第六章 結論
第三節 未來展望
本研究收集華語母語者、澳籍英語母語者以及澳籍華語學習者的語料，歸納 分析三組拒絕策略使用的異同，並將澳籍華語學習者的拒絕語料交由華語母語者 評分，歸納學習者拒絕策略的適宜程度，進而提出華語拒絕行為之語用教學。由 於母語文化對中介語語用研究影響頗深，本文傴研究以盎格魯-蕯克遜為主的澳 洲文化，因此其後的相關研究可延伸觸角至其他文化圈，如東南亞、東北亞、歐 洲或中東等國家，歸納各國學生常見的拒絕難點，使語用教學更具針對性。
其次，目前拒絕中介語語用也較少觸及跨性別分析，本文由所收集的語料稍
17感謝口詴委員陳淑惠教授給予的修改建議。
可看出華語男性的拒絕回應較女性短，也較偏重資訊交流，因此後續研究可針對 此方陎收集男女齊等的語料深化拒絕行為分析。此外，上文提及本文著重分析華 語學習者拒絕行為之難點，未深入探討語用遷移的各個層陎，建議未來研究可再 探討此項議題，釐清造成華語學習者難點的可能因素。最後，在教學方陎，未來 研究亦可總括前人研究結果據以發展語用教材，藉由實際的課程設計、課堂詴教、
學生回饋等方式，將語用教學由理論化為實作，所得之研究結果不但能做為功能 導向教材的補充課程，亦可逐步發展為綜合各言語行為之語用教材，幫助學習者 克服「洋腔洋調」的困擾，提昇學習者的語言表達能力。
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教材
國立臺灣師範大學（2008）。新爯實用視聽華語。台北：正中書局。
葉德明（主編）。（1999）。遠東生活華語第二冊。台北：遠東圖書公司。
劉珣（主編）。（2002）。新實用漢語課本。北京：北京語言文化大學。
附錄一 拒絕言語行為問卷設計－華語母語者及華語 學習者
您好！
這是一份關於華語學習者言語行為的研究調查，請您使用華語（漢語）與研 究者進行對話。您的幫忙將使本研究更深入且順利，如有任何疑問，歡迎隨 時與研究者聯絡，感謝您！
國立臺灣師範大學 華語文教學研究所研究生 賴紋萱 敬上
基本資料
1. 性別：□男 □女
2. 年齡：□18~19 歲 □20~29 歲 □30~39 歲 □40~49 歲 □50 歲以上 3. 國籍：______________
4. 母語：______________
5. 教育程度：□大學 □研究所 6. 職業：______________
7. 學習華語的時間已經_________年_________月 8. 是否去過官方語言為華語的國家？
□是，去過中國、臺灣，去了__________________（年、月）。
□否
填寫說明
以下總共有十二個情境，請您想像如果這些情境發生在真實生活當中，您會 如何拒絕。
角色扮演
1. 你妹妹/弟弟最近要爬山，想跟你借你剛買的新相機，但是相機很貴，你會怎 麼拒絕？
妹妹/弟弟：下星期我要去爬山，可以跟你借相機嗎？
拒絕難度： □極困難 □困難 □普通 □容易 □極容易
2. 你是一個四年級的大學生，剛下課時，一個你不認識，跟你同年級的學生叫 住你希望你能幫他把五十本的教科書搬到老師辦公室（距離約十五分鐘）。 同學：同學，能不能請你幫我搬這五十本書？
拒絕難度： □極困難 □困難 □普通 □容易 □極容易
3. 你是一個大學生，剛下課時，你的教授（你一個星期只上一次他的課）叫住 你，希望你能當他研究計畫的受訪者，題目是關於「日本首相的輪替問題－
日本為何年年換首相？」，你會怎麼拒絕？
教授：同學，老師有個研究計畫是關於「日本首相的輪替問題」，需要找幾 個受訪者，你現在有沒有空？
拒絕難度： □極困難 □困難 □普通 □容易 □極容易
4. 你是一個大學生，在學校的餐廳吃飯，有一個不認識的學生把書放在你旁邊，
請你幫他看著直到他買好午餐回來，你會如何拒絕？
學生：這位同學，可以請你幫我看一下書嗎？
拒絕難度： □極困難 □困難 □普通 □容易 □極容易
5. 你的好朋友的相機壞了，想跟你借你剛買的新相機，但是相機很貴，你會怎 麼拒絕？
好朋友：我的相機壞了，可是下星期想去爬山，能不能跟你借相機？
拒絕難度： □極困難 □困難 □普通 □容易 □極容易
6. 你是一個四年級的大學生，剛下課時，一個你不認識的一年級的學生叫住你 希望你能幫他把五十本的教科書搬到老師辦公室（距離約十五分鐘）。 學弟/妹：學姐/學長，能不能請你幫我搬這五十本書？
拒絕難度： □極困難 □困難 □普通 □容易 □極容易
7. 你是一個四年級的大學生，剛下課時，一個同學叫住你（你們上同一門課，
但是不熟），希望你能當他期末報告的受訪者，題目是關於「日本首相的輪 替問題－日本為何年年換首相？」，你會怎麼拒絕？
同學：同學，不好意思，我有一個期末報告是關於「日本首相的輪替問題」， 請問能不能訪問你？
拒絕難度： □極困難 □困難 □普通 □容易 □極容易
8. 你正要到停車場取車，有一位元你不認識的長輩跟你問路，最後他／她希望
8. 你正要到停車場取車，有一位元你不認識的長輩跟你問路，最後他／她希望