第五章、 結論與建議
第三節 研究限制與未來研究方向
本研究仍有未盡理想之處，以下將本研究進行時主要遭遇之困難及研究者所 採取的解決途徑，分以文獻探討、受訪者取樣及研究結果推論方面說明，並向後 續研究者建議未來可能的研究方向。
一、 研究限制
(一)文獻探討:因研究者語言使用上的限制，所蒐集和參考的文獻、書籍、期刊 及網站等皆以中、英文為主，無法兼顧其他語文資料。另郵輪旅遊為一新興 的研究領域，尤其在國內學界向來較少受到關注，因此尚無豐富的文獻資料 可供參考，以上可能導致文獻探討和引用有所侷限。惟為提升對現有知識的 瞭解和運用，研究者透過廣泛搜索電子資料庫、期刊、圖書館等資源，同時 參考其他與本研究相關重要文獻之作者所引用資料等方式，以掌握關鍵性的 文獻。
(二)受訪者取樣:由於國人參與海外郵輪旅遊風氣尚值萌芽階段，特別是歐洲郵 輪假期必須投入相當大的時間與經濟成本，非一般人皆能負擔，因此在尋求 具有歐洲郵輪旅遊體驗且願意接受訪談之受訪者時更顯困難。研究者首先藉 由密集地搜尋網路資料，並請親朋好友引介，於列出受訪者候選名單後，由 研究者從中選取符合條件的對象，逐一親自聯繫接洽。而為能從合適的受訪 者處獲取豐富充實的資料，研究者並極力克服自身時間、旅費等限制前往實 施訪談，期能透過這些資料及分析結果，提出具有價值的研究發現。
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(三)研究結果推論:為深入瞭解旅客的歐洲郵輪旅遊體驗，本研究係採取目的取 樣策略選取受訪者，著重研究參與者個別體驗的特殊性及之間的共通性，並 不試圖建立一個普遍適用的通則，因而不宜過度推論至其他具有相似旅遊體 驗的旅客。然本研究除可適時填補相關文獻之不足外，所探討的郵輪旅遊體 驗構面及研究發現亦可作為後續發展實證研究的基礎。
二、 未來研究方向
針對郵輪旅遊，國內學界多止於有關麗星郵輪的討論，至於臺灣旅客參與國 外郵輪假期之相關研究尚付之闕如，因此，研究者認為其中不乏有趣的議題值得 探究與發揮，例如郵輪旅遊意象形成過程、郵輪旅客類型與行為區隔，甚至反向 思考國外郵輪旅遊阻礙因素等。鑑於待研究主題不一而足，以下就研究對象及研 究方法等大方向提出建議:
(一)關於研究對象:由於國外郵輪旅遊航線有相當多的選擇與可能性，除了歐洲 航線外，未來亦可針對諸如加勒比海、阿拉斯加等同樣受到臺灣旅客歡迎的 郵輪航線探討旅客的旅遊行為及體驗，進而能將不同國外航線之間或國內、
外郵輪之間作詳細的分析比較，以增進對於郵輪旅遊體驗更全面性的理解。
(二)關於研究方法:本研究根據研究性質與目的採取質性研究設計，期能透過歸 納分析訪談資料，發掘臺灣旅客於歐洲郵輪旅遊歷程中的重要體驗，然誠如 前述，研究結果之推論因而有其侷限。是故，未來建議可朝向質量並重的研 究設計，進一步實施問卷調查更大規模的樣本數，並藉由量化數據驗證和解 釋郵輪旅遊體驗之成因與關係。例如旅客的年齡層、性別、社經背景和先前 的郵輪旅遊經驗如何對旅遊決策或體驗產生影響，郵輪旅遊各項屬性與體驗 之關聯性等，以更加提升研究結果對於郵輪業者實務運用的價值。
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附錄一、訪談大綱
一、旅遊動機與期待
(一) 請談談當時參與歐洲郵輪旅遊的緣由與動機?
(二) 出發前，你對於歐洲郵輪旅遊有什麼印象與期待?
二、郵輪旅遊體驗
(一) 搭乘郵輪旅遊的感覺是什麼樣子?
(二) 海上航程
1.郵輪在海上航行的時候，那些體驗讓你感到印象深刻或愉快?
2.有負面或不好的感覺嗎?
(三) 岸上觀光(船停在港口下船觀光) 1.請描述讓你印象深刻的岸上觀光體驗?
2.岸上觀光行程中，是否出現不好的體驗? 請說明?
3.你覺得郵輪在港口的停留時間長短對旅遊體驗有什麼影響嗎?
(四) 社交體驗
1.能否談談你與船員、其他旅客或岸上人員互動情形與體驗?
2.若有同行旅伴，這次郵輪旅遊過程中，你們的相處、互動情形 如何?
三、旅遊收穫與意義
(一) 你認為本次參與歐洲郵輪旅遊帶給你的收穫是什麼?
(二) 本次旅遊體驗在你的生活中有什麼特別意義嗎?
(三) 本次旅遊體驗有沒有改變你原本的想法或價值觀?有什麼新 的啟發或感動嗎?
受訪者背景資料
一、曾經參與郵輪旅遊的次數?
二、若本次不是第一次參加，過去的郵輪旅遊體驗概述?
二、若本次不是第一次參加，過去的郵輪旅遊體驗概述?