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補救期望與補救行動對補救滿意之影響 : 一個腳本實驗 林育昀、張景旭

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補救期望與補救行動對補救滿意之影響 : 一個腳本實驗 林育昀、張景旭

E-mail: [email protected]

摘 要

失誤的發生與補救的情況並非每次皆相同,因此,為了要提升顧客的補救滿意度,使他們願意再次接受服務並與企業維持 良好的關係,企業應找尋符合顧客補救期望的補救管理方式。 截至目前為止,探討服務失誤與服務補救之研究已經相當多 了,但過去研究多傾向在探討服務失誤類型或服務失誤後的補救策略,因此,本研究目的欲進一步探究當顧客處於不同服 務失誤型態與不同的補救行動情境時對補救滿意度之影響,並探究不同服務失誤型態對失誤歸因是否有顯著差異、失誤歸 因對補救期望之影響、補救期望對補救失驗是否有顯著影響。 本研究以銀行業為調查對象,探用2(服務失誤型態)?4(補救 行動)受試者間差異設計之腳本實驗法進行研究調查,研究結果顯示,補救滿意度不受服務失誤型態所影響,但卻顯著地受 補救行動所影響,且顧客補救滿意度在各服務失誤型態與補救行動組合下並無顯著的差異,不同的服務失誤型態對失誤歸 因無顯著差異影響,失誤歸因對補救期望有顯著的正向影響,補救行動對補救失驗有顯著差異,補救失驗對補救滿意有顯 著的負向影響。

關鍵詞 : 服務失誤 ; 補救期望 ; 補救行動 ; 補救失驗 ; 補救滿意 目錄

內容目錄 中文摘要 ..................... iii 英文摘要 .................

.... iv 誌謝辭 ..................... vi 內容目錄 .................

.... vii 表目錄  ..................... ix 圖目錄  ...............

...... xi 第一章  緒論................... 1   第一節  研究背景與動機.....

....... 1   第二節  研究問題............... 3 第二章  文獻探討 ........

........ 5   第一節  服務接觸型態............. 5   第二節  歸因理論......

......... 9   第三節  知覺正義............... 14 第四節 服務補救........

....... 17 第五節 服務補救期望與失驗.......... 22 第六節 補救滿意.............

.. 28 第三章  研究設計 ................ 32   第一節  研究架構...........

.... 32   第二節  研究假設............... 32   第三節  操作性定義與衡量.....

...... 33 第四節  實驗設計............... 39   第五節  資料蒐集.........

...... 41   第六節  資料分析方法............. 43 第四章  資料分析.........

........ 44   第一節  述敘性統計.............. 44   第二節  信度與效度分析..

.......... 45   第三節  皮爾森相關分析............ 46 第四節 假設檢定.......

........ 47   第五節  假設驗證結果............. 60 第五章  結論與建議......

.......... 62   第一節  研究結論............... 62   第二節  管理意涵...

............ 66 第三節  研究限制與建議............ 67 參考文獻 .........

............ 69 附錄A  問卷................... 80 附錄B 問卷.......

............ 83 表目錄 表 2- 1 自助式服務科技在使用上的分類與應用...... 7 表 2- 2 零售業之服務 補救措施..............19 表 2- 3 餐飲業之服務補救措施............. 20 表 3- 1 人際 型/科技型接觸失誤之操作性定義與衡量項目. 34 表 3- 2 補救行動之操作性定義與衡量項目........ 35 表 3- 3 失誤歸因之操作性定義與衡量項目........ 36 表 3- 4 服務補救期望之操作性定義與衡量項目..... 37 表 3- 5 補救失驗之操作型定義............. 38 表 3- 6 補救滿意之操作性定義與衡量項目........

.38 表 3- 7 腳本實驗情境設計表.............. 40 表 3- 8 各實驗情境有效樣本人數.........

... 42 表 4- 1 樣本結構分配................. 45 表 4- 2 各構面皮爾森相關分析........

..... 47 表 4- 3 失誤類型對失誤歸因之獨立樣本T檢定結果分析表 48 表 4- 4 失誤歸因與補救期望之迴歸分析...

...... 49 表 4- 5 補救期望與補救失驗之迴歸分析......... 49 表 4- 6 補救失驗與補救滿意之迴歸分析.

........ 50 表 4- 7 補救行動對補救失驗的單因子變異數分析表.... 51 表 4- 8 失誤類型與補救行動組合的補 救滿意平均數表... 52 表 4- 9 失誤類型與補救行動的二因子變異數分析表.... 52 表 4- 10 失誤類型與補救行動組 合的題一補救滿意平均數表. 55 表 4- 11 失誤類型與補救行動對題一的二因子變異數分析表. 55 表 4- 12 失誤類型與補救 行動組合的題二補救滿意平均數表. 57 表 4- 13 失誤類型與補救行動對題二的二因子變異數分析表. 57 表 4- 14 失誤類型

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與補救行動組合的題三補救滿意平均數表. 59 表 4- 15 失誤類型與補救行動對題三的二因子變異數分析表. 59 表 4- 16 假 設實證結果................. 61 圖目錄 圖 2- 1 服務行銷金三角模型..............

. 6 圖 2- 2 歸因歷程連結想法、感覺、行動......... 11 圖 2- 3 服務失誤與服務補救接觸的顧客滿意度模型.

... 16 圖 2- 4 顧客補救期望構念............... 25 圖 3- 1 觀念性架構.............

..... 32 圖 4- 1 失誤類型與補救行動對補救滿意的交互效果圖... 53 圖 4- 2 失誤類型與補救行動對補救滿意的交 互效果圖... 56 圖 4- 3 失誤類型與補救行動對補救滿意的交互效果圖... 58 圖 4- 4 失誤類型與補救行動對補救滿意 的交互效果圖... 60

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