國
立 政 治 大 學
‧
N a
tio na
l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y
䨞ᷕ⽫㺼嫃䘬㖍㛔⬠侭ᷕ㛹⃫⑱炻㕤2007⸜䘤堐㕤˪役ẋᷕ⚥䞼䨞⼁⟙˫29
⎟䘬˨㮹⚳⟙Ṣㆸ况ㆹ烉役ẋ⨺橼䞼䨞ʇʇ⽆㖍㛔ˣᷕ⚳ˣ伶⚳⇘㜙Ṇ⎚䘬 奨溆㍊䳊℞⎗埴⿏˩(㮹⚥ࢪ࣮ࣕࢼࣜࢫࢺㆸ冶ㆹ役ẋᷕ⚥࣓ࢹ䞼䨞ʇʇ 㖍㛔Ʉᷕ⚥Ʉ࣓ࣜ࢝ࡢ夾䁡ࡽ㜙ࢪ࣓ࢹ⎚ࡢ⎗傥⿏ࢆ㍊ࡿ)ᶨ 㔯炻㔯䪈㚱ᶨ⋲䭯ⷭṳ䳡Ḯ㖍㛔䚠斄䘬㕘倆⬠䞼䨞≽ン炻᷎㒜⍲ṳ䳡Ḯᷕ⚳ˣ 伶⚳⮵姀侭Ṣ䈑䞼䨞䘬㤪㱩烊ⴗⲐ昮䘬˪役ẋᷕ⚥͚ͥͲΘ̯䞼䨞˫晾ẍ 䃉㓧⹄ᷣ佑 䁢ᷣ天䞼䨞⮵尉炻Ữ娚㚠䞼䨞䘬Ṣ䈑ᷣ天ẍˬ㕘ᶾ䲨㳦˭䘬哉
⃫➡ˣ㛶䞛㚦ˣ⏛䧂㘱䁢ᷣ炻忁ṃṢ冯ㆸ况ㆹ⼨Ἦ⭮↯炻⎴㗪ḇ㴱⍲㚱斄䥹
⬠ᷣ佑⛐㬌ᶨ㗪㛇䘬⟙↲⼙枧≃炻ṵ⎗ 䁢⍫侫ˤ
役⸜Ἦᷣ天䓙㝷厲⣏⬠䘬㜙Ṇ䞼䨞ᷕ⽫冯ᶾ㕘⣏⬠况ㆹ䲨⾝棐㙐㕘 倆⎚䞼䨞ᷣ⮶䘬ˬ㮹⚳㗪㛇䘬⟙䳁烉㕘倆冯㔯⬠˭(Republican Era Newspapers:
The Journalistic and the Literary.)䲣↿䞼妶㚫(䚖⇵忚埴⚃㫉䲣↿䞼妶㚫)炻
徸㫉⮯䞼䨞䘬䓊慷㶙⹎炻⼨ᶲ㍸⋯ˤἳ⤪炻ẍˬ㇘㗪㕘倆⬠˭⮵⣏䛦⊾
⟙↲䘬⼙枧䁢ᷣ柴炻㚱Changtai Hung䘬War and Popular Culture: Resistance in Modern China, 1937-1945.ᶨ㚠烊Wesley Samuel Palmer䘬䡑⢓婾㔯炻⇯ẍ 1920-1930⸜ẋ䘬㕘倆⬠䁢➢䢶炻慵㕘㩊夾ㆸ况ㆹ䘬⟙↲⭂ỵ⓷柴烊Jiande Chen䘬Nationalists, pragmatists, reformists and radicals : an historical analysis of the political role of the Chinese journalists.ᶨ㚠炻⇯ẍ㮹㕷ᷣ佑侭ˣ⮎嫱ᷣ
佑侭ˣ㽨忚ᷣ佑䫱⚈䳈炻Ἦ婒㖶ᷕ⚳姀侭⛐Ⰽ埴⮰㤕⊾䘬⎴㗪炻冯㓧㱣ᷳ攻 䘬⮵㈿冯⎰ἄ⿏ˤ
ᶱˣġ䪣䴅㡈㽤
⁛䴙ᷕ⚳㕘倆⎚䘬䞼䨞炻㚨䁢Ṣ❊䕭䘬仢⣙炻㗗ẍ⸷↿㗪攻 䁢㑘徘 䘬ᷣ庠炻℞䳸㝄⼨⼨⭡㖻⮶农㕘倆⎚ℏ⭡㗗ᶨᾳ⟙↲䚖抬䘬䷥⼁㔜炻侴朆㗗
Subject and Source in Republican-era China, 1911-1949. Cambridge: Fairbank Center for East Asia Research, Harvard University, 2005 May.
‧ 國
立 政 治 大 學
‧
N a
tio na
l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y
ẍ⨺ṳ䘬奺⹎炻㍸↢庫⣂䘬⿅侫㕡⎹ḇ⼨⼨⾥䔍Ḯ⼊ㆸ㕘倆䎦尉⢾⛐䘬媠⣂
⚈䳈ˤ㕘倆⎚䞼䨞炻⥳䳪⼰暋嶐崲㗪攻⸷↿⺷䘬㌺㭼⟙↲炻℞⍇⚈䁢ỽ烎伶
⚳㕘倆⎚⬠侭⎚吪剔㕗(J. D. Stevens)≈大晭(H. D. Garcia)⮵伶⚳㕘倆⎚䞼 䨞䘬↮栆㱽炻ㆾ姙㚱℞㍸䣢⍫侫䘬ἄ䓐ˤṾᾹ⮯㕘倆⎚䘬䞼䨞⇅↮䁢ᶱᾳ栆
⇍烉㍷徘⿏䘬(descriptive)ˣ妋慳⿏䘬(explanatory)㍊䳊⿏䘬(exploratory)ˤ
⛐↮㜸䞼䨞伶⚳䘬㕘倆⎚䞼䨞叿ἄ㗪炻㊯↢ᶱ侭ᷳᷕẍ㍷徘⿏䘬䞼䨞炻
⌛∫↮㗪㛇㍷徘㕘倆ḳ㤕䘤⯽炻ỼḮ䳽⣏悐ấ烊℞㫉㗗ẍ↮㜸⨺ṳ䘤⯽側⼴
⍇⚈䁢ᷣ䘬妋慳⿏䞼䨞炻䃞侴㬌栆䞼䨞⣂ẍˬ⟙Ṣ⁛姀˭䁢ᷣ烊㍊䳊㕘倆䘬 䈡㬲朊⎹炻⤪℞䳬䷼㧉⺷侭ˣㆾ䴻䆇⮶⎹ˣ⨺橼冯悥ⶪ䘤⯽䘬斄Ὢ炻⇯⮹ᷳ
⍰⮹ˤ49
ġ ġ 役⸜Ἦℑ㛔㍊䳊伶⚳㕘倆⎚䘬⮰㚠炻ㆾ姙⛐㬌⎗ẍ ᶨᾳ䞼䨞䘬ῇ 掉 烉 冺 ⽟ 䓇 (Michael Schudson) 叿 䘬 ˪ ㍊ 䳊 㕘 倆 烉 伶 ⚳ ⟙ 㤕 䣦 㚫 ⎚ ˫ (Discovering the News: A Scocial History of American Newspapers.)烊Michael EmeryᶱṢ⎰叿䘬˪伶⚳㕘倆⎚ : ⣏䛦⁛䴙⨺ṳ妋慳⎚˫(The press and America : an interpretive history of the mass media.)ˤℑ㛔⎴㧋㗗㕘倆⎚䘬 㚠炻⌣椾⃰㎂㡬ẍ⟙↲㔀徘㔯㛔䁢ᷣ橼䘬⁛䴙⎚⬠䞼䨞㕡⺷ˤẩ⚾ẍ⟙↲
⢾⛐䘬䣦㚫嬲⊾炻ẍ⍲⟙↲⢾⛐䘬⼊⺷䓊䓇䘬シ佑炻 䁢慵㕘妋慳㕘倆
⎚䘬朊尴ˤ㭼㕡䓙庫㖪屜䘬暄娴炻廱⎹庫ὧ⭄䘬⸛₡⟙䳁䘬䘤⯽炻ẋ堐ᶨ 䧖⟙㤕⟜⊾炻⏰䎦↢ᶨ䧖䓙ˬ㕘倆˭㇘⊅Ḯˬ䣦婾˭炻ˬḳ⮎⏰䎦˭㇘⊅
Ḯˬシ夳⏰䎦˭䘬忶䦳ˤ50
⎎⢾炻⽆㬟⎚⬠ㆾ⁛㑕⬠䘬奺⹎炻Ἦ⮑夾㕘倆⎚䘬䞼䨞炻ℑ侭忂ⷠ㚫㚱 栏㬌⣙⼤䘬䎦尉ʇʇ⎚㕁傰䴉䘬昛徘冯⁛㑕䎮婾䘬槿嫱炻⼨⼨⚈䁢⬠䥹妻䶜 䘬ⶖ䔘炻䞼䨞⍾⼹⎬冒㚫䓊䓇㤝⣏䘬徍䔘ˤ忁ᶨ㕡朊Ἦ冒⎚⬠⭞⛐妋慳⎚㕁
49 ൹ৎวǴȠεഌύ୯ཥᆪўࣴزբᕴំϷຑ(1949-1993)ȡ(୯ࣽᚒࣴزीჄԋ݀
ൔਜǴ1996ԃ)Ǵ।6(ᔞਢጓဦNSC 83-0303-H004-075-12)Ƕ
50 Michael Schudson()ǴՖᑉ܃()ǴȠཥᆪǺऍ୯ൔޗўȡ(Discovering the News:
A Scocial History of American Newspapers.)(ѠчǺᇻࢬрހޗǴ2001ԃ)Ǵ।17Ƕ
‧ 國
立 政 治 大 學
‧
N a
tio na
l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y
䘬忶䦳墉炻⼨⼨⚈䎮婾妻䶜䘬ᶵ嵛炻⎒傥⇲嵛怑Ⰽ䘬⮯旬⎰䎮婾㝞㥳䘬⎚
㕁炻䓇㏔䠔⣿⛐Ṿ䧖⬠䥹䎮婾䘬㟮㝞ᶲ烊侴⁛㑕⬠侭⛐庫䁢䅇〱䘬⁛㑕䎮婾 㟮㝞墉炻⍰⼨⼨ẍᶵ䴻嫱⮎䘬⎚㕁炻ㆾ㗗⮯㕟䯉㭀䭯䘬⎚㕁炻㒂ẍ䁢䎮婾㟮 㝞䘬埨倱炻⼿↢䘬䳸㝄⼨⼨ᶵ䫎⎚⮎炻ㆾ㗗庽㖻䘬ẍ兮㷔䘬ン⹎㈕㚚⎚⮎炻 ẍ㯪䎮婾䘬⬴㔜⿏ˤ㎃妨ᷳ炻⇵侭⚈䁢⎚㕁⮰㤕⊾䘬妻䶜炻⛐慵㔜⎚㕁ⶍἄ ᶲ庫䁢ㆸ䅇炻⌣⚈䁢仢᷷䎮婾㟮㝞䁢➢䢶炻⎒傥⢾ῇṾ䧖⬠䥹䘬䎮婾㧉⺷炻
⮯⼨㖼ẍ㗪攻䶂⿏ 䁢妋嬨㬟⎚䘬㕡⺷炻㎜⺽Ṿ䧖⬠䥹䘬䎮婾炻ẩ⚾徜性䶂
⿏妋慳⎚⮎䘬㝗䆍㌺⸷⓷柴炻ẍ⮳㯪䎮婾㟮㝞ⷞἮ䘬䳸㥳⿏㬟⎚シ佑炻䳸 㝄⼨⼨㚫⼊ㆸ⎚㕁ὅ旬䎮婾炻侴朆䴻䓙⎚㕁傰䴉墉∝忈䎮婾䘬㮃䕭烊⼴侭⇯
⚈佺ㄋ䎮婾㟮㝞䘬忳䓐炻忶↮⻟婧䎮婾㈡⇌⿏䘬慵天⿏炻⼨⼨⾥夾⎚㕁䘬㔜 䎮彐‥ⶍἄ炻ẍ农⎚㕁ℏ⭡䘬㶙⹎ᶵ嵛炻⭡㖻㳩㕤㬎㕟㕡⺷㝞㥳℞䎮婾炻 堐朊ᶲ䎮婾䘬㈡⇌シ嬀⋩↮⻟䁰炻⌣⼨⼨忽暊⎚⮎䛇㬋䘤⯽䘬嶗䶂ˤ
ġ ġ 天妋㰢ᶲ徘䘬⓷柴炻ᶵ⎴⬠䥹䚠Ḻ⎰ἄ䘬䥹晃㔜⎰炻ὧㆸ䁢䳸⎰ℑ侭⬠
䥹⛐㕘倆⎚䞼䨞ᶲ䘬慵天ⶍἄˤ忁䧖㬟⎚⬠冯⁛㑕⬠䚠Ḻ㱧䓐ˣ⼤㬌ῇ⺽䘤 愝䘬ね㱩炻役⸜Ἦ⛐㕘倆⎚䘬䞼䨞柀➇墉炻⏰䎦↢⋩↮㖶栗䘬嵐⊊ˤḳ⮎ᶲ炻
⁛㑕⬠柀➇役⸜攳⥳⍵䚩㖑㛇㕘倆⎚䞼䨞䘬媠⣂⺲䕭炻䰚≈⻟⎚⬠ᾖ梲 崘↢ˬ⬠埻ℏ⌟⊾˭䘬仢溆ˤ51ḇẍˬ㕘⎚⬠˭忁䧖奨溆炻Ἦ⿅侫㕘倆⎚䘬 㛒Ἦ崘⎹ˤ52
⍵䚩㊀㲍㕤䎦ẋ⁛㑕⬠䘬㤪⾝㟮㝞炻㗗⏎傥⤪⮎䘬䎮妋ᷕ⚳⁛㑕奨⾝䘬 墯暄冯䈡㬲シ佑烎ᷣ天㗗䎦ẋ⁛㑕⬠䘬䎮婾Ἦ㸸㕤大㕡⬠埻⁛䴙炻➢㕤大㕡 䎦ẋ䘬⁛㑕䑘⠫炻ㆾ姙㝸ṃ⛘㕡⍵㗈ḮṢ栆䣦㚫䘬ᶨ凔⿏䈡溆炻Ữ㗗㗗⏎傥
51 ᏢೌϣڔϯࢂॷҔऍ୯ࣴزύ୯ўޑৎᜅڻ(Prasenjit Duara)ޑᇥݤǺ܌ᒏȨᏢೌϣ ڔϯȩǴࢂࡰӧΠǴᏢೌࣴزόૈගٮཥޑޕǴคݤౢғཥޑᜐሞਏᔈǴѝࢂӧό ᘐख़ፄԾρکձΓǴલЮўৎ೯ၸࣴزԋ݀܌߄рٰޑޕ؟ـǶֆߪǵੇࢫǴ ȤཥᆪўࣴزޣाуமўᏢঅᎦˇˇፕύ୯ཥᆪўࣴزӵՖوрȨᏢೌϣڔϯރᄊȩȥǴ ȠཥᆪεᏢȡǺ3Ǵ2007ԃǴ।5-10Ƕ
52 ำୗǴȤΨፋཥўᏢǺᜢܭཥᆪўࣴزޑऩυࡘԵȥǴȠཥᆪεᏢȡǺ3Ǵ2007ԃǴ।
17-21Ƕ
‧ 國
立 政 治 大 學
‧
N a
tio na
l C h engchi U ni ve rs it y
㒂ẍㆸ䁢妋慳ᷕ⚳䣦㚫㔠⋫⸜䘬䣦㚫⁛㑕㔯⊾⁛㑕䘬㬟⎚䴻槿烎栗䃞
⁛㑕⬠䎮婾ㆾ姙⎗ẍῇ≑炻Ữ⍰ᶵ傥⬴ℐ㊀㲍㕤⬫ˤ53
ġ ġ ⚈㬌炻㛔㔯㛇㛃䘬䚖㧁炻㗗ⶴ㛃傥㉳㡬ᶳ↿⁛䴙ᷕ⚳㕘倆⎚炻ℑᾳ冲⺷
䘬䞼䨞佺ㄋ烉(1)⣏慷ẍ⟙䳁㔯㛔 䁢昛徘ὅ㒂炻⌣䃉夾㕤㔯㛔⼴側⼴䘬䓊墥 忶䦳炻㚱℞㗪ẋシ佑炻ㆾ㗗䶐廗䳬䷼ᶲ䘬⼙枧炻Ṏㆾ埴扟⺋⏲Ⰼ朊䘬侫慷烊 (2)ẍ䶂⿏⸷↿䁢㑘⎚䘬㕡⺷炻晾䃞⎗ẍ⾈⮎⛘⏰䎦⎚㕁䘬朊尴炻⌣䃉㱽㍸ὃ
⬴㔜⛘ˣ憅⮵⿏嬘柴䘬妋㰢㕡⺷ˤ⚈㬌炻㛔㔯昌Ḯ堐䔁⎚㕁朊尴䘬嗽䎮⍇⇯炻 ẍ旬抬䘬㕡⺷炻ᾅ䔁ㆸ况ㆹ⸜嬄䯉䶐炻 䁢䞼䨞⍫侫ὅ㒂ˤ㛇㛃⮯慵溆倂䃎 㕤ㆸ况ㆹ⛐⎬ᾳᶵ⎴㗪㛇䘬⟙㤕⮎嶸㕡⺷炻ẍ⍲℞℟橼䘬ℏ⭡㳣≽炻Ἦ 䁢妶婾䘬㟠⽫ˤ