0. 0. ,J'.,.. q. 0. $fD-~il&mfDggil&~l¥J~~/f~'B/f~~~~if~l¥J~:tJ,~~~ ~jt£:;$:I~JlU. , Mz.fY!jt~~m!tIJfDil&m~~ 16 ~ ~ Z ' ::x;B~~sl:f[~~~ffi:tJl¥Jn~ if~i&r&5trtJ r § fTmt: J '. Tffl~~ r~{tid:1t3:~. 0. 0. J '. ~jt~~fftEl¥J~¥ffttl*o r:p:tt'i'~lli~3t~. r §f=rmt: J l¥Jn~ ~§15U~ , ~te r jfd:~3:~tn*& l¥J[§l¥Jz- , gt~~~*fEl;j:tt.l¥J*JCmffi:tJ ' t~¥tl-@lt5-Y!'I'~l¥J £~ {'F~c5<:~OO~ r *Jril,~HSijj J l¥Jfr~/j \ZjI , 1Wfl)3 81~ te: r73t ~.l¥J~]t .,gt&~:m~r:p~l¥J-W;&~.l¥J• • ,gt&~-.~Rl¥Jil&mM *~ ~3t~.l¥J~]t. ' gtY3t~~A::IIl*El¥Jil&mrni® ; Y5i~.l¥J~]t. ' !mEgU ~l¥Jmm$gttf{l§/fm* ; ~3t~.l¥J~]t. ' ~~5Z.*I5Z.W ' ~}jU~~~U~~D ~5fDW~~g:tJl¥J~ffilli¥!J'L/fm* iat~ , jfd:~3:~IL9M1J!{~{t~~ , fft§. ~l¥J*JC- , &Bffi3:~l¥Jrl~ , lli~Y5i~-M:tJ:!I~~~1y~:a.~fT J 17 tJ:ra~r:p:ttl¥Jc5<:~~EE.l¥J r +-ftfL=.r:p~~ J f$;jOOjj;¥l¥J ' ttl.utr:p~ :tt~.~flU~~ rc5<:~$~l¥J~!tIJ~5fD~]t.~ J -1Sr:p~*~~l¥J~~ , ~~:tt.f£jEl¥Jm~'[1 , f'F7 J;) Tl¥Jflmt : 0. ~~~~lfll J. "'\. 0. ;. 0. I'. 0. 0. )p 15 . )1IJ.' 175. ;,..,. r IIJ~W1itfif;' J • ~g*l!:iH (m=~). (~Wff4: :$'}~3tIUil±ll:&rnJElJff. . 1949 if) .}'!. 0. 16. M. Gorbachev, Perestroika i Novae Myshlenie: Dlya Nashei Strany i dlya Vsevo Mira (Moskva: lzdat·. 17. elstvo Politcheskoi Literatury, 1987) ,p. 51. In\/J\2jS. r Eljllnjl;JJt3~fGli:f)J J • !llJJ'ZfIl!:iH (m=~) ~266'. UtJ?,::. .AJ~\l±ll:&jji±. ' 1994 if 10 Fl) ..
(8) •. 8. r~* ~. ~. •• ~~_*. ••. ,~mwa~~.~~~. , ~ ~1:f~~,f.i!UIi §. ~ BX*.X '31 !f.t::#JV.;fU i1 fmi% ~ 0. ••. *. ~~'~~~~'**M~~'~fr'~.'~I~&~~~~ ~~.MM~~~~~~~i1~.o~~I'~~#.I~ •. •. '~~~~~~-~.~.~'ili~~.~.~~~.~m* .'ili~AW.~~fi~~~~W'-W~~T~.~.~'~ *.~~ o~~~~~ ,~*~.~~.~.~~~~a. ••. ~*'I~~.~.~~~~a~~'~.~£~~.~I~£ ~M~~ •• ~~. ~~.~o~.'-W*l~A~m.~~. ~~.~'~~~ • • K~~~W~oJ~ J:illtCP~*~~~I'B~$ :ttCP.tn-3ZEffD*:50~fl'B. , Jlf~f;f§&,I'B*~'f'i. CP~*~AO~~. ,. ' ~.ffilml'Bft:l , g~~~tt~m- ~1l~1'B;f! , cp~~Wj*tH~-.~i& ' ~.*JU1~t~m iii±1ltl'Bml:*ji~ , F!i#UA::t;foJilml'BrJi'EiWJ ft~z~.~]H¥I'B'f~r5rf ' fX. '. .!J~l'Btt{j!Jm~~Y. 0. ~lllt. Q. 0. 0. ~m.~.aW~.l'BmiWJfD~ff'~~MH.~o~.~~~:tt~~ 11: ' c5l:.~:&I'BFJ:I'Jmx;f!~DlttJJitz ' ~DJ1tfl~ , ~.~{:itEc5l:.~fjcpt~ I. '. I. iU-&tl!Effftl'BftO ' MLEi mmiUHl1E~rHgl'Bl!EEE ~~ffflif± r g 1TmL: J l'B:grtu. 0. ~.D~1i~!lItfffd:~. 0. CP~l!E~~~E~m,cp~*~I'B~~±~~.fffttf~*~n: ;f!.tn-A~I'B!73ffB;YJ§ , mf,t;f! r A~!73$:tHi;fIJ~;f~rni ' *IJ~~{*I'B~~. ~fD*il-&tffij5 fllil'B~fi~[t:IJn~l'Bfl:ti;fo*~ J ; ~-::1JiID~*g r ~ !73:9f.ilt!l:!M~*nl'Bf1liiiJL J 19 !Mtn-ffiMC5l:.$~ r ~iWJ~ J fD r ~~~~ J 0. Q. , ~®~lln.~J:Zt~t~RX:7tJtil!t ffij~D{i1J~{1tJtil!t ' ~U ~11ifl~MJc5l:.l'Btm=&'I[~Jrjmff ' m~~~.I'B;fInfDj;iBflL ftllt ' fXfr~re ~.iID~l'BtJtil!t ' &iJ~ffl!73ftfD:9f.ft~1il$51JEjtgl'B~.fffl1§. 0. 0. Q. 18 ,~""*, ,*,1II~¥B9i!!M~~ (~: A~.'±lll&ff!±' 1992 "f. 4 19 ~Js' U.!t.~¥M ,]It 364'. F:l). ']lt241 ,.
(9) fRlir:p~ r jfr±~:±~:j<n~~~5t: J r:pB9~:W;fi;jt5-il*!lU~8<]N,~,. 9. > - ,. ~-tf.a~~t~. r +~-@=9J~tf'J pffmltJl¥Jc)($:n$; , pg~~FmJJi£ ' rnH11¥J~~ ; ~.pff& ' ;1t~§:l¥Jr~~m ' fu13-3!7~m ' *~m ~{t;fOf.t 1Hm{*~~1iIJ1fOO ' -:tL:tL1i:1f.:hJ3 it}\ E3 ' 9J~9J;R:~if~i3rr~~1:E. I¥J r +IZ9J~1i9J~tf J I¥JM.~9J ' ~~7 r 1E~~ffd:1f'±~JJH-I:':{tij! ~9JI¥J;s:.::rm::k!Ul1*J ~~i5 ¥I~~::(£~gi59J)1U~1¥J rm::k1m1*J '1!Mt 9J~. l.l. '. 0. :~-'~$'~~'~~I¥JIm~;~='~~;fO~~I¥J!Ul~;~~' ,I>. ~mij!~~Ao'~~'$~I¥JIm~;~IZ9'~-'='=~~I¥JIm~; ~1i'.$~.;f09J§$~.I¥JIm~;~~,m• • • ;fO*.R~1¥J1m. f* ; ~t:;. , 0::ffftU*~m;fO;1tftl1.*~m~f5.tl¥Jlmf*. f~AI¥J1m1* j~:nI¥JIm{* ~*. : 1&A5tggc9J~~ , 1E:~;f1J ; ~:tL ' f1I::kf.t1HmtDI:;fIJ~M~ f.JJ!§:1¥J1m1* ; ~+ ' 9J;R:;f1J ; ~+- , ~IWij!~;fO*~mij!~l¥Jlmf* ; m+= ' to/JJif~aAij!. ~;fOmm$~aAij!~I¥JIm~. 0. 20. ~9J~I¥J~~*~,rr~~~ml¥Jr+=::kIm~J '~~+=liIm::k ~m'fu~M~m~$~tDI:~'9J~OOf.tI¥J+=~~~offi~~.1:E~$ ~f!i9JFrnl¥Jf'Fffl ' ¥I~ml¥J+=::k1m1* ' B{~nlG7~.I¥JDmf:J~~ ;~i5 0. ~;Rm \. '". ' ¥Jt~~.*:!§t1:EC)($9J~§:1¥J~1t ' fu~§: 7J7Wf~Dml¥Jr~~m '. ~*~Imtl1l¥Jm~~. 0. ;Ui5~ml¥Jr~'m~9J;R:m~l¥J~u&~;fO~J1f.*flJ:lI¥J~~. 0. fW~~m1:E. ~m~.~~~~.W'9J;R:~~~~~r.BJ~~~~~~r. BJ ; f&~~Ij~~M.*~~HgFrn3§U~Ji2J;fOmmil¥Jf'Fffl :A;;1t~~H ' .fO~Jff~H~I¥JJF€i~ft:bL::k ' f'I~~f.J~&~ 21 flIJi5I¥J~$ , fu~~rr~~1:E r + =::krulf* J 9Jm3§UI¥J9J;R:;fIJ~:n1¥J rulf*r~5m tI~~fl'ilm: r C)($~tDl:t~* ' Jrf'Imf.JTtDI: ' ~:nUt~]jtt1~ 3§UJB5t~tJj! , ::fff.JjtEmItJ7C)($;fIJ~,~ @~-f~m~*~,~ , ff!&JB5t1JD j;)t§t~ 191:E@1iI~fliI9J ' fumm7 -®$JfI¥J~~;fOr~5m ::ffl¥Jj~:nfOil~ r~~~j~~I1*~. ' *il~r~l¥JrnJ$;frj~ , j{1'fr(tM'I9J;R:I¥J:n#fO~.~ f.J ' ft:¥mm 7 -t::ff~. ' T::ffW. ' ::fffJ ~f"r ' ::ff~~If::.I¥JJJt~ J 22 0. ,. 0. 0. 0. 0. ~. 0. 0. ~. 20 ¥Iltrei§ii~rfE=ffilft, :3t3t'l1 EI~?t;aJl~.:tl\lll ' JQ• • ic~,t> (~tJjt : c:p~ifr±~f4~tl:llt&ifr± ' 1996 ~ \0 Fl) . J{ 1-17 • 21 ~Ja' f±.:t:..i!ll1li~ . J{ 377 • 22. ~~aJl' " • • lCifM.? ' J{ 14 •. \..
(10) 10. It1TN~cp~*~~;ftt*~Jjtk$M~I¥J~~rm§ :1J1¥J~{~. . ~o{~&1ifJi!Hcp:9<:~!ili. , lilfJt~¥t\il&:giID~I¥J-JJU~*~~ cP~*~~~:g1:E~g1~~ JgLI¥J~fj~ , :§tt8i.:t~¥U~@lrJjJi!l! ' flt!fr~~£~~~t£..:::.OfF:{-tmlm ' ~~~ ~cp:9<:mj]~-ilif~{*lf:!ili~n~ , f~~~.~J::.~~~~fj[-1t~I¥J~~ :g.1JO~;tt:;fDml¥J::tffli~i5~. ' '8frtR~~UpM'cp:9<: ' rm~~~~gjJf}~ ~l¥Jmj] i&f&~3&j:tB:1Jwcp:9<:zra'fflij];fDflj~I¥J;Y~;fD~~ 239:.*# tJ1&1¥J~~~~Ii~A ' ~C)r:iJl¥Jm~~z-~p~1*:&xfflij]Tt&I¥J:lttrjffi ~*~!J Xgg~ 7 CP:9<:fflim\t~U~~1¥J1&:lJtfE tJM~~x~f§tJ ' fit! §,1:E.*1JD~;tt:;fD ~*~mffli~Nl¥Jc)r:iJ~~fflfjl¥J~~' r {ElEf3M'$jfC~ZfflJ*I¥J!6t~;fD3t?T 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. ~~'~m~~cp~~~I¥J~cp'~*'fflij]Tt&~~~~~7CP~lt~ m~~. , !ili:1J::t~ , ?T~::t~£ifi ' ~~*~ml±\:m71EMiJL. 0. J 24. -~~m'~~~Ji!l!~~3&~~MRI¥J::t~~~,{El~~~~~~~ m~I¥J'I:t~~. , ~fr~~~~jlCP~Wf~:1J~{~~~JijJPJTjf£I¥J{~{rJFffl .~ J::. ' WfJi:il&m~~fJi!~iflil¥J~:g , fu7.:t~¥tJ~@lrJ:t'Ji!l! flt!fr~tl!l±\ r il&~Jt 1(& J (Policy-Penetrat ion) I¥J~~ ~Pil&JM1:E:jtI1Jil&tJ~ , ~D{~~ ZJt1(& ~ft.I¥J.T.,~&m~~ • • • I¥J~Mo~*il&JM*~m~~-. Ji!l!,~.ooR~ • • ~m*l¥J.m.j]D~-~mMl¥Jr~.J (C~ sis) 'Mil&J&iID~ ril&~Jt1(&J ~.I¥JB~f~ , ~~~9rfu.7W&;itf1t!~~O r gj ~~£!PJ J ' r 1E*1C15~ J ' r il&m~W J ' r j{$t~fJi!fD?T~c J ' tJ & r m~.15 J ~~•• 25 ~IE9 r~. J I¥JffJl~ , [jJtJtl!f;!t~fr~?Tffi~~ 0. 0. j. I. :'. 0. Ef3~rm:3!ltI¥JfJi!IDIi~;fi¥j·. ~7 J::.~~Jtftl!¥Ul¥Jcp~fflim\t~~~fD~JfiUft~~~51. ' ~fr~~£~;tt:. 1il~I¥J~-~1:EtJ~~~.I¥JJl9f1trJ:t'Ji!l! • pJT~f!jfflij]f~AJl9f1t ' ~ltl¥Jfflij]~U ~3&~ltI¥JJl9f1t • mr~'~;tt:.1:E~~il&i'€:ift1tUCP , ~Wl~mfflij] , M1t 1¥J:m~~p~~;tt:rffl~i:t • -:1tJ\OfF:f-tt<n ' 'M~1;1f.L~ml¥J{fX1M~*~*JJT (Konstantin M. Simis) • 1t:f1H{fflt!mJf}I¥J.~ • ~7 -::<$:i5m r ~~ : JI9f 1tl¥Jft.J (USSR:The Corrupt Society) WiJ • ~*WT1:EiJCP1aHi!!;~~~ffd: .Jl9f1tl¥Jm~J:1I1T~: r IAtJti(!K¥1Jo¥rJHlfHm~jm ' § 1¥J~1{}¥U~TI¥JI f'F ; il&w~l¥Jfl~:fm~~~~~~~,x , m*f*~:ttBT'j;~ ; ~13.f'ij:t(n~x~fiMt ¥~+1Il1ll1tJ ' ~riJ'Mf'ij:tL~ ; mrx1t$~tJi}~Jg~.JmI¥J~~BHJjU!!r • ~1:!i~1:.~' filJlIIcfDU.:t:tlilJll Utg : ~.I±IIl&~± . 1999lf I Fl) • fi 241 • Ii'!Lt. fi 247-248 • 25 li!~7I#'iMil~~' iEt)s~M. (a~t : .JiXxft$~rp,L' , ~~ 65lf 10 Fl) . Ji{ 4-5. 23 24. 0.
(11) -tlj. ~r:p~ r f!±tt::t;f_HJJ*&I?'~$~ J r:p8'g~.fll§'. il~nIU~8'g&JlSt. 11. ::R:!JiJitf3. ' ~-1ilAifBsrtmtl~~1t J 26 :tE3t~~7E{~ (LY. Andropov) tAt1:E ~.~C~ , ~tCAW~~~:tt:.1¥J~1trl=l'~ , i!&5iWWJ~J¥PD*c$l¥Jm~t1 -a:r'ltftl!&!&I¥J~rlO'f'&9;R , ~1t~7kti1:E~~$M~I¥J1f&1~ ~z. N-gImp iT, ~ ~~. 0. 0. 0. 0. ~:tt:~~fuft~~.:tt:.$!&~I¥J~1ilm$~°:tE~:tt:~*.&lli~. 1lffffs!. 1¥J-*/J'\fHtT~. ~::k#. ~fiT1. , 1W~PO~I¥J*~i11!; :. r~~*I~~'.*~. ~5fO. ~.~.m'~~.·A~.'~~. 7'J A. 7G PJ 1&:t:l1E, ~ iii ~ tfHt{ ~ ~j£:It Jr ~t)d! *-. rcft. 0. l@'A.i*:It ~:lQ-!-. ~~~*I~~*:It~~'.~.~wa~.~~~~**.~. f1ffiJif. ro~# 1ft #( Jf ' ~. a~~*~~.~~~~. I~~~~~ft.~. ft.jjJlfif 11' ijl,UHI1 ~ ~ f.fl it It.x 5f6 ~L ' iliu 1lt 7G ~ it , ~7G~ .,ilimr ~~+'~~~~~7G ~~A. ~r~.ttu~ •• '~~~*r.~.~~.~~~~o~7G ~~ •• ~m.·.~.Rti.~~.~:t~~~~~~,*#. ~~ '~. f(N. .~.~~~.~;~. ~ i-. ~~4.~. •• I. J. ~~.R~~*I~~~. •• ~~$~. ~H~;~ •• ~~~~~~*~~~~H~'. · •• ·~A~. :I1E,~1T~1T~.'X. ~~~H~;~~~~.R~.~. ~~~. #. ~.~~.m~ifm~~._·. 1~l* ~u ~ I A. 0J ~ ~ ~ ~ ~1T,a~.Wa. l~m~~~.R. *. , ~j£ TlU 8i" BY::. •• ~~~.oJn. 45-r:p:tt:~¥ti~JJlI¥J~. •• '~. •• ~~.·X~~~. ~. *I ~ :fl1lJU~ it}t t9:)I~ tlJ. , .1¥J~J&ijL~::f~tm~fI*;fItJl¥JJ:nipff$. . ffi)~lli~:tE-rJ:!;;~,Jff*J1ti. 0. I'Ja~~~'. ~,Jff*J1ti~§f~1~f®:~mmrH1!f.f1¥J. 0. r~:tE~f~~J&:fJU~rl'€l~-rJ:!;;. PO-rJ:!;;~~jh£~ (ijl:tE;:~d'B~~*r:p. :1£~fu~7) ff!&mtI1'FA~f.fAA~:tE:At~.~c!fJa§m~~~~1Tl¥Jn£ !. :tt:/fE:Atf-t:tt:/fElt1TAA ' :tt:/fEltrtil:tt:/fEltn;fJ8t1(1:ffisfll • ~-~ti~!fil&1f. Ii' -= Bi.JJ • Ir1iBiJl *l'fElfi:lJ7 ~:::t~ffi[iE45-A:ijt~I¥J~J&! J 28 0. ~. ..::... • 7~ 1£ t1!j t!~~ 1£~$~m1il;f[l*[!~t'tl~1&. 1). '. ~rJ:!;;iZ§1.JA±1ii'Jn,t~r:p:tt:Wr,E€~Zi&. '. 26. Konstantin M. Simis, USSR: The Corrupt Society (New York: Simon and Schuster, 1982), p. 297.. 27. .=EKi7f!' B£aJl~~'ff . *_I¥J!flU . fl*I¥J{Ei$-"Ull.~Ii\J;$if.m.:plllilt~.p£:l'lt +JiJ1F*_J:l¥JmiiS (jiiJ~t : cp~cp~.~l±llt&ffd: . 1991 5f. 7 FI) 'f! 175-176' \WIJfi· .:tllei¥ia . f! 370-371 '. 28. u_.
(12) • 12. mff.%*t.ttt:W~-OO1¥rFB"J1t~ ~~B"Jt:p~r~'~JU'**1JTI.YD (Kenneth Liberthal) ~t5lNP:tBjf( , ~@~~A:ffi~t:p~*~~~iH~AB"J1¥Ij-Eltfil: 0. ~-OO!3 EE~±B"Jr&m. ' ttFmt~1J£t:p~mmB"J~ft. 0. 29. Bf~. , !f!:t£-1L1L. !2]£fJ\R ' ~~I~~~.f1P~1j-JJi~Imt:p~:t£**-t:£fP'liif~~~~fPJftMJ\. '. ' ftl)/yzp:*ttti&:ill!.~~fRA~f)f ~* :t£~W1itf ~B"J+-t:{j'l.~~1f:~:B-fJT*&~~M't:p , ~~lli:,*~S'gAf§1a ' t:p~*~ :t£~7~Wjra~~~~t;~ft1fAB"J r:B-~ J ,:Jt:iif~~ti~fJ5CP*:t£-~JE~WjP'l 1'~~1W#!:lJjt~{tJf'L ' ~tl:\:mJf*B"J:ttf!1f±~ , JJ:¥7t~1Wm ; f§113cp~~ W-1L1L!2]£fB"J'~J(* ~IJ\~~~~=:B-z -B"JA ; ffi]§)'j' PJT:ffi~tl:\:mB"J r 13 EE1tO)($'llf~ J ,J'{UfBi~?2,ff.%~ft/J\ iif~M5!~B"J$ 30 , CP~*~~:ill!.&~:B-Mi!lfWT ' fELL~-'@P31fB"J rWj~J :§P~~tEt~m'M~JfH.:lJIJmB"J~~ ~fu~t:p~:¥4{JJ:t£rEGD~ r &fD:ZP:~ ~F'~ J B"J±~JJjUZg t£cp~B"Jfi~~lf ' ~?i&i1i*'U~B"J!2SJ~ '~7pg~ !'§1:lB"J~1t9} , P31ftiffd:tf±~~*~1jB"JfD:ZP:?~~~~ , m7;f§~*B"J r£B"J1itf~. 0. ~-1itf~{~JE. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. ~ffl'ffi]~~~~'!f!:t£~~mWj~e~~*~7omBft:p~S'g~$'ffi. ,. ~j1ij r;fD:zp:~~~~ J ',~~J~t~,. r ~-ft§':t£~~r&1i:1 ' *~~ i"., ... ~F~ jJB"J fi" fO:ZP:1fA.n 1L1W;fD1m~ffi±tf±~~* ' *n~iI::I;B"J ~]i~ , m~'~~fi*±~:t£~~-~~"TB"J~S'g~~liI~ J 31 :t£t:p~HF!t:p , P31ftiffi±tf±~~**~B"JfD:ZP:~~~ , !i!fEt)i1i~~fO* ~ff.%m~~ , {EI.:ill!.*!2SJlttf1t:p~~~-OO t:p~~;7f\: r t£t:p~A~~fD~ CT+. -1'f-.fE.___ '. 0. 0. ~~m'~~~ff.%~S'gP31f&~~jJ~~ffl~~1m~WfD:ZP:~~&$~~. =Fr&*f111t:p~. , ~liI*lm~iI:.B"J~~fDfX~ffd:tf±~1ttl1.l ~&$~ lfiXij!~=F ' ~~~B~*fjfg , xB:ff.%ffl : 1'~ , ~:i=F'~ID~B"J~1t ' :t£1' ~B~M:Jt:{JWm'}jZJj\~pJT1'~ J 32 0. 0. t:p~M'~~E~~S'g~EE''Mt:p~*~&~~BTP31fA±ffifflMS'g. , !fXffi]1-\':ZB"J~ r -oo~mcpB"J*~ J mfQ~ , cP~~?2,~ ~-il1fQil)WJe~'8mff.%P31f ' ~5JU~~~B"Jm:t£~ljfffril&A pJT~ r t:p~B"J~ mJ ,:Jt:±~S'gmBf~t:p~S'g~~m~e~?i&~OO~~~jJB"Jmnocp~ m~1L1WS'g~ilB~. 0. 29. Kenneth Lieberthal, "A New China Strategy," Foreign Affairs, Nov.! Dec. 1995, p. 37.. 30 '31 !3~;:t:)f:Pif . ll!:1f;1E~ . IIIfJ\lj£fJ(Jilii . ;I}J~fJ(Jmtl ( f t : BJl~ililt!iiiitf: . 1997lf: 10 Fl) . ffi 347 31 '~51!~t:t.~ilIfij'!C!¥f~~j(*'f J litlffll ' il§:/jIll~fJ(J~lj£iJi.'U& (~t* : ~~¥J(1filiJlf>i)ji± ' 0. 32. fPJJ:· ffi. 52-53 '.
(13) IDib'l:j:t;!:!(. th. r ifr±lt'±ilif)]*&llf§'f~ J l:j:t1¥J;!:!(.fEl5-iU~'U~I¥J&JEt. *~rg~1f5IillllH!0~fDtlt:W~Nf1"i¥Jm~tlfflJ:. f€ 1 f\. 13. r =OO1iif.CP~i¥J~~1:.. ~m{~~~B*'~mm=~~~*~;-O-O~=O=Oif.~~' CP~i¥J~~1:.gtm{~OO:~$V\~{f.~)G. , ~~~~TmflfE~tlt:W]Hv: J * , :tt~~i¥J{I\ § cP , cP ~PVffi~i¥JifI~' r &::4'!';{'@f~~~I~~Ufu{ft fD),}:Xffm~1:.~{t5fD3if1"il!3t*fjlli¥Jg)ijJ~ J 33 ~rm:ttjipJ~MffijlJM~ ~i¥J~j?¥:tfu{ftfD:EJ!f¥~~~ff~~TtJ5~ : -~{'Fm~~~:EJ!{~~~ , cP ~i¥JPVffi~~~T:tfu~D&1i:ltJ~~ ; -~{'Fmffl~t&£Jt~1mf¥i¥Jffd:1W::tj!i1* ~ , cp~i¥J'I;J(~~~ , Jt~~j1fUfi~1Jlf~li!~fD1:.fr§1:f:a: ' ;f1~T m:*i¥J ~if cp~ij£m ' ~-;yJW~ r cp~~ftlfnlf J i¥J:±:~Ic..\.f:lIl.1t(~ ; t&-;f JW ' ~U~~~A.:9i-:Xi¥JIc..\.f:lIl.;fH1Jllt 34 f1!~ cp ~5ffi~JWJ:;r: f'FIHI ' m cp ~*~~'l' 1J ~ffi:t&iiJij~gt1:.i¥J1![$.5i ftJirtu ' [Il];fl%~1:f~$U~Ic..\ ~1:f~~W6m ' CP~:tt21fH~*5ffi.i¥J:tfu {ft ' 1W?¥$Jr8fD~~i¥J5fIJ~1ti~ , 1Z9~ '~~i¥JretJE2NHD&m§ , flr.r~ j!ff~:tfu1ilP9tbJjt{:HiiJ#1~f*@Jt.1Ji¥J~~ j:§1:f~~5ffig)ijJ , :tt4t&- , +if.P9 ' cp~oo::;r:iiJj!ff~:tfu:tt~~lli:::t::ZP:~j:fu1il ' ~*-@l#~-~~c't1:tfu {fti¥Jtl1Jft3-e IZ9Ift ' ~Cp~iE:lIJ~1J~E-Ef ' ~~J;)1![$-¥f~*m~'8FJT §fflJi¥JilJcp~#ij~j±~lliffiB~ , ~~Wcp~!:iaxJ§_~!i¥JiiJij~'I~7tr.u ' /u7':R:. 0. ~~1f5ffig)ijJ. '(. 0. ~. g. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. :ttcp~1![1J B:tji¥J'[1f¥5l;Ll"m~. 0. 35. ~-fLfL1iif.~$UfL7\1+fJ]i¥J-Ef#ij.$~~. , ~~tf:l&1*~fr Ai¥Jff. llW ' illLWcp~~~~UW~5ii¥J~*Nffi fSiit& ' ;fOJif*ij'[*~MtWYI$~iiifMEEL3i f1"T f~MIDJro~ , illL'§'~m1:te-~ r9tg9:tEi¥J~~~{*IUJ{*J ,mcp~Jt~ ~i¥J7JX;1f1illL*mfl* Jr~J: ' :tt.~;tIDJCP~Jt:9i-IUJ{*~J$ , t~$Ui¥J-JN: EP~~ : r:p~ij£~~~Jtr:p~i¥J~~§~:~ltag1[ti~~ , {J?JJ;)mllW rfD:zp:?~ 0. Q. ~J ~~mm:*~i¥J§:flll. 0. ~,;Jt.f.J~J1!ltm. fIDJt*t3 P9)'}i¥JtJ~~ , cp~tf:l&i¥J[3J~Jtm~fr5l"7U~~~ : m- , J;) 33. '$ftdt. r'!lHiJiil!iU~1t~f!NJEli'jil-E1l rrr:stit~~ @].~Ji1jlllrp~rHH*.J . tp~Mlii (~ tf!) • 1998 iF I .F!~ • J'{ 38-39'. ~. 34 35. ~.~. r:st,j;fIi~.f&cp~lBlf~~jt;f5~Jl'.C&~.J 'tp~llfii' 1998 iF lO.F!ilItf • J'{ 24 ' Richard Bernstein and Ross H. Munro, "The Coming Conflict With America," Foreign Affairs, March I April 1997, p. 21.
(14) 14. m:.~U$::t~i¥J~::t~cpijjU)Jj{~rJ. - , 1JD~il&m,'i5:!,~g!~ff ' tti¥J~B~n5mtJ. '. l'ffrji¥J~~:$:f:ji. '. *C)(~.i¥J~j~. ~JjU~ r. J. ~ff. ~JjU~~iiji;J:t;.i¥JJfJfAArt:l~~. ; ~=. ; ~QY. '. , W1r~i¥JlI~ ; ~ j;JYii:m~ , nJJifr± !fij]~f;t51g1* ' m~. '. 0. - , ti-1' ~.:t. ~ tp ~~ 1iff~:re~~~~9::.i¥JAtBttIlfM. '. 9::.*#&,1<n~1ri¥Jlfd:tt::t~.ijjU. '. jt. , f.t~U$ ' 1£il&mc)($7JIffij;RJf5l ~liiffli¥J {'FYii: ' - fLfL--· iF>t; jj ~;J:t; cp :R:3::ttjj~jE:L};ffii¥J~;J:t;~~jlj![~ , ~U~lJ)j~#BjG3::1iY:~7 ~::t~cpijj~ 1Z9~ , ~i¥J~~jlj![~~!fij] : ~#fD ~#Ji:. r 1I1rf:'§ J flJ.i¥J~m*Jl~ r JJirzf:'§m J ; El@]lt~i¥J@]A::t r .r}g~±'i¥J~~ J '{:fM-11l.*Jl~tB/f1~~*.~1iY:~ftl!f:'§ ci¥J ill~MIJ{§frp~~~rwftBi¥J@]A1:.n5 ; ft8f.~ r ImH~jf:'§ El3*fiifd: J ,~p lEiC*~~.P31*JjUn5!WJ illfl'[wbl ' ~~~~~m*7:fj~ltmi¥J1!t* IZ9 1lt ' 1;tm~#.i¥J'rg1m*~~ , CP#~~1~tei¥J~liHi~ : l&*i¥J¥-f!lUi~m~711lAi¥J1I~*1tm ::t~i¥J~::t~cpijjrJ@:~UIDRI~)(. 0. 0. ~j~AlItJ~cp1ti¥JftJ{rQ]. ::x;E~I~,g~1:trf!t. 0. 0. ,. I. ". 0. rf±'t"±~~*a9~~~*~~ff~±:l"f*Ua9/~~U'. iL~~1ff. ~~~.a9~.~~'&*~~~~~~.~~. ~a9. •• !*~~Iff.~~V.;~~~±!R~~:l"f' ~.~ A:l.~M~.r.a9 •• v.,~~¥*ft&*~~,~~* ~PV.~±'.*~lr~. :l"f~.~o~M.~.a9~. ~~oJ36 ':;h.§~I::rI+tt>:r+tCf;lrnr,IfiS"§rr r) I U~~..:r:~'I" rp!.Hl:'J/T-..7'~. ,. rt1±tt'J0~'I.-=!;;<§l)'2i;. 1./" ~ J-~'"13 r.1/U\~. • •. ~-'lE~~M®~~~::tW~Cp~~o~±'i¥J~*~*~:.P31;7J.~i'=3El33::• •jt@::Ii~jj~1~~1£-$2f~f~{lfr~~. ; .i¥JFffl'f~ , ~j2¥rrxjt®~;tii'=3El3~~Ji:1:. ' jEll£\j'&rQ]3::• • ~¥&EI{'F ' :Ii ~ti~jEQJ~:J,~f!J! ; El11l.~=lmfjg1l:lz:ttB~~f:'§ai¥J~~ 0. ~CPi¥J~*~*~:.i¥J~~*tt~.i¥Jl&~lItJ~g,cp:R:~~tt. , 3::.£\~'&l'f*1t-s~¥fj , £\@i~~~i¥J mc$ ; 3::.£\j'&~f~{lfttB~&1tt.i¥J~~ , ji~g&1tt~~ , -F*&g&t:t1:~ ~~JfBm~j~I{'Fi¥Jl&~~g. 0. ~=·~~~::t~.,~cp~fii¥J~~o~~~~.~~cp.fi~.
(15) ~r:p~ r iii±fr1J!jHJJf&IP'&~Jt J r:p~~.P:l-E.. ::t '. ¥AI=r~fjcp.l=r~cp. ~*/JU~~&J0:,. 15. 0. '~~1fi7t~~.P9~::t0 ~12B. '. .CP:R:~~.I=r~tiI~Jl?lJ$U. 0. 37. cp #59iIDijJ~::t~CP$tll¥J::t~ § I¥J~W11:&:\~I¥J~Jl?lJm~ , ~~MMrr~ ~tiI$tl~~!ff~m~~~ 0 ¥I~~~~~IlBJJ\ZjSI¥J{*1i~rrumjJcp{J\ , {f! ITWIlB/J\ZjS/f'~ , ~~5E~I¥J~~*@11:59i~jJl¥J~Jl?lJm~ ~DIf;l; , ~. 3Wil&*I¥JJIWJ~Uml1JlJ'~J5JT&:\~ ~759i{t¥I~~I¥J~Jl?JmjJ , W/J\ZjStWm te r ~{J\ J I¥J~~ : 0. 0. r~M-. ••••• ~-~.~'~~.~~«~~I~ft~o. .-~«~. •• ~.~~~~.o~A~. ••. r~fu**.~~~~~# ~. ~I~«~.~'. h.o.~~w.~a~.~,. A;fintilE.!\" , F!P*1t1. m1~1fJ:~}dtJ !.if)) , ~~. ~o~A.~~~~~. •• ~~. ~6rJt~;(£!i ~ ~ ~ • • ~A ~ J:t~ §. f:'t1:.JIUI. •• ••. ,.~~~~.~.. ~J!~ -i~*~>\". ,. M~.~,.~ ~~~oJ38. IlB/J\ZjSmte. r ~{J' J. .~~~1!a1rl. ~. -ft.~,~~~~;(£*.~.~a. I¥Jtl1t '. § 1¥J~1l:~¥I~~l¥JmjJ:t{g{.ft. ' m~~. m~#.I¥J~m:t{glliom£~~R~$~I¥J~I1J,cp#~~mJU'~7W. .. 11:~Jl?lJ~~~\~m~, ~Jl?lJ~~*J§}I¥J{'F$mffiM7 rimf?!t1~ftjs. 0. lZ9. If;l; , cp#~~mmte7"-f)1U='6£*l¥Jf=r~mfB : ~- , 1;l]'\sdiiJj45-:9~ , mZt~~m~i&*I¥J-ltt1 !l1fE~I±I~.~~H~ r£I¥J~11J ' ~~&::\~{'FH1i&*I¥JIDijJ~ , iB£*)jrru~fra~~D- CP#~1t~ !Wj45-:9a~l¥JfiIj!{$ , m:;g~{4~JU~Jl?lJ~lUll¥Jm~ ; ~= ' ~~=f~jfffl¥J~?lJ~~~~?JA~\~.N1f*§~ii ' /f'~g1f*§:fff 0. 0. .L>. t=I. 0. , ~?J~~~!I&59iI¥J1iA'*Jt ' {gfli~?lJ::t~g~1iAdb~ -. -. ,. J..... "'" ..:1.-. , U1lt::t~:f}]*&~~~~ill ' m1;#;7CP~#~.:f:Ecp#lJH=r~J~. 37. [Q)J:' ~ 353-355 •. 38. iIl/J\ZP:Y:~' ~.=.~. U . 1997 if: un. }. 39. *. ;t... 1S ~ qx, :Jt:J. r::J. JJll J~ ~ 10. I~ ,~". ~DiWpJT~. 39 0. , ~ 309-310 • 51 Er~:fr~ , m.<ttll : ;til.J&~f:I~ldI . f{ 4 •. J.!i,~~. <tt1l2lljJtI9i!Ui~:iJ' f{ 271. 0. (1fti'l:!i : aA~tfjltlii.
(16) 16. ~~~~~mn~~~~*~of8~$~~~m.~~~*'~~~m. r~;m:fDlli~j ~rl:l'~ 1I~~1:E*c~~~.mJL-t;+J\ffl]if.~. eOO!ii;7. 0. -~~~1l~1f .-tt8*: rlf~[rlJ~WWd:1f±'llM~HlfH~:W~J5!Jm:iU~&\~~Jmjj. *±'~'W~~lf~~~Btt1f±'~~M~,~~.-t~~7~~~~~~. f£ ; lf~$$"~~~~ , JiSt!J.t?i::1lffI '. ttmi1R:ffi~WJi:ijg. , ~¥UM~~Fa:fD;ft. ftj?5~~ff~~::&~*mffi$*:tt. ; lf~:fl~~1li ' 1:En~±'~OOMjijfl~~ ~1t ' PJ¥tfjffllTlmllmz~*:¥i~ , ~§jai¥lpJTm~1&~ j 4°~~~'[lf~ 1'@~~~~9C.t~J~!J.JJ&mI1'F~m~ , lZSI~ , tlD[rlJ1I~~pJTm: r~fr~ ~~:ijgtlD*~~~*&,f~,;m1'::&16~J[ , :1F~~~*&J~,;m~&\~1f::&16~J[ f1t fr~&\~Jil1E£t-~.t~:fD~cmz~fi1ff~~~*~~~wll j 41 0. 0. 0. W~~~~,~~~~m'~~-M~~~~~~~~~olZSlmr~. ~~m*uwr*#lli~~Jm¥U:alE~~-t;+if.ffd:1f±~~~~m~ , 1:Efftm , ~filG~~IlffI~±'~:fDJ~J§t1~;L ' fOJ~tt?W.~jGI,. :fD:fH~~s 1~1H::k2~. ~~mI~~~7~::k~.~·j. tiL ' no. r_®1'~.m~ • • ·Mm~~~. W~~.:fDjfd:1f±'~*=::&Fa{,\ j. , iTIi~~.tt?lZSI,L*=::&~~n '. ~rJ. 41. ~75!R1t,l~,~~mI1'F. '. ~~1:E.~9C~tm~T. '. e1:E~'*t&PJJ:.~J[. ~mT~~~ff$~'Jm:OO~r~~~'~~m'~~~j~±'~~~~ .1:1.m~W·;ft~,. m'. ~~~~. $ ,. ~ttTI[M. r~~~. j. fBtjf~~~JJil~WI~~m-~~. 0. lZSI. r ~1'~~ , ~~ttflJEl ' TIfH~H1*¥Ufflf4~~~~ , Jl'j;~ ~~faAt~~. ' H1*¥U.~IDlm~~lIWmn ' H1*,¥U*fjllT7f3~ , 51,WX~ ffjj , *1C~ll~~I{'F~g~n ' H{*'¥~~H&.~~J[~ffft~¥R~~~~5!R~:fD¥R i6uJ<ZP:~~{~ , -1DliI!i ' H1*'¥~l\(;{f'~lIU~:amJ;}]:ijgm. ' m~ , m. ' g~ :a~~.~¥Ril&ttMlL ' g:;:a~~~lf~~~Biii±1f±'~1;i::k$~~~1' 0. ~~~ff$. j. 43. r ~~~ j. ~±'~P'g~~W/J\ZP:,~!J.l,. 0. ~~~~/J\ZP:f]!lllfH~. ::kfJ1t ' :fj"WJ1R1If$H,\~1l~tt!!11L~.~ , :MzPJ~.~~mff~~~il&m ' ~ &W~ r ~§PJW j Jlt9i- ' 1i1R:'x;B~xm~ r000'f:1j pJT~~~1&~ :fiE ' ~~~ffjjW1R§~:fDt±:lIt&~§j EE ' tt?1*mz:f§~~'&ifiU~:lr~ , ~Y~m 0. 1999~7F11 El. 40 41. Aft 13. , i6J-t.. 42. ~ • • • Jlt:~U •. 43. rilfll~m' J. ,m21iEi'. .:I:.fII}•• J{ 384 •. (iit±~) • lJt:.i:iIll6. '. 1999 ~m 5 M. . J{ 9·.
(17) ~r:pj:1( r Wr±~±'Jif)]H&~W:J. flfli:$'i-*mJ.§'!J13ttlhw. jf!jl~JlU~B'gRm. r:pB'gj:1(;i;f'El@'. 17. 0. -=- ' .:fflfb it i! 1..11 -:tL:tLJ\1f+=Ji ' cp*!!f!t'J7mWr=5R1¥J r ~~i&r*I{'F~~J ' re.Wi&$I~,~mcp~.M.i&I¥J.~o.~cp~.l¥Jr+li*J. cp' r1t<$mm '~~ffd:~±~$m~~J '~PfEVi!lm-~r§~7Jsm, Iq] W¥~UACP~I¥J r:tLliJ ~tIU;fO=O-01fI¥Jj!Il§:fj cp~~m~~~{:; J\1fCP~ r +-JOO=cP~~ J fD:tL=1f!r~fJ\2JSg'i~1¥H~lJl~J5f& ' ~=-*I¥J 0. ,lis:,. f&mw.. 0. cp~m1tJ:trem!tWi&$I{'F{'Fm .M.i&r¥J.~,6n}~ cP~1§j~pg:9}fjE~I¥J:B-;fJT. ? miJf~1rI!MMmt. ' :!t!tW~-arlJ.miffmmT~U~~li :. §%,~m7~m~.~~mnl¥J~~o~mcp~~=~r¥J~~~. {,' , IT1l~4-5R1§j~I¥J-@1.*~~~~D{iUfi!&~f~~~Ar¥J5c:fJfI{'F IT1l ~~*~f~tI:1: r 1t<$m~ , gt~,IJi*A~f1l~~.I¥J~~~T ' {t(~]I$;fO 0. $$m~'~~~~~~;fO*A~~~~$~,~~~m~~$~'~~. ~~$~'~~~~~~I~~1t<$~fi,~~.m~~±~~±I¥J~~. 1t ' $$1t ' f~~~ijjU~;fO$$=1'l2Sl~~~AI¥JG!{~fffiG!{~ , =1'l2Sl~~~A;;f1 $fm:t~nl¥Jc~~fffiG!{~ J 44 0. ~gZ,m7~~~flfJf~~.CP'~~~~~A~~~,tI:1mi&~. r&:!tWI¥J,:j!flt ' rI1l~=1'f~=1'~[lijJtJ$m1~tf Ar§ , mcp~I¥J~~~i&m ' ~ JL~I¥Jj[ft~jiJUW cP~-m--m-l¥JSfnai:Hfi!jU~r¥J-@1pg~l2Sl* ' ~1~1'FlElitf~ ,:!fl}!JIr~'~ , fugt~r~1'F{i!&~ffl}!JIAI¥J~mI{'F mr~'nl¥Jlm.-art1E=1'~ 0. 0. flfJfAI¥J~m~~'l2Slmcp~;fO:!t®~~±~~~-~'fu~z-~m~. '. ~*r~'~I¥J~$. ; JllEg'i~ro'nl¥J~~15~~A.mf& ' JL~U~~"*JtI¥J~. ;ft;fOt'JmmA ' f!fi&~~~=1'fj~I¥J:tk~ .~l:.. c~~rfflW.f&r¥JJi!fftffd:wr~Jm. ~7JAfD¥Ai&7J~J::{'FtI:1[IijJJi!f. '. 0. '. BfJEf~CP~.Jaj~~fpf~'~Ji~~~. ::tt1EJJ!1t~I¥J~~. mt.~~~7JA;fO~Jti&7J~r¥J.*"~. 0. 0. ffiJ1t<$m~WH~~J:. ~P1f£.fJ]I¥J±~1t<~i&*. ret1t<.i&*3Z.1t<~$1$ , ~"~¥U**I¥J±~~$$ ~6~ , .1¥Ji&*;fO$$zra' , f¥~~T~Ul¥Jl£lm :. 0. ' ,,~¥U. 1f£cp~~kMI¥J~. m-'.I¥Ji&*~~.~~l¥Jftm'~~~.I¥J~#J:-ar~~0rffl. r. 44 _:U::~i' r*~Yf:lI1fJ' ~ruti'r::t.~~Yf:lI1fJ~~ ,:sJt:lUI~' 19971f-~24Wl' J!9'.
(18) r. 18. I¥J . ttr5JP)J~:. I¥J ; ffij'7'*f$j!rj;ij!~3~(Ji~~l¥Jmf1t ' ~fJ~J~Ef:ruj*~ 11Jl~~$:tE~mfDfjJ¥f!1U:tE8':J;j;Jrnrj , '811~&\~.w000 ' mirOJHwr01P"8':J ; - , .l¥JiI&rftE~Ef:3J}jiJjIJtt8':Jm,JE,fJi.~ , /f;j;J1:tEfj-m8':J~mm,j!1j ; $f$j!rj;ij!PJm,j!um::t ' /f~g~N~Jlj{j!1Jt.4:JJ1:tE ' 1§j!.iJ ' mflJ~~~W~N/f SA ' .PJ!1:g.;fj!flj~l1Jl1*'fDjfd:wrlmi*t1DPJ1[~~~ ; =: , .8':JiI&~::t~~W.~WfDJ\lMc{*lmW1if!i ' i1l.*cR:i@!iffl~. pg ; ffi]$f$j!IJ;ij!PJ~*%if!1IJj]1¥lmW1if!i1¥J ' !1{f{iiJ~&:~W1if!if!1U~ , ~~. j't: tff~l¥J:i@!iffl'[!!: ; ~rz:g , .l¥JiI&~~1[~*8':J£lm'[!!: ' *:l:8':J~.iI&~tt11m~~~8':J ~1tffi]ml1if~~ , 1§j!fjm!/f~M'".t:t!iQ~)tl1if8':Jt~~{'Fffl ; ffiJ$l$j!rj~1[~~1¥J ttl:tE [!!: ' $l$-~1:E~~~~pg1¥~/f~ , PJ*l~~$l$~~8':Jjfd:wrl1Jl1* 8':Jttl:tE 45 j't::Jz ' ~$m~;ij!~7~iii~Ji~~~~8':J1t¥5~1tr~'M r:p~ltB~i§:;ij! r ~~ J. 1. 0. 0. &:~F'~I¥J-llI~~:tmfjfl¥J1JJf$. 0. ~~~JJ::.~Ji~~~~/::f:rl'JIJI¥J~*. r:p~ r r:p*C~=:Jz~wr J tW!1.iI&~11Jl. :. ~-. , /f1fU~i1i1JJfiE:~ ; /f*~$1[fia"Jr:pfl'm!IW ' /f*flJffl~mm ~C{~ , T~~~~;R*~i1i1JJfiE:~~f3Hf1iiJfl!lf~{tf: ; m- ' /f*1:E:g.~*~~W.r:p*~ (§t2i~W~) 'llIJjU*~Ht** ~I¥J ' /ft~aff{iiJ~~ ; T*¥rj-F~~{lrfDj't:ft!!iE:~$~~{lr~m~Ef:3 llIA:SZi18':J:g.flJtffl : m-='T*~Jfmi:~: ~rz:g. , T*1:E0~mlJJr:p:li~~3JZ~:g.fl1[1Ji~~~ ; /f*:li~-r~~. {lrfDj't:ft!!iE:~$~~{lrWM~l¥Jlli ffl"* ' "*Ef:3ll1Afre.ffl ; ~li. '. tL:!./f*te*~{lrffl0~1JJffJI!I¥J{'E§ ffl. /f*ffl0~~I&:g.;fj!~J:\:8':J{Jt~~~wr~~;f~. , tL:!./f*ffl0~w. w~m.8':J~~mlJJo46. ~~i§:®m,:tE~g1§~W 9m7*§'M8':J.~lH'Fffl. ' !1~~®wW*~i~HB~I¥J.iI&~~ffi]~ ,. 0. 1&1& ' ~$m~~~*~~"m!~{:Jt-@$l${*!ll r:pjt:I*I&aj(1fiOO1Jj(iI&~ , /f{lHtE!IW*r¥pg~8':J*~~m~{t ' tL:!.1JD1~7 0. 45. ~xlft. r ~$ramW~j'if;f[JQ9:1l.f.ll9ilJil#--¥~Jm!J\zp:rr~Jj\IHI~.Y11$dJll1*'Il9~i!ltJ i!:IU~ . 1998 ~rfj; 14 M . ]'i 26-27·. 46 *flJ1fP~.' rlti(;j{:t~9filJi~l:lflIl9.t%I3~J. . *i!:ilti& . 1993 ~rfj; 20 M . 'N 2·. .. *.
(19) MaCP~ rffd:1f:::t~_H)J1f&~~J CP®~.iEJ€=!'-lr~t~~®1R,fGl,. ~~ftl¥J*f~ m7 fJ!m-*~~1I!i1WI¥JJIWl5fU~fJ JJa! • ~OJJ:t::t~~g&ij fJ!~1¥J1i-3jf!9:1i 0. 19. · ~~'~:lzJWTI¥J*$~C~m. 0. \?EJ ' ~ ~1t ;HHHf.. aM~~ti~a.I¥J~.§.~m~.~m.~-m~~I¥J~~. ~;~~'fu.~k~~~m~I¥J~~~*,ti~~*~mfir®~.. ' m/J\~itmtJj rXt~Iil~ ,.f:l::WHW ' tt~ ~f1 ' fmJl:;'!lfJtj , ~pfif'Fm J I¥J~~ 47 ~fr'gi&m ' LMm/J\ZfSmtJjl¥J~ ~ , tim-~~l¥Jti~a. ' ~7tEla*I¥J~~t~~f'Fffl 0 ~J I¥J~~. 0. ~~*jIJ~f!t. 0. ~~/J\ZfSmtJj~~~~I¥J~~. , a?&~~¥u~*11i~I¥J~.. ~1jUP)::~E5~~I¥J~3( r~,FGt~J. fH*~~I¥Jf!ll.r~~~ts%. mf9!J ' ~Bjlft:~. 0. ~~~:tf. r~~~iJR®;g1*m~. ' pfi~~.~L~fHlfH'J1~~1¥J ; ~~/ftl~1il. .~I¥J-~~~I¥Jf!ll.~Iil~'/f~~@~~~~~~®am~$'~ffi. ~~~ji(*~~~*pfi5flJffl. ' ~IilL~Ctl7~~~*m1'J1¥J U" :ru~.~.n ~~ , if:E~7*~I¥JIJU~ , :1JDi!7~~~l¥JmR.0 J J!BjJiiitfQ~: r~~~~Ji ~AfJ.*~~~m~:ru ' tlf'F ' fJ.~~JI9(1i'E~~m.1il~*~.m@ , ~* ft1t3(a*~-JE:flitIjfL~jfiUm-~~ 0 J 48 ~~~I¥JIil~ii;g , j(;E5~~pfi3EI¥J~~~ , ~m~m-f1gti~~~~l¥JgB ~/fm. ' *~~¥:m:ft:~I¥J;;y~rmf*®~*&Ii'?}g. 3(~~~. , ~1jUmiJ!tim-~~~~l¥JlEiiiwp{~. 0. 0. ft5IItt ' f:9IJ~[1 '. ~~~.JEBI¥J~ ~~~~rI:l51mW*. t~tJj:. r Xt~~*PJ*tltW~~ftl¥Jm~:rum1jU~*1EIiJ~~tltW$~1¥J U" ¥~.n ftJIrPJ;LFs'I¥JFJ"'E3:@;?}gtJj , ~maM~~~;;y~FJ"'I¥J1AA~ii * ~;L~~ • • • I¥JFJ"'®ffi~.~I¥J • • ,~.~~.~m;;y~BM I¥J J 49 PJT~1!l r ~~ft J m~ , :ft:~R~~~~~I¥JMIli~:ru~MI¥J~-* .tl : ffi r ¥~J ftJ{rPJ~Ut~~~!I{ir:ft:Xt~f!tllfE-m5$1¥J:tili1ll ' gliJ~~ tltW~:ffkFj;I¥J~:lz: 0 11H~~~tim-~~~~I¥J~m ' ~fr'~JJlIT$~m~~aM~3(If'F 0. 0. mtJjl¥J-~m!~'£*Lm~~wl¥J~~g~oIT$~~m:m-'~M ). ~~Rffa.'~~~~~~~;L~I¥J~~''''~-maffl¥J~~.~;. '31 E31\l1i:?'s~' r tft~tEtt;tJ'f!l[¥!i~ lli : ~l<;It~~{tAl~IHJif*~Im{Ri~!;! J '1:fIIIWPIa' Fl'*l ' ~ 15 48 ~flj§, iUIRt:lIIU.±.BWl:l: . ~ 331-332· 49 1\lIi:§~' r tft~:t£t!t.wm~~UlJ . ~ 10-11 47 . 0. ~. !. 0. 1998. Sf. 10.
(20) -~----------------------~p----. 20. ~=. ' ~~mkm:fJo5i~~::::t/:tW~P~J~rp~*~j[Witf'FlDlf* ' {'F~:9}~. If'F~1L.£E~li. ; ~-=:. ' ~-&c5t~m~~~*~~IDl1* ' TEllitif§1i#m: ' *~ff~ . ZP:~if§t~ · 1iflJitf'F 50 :tEJ:~-=:.JjIf'Fm:~lirp , ~Jmf:t~1Dl f*:fi:: §~~~ ; !lt~j[Wi&Jfim:fJ059HNm-=:.t/:tW~*lDlf* ' ~1J:~rp~~1'J 0. w~~r~~it'x~~J~~~.~o P)~~47(~.tJ. · iQ~~J:mf:t~IDl1* '. &"~~5(lDlrp~~±~:9}~~rj. ~o~~*,rp~K~tJ~W~~~Jm-~r~~tt~~~~*IDl1*J rp~~§~!fiJ&"Mjtf3~*:t:lih=U:9}~ r~JisCmJ a~~~HN~li-fl. 7~~!fiJ~~iIi~. 0. rp~~~59iIDijJ!fiJ~~f:tm1f~1:.~9U~Mi~. 0. ' i:Q.:fi::~ :. ~-. , 1f~¥j(~~:tE2:;tit{'Frp59iftB~$~i'Ji ' P)B*ZP:1tJrp~:tE2 : ffijrp~~U~*~lJffl~B~)§~n:rfjg : ~= ,1¥t~~~1Jo59if:t r El~J ,r~~J rrp~?t~~tJ J ~2 :f;j , f~ffij:fJD'Urp~*fE:f;j r ~**1C- J ~~. ; - , 1¥tflUtftg~*ffl ~Oif:fJDfllifr':tE!fiJrp ~m1R:~)§~lM1J~1J~. ~ 19U$lO • :tEf¥j~I'b~~J: ' ~~~2M'1¥tm7HJI5l!:!;;!fiJrp~~~IJ~iIi~~~ *~59ili£1L~ , ~~)§J!:fJDfl~ 51 ~~!fiJ~~iIi~/ffJ!n:rt)it~J:~~m~tt § fJ ' ff~~~~:fi::1J& 51 ~~:it~Wf:trp~*lliiTi~~~Jr · ~)Ed'(~m r rp~~~~ifB J :tE~~~f7'J ~UJJjtk &"~ · :tE!iiilW.fj5E!fiJ~mkrp~"~H*~~~ , rp~59i~/f1f[t;] lit;ff{~ r &f:taifl±fim@l~*ffiUm J ffijUi&Jfi;m~mk!fiJ~=t/:tW~ *lDlf* ' ~1J~~rp~~1L&a*1t-~*j~!WtJ :jtrp · ~mk!fiJffX1.IWT~1Dl l}H~*~{'Fffl. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 1*fi~~~o. ~~me~'rpmlDl1*B~-nn-~~~~~f:tn~rj[W~. *J. '~mk¥U-nn[g~1R:5E~mk rlliijq]tt-t/:t*c~9t~ti~f*lDlf*J. -nn/\~[gJ1. ' ~m~. (Boris Eltsin) ~,*1CID.JI'b~~tJjt~. 0. , ~:1JJ!~~1R:. Ii:,\~mk rzp:~ffiff~ 'lliijq]tt-t/:t*c~~~ttM'F~*IDl1*J ~@ifBil~~ {iiJ/j'~ , rpm~:1J~:p.1m~~ , 47(~J7+iJ~1Dl1* ' :fi::~:tEm:!£:J:ftW~~ 0. Wjo fJ;E~J7+iJ~lDlf*~mk~[t;]*1N§t. , lliif:tl§:1J~~~~~~rj~ , :fi::-@I!i. ~~~~o~~mft~'m1.lWTB.~7~~:tE~~~1f~~~,m~tJ. a . ~ 2 1lEi·. 50. A!!E3. (1ii9\-IlEi) • 1998 ~ 12 F119. 51. fI1I~ii' 1fI111111~~J2fHIf (:K~ : .A.~lliJ:Eiiii±. . 1996:1f. 5 F1). • 11159--160 •.
(21) IDfat:p~ r ifd:~;t::ft:m~Illli~ J t:p1¥J~.fEl{g-~J;f!)ltl~I¥JJ3VE,l:. e*1'~DiW. 0. ffUfiHtFf1'f!t*flg1&1~i§1iff!±~;EJ§I¥J*~~1iWJ. 21. ' :Mlil~~~t. ~1¥J*_~~,w~m~~~~I¥Ji§1i~~'~±Mml¥J~~o~~m. wr ' ~t~A~~~f!ti§1i~~f*~~mwrl¥J~~ ; ~llt ' ij;g~~tJD5gHfX~ 1¥J~~~w'~~~~~*~~i§1i~~mwrl¥J~m'~-W~~sm~ ;lKWJ~~ , - *rMh~l¥J~mwr~~ r 1fm J (The Capital) ~~~: r ~~A!/lfm1lX~Q]"J;J~!3 C±ff ~~::t~~1~~ill~t!:!;l. 0. ' PJEdfXmwr't~:flW~~I¥J~~rmf*,H~ ,. J 52. fBJtitfu ' 'W;~:#;g:Y6~31U3~t1il¥JmlG~m~1& ' '8Q]"J~frjmffXmwr ' f'F 53 ~~rmf*,I¥J5SHt ' ~]jU~.*frf1=1¥J Miii ' 1it.%.Jff~~Ujf{J\ , tt'L<*i§1iI¥J~~t~~ , ~~~ffXl¥J*8Mffi] ~~m~~.&JtM~I¥J-M:hit ~f~~~ij\UI¥JQ]"ffg. 0. 0. ~&~~~~I¥J$n'B*m~~:#;I¥J-~m~§~oll$~~m. fiIDJFo, El *1¥J~:#;~~5C1f ' ~1il¥Jrmf*,lI~rtfm~*~Wfrf1=W3i:~~~~ fI$n ~:#;!/lfmEl*~~~.~ r3i:f*SifiUJ 1¥J~~rmf*, ' B*~~~ 2~JtIJ~~l¥Jm~3Z:;f± . ~!It~ Brmf*,I¥J%-~~rI~i!lB~,~ B3i:f*SifiUI¥J _* ' f~~~U~:#;1:EfflJ:iitfEW!l¥Jflj~ ~1ftm::=.t!tJit~~ , :tiUt§J;J*E1p~~:#;m*f;E*&.FJ~I¥J±'~1&Vi hit ~~*8*1& ' ~t!:!;l~~~~~l¥Jjll~H&m~~ , m~:#;DrtjJ:·f]:PI' t&~~'8fr~l¥Jmff~;f03Z:t;f ~~~t§-B ' ~t!:!;l~~~~:#;~1T&~FJ~ H~ , ~~Q]"ffM1!iW~:#;&:\~I¥J~mV!i 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. {Ii' ~. ffm '. =..6.. iilll. ~:#;~~±.htll$~*1f:1:E-*~*~If1=~j!~ , ~~~:#;~ r ~~~M#Cmt;+1f: - f;E7U$~U. ~,~*~mJ;7 -~83*~lf4:fipJf~~~ ::xj~E3~x J. I¥J.. 0. 'W;~~i!l¥JnfJTfDm:ill!;. . ~1ft~~83~ffi]~I¥J*~~ , f1=7f§ ~~~J:Jil$OO~S~. ' ~*Jjtl~ , ~]jlj~~~m. ~~if:#;n1iffiJ 0. SI¥J~~.ftf. ' 1it.m*~~:#;'W;~f§'W;ttml¥Jn. *)(1iJf~*E!iiHm7f: ' ~:#;J-~~*JjU~~IiI¥J~$fDf1=$ · ~~~J:~ ;ttHJJi~Q]"~ ~~ ~~zra~.1:Eff~~~J:I¥JWf~:#;fBJ!li ' ;tt~~m : 0. 0. ,. 52 Quoted in Eugene Bazhanov, "Russian Policy Toward China," in Peter Shearman ed., Russian Foreign. i. Policy Since 1990 (Boulder: Westview Press, 1995), p. 166.. 53. Ibid., p. 168..
(22) fU. 22. , ~1iWjEPJ:£:*#j:j!i~~f'Fm~iEj(l¥J~~ , rmax$I¥J~*mW~+ ~jfd:1t±~.jf5u*1fI¥J~mrm~ : ~= ' aj($I¥Jl!l!~*rnJ/J\:W ' *:ltI¥Jf?'& ~1'1f:f~mjE*¥il:t§rnJ ' mW~~aj($*~mzMtmtflt1JI¥J~$'1'1 ; ~= ' *:ltftax$~l~ CPOO~l¥Jfj~~~.f£L ' m~~~~1tI¥JMItrQ~~ m~tmLlt ' cp*&1f~max$rmt±rfJt5tFmIll;fJTI¥J:OO~ !t±~I¥JJ)jUzs] jEit1:faj($Im1&il&m r ~~~tglf.i J 1¥J!l~/J\ZP: , mcp*l¥Jaj($~fj~:lIY r fjXE~lltl-1;1] J I¥J*~ , !tcp{g.fI5il&ml¥J~XE;fOil&~l¥JfjXE ftfiXEI¥J *~""f ' CP*PJ~J!U~~m~)fG , 1tXEY,~51~±~l!l!~~CPI¥J~.~~ , 0. 0. 0. ~ft~OO~~L'-~~~~$Lm~~I¥J~~,{g.fI5*:lt*~~81¥J~ !lt~~. , mgtjEcp*HNcpl¥J~!lt5G~If'F ~~OO~ll:fi ' cp*l¥Jil&yfJfr m1f!t~1'1i1ml¥Jtfu1i ' m1f!t~M'I¥J-OO 1M~***:lt~81¥J~1t ' ~Y*)(PJTiffiH&l¥Jcp*~g:~JllWfljmlD!t~ 0. 0. ~m~~'~m~l¥JjE~l!l!~ax$'~~;fO~XE=~~I¥J~ID~~ocp*. 5Si~~1f~tn~M'~~:ltI¥J~Ji2i ' f81fEcp*tl1fl¥Jmillg~U\t*:'fI ' *.~g ~M'*'UtM'!t~Ji2itfufll ' m~lff:ffl-~tnaj($ , ~~fO:fjXEI¥J.mJI'11ml~ 0. \'1>. ! .. *. *. *.
(23)
相關文件
中華人民共和國於 1949 年建立。建國初期,政府提出建設社會主義的目標,推 行不同的政治、經濟和社會的規劃與建設;但在 1966 年至
年級 教學重點 學科活動 價值觀及態度 三年級 主題:粵劇 中文科:認識粵劇的背景
級別 與九一八事變和抗日戰爭相關的學習內容 初中級[中三級] 中華民國的建立及面對的困難1.
「那麼國民黨和 共產黨是否志同 道合?有否合作 空間?」(學生 可就一己所知作 答,然後再細閱 工作紙的資料作
Grant, ed., The Process of Japanese Foreign Policy (London: Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1997), p.119.
無庸置疑,共產主義及蘇維埃超級大國瓦解,是促成全球巨變的首要因素。自 1945
從地理位置上作一觀察,中國可說是「東盟」最親密的近鄰。「東盟」對中國的外交政 策,大致上分為兩個重要發展階段。第一階段從 1990
看現代中國歷史》為題舉行中五級電影欣賞會,選擇合適的時段播放張 藝謀導演的電影《活著》